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Scientists Move Closer to Human Therapeutic Cloning

"Human therapeutic cloning has moved a step closer after U.S. researchers said they had successfully created embryonic stem cells from monkey embryos. Scientists told a stem cell research conference in Cairns this week that they had successfully created two batches of embryonic stem cells from cloned rhesus monkey embryos."

34 of 136 comments (clear)

  1. Which is worse by TubeSteak · · Score: 2, Funny

    If you're a Religious Conservative, which is worse:
    A) Human stem cells taken from humans
    B) Human stem cells taken from cloned monkeys
    C) Yes

    I'm guessing that they're going to go with C
    Mostly because I can't imagine they'll like cloned monkeys

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    1. Re:Which is worse by JoshJ · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The only reason they oppose embryonic stem cells is because of the possibility of it affecting abortion case law.

      Of course, they'll likely decide this is the work of satan because it could maybe lend credence to "evilution".

      The *real* problem here is religion.

      "There can be but little liberty on earth while men worship a tyrant in heaven."- Robert Green Ingersoll

    2. Re:Which is worse by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Right. One causes the other.

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    3. Re:Which is worse by KDR_11k · · Score: 3, Funny

      I want a three-headed monkey!

      --
      Justice is the sheep getting arrested while an impartial judge declares the vote void.
    4. Re:Which is worse by Lady+Jazzica · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No, you've got it backwards. The only reason some people support the use of embryonic stem cells is because of the possibility of it affecting abortion case law. Why not use adult stem cells, which have already been shown to be medically useful? The problem is that the pro-abortion lobby wants to use the issue of possible cures to get people to reject the humanity of human embryos. That's why you never hear embryonic stem cell research supporters talk about the benefits of adult stem cells: it doesn't further their political aims.

      On the other hand, the reason anti-abortion people oppose the use of embryonic stem cells is that killing human embryos, for research purposes or any other reason, is abortion. It's the killing of a young human being.

    5. Re:Which is worse by Adult+film+producer · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It's the killing of a young human being.

      Actually, that is not the case. It's the destruction of a blastocyst, which is a compilation of 70-150 cells. These are often thrown out/discarded in fertility clinics. They are definitely not human. Here's a picture of one,

      http://www.iscr.ed.ac.uk/outreach/images/Human-bla stocyst.gif

    6. Re:Which is worse by BigDogCH · · Score: 3, Funny

      Oh the humanity!!!!

      That little glob could be the next OJ Simpson, or Professor Snape!

      If that is a human, than I think I may have just picked a human out of my nose this morning. Now I am going to find it, and call it Freddie.

      Every sperm is sacred! Save me Jebus!

    7. Re:Which is worse by XxtraLarGe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      GP should not be modded "Troll" or "Flamebait". They are giving a reasoned argument in response to somebody else on the other side of the issue. This shows a true lack of intellectual integrity on the part of some moderators here. In order to maintain internal consistency, pro-life people must be opposed to the destruction of humans in the earliest stages of development, and pro-choice people must be in favor of destruction of human life in the earliest stages. You may like to argue that a baby is just a zygote, blastocyst, embryo, or whatever stage of development it is in, but the truth of the matter is that there is no point in time scientifically where you can say that a fertilized egg is not a human being.

      GP is only partly correct though. There's another reason for embryonic stem cell research, and that's $MONEY$. Basically, all of this therapeutic cloning research is going to be patented (which can only be done with embryonic stem cell research, not adult), and will be used exclusively by a few companies. So basically, the Slashdot crowd is willing to support the destruction of human life all for the sake of enriching a few corporations which will only perform their therapeutic procedures on the wealthiest of individuals. Maybe Michael J. Fox will be able to afford it, but Joe Sixpack certainly isn't going to be able to afford it.

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  2. Keep in mind by Short+Circuit · · Score: 5, Informative

    Rhesus monkey stem cells may not be entirely compatible with human nuclei, so this by no means brings the human stem cell debate closer to an end.

    Cell workings differ slightly between species. Different proteins may be present, etc.

    1. Re:Keep in mind by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually, as non-biologists, y'all seem to be missing the point.

      They have used 'emptied' egg cells and injected 'adult' nuclei. The young, messed-up embryos that resulted were dissected (split clump of cells into individual cells) and they were able to recover viable 'embryonic' stem cell lines which have totipotency and near immortality, in terms of continued cell division.

      The importance of this is important because (a) it is the first primate example and (b) it is from an adult nucleus. In the former, primate adult-derived ES lines means one step closer to humans than sheep, dogs, cows, rabbits, rats, mice, hamsters, cats, horses, etc. that have been done and proven. This is the first primate, which is significant because most therapies that work brilliant in mice/rats/dogs fail when they move to humans/primates, so this is great news that these Aussies have a method. [failures probably because we can't do full experiments in humans like in lab animals - i.e. 1,000s of animals, 10s of dosage levels, etc. and we only really hear about the 'last' experiment that worked, not the 1,000s of animals that were sacrificed to get dosage right and dissected to see what happened.]

      In the latter, the nucleus was from an adult, like you or me, which means any tissue grown from these lines and re-implanted would have much, much reduced immune-rejection risk - not zero since some embryonic proteins are immune-reactive. Also, for the religiously 'concerned', no actual viable embryos were destroyed in the process, just one oocyte (egg) and the early stage artificial "embryo" was about 99.99% unlikely to develop much beyond a few days.

      The downside is that this indeed one step closer to human cloning. There is not much getting around that. If you are rich and obsessed enough, you can make 1000s of these embryos from your own adult cells and implant all of them in prepped wombs (millions of poor women in china/india/bangladesh) and maybe 1 will come to term and voilah, you are cloned. Thankfully, this is highly unlikely, but still will definitely happen one day.

      Meanwhile for the rest of us, especially for those with chronic diseases that could one day be treated by 'replacing' defective tissues, this is great news.

      The one question everyone should be asking is why is Bush really vetoing stem cell research legislation and why are Congressmen "REALLY" unable to vote for it and override the veto.

      Answer: Pharma companies are terrified of stem cell therapies and are lobbying hard (campaign contributions to desperate Republicans afraid of 08 elections) to stop this legislation and, luckily for the legislators, they get to use the false shield of 'moral' issue. Pharma companies make their money on chronic, perenial treatment of systems - they NEVER actually attempt to cure a disease (with the exception of cancer and infectious diseases) as this would mean no more revenue from drug sales. This is obvious by visiting PHRMA.org (pharma/chemical drug industry lobbying group) and noting no mention, anywhere of this legislation or stem cells at all. In contrast, BIO.org (biotech/protein-based therapies industry lobbying group) constantly talks about stem cells - although they are silent about legislation since many of the $members rely on treating chronic diseases using protein-based therapies.

      Sadly, the media isn't covering my last point, they never seem to 'follow the money' in reporting on why legislators often vote against all logic (give incinerator-destined embryos to researchers) and claim 'morals'. Funniest, pure hypocracy (sp intentional) thing ever was GWB yesterday during veto, "I made it clear to Congress and to the American people ... Destroying human life in the hopes of saving human life is not ethical." Uh, 600,000+ Iraqi destroyed human lives, of which more than 100,000 were directly at the end of our military gun? What "human life" was saved? And even if you discount the Iraqis as sub-human, which GWB clearly does in a very un-Christian-like w

  3. Therapeutic? by Kingrames · · Score: 3, Funny

    Therapeutic Cloning?

    WTF is that supposed to mean?
    You're cloning yourself... to feel better?
    If you don't feel good, why clone yourself?

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    1. Re:Therapeutic? by niceone · · Score: 4, Funny

      If you don't feel good, why clone yourself?

      To have someone to share the misery with?

    2. Re:Therapeutic? by Kingrames · · Score: 2, Funny

      All you really need to do to get company is to open up a cold can.
      's cheaper than therapeutic cloning, I'd imagine.

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      If you can read this, I forgot to post anonymously.
    3. Re:Therapeutic? by MMC+Monster · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The idea is that: You feel sad because you lost a leg. You have yourself cloned to create a new leg. You transplant the leg from the clone to yourself so you don't feel sad anymore. Providing, of course, that you can convince the clone to give up a leg for you.

      In real life there are more issues (not withstanding the moral issues if the clone is allowed to develop a brain). For instance, we are not purely a product of our genes. Otherwise identical twins would look identical until the moment they both suffered a heart attack and died. If you need a solid organ, it needs to be grown in a viable host. It's likely impossible using current (or near-future) technology to create a viable host that does not have brain activity.

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    4. Re:Therapeutic? by StikyPad · · Score: 2, Funny

      Woohoo, I can start smoking again! I'll just clone me a new lung when these ones go.

  4. Sadly, the monkey clone cells by twitter · · Score: 2, Funny

    can only be used by Monkey boy Steve Ballmer.

    It may one day be possible to do this with human beings. Until then animal testing is in order.

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  5. No WONDER they were having trouble! by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 3, Insightful

    A switch to using polarized light in labwork instead of dye and ultraviolet light traditionally used to identify cell chromosomes may have led to the breakthrough, ...

    So for years the scientists have been finding the chromosomes to transplant by:

      - Flooding the donor cell with a fluorescent dye that bonds to DNA, then

      - Shining ultraviolet light (i.e. ionizing radiation) on the cell, causing the dye to fluoresce (and also dump enough energy into the DNA molecule to break molecular bonds and produce free radicals in the nearby area).

    And then they wondered why, after they transplanted this DNA into the denucleated egg, the resulting cell didn't work right.

    Good grief!

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    1. Re:No WONDER they were having trouble! by RDW · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You've got this backwards - the people working in this field are fully aware of the effect of dye staining and UV on DNA. They don't stain the nucleus of the somatic cell, they stain the nucleus of the egg (to make it easy to get rid of). Supposedly the problem isn't DNA damage, but (perhaps) damage to unspecified 'programming factors' elsewhere in the egg.

  6. Just Wait till It Becomes Profitable by tjstork · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Right now, Republicans are leary of harvesting human clones for parts, and Democrats are all in favor of it, but just wait until someone makes $1 off of it. Then, the tables will turn.

    It's all going to start when someone figures out how to clone men but with giant penises, for easy transplant. Why compete over cars, houses, plots of land and computer upgrades when you can just go buy the real deal? In America, EVERY MAN will be a porn star. There will be billions of dollars made there.

    From there, we'll get on to using human skin and hair for clothing, and human bones as a proxy for ivory. At first, it will be a status symbol. You really could have a lampshade made out of human skin, or even a football for junior or a jacket for the mrs. But soon, with enough venture capital, human clones will be mass produced and harvested like so many sheep, and even more billions will be made.

    Eventually, there will be, within the USA alone, a 200 billion dollar a year industry dedicated to the production, harvest, and manufacturing goods based on harvested clones. At that point, just as you once saw liberals hail the progress of animal antibiotics and industrial farming and then turn to an imaginary better day of all natural organic everything, you'll see liberals lamenting the devaluation of the human body, whereas, conservatives will merely say they are free and supporting consumer demand. Then liberals will eventually say the masses are stupid for supporting a human cloning industry and demand federal action to slow it down or stop it, write thousands of books decrying it, and support an endlessly array of Democratic candidates that promise to reform it but never really do. In the meantime, conservatives will argue the cloning is natural, its our right to do so, and its part of God's plan anyway, and to support their position, they will dredge up every last salamder that can regrow its own tail, every asexually produced thing in nature, and every supporting phrase in the bible. Oh yes, Jesus was very much in favor of harvesting clones, if you know which 4 passages to read.

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    1. Re:Just Wait till It Becomes Profitable by DittoBox · · Score: 2, Funny

      Whoa...Johnny, go take your meds man...

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      Good. Cheap. Fast. Pick Two.
    2. Re:Just Wait till It Becomes Profitable by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2, Insightful
      I hope I'm not making a mistake by taking your post seriously...

      Cloning for parts will not be done by growing a whole new organism and hacking off whatever the originator wants. That would be an abomination that anyone of any political orientation could recognize. What will be done is that (non-embrionic) cells will be encouraged to grow the appropriate tissues or organs, without developing a nervous system. With this sort of technology, only some of the religious nut cases will still insist that a being with a soul is being destroyed. Liberals will scream about prices and want to provide the service free for everybody, but won't complain about the technology itself unless Genetic Modification is involved. Everybody but the loons will be basically happy.

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  7. Let's get serious, by the_kanzure · · Score: 4, Informative

    Five minutes of thoughtful searching brought up useful, important information for anybody willing to take these sciences and technologies seriously. The National Institute of Health (NIH) stem cell page has some paper abstracts as well as listed universities with programs in these United States (and some online resources). Useful sources of information at this bibliography re: human reproductive cloning, at Boston University and this one. CiteSeer popped up the paper on nuclear transfer / human cloning. Apparently there's at least one dedicated research foundation out there.

    Granted, most of these links are preliminary- check those deep databases, like over at PubMed Central, for those detailed reviews of the state of the art. And just for kicks, one last link which (still) impresses me.

  8. Bush's Braincells by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Bush wants you and your people to die without stemcell therapy.

    Of course, he'll get any he wants, from some other country if that's necessary.

    --

    --
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  9. Whew!! by rts008 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Damn good thing I like bananas, and trees, and Tarzan, and especially Jane!

    When the Labcoats attack you, prepare to fling the poo,
    Monkey see...Monkey do(doo)!

    --
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  10. Therapeutic? I want a lover! by davidwr · · Score: 3, Funny

    Oh, give me a clone
    Of my own flesh and bone
    With its Y-chromosome changed to X
    And when it is grown
    Then my own little clone
    Will be of the opposite sex.

    (Chorus)
    Clone, clone of my own,
    With your Y-Chromosome changed to X
    And when I'm alone
    With my own little clone
    We will both think of nothing but sex. -Randall Garrett, additional verses by Isaac Asimov

    Now can anyone accelerate the aging process? By the time she's 18 I could be dead.
    --
    Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
  11. Therapeutic.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Thing is that, e.g. if you were predisposed to get Diabetes (i.e. to show its symptoms) at the age of 30, you'd have to wait 30 years for your clone to share its misery with you. Jokes aside you might need to wait a couple of year until your clone can share his/her kidney with you. A more useful approach would be to grow organs out of stem cells instead of full human beings which would create a host of new problems, e.g. visual identification in case of a crime committed ("It wasn't me! It was my evil twin - erm.. one of them"). Would give a whole new meaning to the "I am Spartacus!" line too ("Goddammit! All you Spartaci look alike! Who's the real one??"). And then there is always the "corrupt government+mad scientist scenario" that strifes to create the perfect clone army...

    I have the feeling though, that there will be no meaningful broad discussion about cloning, eugenics etc. until we see the first liver or kidney farms on TV (or Youtube) at which point it might already be too late.

  12. Therapeutic.....? by IHC+Navistar · · Score: 2, Funny

    Real "Therapeutic Cloning" would be cloning Capt. Janeway and Seven Of Nine for me so I could get massages after long days at work.

    Now *THAT* would be therapeutic!

    --
    Knowing Google's lust for data collection, the Soviet Union is still alive and well inside the psyche of Sergey Brin....
  13. $$$$tem $ell$ by sanman2 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Men want huge penises to whack off with -- who cares how the women feel about it?

    But seriously, most people are superficial, and once stem cells show the ability outperform Botox, plastic surgery, RetinA, monoxidil, Oil of Olay, l'Oreal cosmetics, Ben Gay, etc, then you won't be able to beat the customers off with a stick. (Or even with a big penis to slap them with)

    Women are more insecure about their looks than men. They will kill to get that youthful teenage wrinkle-free skin. They will go to back-alley abortion clinics to harvest embryonic cells from themselves. Adult women will fight to look like teenagers, and teenagers will fight to look like pre-teens.

    Guys will go for athletic enhancements. Cartilage repairs for the rich jocks and their cutting-edge sports doctors. Stem cell injections for the joints, the muscles, the tendons.

    The elderly baby-boom generation will flock to whatever keeps them alive. Cardiac stem cells, brain stem cells, liver stem cells, you name it and they'll be ordering it.

    Whatever people can't get here due to regulation, they'll just go abroad, where the medical services are cheaper anyway.

    Let's face it, this is the next big industry to be in. How can an ordinary guy like me get some crash training on this? Is there an MCSE for Molecular Biology?

  14. I see this as an area of decreasing concern by meregistered · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The recent advance of creating stem cells from skin cells (using embryonic stem cells cultured in the lab from previously collected stem cells) suggests to me that there are a potentially large number of other methods to obtain/generate these cells that does not involve the destruction of viable human embryos.

    I have also found it interesting that embryonic stem cells, apparently, can be taken from umbilical cords and placental cells. Why is this ignored in research (or is it a case of a percentage of researchers focusing on it but media coverage not being made)?

    Using monkey stem cells, if the potential problems can be resolved relating to genome differences, seems like a good approach.

    For those few (one or two if I'm lucky) who are interested in my reasoning:
    It's my opinion that treating potential human lives as a commodity leads the human race to a morally incorrect conclusion: sentient life is only as important as it's medical value to any other sentient life who stand to benefit from said medical value.
    I do not see the use of monkey embryos as a moral affront when used appropriately because monkeys are not sentient. While I believe all life should be revered to a greater or lesser degree I see this reverence being measured by the potential of the individual. Sentient beings have an infinitely greater potential than non-sentient beings.

    My basis for this conclusion/opinion is the universally accepted moral code against the taking of human life. Well universally accepted in non-self destructive cultures.

    Lets not base this belief on religious text or arguments as I do not believe such sources lend themselves well to scientific analysis (although they may have their place as historically being the method of enforcement of moral standards in cultures). From a purely evolutionary perspective I think history provides us decent proof that lack of reverence for the rights, specifically the right of life of human/sentient beings is not a constructive cultural tendency.
    I'm not going to attempt to detail these tendencies but according to what I've read, effectively, cultures tend to become increasingly flippant regarding life prior to that cultures disintegration.
    In fact this can be expanded to include other rights as well. It is my understanding that one of the chief reasons there was not more invention & technological advancement during the golden age of philosophy was the cultural tendency to rely on slaves to perform tasks that required physical labor.
    Because of this cultural weakness those who developed hypotheses failed to carry out experiments because hands on physical labor was required, which, culturally, was a slaves job.

    So my point is:
    Cloning/growing new cells to replace defective, damaged, or missing cells is an excellent end goal. Flippant use of human embryos for this purpose is, in my opinion, a degenerative attitude. Targeted use of human embryos under predefined moral rules for this purpose is acceptable and generation of stem cells from other sources is greatly desirable.

    Research seems to be moving away from flippant use and more toward targeted use under predefined moral rules and toward generation of stem cells from other sources.
    Therefore I am becoming decreasingly less concerned about stem cell research as an issue.

  15. Which would you prefer? by CW+in+NY · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Some one giving the right to create life for the entire purpose of destroying it.

    OR

    Some on rejecting the right to create life for the entire purpose of destroying it, and some doctors doing it anyways?

    Either way, creating life for the sake of destroying it is not moral, in my opinion. I'm not religious in any case, as I'm not a "believer", but as a father of two boys, and a person with respect to choice as well as life, I couldn't give something like this the go-ahead.

    A woman getting pregnant and choosing to not keep the baby is one thing. Being a man I won't ever know what this choice is like, as my body cannot sustain another life inside it.

    Doctors cooking up embryos in a lab, just so they can turn around and destroy them, is something on an entirely different path completely.

  16. an even better current quote by RMH101 · · Score: 3, Insightful
    from http://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/06/21/politics_s tem_cells_veto/

    President Bush has used his veto to kill another bill that would have lifted some of the restrictions on research using human embryonic stem cells.
    The news has been greeted with dismay, but not surprise, by the scientific community.
    In announcing his use of the veto, Bush told reporters: "Destroying human life in the hopes of saving human life is not ethical."

    Um, hello George...presumably it's OK if it's for oil?

  17. because there's no wrong way... by Mipsalawishus · · Score: 2, Funny

    ...to clone a rhesus!!

  18. Re:Oh Great by mh1997 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Let's weaken the gene pool some more. We already have people living to reproductive age with characteristics that 50 years ago nature would have 'selected against'.
    Posts like the one above always make me laugh because the poster always assumes they are part of the strong, smart, or whatever desired characteristic. Take your timeline back 1000 years, maybe your current traits would have been selected against.

    Have you ever gotten sick and taken an antibiotic, required stitches, or maybe have a broken bone in childhood? Then no reproduction for you because you cheated. Those minor health problems today could have killed you if it were not for modern medicine

    Did you ever catch the flu? In 1918 you'd be dead.

    This is also the attitude that corrupts people in power, they think they are better and know more than everyone else.

  19. Re:The President says... by Brad+Eleven · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "Destroying human life in order to save human lives is immoral," said GWB yesterday. I guess he forgot about the present justification for, you know, war.

    How do you ask a blastocyst to be the last one to die for stem cell research? Oh, wait, that's right--they can't hear you. Never mind.

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