Slashdot Mirror


Google Planning New Undersea Cable Across Pacific?

tregetour writes "Google is planning a multi-terabit undersea communications cable across the Pacific Ocean for launch in 2009, Communications Day reports: 'Google would not strictly confirm or deny the existence of the Unity plan today, with spokesman Barry Schnitt telling our North American correspondent Patrick Neighly that "Additional infrastructure for the Internet is good for users and there are a number of proposals to add a Pacific submarine cable. We're not commenting on any of these plans." However, Communications Day understands that Unity would see Google join with other carriers to build a new multi-terabit cable. Google would get access to a fibre pair at build cost handing it a tremendous cost advantage over rivals such as MSN and Yahoo, and also potentially enabling it to peer with Asia ISPs behind their international gateways — considerably improving the affordability of Internet services across Asia Pacific.'"

43 of 144 comments (clear)

  1. evesdropping requirements by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    So will the NSA tap it at the google datacenter with their permission ala AT&T or will the Navy have to tap it will one of those fancy subs we keep hearing about that lifts the cable off the seabed and can splice without interruption?

    Because you know there's no way "homeland security" is letting that happen without monitoring.

    You know with these kinds of resources, if Google ever did turn evil, we'd never figure it out until it was far too late...

    1. Re:evesdropping requirements by $RANDOMLUSER · · Score: 4, Informative

      ...can splice without interruption...
      For copper, sure, but not with fiber optics.
      --
      No folly is more costly than the folly of intolerant idealism. - Winston Churchill
    2. Re:evesdropping requirements by AHuxley · · Score: 4, Informative
      Its already set up via the NSA's Kunia Regional Security Operations Center in Hawaii.
      NZ, Australia, Japan and now something extra in Hawaii. Asia is now so tapped.
      Google is of no interest, the NSA can tap at any point they want.

      http://cryptome.org/google/kunia-us.htm

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    3. Re:evesdropping requirements by Iphtashu+Fitz · · Score: 4, Informative

      Considering that the US Navy in conjunction with the CIA was tapping Soviet copper phone cables as far back as the 1970's I wouldn't find it all that unlikely that they now have the technology to tap fiber cables. Yes, I know that splicing into fiber is extremely difficult in the best of situations, but if braniacs could figure out how to locate and tap underwater copper cables almost 30-40 years ago then I wouldn't hold it against modern-day braniacs to figure out a way to tap fiber cables in this day and age.

    4. Re:evesdropping requirements by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      but if braniacs could figure out how to locate and tap underwater copper cables almost 30-40 years ago
      I don't think I saw that eposide?

    5. Re:evesdropping requirements by CastrTroy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Why not just take responsibility for your own data and encrypt it yourself. Would you really trust that they were really encrypting it, and not leaving any back doors for the government, or the mafia? The solution is simple. If you're worried about them tapping the cable, then just encrypt your data end-to-end.

      --

      Anthropic principle: We see the universe the way it is because if it were different we would not be here to see it.
    6. Re:evesdropping requirements by smallfries · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Splicing is not actually necessary. No cable has perfect internal reflection and so some light escapes naturally. A tap can sample this light without disrupting the cable, or being detectable. There was also a method a few years ago that involved encasing the cable in something that reduces the refractive index of the glass at the boundary and so allows the signal to be read - but this can be detected by the network operator. Newer methods are undetectable.

      --
      Slashdot: where don knuth is an idiot because he cant grasp the awesome power of php
    7. Re:evesdropping requirements by sentientbeing · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Theres no need to damage the fibre to tap it. Just create a small tight bend and allow some of the light to leak out:

      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DvaubDDbss

      --

      ------
      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
    8. Re:evesdropping requirements by DDLKermit007 · · Score: 2, Informative

      At which point the owner notices a drop in signal quality. That video is a scare piece (hell it's a fucking marketing piece for a company who wants to sell their hardware encryption tech). Their caveat that gives it away is "unless there is equipment is in place to check for signal degradation". You flatly do NOT setup a fiber system, not to mention one as big as what Google is debating without the proper equipment. Hell, you really don't even need equipment. Just software to check for degraded data.

  2. Do no evil .... by B5_geek · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ...And allowing it to (dis)allow oppressive governments to continue to block/monitor Internet access.

    This may have been a brilliant move on Googles' part. Fully cooperate with the Chinese governments' "Great Firewall" until they could put themselves in a position to undermine that authority.

    --
    "The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men." ~Plato (427-347 BC)
    1. Re:Do no evil .... by ChronosWS · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I assure you the Chinese government doesn't suddenly have less authority because Google has fiber in the Pacific.

  3. Great? by moehoward · · Score: 2, Interesting


    I think it is great if it is true. I like the redundancy plan. But, since they don't specify the route, I am very skeptical. On the other hand, who am I to talk. I have never put a job opening on Monster looking for a "submarine cable negotiator." That is frickin' hilarious.

    Me? I would go up through Alaska, through Russia via the Bering Sea. Cap'n Sig would do most of the work for me on the Northwestern. I would avoid doing a Portland-to-Tokyo route because of the ring-o-fire thingy.

    I fell in to a burning ring of fire, I went down,down,down and the flames went higher. And my mod went lower.

    --
    "If you want to improve, be content to be thought foolish and stupid." - Epictetus
    1. Re:Great? by Dachannien · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Me? I would go up through Alaska, through Russia via the Bering Sea. Cap'n Sig would do most of the work for me on the Northwestern. I would avoid doing a Portland-to-Tokyo route because of the ring-o-fire thingy.

      It's amusing that you would mention that, because the first transatlantic telegraph cable (well... the first project - there were a few abortive attempts as well as some attempts that stopped working soon after completion) was in direct competition with a "do it the long way" overland route via Russia that was being built by Western Union. The first long-lasting undersea cable eventually finished the race first in 1866, and the Western Union attempt was abandoned the next year.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transatlantic_telegraph_cable
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Union_Telegraph_Expedition

    2. Re:Great? by Dachannien · · Score: 2, Funny

      I guess that'll give the cockroaches someplace to stand.

  4. What about the cost of US internet? by ejito · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why are we trying to reduce the cost of Asian providers when the US' is still overpriced, unreliable, and underserved?

    Last time I checked, Japan and SK had amazing speeds (10-100mbit) for very affordable prices. It's still a matter of government intervention, not corporate meddling.

    1. Re:What about the cost of US internet? by thatskinnyguy · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It's still a matter of corporate intervention, not government meddling and regulations. There. Fixed it!
      --
      The game.
    2. Re:What about the cost of US internet? by KrancHammer · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's still a matter of government intervention, not corporate meddling.

      Geez. You managed to distill leftist philosophy into one sentence. That's impressive. South Korea and Japan's impressive availability is a matter of advantageous population distribution and relatively low cost of infrastructure because of that distribution. This situation will never, ever happen in the U.S., even if politicians try to wave magic Government-Issued wands.

      --
      Trolls: The high-tech version of those morons that scrawl obscenities in public bathrooms.
    3. Re:What about the cost of US internet? by ScrewMaster · · Score: 3, Interesting

      This situation will never, ever happen in the U.S., even if politicians try to wave magic Government-Issued wands.

      Yes and no.

      The Feds, over the past decade, did wave such a magic card at the Telcos and the billions of dollars that were inside that card that were supposed to be used for such a buildout just vanished. Gone. Never to be seen again. "Information superhighway" my ass.

      So the situation could obtain in the U.S. but only if we remove a major stumbling block: the major ISP themselves. Believe me, the investment capital would be available if the people willing to put up the money knew that they would receive a return on that investment. Interestingly, Google is investing heavily in infrastructure, but they're not giving it to the incumbents. They know better than anyone that it would be a waste of money.

      --
      The higher the technology, the sharper that two-edged sword.
    4. Re:What about the cost of US internet? by jollyreaper · · Score: 2, Funny

      The Feds, over the past decade, did wave such a magic card at the Telcos and the billions of dollars that were inside that card that were supposed to be used for such a buildout just vanished. Gone. Never to be seen again. "Information superhighway" my ass. Boy, I sure am glad we have that grand and august institution, the US Congress, to investigate such matters and bring justice for the people. Surely this will be at the forefront of their agenda, right after condemning political organizations for exercising their free speech and rubber-stamping war budget requests. Gentlemen, we are in good hands.
      --
      Kwisatz Haderach
      Sell the spice to CHOAM
      This Mahdi took Shaddam's Throne
    5. Re:What about the cost of US internet? by haulbag · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Although it is really entertaining to read all of these conspiracy theories, they really have no basis in fact or common telecom practice. I have been in the telecom business for 15 years, and this is just one of many such deals that happen every few years. For example, check out Global Crossing's international crossings on their network map.

      This deal has nothing to do with making Internet access cheaper for anyone. What it is about is the ability to capture significant revenue by owning the transmission pipe. It is often the case that a consortium of telecom companies go in together on the cost of a new telecom crossing. Based on how much they pay, they purchase a certain number of fiber pairs.

      The whole idea is that by owning the physical facilities, you can put optics on the end that enable you to have almost unlimited bandwidth. You can open as many wavelengths (a.k.a windows) as you have the technology for, and sell those wavelengths, or portions of them, to other carriers for a much higher price than your base cost. Most of these wavelengths are sold based on an IRU agreement (Irrefutable Right of Use) to other carriers for a specific number of years.

      In Google's case, I would say that their motivation would be to enable cost savings. If you own the fiber pairs, you don't have to pay way more to buy a wavelength IRU or a private line. This does not really appreciably increase the amount of bandwidth available to the world, because there is really an over-abundance of capacity as it is.

      Another strategic reason to invest in the fiber would be to bypass the PTT (Post Telegraph and Telephone) monopoly in that country. That enables you to connect directly to a competitive carrier in the foreign country and reduce your cost per minute for terminating phone calls to the PSTN in that country. Without bypassing the PTT, you are stuck with the ITU negotiated settlement rates, which are much higher in cost. So Google could use some of the windows on this fiber to send voice traffic cheaper. If you are expecting billions of minutes, this makes sense as a cost savings.

      This really has nothing to do with direct bandwidth available to Asian customers, but it could help reduce latency for ISPs in Asian countries if they interconnect with Google directly to pass packets destined to Google. That would cut out several router hops and would therefore speed transmission.

      If Google wants to, they could also provide IP transport to ISPs who want to connect to US-based Net sites. If they really want to act like a carrier, that's a no-brainer. Most likely there will be a significant portion of the traffic that is headed in one way or the other (probably toward the US), so Google could at least sell the extra capacity going the other direction.

  5. Sounds good by The+Famous+Brett+Wat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As I understand it, Australia (and probably everyone else, for that matter) has been getting reamed by the USA as regards Internet peering arrangements. Bandwidth costs have always been higher here, and it's not all to do with a lack of local competition, although that used to be a credible story back when Telstra was charging twenty cents a megabyte for permanent dial-up connectivity. These days the economic pressure is mostly conspicuous for the fact that local hosting services are so expensive. If Google busts up that cosy little oligopoly, I'll love them to bits for it. To gigabits, even. (Sorry. Preemptive pun. Someone had to do it.)

    Is this a part of Google's answer to the whole carrier sabre-rattling about non-neutrality and wanting a slice of Google's profits? There's no better way to ensure fair treatment than to provide your own infrastructure. Is this Google's way of saying to the carriers, "get over it, guys -- bandwidth is a fricken commodity now, and we're going to compete with you to make it so, so kiss your old monopoly profits goodbye." There's a high barrier to entry in this market, and you'd be mad to buy your way in only to compete all the profits out of it -- unless you happen to be a major consumer of bandwidth yourself, like Google.

    Must... not... get... hopes... up...

    --
    proof, n. A demonstration that a conclusion is implied by certain premises and axioms.
    1. Re:Sounds good by SQL+Error · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Bandwidth costs have always been higher here, and it's not all to do with a lack of local competition, although that used to be a credible story back when Telstra was charging twenty cents a megabyte for permanent dial-up connectivity.
      In 1997, Telstra were charging 19.5c per MB. In 2007:

      Additional usage charged at $0.15/MB, apart from members on the BigPond Liberty plans.
      Telstra are a bunch of thieves.
  6. Africa by pilsner.urquell · · Score: 3, Interesting

    What about Africa? This is a continent that needs Internet access more than any other and a new undersea cable is embroiled in bitter political animosity IMHO Google could generate a lot of good will for itself focusing in the area that needs the most attention.

    1. Re:Africa by LineGrunt · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Why not Africa?

      Because businesses function on making money, not just fulfilling "needs."

      Undersea cables are hideously expensive and the company putting one in _needs_ to have a reasonable chance of recouping those costs.

      While Africa may "need" internet, the fact that companies aren't already in a race to provide Africa with internet is a de-facto signal that multiple companies don't think they have a business case to provide it.

      I need a "Ferrari" but the business community isn't in a hurry to provide ME with one either.

  7. Nice by imsabbel · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Now they wont even have to run their spiders anymore, nor use gmail to create targeted ads.
    They will just snoop everybodies traffic....

    --
    HI O WISE PRINCE. WHT TOOK U SO DAM LONG?
  8. One way to achieve Net Neutrality... by weav · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I guess that's one way to achieve net neutrality. Now they just need to run their own backbone to every major peering point and ISP in the rest of the world...

  9. Re:Submarine cables? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    >Submarine's run on cables?!

    Submarine means "under water", you subliterate.

  10. Re:Intercept light without interruption by AHuxley · · Score: 2, Interesting

    In the US and its helper countries, they just get rack space where needed.
    So the best way is to get as much of the worlds data moving via NSA friendly countries.
    For everything else, there's the USS Jimmy Carter to bend the fiber.

    --
    Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
  11. They are buying one fiber pair by mbone · · Score: 5, Informative

    Don't get the vapors, everyone. Google is buying one fiber pair. This will lower their costs, but only that. There will be, what, 200+ fiber pairs in that cable. There will be some to go around if anyone else wants to pony up.

    As for "considerably improving the affordability of Internet services across Asia Pacific,'" I don't follow that at all. Google doesn't sell transit. The new cable might do that, but not because of Google - because real ISPs will get other fiber pairs and use them to sell transit.

    Next, we'll get articles about how Google's corporate jets will revolutionize air transport in North America ! (At least, for Google execs.)

    1. Re:They are buying one fiber pair by bridson · · Score: 2, Informative

      > There will be, what, 200+ fiber pairs in that cable.

      Actually modern submarine fibre-optic cables usually contain four or less fibres. The massive traffic capacity is provided by multiplexing wavelengths down the same fibres. A modern terminal can typically handle up to 192 wavelengths @ 10Gbps (hence the multiterabit capacity).

      Therefire ownership of a complete fibre pair in one of these things is a significant investment!

      http://www.alcatel-lucent/submarine

    2. Re:They are buying one fiber pair by thogard · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The new long haul stuff means you don't need under sea repeaters at all if you stick to the Pacific rim and avoid Hawaii. Under sea fiber armored fiber runs about $7/m but the repeaters run about $1 million each which is why there tends to be only one or two pair used. When you can reduce the undersea infrastructure costs from about $2 billion the old way to $200m using on land repeaters, the ROI make sense for many major data users.

  12. Re:why is this better than satellite upload/downlo by rs79 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If any stupid net.neutrality laws get passed it gives the goog bargining power. "oh hello data pipe operator. Want to peer with us? We have Asia. We'll trade you for unfettered access to the americas"

    fibre is currency in this century.

    --
    Need Mercedes parts ?
  13. New Google Hire by geek2718 · · Score: 2, Funny

    When did Google hire Randy Waterhouse?

  14. Wikipedia article - Submarine Communications Cable by fejikso · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I was prompted me to look at the wikipedia and found this interesting article:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable

    I particularly found very interesting the map with all the undersea cables in the world. Pretty cool.

  15. ZOMG! They're going to do it! by Quiet_Desperation · · Score: 2, Funny

    They're going to build Rapture under the sea!

  16. Re:Why can't the USA get decent Internet by Zymergy · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As an Oklahoma resident, feel lucky if you even get DSL. Until Real Competition occurs, there will be no decent high-speed Internet in most areas outside medium cities. If a small town/rural Oklahoma region has even slow DSL, it is probably because the Law States they must have it order to be the telco monopoly in that area, etc... Though the phone company may claim service is available in my RURAL area, bridge-taps galore and 1970's equipment/wiring make this a non-reality. So.... I got a HAM Radio license, Bought 2 towers and 2 TR-6000 radios (http://www.tranzeo.com/products/radios/TR-6000-Series) with 2 high-gain directional dish antennas and 2 bi-directional amplifiers. Thanks to a strategically purchased rental property IN TOWN ON A HILL, I bridge the connection from its DSL to my home. Normally, the Amps are extreme overkill, but I live in the middle of the Greenbelt of Oklahoma (think dense 30-40ft. Oak Trees) and the Fresnel Zones (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_zone) are a real bitch with tree leaves. Works like a champ. Why not Satellite, AWFUL Latency and VERY HIGH Prices!

  17. Google an NSA front ... by AHumbleOpinion · · Score: 3, Funny

    You are assuming that google is not an NSA front. Think about it, they monitor and record your web browsing habits, your travel plans, they scan your email, they want you to use their online word processor, ... That wanting to know everything about you and your behaviors and interests for the purpose of directed commercial advertising is a beautiful front. ;-)

  18. Google operates at pleasure of Chinese government by AHumbleOpinion · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This may have been a brilliant move on Googles' part. Fully cooperate with the Chinese governments' "Great Firewall" until they could put themselves in a position to undermine that authority.

    The Google office, all the data it collected on Chinese individuals, and one end of that cable all exist in Chinese territory. Google operates at the pleasure of the Chinese government. The day Google attempts to move against that government is the day all Google's property and data becomes property of the government and Google's employees are arrested.

  19. Re:Wikipedia article - Submarine Communications Ca by c_forq · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Something is fishy about that map. On the West side there are 5 lines headed towards Asia, but on the Asian side there are only 2 lines coming in from the East. Do we have 3 cables only going to the mid-pacific? Also there is no explanation for the blue lines and the dotted line, what do these signify?

    --
    Computers allow humans to make mistakes at the fastest speeds known, with the possible exception of tequila and handguns
  20. Neal Stephenson article on cable laying by Rick+Bentley · · Score: 3, Informative

    Neal Stephenson did an article for Wired on the laying of global fiber optic cable about a decade ago. It's a long read but a good one (kind of like Snow Crash was). He travels around the world following the laying of FLAG (Fiber Link Around the Globe). He covers everything from laying the cable, to the landing points, to over-land connections, to telco monopolies, to everything else. If you're a geek and into submarine cable laying, then the article below is almost required reading. http://econ161.berkeley.edu/OpEd/virtual/stephenson.html

    --
    My favorite quote doesn't fit into 120 characters. Now no one will like me.
  21. Re:Wikipedia article - Submarine Communications Ca by soliptic · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Don't miss this:

    http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.12/ffglass_pr.html

    It was posted (here I think) on a previous related story, it's very long, and I would not have expected to find the subject interesting, but the article makes it fascinating and very readable.

  22. Re:The googlopoly by rjamestaylor · · Score: 2, Funny

    if your slashdot id was higher than mine I would have bowed in aquiescence, but sine it is not, FUCK YOU! :-) Live and learn.

    --
    -- @rjamestaylor on Ello
  23. Re:Google's Australian datacenter? by BoiseAlf · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Depends where you are. When I resolve www.google.com, www.google.co.uk, and www.google.co.jp I get one of three IPs for them all: Name: www.l.google.com Address: 64.233.167.104 Name: www.l.google.com Address: 64.233.167.147 Name: www.l.google.com Address: 64.233.167.99 These are all in the Chicago area. My ISP is an upstream provider of theirs - I jump right from my ISP's network to Google. I suspect they resolve DNS based on the requestor's IP and give an IP geographically close - or maybe they factor in BGP hops...