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Cryptography To Frustrate Printer-Ink Piracy

Zack Melich writes with news of a new front about to open in the war printer manufacturers wage with cartridge counterfeiters, refillers, and hardware hackers. A San Francisco company, Cryptography Research Inc., is designing a crypto chip to marry cartridges to printers. There's no word so far that any printer manufacturer has committed to using it. Quoting: "The company's chips use cryptography designed to make it harder for printers to use off-brand and counterfeit cartridges. CRI plans to create a secure chip that will allow only certain ink cartridges to communicate with certain printers. CRI also said that the chip will be designed that so large portions of it will have no decipherable structure, a feature that would thwart someone attempting to reverse-engineer the chip by examining it under a microscope to determine how it works. 'You can see 95 percent of the [chip's] grid and you still don't know how it works,' said Kit Rodgers, CRI's vice president of business development. Its chip generates a separate, random code for each ink cartridge, thus requiring a would-be hacker to break every successive cartridge's code to make use of the cartridge."

33 of 305 comments (clear)

  1. Piracy? by Rix · · Score: 5, Insightful

    That's absurd enough when applied to simple copyright infringement, but there's absolutely nothing illegal about after market ink. In fact, these sort of shenanigans should be illegal themselves. Let the printer manufacturers compete fairly.

    1. Re:Piracy? by mrbluze · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That's absurd enough when applied to simple copyright infringement, but there's absolutely nothing illegal about after market ink. In fact, these sort of shenanigans should be illegal themselves. Let the printer manufacturers compete fairly.

      I doubt it will really work. The technique itself will be patented and will come at a cost to printer manufacturers to implement, whereas it will make the printers particularly unattractive to anyone on a budget.

      Everybody, even my grandma, knows that the real cost is in the consumables. People can easily make the calculation, eg: "let me see, I spend $30 more for printer Y but I get to refill, which costs me $15 less each time. Hmmm, what a tricky decision - not!"

      --
      Do it yourself, because no one else will do it yourself. [beta blockade 10-17 Feb]
    2. Re:Piracy? by owlstead · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "I doubt it will really work. The technique itself will be patented and will come at a cost to printer manufacturers to implement, whereas it will make the printers particularly unattractive to anyone on a budget."

      That's wishfull thinking. You can easily make chips for a very small fraction of the price of these cartridges. So much so that any "piracy" that is being stamped out will mean more profit for the original manufacturer.

      Chips in mass production have two mayor cost components: design and die-size. Now I don't know how much IP overhead there will be, but rest assured that the variable costs (related to die-size) will be extremely low. Especially since some of these cardridges tend to already contain electronics.

    3. Re:Piracy? by arekq · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Who said it was illegal?

      The one who use the word "piracy"!

    4. Re:Piracy? by MindKata · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I think this secure chip news is "Cryptography Research Inc" way of drumming up business. They want to sell/licence the chip to printer manufacturers.

      But I think the wider issue is, the continuing attempts to prevent 3rd party printer cartridges, shows blatant violation of antitrust laws.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_antitru st_law/

      Its about time legal action was taken against these companies.

      --
      There are 10 kinds of people in the world... those who understand binary and those who don't.
    5. Re:Piracy? by sdnoob · · Score: 4, Insightful

      >> Please RTFA.....
      >> Who said it was illegal?

      >> They're just trying to minimize profit loss, and I don't blame them.

      well, if printer manufacturers would just sell their hardware (and consumables) at a price that reflects the actual cost to produce (each item type) there would be no lost profits.... this whole 'make the money on ink' is bullshit.

      and besides, isn't this company just wasting their time? "circumventing" restrictions in printer consumables was already ruled to not be a violation of the "it's Digital, Me Copy it Anyway" act? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexmark_Int'l_v._Stat ic_Control_Components

    6. Re:Piracy? by UnrealisticWhample · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But I think the wider issue is, the continuing attempts to prevent 3rd party printer cartridges, shows blatant violation of antitrust laws. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_antitru st_law/ Its about time legal action was taken against these companies.
      Yup. Controlling the aftermarket ink and toner cartridges is a blatant violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.

      Also, the standard practice of scaring consumers into thinking that their warranties are going to be voided by even looking at the refilled cartridges is in direct violation of the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act.

      So, why are things so screwed up? HP, Lexmark, Canon and Epson have much larger legal departments than remanufacturers.
  2. hacked in 3 seconds: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Decided to buy a different printer.

    1. Re:hacked in 3 seconds: by speaker+of+the+truth · · Score: 4, Insightful

      These companies can sell printers at a loss and in bulk, thus making it impossible for their smaller competitors to compete, and make up the difference in printer cartridges. Your average Joe won't look beyond the initial printer sale.

      --
      Using openSUSE instead of Windows since 9th of October, 2007 and liking it.
  3. Defective by Design by saibot834 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It is Defective by Design. Don't buy this stuff

  4. misquoted by BiggerIsBetter · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The company's chips use cryptography designed to make it harder for customers to use off-brand and counterfeit cartridges.

    Fixed that for you.

    --
    Forget thrust, drag, lift and weight. Airplanes fly because of money.
    1. Re:misquoted by haakondahl · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Cryptography To Frustrate Printer-Ink Competition

      Fixed that for ya.

      --
      Don't trust anyone under thirty.
  5. Restricting or Denying Consumers Choice? by jombeewoof · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Sounds like business as usual here in the Corporate States of Amerika.
    That's like saying I can only use Dodge Brand gas in my car, and my wife could only use Toyota.

    --
    Linux Zealots: Smarter than Mac Zealots, but still zealots.
  6. Cryptography instead of Quality by haakondahl · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I hope any printer manufacturer engaging in this sort of anti-competitive skullduggery is punished HARD in the marketplace. I do not want the manufacturer of anything I buy encrypting it so that I cannot use MY possession as I wish. With all due respect to the special problem of digitized Intellectual Property and other reproducibles, I do not want my car-maker to lock me into only using their strangely constructed non-interchangeable tires and wheels UNLESS as in the case of say, a Corvette or other exotic, there is a compelling QUALITY interest.

    I bought an EPSON CX 5200 and it turned out to be a lemon. There was no fix, no refund, it just sucked after about a year. It was a hundred-dollar Jackson Pollock(sp?) machine, and the reason was that the experimental ink cartridge design was crap. My printer would work just fine if the business model were not to use cheap printers to lock you into expensive ink cartridges. My printer would print, if that were the goal of the printer-makers.

    I will never buy another EPSON, and I'm glad to say so to so many people. Unless, of course, they were to come out against this encryption nonsense.

    --
    Don't trust anyone under thirty.
  7. RIAA and Epson in the same tree by eebra82 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Here we go again. "Official" printer ink is more expensive than heroin, but instead of competitive pricing, they go hand in hand with RIAA's marketing folks (read: more competition equals pricier products).

    If they had ink cartridges with aggressive pricing in the first place, people would buy the factory-made ink simply because it would sound like a safe choice. At least I would.

  8. Re:The truth isn't quite out there yet... by imsabbel · · Score: 3, Informative

    Vintage champaign? stop dreaming

    Currently, the ink of some printers is going above 10% of the price of gold per gram.

    --
    HI O WISE PRINCE. WHT TOOK U SO DAM LONG?
  9. Re:This has been tried Before by jombeewoof · · Score: 3, Funny

    I could only imagine the results of this lawsuit were before congress openly sold laws to the highest bidder.

    see keyword openly.

    --
    Linux Zealots: Smarter than Mac Zealots, but still zealots.
  10. Details... by Lonewolf666 · · Score: 4, Informative

    * AFAIK, making wasteful products is not illegal.

    * The antitrust argument might have some merit, but I'm not sure if it is good enough to take to court.

    * Finally, I've found a case about DMCA and printer cartridges that has already be decided in court:
    http://www.eff.org/legal/cases/Lexmark_v_Static_Co ntrol/20041026_Ruling.pdf
    Here, Lexmark failed with a lawsuit against a company that reverse engineered its cartridges.

    --
    C - the footgun of programming languages
  11. Re:This has been tried Before by jombeewoof · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Most certainly, but it seems to be almost cyclical.

    1. Corruption becomes out of control
    2. Profit!!
    3. Locals get pissed, get corruption back to acceptable levels.
    4. Locals become complacent, stop keeping their good eye on officials
    5. Corruption becomes out of control
    6. Profit!!

    I'm no genius but, I can see a slight pattern developing here.

    --
    Linux Zealots: Smarter than Mac Zealots, but still zealots.
  12. Cryptography Research Inc And Sony In Alliance by im+just+cannonfodder · · Score: 5, Informative

    http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20070628-cryp tography-company-develops-chip-to-lock-out-third-p arty-ink-jet-cartridges.html
    Cryptography Research Inc are also working on blu-ray BD+, the security on new blu-ray discs that will have features like:

    1: expiring discs. so the media you own will need continued licence renewals to enable you to use it.
    2: the ability for studios to remote disable drives permanently if yours or a line is found to be hacked/venerable.
    3. usage reports to the studios of your hardware, including your location and serial number used in the fight against piracy.

    http://yahoo.businessweek.com/technology/content/m ay2006/tc20060526_680075.htm
    http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20070620-blu- ray-content-protection-agency-certifies-bd.html

  13. Be careful, I wil buy another NEW printer by what+about · · Score: 3, Interesting

    From the customer point of view, it is not silly, can be called wasteful, but it is economic sound

    This is what I did when the four cartridges for my laserjet 2600n did cost more than a new printer

    Really, I did buy a second printer since overall I was saving 50Euros over buying the for cartridges...

    When they run out I will buy something else (more linux compatible)

    What makes me sad is that it is quite difficult for manufactures to actually "convince" a customer that a more expensive printer with a cheaper "refill" is worthwhile.

    Maybe they should have a simple page that says "total costo over a year", where you input how many pages you plan to print and it will compare a printer against the others. This would be good for the environment, and the customers, less for sneaky companies that tends to mess up with advertising

    1. Re:Be careful, I wil buy another NEW printer by Technician · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Maybe they should have a simple page that says "total costo over a year", where you input how many pages you plan to print and it will compare a printer against the others.

      The manufactures fudge the numbers if they are published at all. Case in point, my old HP 722c printer used a large color cartridge. They came out with a newer 950c printer. You had a choice of the half full cartridge (at the same price point as the old 722 cart) or the high capacity cart for almost double the price. They touted the new cart as a bargain because it printed oh so many more pages and at higher quality.

      I checked online... The first thing I noticed in the fine print is the comparison of apples and oranges.

      The page count for the 722c printer is based on 15% page coverage. The page count for the 950c cart is based on 5% page coverage.

      It's not that hard to adjust the 722c's page count based on using 1/3rd the ink for 5% coverage instead of 15% coverage. If I didn't pay attention to the details, I may have missed it. Needless to say, the newer 950c became a spare printer while I ran the 722c to the point the belt broke. The replacement belt is under the price of one cart for the 950c. My only problem is the color carts for the 722 are getting harder to find.

      Due to the price of ink and the reduced price of photo prints, I no longer print photos at home. The printer manufactures have priced themselves out of the market and left the market wide open for photofnishers to take the market. With all the digital cameras out there, the printer manufactures are leaving lots of ink and photo paper unsold.

      With the high cost of ink, many are very stingy with full color prints.

      --
      The truth shall set you free!
  14. What the hell has happened to the printer market? by QuatermassX · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I really don't understand the economics and consumer dynamics around the printer market these days. Surely printer technology has reached a plateau for most normal people? Is that why some corporate madman decided to adopt a blades and razors approach to the consumer printing market? I know it's been a fixture of the corporate colour copier / printer market for a long while now ... but ... why not just charge the correct price for the printer and the consumables?

    A what the hell are people printing so damn much of that the consumables business is sooooo lucrative?

    I've never been all that into generating large reams of paper at home. For my day job, I print documentation, reports, manuscripts, etc at the office and lug it home when I want a hard copy of something I'm editing online.

    For my photography, I send files to a lab and have my images printed. I've considered printing at home - but I would expect archival inks and decent papers to be pricey. I really don't know why I'd want to keep a printer in a corner of my room waiting for those three or four colour 4x5's that I just HAVE to print then and there - and which can't wait for Apple / Kodak / Peak Imaging to deliver to my door in a couple of days. Surely iPhoto or Picasa is a hell of a lot simpler than fiddling with inkjet printers?

    When I was writing more long-form pieces, I had a Brother laser printer. Cost me $100 at the time and I could print books without running out of toner. The cartridges weren't that cheap, but it took a nice long while before I had to change them out.

    Surely it makes sense for most people just to send their photos off to be printed and to keep a cheap laser printer around for text?

  15. Off-topic my ass... he hit the damned nail! by macraig · · Score: 5, Interesting

    He hit the damned nail on the head, you idiot anonymous mod. How is this NOT "digital rights management"?

    This firm has designed hardware/firmware that would let printer manufacturers digitally restrict your use of their product, i.e. the printer, by preventing OEMs from making alternative cartridges and you from having choices. Isn't that rights management? If a competitor actually succeeded in creating a knockoff, you'd see a repeat of the stunt Lexmark pulled with toner cartridges: they'd sue in court under the provisions of the DMCA. In this case, this sleazebag Cryptography Research would no doubt jump in with a patent infringement suit, as well.

    It's bad enough that average people are such a complete disappointment; when I see people here mod like that, even Slashdot disappoints me.

  16. Nice business plan ... by haraldm · · Score: 4, Insightful

    ... for the "pirates". Since this is going to make "official" ink cartridges more expensive, this will firstly raise the "pirates"' revenues, making it more rewarding to produce counterfeit cartridges to begin with. Duh. Each time in history, when something was forbidden or made illegal, the criminals made more money, like during prohibition in the 30s. As soon as the prohibition was cancelled, the alcohol mafia gangs had to look for different businesses. When will people learn.

    --
    open (SIG, "</dev/zero"); $sig = <SIG>; close SIG;
  17. Re:Anti trust? by Yvanhoe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Anyway, reverse engineering for compatibility purpose is protected by law in several European countries but you know, when we try to make a law to force compatibility between devices, this is dubbed a "anti-iPod, anti-Apple" law...

    --
    The Wise adapts himself to the world. The Fool adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the Fool.
  18. With Canon, empty != empty by BillGatesLoveChild · · Score: 3, Informative

    Printer Companies are getting worse at this. My Canon Laser Printer locked up because the 'toner had exceeded it's lifetime'. Note the weasel words. Quite different from being out of toner! I had been using Toner Saver mode so expected a higher page couut, but nope, after I printed the predetermined number of pages it went into lockdown and refused to print anything more. The cartridge still has toner in it, a fair bit by the sounds of it, but a smartchip detects it being reinserted. Buy a new one. Others report on the web that Canon cartridges typically have 10-20% toner in them when they "reach their lifetime."

    The message claims that continuing to use the printer would damage it. Rubbish. Remember laser printers and photo copies before the DMCA allowed this smart chip chikanery? They'd get faint, and you'd replace the toner, and all would be ok.

    Will your printer do this? It's hard to tell, because reviewers don't print enough pages to find out. This isn't declared anywhere on the advertising material. It's unethical on Canon's part, and should be illegal. But as we saw with the Sony Rootkit, big companies can break the law on a whim and not get prosecuted.

  19. Lexmark tried it by DrSkwid · · Score: 3, Informative
    --
    There are places where the networks are not touching,and there are places where they are-Boeing's Lori Gunter
  20. Could we please drop the phrase *right now* by Qbertino · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Could we please drop the phrase 'printer-ink piracy' and the concept of whatever the f*ck it's supposed to mean right now! Thank you.

    --
    We suffer more in our imagination than in reality. - Seneca
  21. Re:This has been tried Before by tryptych · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Hewlett Packard "chips a number of their cartridges. I know one major ink-refill franchise that has a device to override the electronics. Basically, it just fries the chip, and the printer doesn't recognise it has been refilled.

    --
    "I like to skate on the other side of the ice"
  22. This has already been outlawed in the US by gelfling · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Epson and Lexmark both lost class action suits brought against them for building technical blocs in thier hardware which would lock out 3rd party ink carts. And if the printer companies think they would survive a concerted effort by Indian and Chinese vendors to replace them in the home/SOHO market they are smoking the same weed that the RIAA uses. So I say let them try. They will see that market dry up.

  23. HP Does this already ... by robpoe · · Score: 3, Informative

    On some of the HP Lasers we have @ the office, they have a little chip affixed to the toner cartridge. If the chip isn't there, the printer won't function. Even though the cartridge is identical to one of the lesser models, you have to have the chip or the printer will NOT function.

    Our re-filler got a bunch of chips from somewhere, but none of them worked. We found that if we pulled the chip off the old toner cartridge and put it on the new one, it worked just dandy..

    --
    = Grow a brain...
  24. Support Kodak and change the market by grapeape · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Kodak has priced their new printers a bit higher than the competition, but include the print head in the printer so cartridge costs are much lower ($10 black cartridge, $15 5-color cartridge). Yes the ink prices are still higher than they should be but they are much closer in line with reality.