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Reversing Undesirable Fish Evolution

TaeKwonDood writes "Your granddad's approach to fishing — throw the little 'uns back — may have hurt their evolution, but we can reverse that, says a group of researchers, with a change of policy. Fish have been 'reprogramming' themselves to be smaller and live longer. Welcome to evolutionary dynamics, Lamarck. But, no, they are serious. And it can be fixed within 12 generations. What do the smart people out there think about this? Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?"

216 comments

  1. Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    What do the smart people out there think about this? Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?

    Of course not! Hollywood would be proud!

    Oh, and they can get it down to 6 generations if they reroute the power from the main EPS conduits through the deflector dish in order to create a reversed polarity tachyon field. The tachyons will interact with the quantum state of the fish at a subatomic level, forcing them to grow larger. Sort of like inflating a balloon. With tachyons.

    1. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      You're forgetting that that would cause a disruption of the protein harmonic stabilizing field causing a reversal of the space-time continuum!

    2. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Details, details. So the universe gets turned inside out and dinosaurs stomp the earth again. You want bigger fish or not?

    3. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      They can do it in one generation, just crossbreed them with pigs. Taste of fish will greatly improve too!

    4. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Mmmmm....fork, or pish!

    5. Re:Evolution by pxlmusic · · Score: 2, Funny

      i can't decide if that sounds tasty or disgusting. /paging Dr. Mephisto

      --
      "If for any reason you're not satisfied with our service, I hate you."
    6. Re:Evolution by mrdoogee · · Score: 3, Funny

      No, as long as we reconfigure the graviton emitters to release an inverse gravametric pulse, the effects should be minimal.

      --
      Fry: Like a balloon... and something bad happens!

    7. Re:Evolution by Behrooz · · Score: 1

      Oh great. Now we're going to start getting "B1GG3R F1SH 4 U" spam and the world's gonna end in dinosaur feet.

      --
      "We have to go forth and crush every world view that doesn't believe in tolerance and free speech." - David Brin
    8. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You can tell that your a geek when you can actually understand what you guys wrote and the episodes that they say those quotes in.

    9. Re:Evolution by treeves · · Score: 1

      Mmmm... bacon-wrapped salmon steaks!
      Or, mackerel-flavored sausage. On second thought...

      --
      ...the future crusty old bastards are already drinking the Kool-Aid.
    10. Re:Evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > You're forgetting that that would cause a disruption of the protein harmonic stabilizing field causing a reversal of the space-time continuum!

      And thus benjamin button was born!

  2. Clear example of directional selection... by interactive_civilian · · Score: 5, Informative

    Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?

    Nope. It seems correct to this biology teacher. This is a clear case of directional selection. Keep eliminating the larger fish and the median size of fish in the population will be smaller. So, by taking the large ones, we are selecting against them and for smaller fish and juveniles. If, over time the frequencies of the alleles for large and small change in the population, then we have, by definition, evolution.

    What makes you think this wouldn't be an example of evolution?

    --
    "Empathise with stupidity, and you're halfway to thinking like an idiot." - Iain M. Banks
    1. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?

      What makes you think this wouldn't be an example of evolution?

      Mostly the desire to be a self-righteous pedant and ask Slashdot armchair biologists to weigh in and overrule a group of university researchers.

    2. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by wizardforce · · Score: 3, Insightful

      how about this bit from the summery?

      throw the little 'uns back â" may have hurt their evolution, but we can reverse that

      *cringe* evolution is not a step ladder! If the fish are adapting genetically with the result being more offspring than they would otherwise then it is evolution regardless of humanity's shallow view of what it means to "evolve in a positive direction" or that just because those fish didn't evolve the way we would have liked that it somehow means that it "hurt their evolution."

      --
      Sigs are too short to say anything truly profound so read the above post instead.
    3. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by guyminuslife · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I do wonder if the poster actually read the article. It uses the word "reprogrammed" once, as a metaphor, and it's not the fish "reprogramming themselves," it's the selective harvesting.

      I'm beginning to wonder if it's worth it to come here if the blurbs misrepresent the articles so badly.

      --
      I don't believe in time. It's a grand conspiracy designed to sell watches.
    4. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by wizardforce · · Score: 4, Insightful

      of course there are actual biologists who read slashdot that don't think highly of evolution being thought of in terms of a ladder but rather fitness and genetic change over time in order to maximize the chances that organisms can and do reproduce. the summery did a poor job of phrasing what the researchers actually said on the matter calling it "bad for their evolution" in contrast to being "undesirable [from humanity's perspective] evolution" for which the latter is far more accurate and the former.

      --
      Sigs are too short to say anything truly profound so read the above post instead.
    5. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by wizardforce · · Score: 2, Informative

      I'm beginning to wonder if it's worth it to come here if the blurbs misrepresent the articles so badly.

      well yeah, the summeries on slashdot can be pretty bad but there's two redeeming features about all of this: the article [when it is relevant] and the discussion about said article and potentially about said summery. And the mod points...

      --
      Sigs are too short to say anything truly profound so read the above post instead.
    6. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by TapeCutter · · Score: 2, Informative

      "I'm beginning to wonder if it's worth it to come here if the blurbs misrepresent the articles so badly."

      I see you are new here, the zen of slashdot is never read TFS/TFA, if you must you can glance at the headline before going straight to the comments. Personally I don't know of any other site where geeks regularly gather in such numbers and diversity to hurl abuse at each other.

      --
      And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
    7. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by MrMista_B · · Score: 1

      'Idle' and kdawson kinda make your points fail, though, unfortunately. The negatives are really starting to outweigh the positives.

    8. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Sentry21 · · Score: 1

      I've always thought of evolution as the furtherance of a species through gradual genetic mutations over time. What is described here I've always thought of more as 'natural selection', whereby a specific trait produces an advantage in nature that leads to a higher rate of survival for those that possess the trait.

      The difference being that natural selection is one aspect of how evolution occurs, but it's not required; a specific mutation may not directly provide a benefit in the environment; it may take several different mutations to interact before there's a tangible benefit to organisms possessing it, but each one is a part of the organism's evolution as a whole.

      That said, maybe I've been thinking of them wrong, but that's how they make the most sense to me.

    9. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by David+Gould · · Score: 1

      What makes you think this wouldn't be an example of evolution?

      Maybe the use of the word 'reprogramming' -- that could be taken to to mean they were claiming it was something individual fish were doing, to change within their own lifetimes. Hence, Lamarck. But I could just as well read it as a (maybe slightly weird) way of describing the change in the species' genetic distribution as it responds to selective pressure in what (as you said) sounds like a perfectly classic case of evolution. 'Course, that's just based on the summary; to say for sure, I'd have to RTFA.

      --
      David Gould
      main(i){putchar(340056100>>(i-1)*5&31|!!(i<6)<< 6)&&main(++i);}
    10. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and the former what?

    11. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by beckerist · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Eeeeexactly. Reverse evolution is like "reverse discrimination" *cough*BULLSHIT*cough*

      Evolution is evolution... Just because we might be the primary environmental factor OR we might BECOME the primary factor doesn't make it "reverse."

    12. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Hognoxious · · Score: 2, Funny

      summery

      No, it's not even spring yet.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    13. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by turbidostato · · Score: 1, Insightful

      "It seems correct to this biology teacher."

      I think this biology teacher will have to revise his concepts.

      "This is a clear case of directional selection."

      Yes.

      "If, over time the frequencies of the alleles for large and small change in the population, then we have, by definition, evolution."

      No, we haven't. We just have frequency variation. But we haven't change the gene pool a dime. Without new characteristics we have no evolution, by definition.

      In fact, the very article states that we could reverse those population changes within some generations. Evolution is not reversible.

      "What makes you think this wouldn't be an example of evolution?"

      Environmental pressure changes population frequencies and *can* drive evolution towards some direction (mutations that embetters fitness within such pressure will be favoured) but it's no evolution by itself. Environmental pressure by itself cannot make a bird out of a dinossaur.

    14. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by VDragon99 · · Score: 4, Informative

      "If, over time the frequencies of the alleles for large and small change in the population, then we have, by definition, evolution."

      No, we haven't. We just have frequency variation. But we haven't change the gene pool a dime. Without new characteristics we have no evolution, by definition.

      I have to agree with GP, we indeed have evolution, by definition. Evolution is not defined by "new characteristics", whatever that is. Could you please provide a reference that defines evolution as "new characteristics"?

      Evolution is (as I have learned during my biology studies) defined as a change in allele frequency. If the genetic make-up of the population changes from one generation to another (and frequency variation constitutes such a change), then we have evolution.

      Furthermore, you assume that only frequencies change. That need not be the case. A phenotypical change in size (as in this case) might also very well be caused by mutation, what might be a "new characteristic". Superficially you have no way if distinguishing the two processes.

    15. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's called 'adaptation'.

    16. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      Without new characteristics we have no evolution, by definition.

      Rubbish. Ever heard of the peppered moth?

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    17. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by wisty · · Score: 1

      I'm just waiting for some self-righteous slashdotter to draw an analogy between the runts of the litter, promotion to management, 12 generations, and their least favorite CEO. If you can breed lapdogs in 12 generations, with nothing but artificial selection, imagine what you can do with specimens who are actively trying to "evolve" themselves.

    18. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      than

    19. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by ArcherB · · Score: 1

      Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?

      Nope. It seems correct to this biology teacher. This is a clear case of directional selection. Keep eliminating the larger fish and the median size of fish in the population will be smaller. So, by taking the large ones, we are selecting against them and for smaller fish and juveniles. If, over time the frequencies of the alleles for large and small change in the population, then we have, by definition, evolution.

      What makes you think this wouldn't be an example of evolution?

      My take on it is that this is more of a case of Intelligent Design (or Unintelligent Design...whatever, but design either way). And as we all know, ID != Evolution. In fact, many see them as complete opposites. I guess no one has ever considered that maybe evolution is a product of design. In other words, maybe species were "designed" to "evolve".

      (Did I just cross the streams?)

      --
      There is no "I disagree" mod for a reason. Flamebait, Troll, and Overrated are not substitutes.
    20. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are a biology teacher? I weep for humanity...

      This is ADAPTATION, not evolution. Evolution implies a change infunction...didn't have legs, now I do after "evolution" takes place. This is just having a particular trait THAT ALREADY EXISTS become more prevalent.

      When my blonde wife and my blonde self have a blonde kid, it isn't evolution, moron. When small fish survive and breed small fish, it ain't evolution, it's just adaptation. There is a SIGNIFICANT difference.

      Again...I weep for humanity...

    21. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Without new characteristics we have no evolution, by definition.

      Rubbish. Ever heard of the peppered moth?

      The OP is right and the GP is a troll. The counter to his comeback on that is "microwalking". That is, he'll say he believes in micro evolution (variation) but not macro-evolution (dino->bird).

      The microwalking analogy is this: I've seen people walk from one side of the room to the other, everyone has, the Bible doesn't disagree with it, we all know such micro-walking is real. But macro walking is crazy! The idea that a person could walk from NY to California? Lunacy! I've never seen it! The Bible doesn't mention it*! There's no such thing as macro-walking! It's a conspiracy of the Nike worshipers. :p

      * Moses, 40 years wandering somehow doesn't count since he's just a Jew I guess.

    22. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't consider this effect "evolutionary". For one thing the disruptions in the genetic story-line of the fish are too minor. The same thing happens to fish populations whenever the forage base or water level/quality go through significant changes. As soon as we quit fishing for them, they go back to normal.....hmmmm coincidence? I think not!

      Catch and release is the way to go for the most part. It lets you get better at fishing, thus you catch more fish, and can afford to be more selective about which fish you want to target and take.

    23. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by interkin3tic · · Score: 2, Funny

      Most biologists are just relieved when we hear the word "evolution" used without "intelligent design" or "superpowers" being used in the same sentence.

    24. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by interkin3tic · · Score: 1

      Again...I weep for humanity...

      I was starting to weep too over several things in your post, until you said that you are a blond guy. Then it all made sense.

    25. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by mrdoogee · · Score: 1

      Probably it has something to do with the layman equating
      Evolution = better
      Bigger = better
      therefore: Evolution = Bigger

      False reasoning, but easy to do.

    26. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by falconwolf · · Score: 2, Insightful

      of course there are actual biologists who read slashdot that don't think highly of evolution being thought of in terms of a ladder but rather fitness and genetic change over time in order to maximize the chances that organisms can and do reproduce. the summery did a poor job of phrasing what the researchers actually said on the matter calling it "bad for their evolution"

      The summary was bad but the actual article does have this quote from Dr Conover "the bigger and older a fish is, the more offspring it produces,". Having more offspring could be a evolutionary advantage.

      Falcon

    27. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      interkin3tic:

      If you are weeping over several things in my post, I am sure it is because you just came to realize what a waste your previous education was, in that teachers teach two distinct things as the same (i.e. natural selection or adaptation of species being equated to evolution, whereby over billions of years a single cell creature becomes man).

      Adaptation is NOT evolution. They are two completely different things, even if they may appear similar.

      Adaptation means one pre-existing genetic trait (small fish) becomes a dominant gene...this is not new to the species.

      Evolution says that some genetic mutation causes a brand new, never before seen gene to exist, so that when it is expressed, a brand new function/limb/whatever comes into existence.

      You don't have to like my distinction, and again, I pity you for not having the intellect to understand it, but that doesn't excuse you from being a moron by holding on to your old beliefs instead of understanding some new information that apparently schools no longer teach.

      Most kids can graduate from high school without learning about the significance of the Battle of Midway...but that doesn't mean it didn't happen.

      Sorry for your ignorance...but here's a chance to correct it.

      I weep for humanity...

    28. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by interkin3tic · · Score: 1

      Not sure why you took "several things" as refering to adaptation vs evolution. It was specifically
      1. your attitude, which was pointlessly offensive.
      2. "didn't have legs, now I do after "evolution" takes place." An individual can't evolve, populations do over time.
      3. You are splitting hairs. This is not an evolutionary biology board, and "adaptation" and "evolution" are commonly used by people who are not evolutionary biologists to mean the same thing. In fact, they're used interchangeably by biologists, me for one.
      4. This isn't even "adaptation" since it's not adapting to the natural environment, this is more akin to artificial selection. I'm no expert (and neither are you) but I'd say it's arguable that evolution is the more correct term.

    29. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Kind of like what Napoleon did to the French...

    30. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by turbidostato · · Score: 1

      "Evolution is not defined by "new characteristics", whatever that is."

      I specifically said "new characteristics" because *that* is what evolution is. There's no need to go into technicalities. If you don't have something "new" (for some operative definition of "new") you simply cannot have evolution. Specifically, without some *genetical* change you can't have *genetical* evolution.

      "Could you please provide a reference that defines evolution as "new characteristics"?"

      I certainly didn't think I need to offer references for evolution defined as "something new appears" neither on its general usage nor on its technical one. Nevertheless, of course I can provide references:

      * From Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier:
      "2 a change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms over time.
      3 the appearance over long periods of time of new taxonomic groups of organisms from preexisting groups."

      * From the free dictionary:
      "evolution, concept that embodies the belief that existing animals and plants developed by a process of gradual, continuous change from previously existing forms. This theory, also known as descent with modification, constitutes organic evolution."

      * From Darwin's "On the origin of species by means of natura selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life." (no less):

      "From the strong principle of inheritance, any
      selected variety will tend to propagate its new and modified form.
      This fundamental subject of Natural Selection will be treated at some
      length in the fourth chapter; and we shall then see how Natural
      Selection almost inevitably causes much Extinction of the less
      improved forms of life and induces what I have called DIVERGENCE OF CHARACTER."
      (emphasis mine).

      All in all if there isn't something "new" there's no evolution. Or do you think human race has evolved from the XVII century to-date simply because our *average* life expectancy and our maturity age have grown? Do you really think that just changing frequencies of preexisting alleles can indeed be called evolution? That a species going from 98% brown hair individuals plus 2% blond hair people to 2% brown hair plus 98% blond hair people (same alleles, different frequencies) has indeed evolutioned? Is it really your positon that somehow, because of the previous sentence, Brazilians (heavy multiracial mixture) are somehow evolutionary different from their black, caucasian and/or mediterranean grandparents (with same alleles overall, only different frequencies)?

      "Furthermore, you assume that only frequencies change. "

      That's not an assumption; that's a fact. If there's nothing more than environmental pressure all that changes is frequencies.

      "A phenotypical change in size (as in this case) might also very well be caused by mutation"

      Truly it can be. But then you have environment pressure *and* a mutation. And it is the mutation the one that makes a *new* phenotype to appear. All that environmental pressure can do is change such mutation's frequency within the general population as it would do with any other selectable character.

      "Superficially you have no way if distinguishing the two processes."

      Of course I can. Or how do you think taxonomy has been done from the days of Linnaeus to about 1970?

    31. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by turbidostato · · Score: 1

      "The counter to his comeback on that is "microwalking". That is, he'll say he believes in micro evolution (variation) but not macro-evolution (dino->bird)."

      It's only that this is no "counter". I never stated my position about evolution, I only defined it. Saying "there's no way a dino can become a bird" is a counterargument for "biological evolution is the appearence of new characteristics on an species population" no more than saying "yeah, but they don't exist" against "a unicorn is a kind of a horse with a horn"

    32. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by tabrnaker · · Score: 1

      Things that make sense and reality are usually two very different things.

    33. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by interactive_civilian · · Score: 1

      I think this biology teacher will have to revise his concepts.

      Nope. In biology (i.e. the actual science, not the layman's terms), evolution is defined as "the change of allele frequencies in a population over time". Practically speaking, it is the opposite of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (which does not actually exist, but the mathematics are useful for studying evolution).

      Either your biology teachers failed you in their teachings, or you didn't pay enough attention. ;p

      --
      "Empathise with stupidity, and you're halfway to thinking like an idiot." - Iain M. Banks
    34. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by mgblst · · Score: 1

      The thinking is that there is a natural state of evolution, where man has no effect. Then there is evolution you get when man does have an effect, such as fishing. They call this reverse evolution, because they feel the natural state would be for fish to get bigger.

      Sure, it makes sense, sort of, but most people have a limited understanding of this stuff, especially when they don't believe in it.

    35. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      I've seen examples of reverse discrimination. In one case, about 11 years ago, a semiconductor company made "Head of Personnel" a board seat to stop the complaints of activist "women's" groups. In another case, an incompetent technician who thought he should be an engineer was coddled instead of being fired, because he was black and threatened to sue. This stuff happens all the time.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    36. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by funkify · · Score: 1

      Man I wish I was wherever you are. It's not feeling very summery here at all. In fact, it just started snowing again.

    37. Re:Clear example of directional selection... by interactive_civilian · · Score: 1

      This is ADAPTATION, not evolution.

      and

      Adaptation is NOT evolution.

      Actually, in biology, it IS. Adaptation is a subset of evolution. Adaptation (especially when using the word as concerned with the 7 characteristics that define "life" in biology) is defined as "traits passed from generation to generation that allow an organism to fit and survive in its ecosystem". I.e. adaptations are passed on.

      Evolution is defined as "the change in allele frequencies in a population over time." That is it. That is all. In order for a population to be considered "evolving" it must not be at Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. H-W Equilibrium is the very definition of non-evolution.

      The problem with "adapt" and "adaptation" is that most people colloquially use it to mean "acclimate" and "acclimation" as well (i.e. things an individual does in its lifetime to fit the surrounding environment). That leads to confusion. Because of this use, people often get more "Lamarckian" ideas about evolution, rather than realize that an organism that "adapts" to its environment (as in "acclimates") is able to do so because it already evolved that ability. And the problem with "evolution" is that everyone seems to think it has some goal and that every thing must lead to new functionality. "The change in allele frequencies in a population over time" dictates no such thing, though changing allele frequencies (either by selection of pre-existing alleles or by the formation of new alleles through mutation, it doesn't matter) can lead to such things.

      The only REAL difference between evolution and adaptation is that adaptation is not necessary for evolution. Adaptation refers specifically to useful traits to help an organism survive in an environment against various selection pressures. Evolution has no such requirement. Unrelated and seemingly unused traits also get passed on, and if the frequencies of those traits change, then we still have evolution. Therefore, "adaptation" is a subset of "evolution", not a separate thing.

      Obviously, the layman's definitions of these terms are often different and have extra things assigned to them. However, the biology definitions are rather simple and clear. Stop mixing them to promote confusion.

      If you want to weep for humanity, weep for the fact that most biology teachers don't actually even have degrees in biology, nor do they keep up with the latest developments in the field to be able to pass newer, more accurate information to their students, so they end up confusing the kids with tripe, leading to posts like yours.

      --
      "Empathise with stupidity, and you're halfway to thinking like an idiot." - Iain M. Banks
  3. Sounds like evolution by mooingyak · · Score: 4, Informative

    Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?"

    If being smaller enables the fish to survive long enough to breed, then no. Big fish die off, small fish breed.

    --
    William of Ockham had no beard. The most likely explanation is that it was chewed off by squirrels every morning.
    1. Re:Sounds like evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

      That's a simplistic view of it. Killing the larger fish remove them from future breeding, and smaller fish have more opportunity to do so.

      It doesn't have to be absolute.

    2. Re:Sounds like evolution by pallmall1 · · Score: 3, Funny

      Big fish die off, small fish breed.

      Oh yeah? Then how come "the one that got away" always gets bigger?

      And the more beer a fisherman pours down his gills, the bigger it gets! Just get a couple of twelve-packs and you'll have lakes full of uncaught big fish in a couple of hours.

      --
      3 things about computers: they're alive, they're self-aware, and they hate your guts.
    3. Re:Sounds like evolution by kxr1 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This is an absolutely spot on comment. If there is a selection pressure for smaller fish, then the process of selection is working. "Natural selection" is somewhat of a misnomer, as sometimes something out of the ordinary (occurs with predictable regularity, or slowly over the course of millennia) happens and pressures the group in a certain direction. In this case, humans are applying a selective pressure to the fish population. Therefore fish that are predisposed, due to their genetics, to a smaller adult size are reaching sexual maturity and producing offspring. That's perfectly natural if you consider the population of fish that are in an environment where human selection is a pressure. Would an identical species living in a similar niche without catch and release pressure decrease in size? That's a far more interesting question than "is this evolution?" or "is this Darwinism or Lamrakian?". Not that I read the original article or the parent I'm quoting. I could care less, as a /. reader.

    4. Re:Sounds like evolution by eln · · Score: 3, Funny

      Big fish die off, small fish breed.

      Oh yeah? Then how come "the one that got away" always gets bigger?

      And the more beer a fisherman pours down his gills, the bigger it gets! Just get a couple of twelve-packs and you'll have lakes full of uncaught big fish in a couple of hours.

      It's a well-known fact that fish feed on empty beer cans. The more they eat, the bigger they get.

    5. Re:Sounds like evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We are the only ones to blame.

      The ocean can not support us any longer, so it takes the only logical course, which is, "if we're smaller, humans won't kill all of us because we'll be useless".

      Take plankton as an example, you can't even pick your teeth with it and there's plenty of it.

    6. Re:Sounds like evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You'll be glad to hear that I'm almost finished with my plankton sieve troller technology that will enable us to not only collect plankton in bulk, but then eat it too.

      TRY AND STOP US

      *takes bite out of earth*

    7. Re:Sounds like evolution by krischik · · Score: 1

      Big fish die off, small fish breed.

      Oh yeah? Then how come "the one that got away" always gets bigger?

      Not they don't - so slower they grow so longer they can breed. This is opposite to evolution without men where growing fast meant outgrowing the enemy.

    8. Re:Sounds like evolution by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I wonder if the ability to detect sarcasm has any evolutionary advantage?

      http://www.cafepress.com/troutnut/2176819

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    9. Re:Sounds like evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not they don't - so slower they grow so longer they can breed.

      OT stab in the dark here: English isn't your first language...

    10. Re:Sounds like evolution by RedHat+Rocky · · Score: 1

      No.

      Here's the problem: size is not a genetic trait, it's a STATE.

      Any given fish has the potential to be a certain size. Did the researchers show that the population lost the trait to be big? I don't think so. They only showed the current population became smaller on average.

      That's not a change in genetic trait, simply a change in the STATE of the population.

      Otherwise, when big fish harvesting stopped, the trait to be a big fish would have had to re-emerge, which I don't seriously think is a matter of a dozen generations.

      Ever put a gold fish in a huge tank with plenty of food? How big did it get? Is it a mutant? No, the potential to grow was already there. Just no opportunity.

      --
      Anything is possible given time and money.
    11. Re:Sounds like evolution by mooingyak · · Score: 1

      Let's assume that some of the fish are small because they're genetically predisposed to being small, and others are small because they haven't gotten big yet.

      Let's also assume that human predation is only eliminating the big fish.

      So human predation eliminates 0% of the fish predisposed towards smallness, and X% of the fish predisposed towards largeness. End result is evolutionary pressure toward being smaller. It's not absolute, but it does favor the smaller fish.

      --
      William of Ockham had no beard. The most likely explanation is that it was chewed off by squirrels every morning.
    12. Re:Sounds like evolution by RedHat+Rocky · · Score: 1

      Too simple an assumption to grant, as it introduces other factors (how small-disposed fish reproduce compared to big-disposed fish for starters).

      But granted your assumption. then I agree with what you say.

      --
      Anything is possible given time and money.
    13. Re:Sounds like evolution by mooingyak · · Score: 1

      Fair enough. It is a pretty big assumption.

      --
      William of Ockham had no beard. The most likely explanation is that it was chewed off by squirrels every morning.
  4. Darwin, not Lamarck by sheath · · Score: 5, Informative

    What does Lamarck have to do with it? These fish haven't been passing down traits they've developed during their lifetimes - we've been killing all the big fish, so smaller fish are selectively left to breed. That's Darwinian evolution.

    In normal situations, I'd imagine that bigger fish tend to reproduce more often. But when some external force (e.g., thousands of fishers in boats with GPS and big nets) changes things, you get a different outcome.

    If we preferred to eat fish that were darker in colour, they'd be getting lighter instead.

    Either TaeKwonDood misunderstands evolution, or rushed to post his article a little too quickly...

    --

    ---sheath
    1. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So to solve this, I guess we should just catch and eat all fish, even da little babbiez. This will select allow the other group, which is the set of no fish, to thrive.

    2. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He was saying that this was a clear example to Lamarck that he was wrong (were he still alive to see it.) I think you should re-read the post and turn off the automatic reaction generator.

    3. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      He was saying that this was a clear example to Lamarck that he was wrong

      Did it need saying? Coming up after the break - an astounding claim that the earth isn't flat. But first - phlogiston - fact or fiction?

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    4. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by sheath · · Score: 1

      I like this idea! What traits do 'no fish' have? Are they made of antimatter? Could we use them as weapons?

      The possibilities abound.

      --

      ---sheath
    5. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by sheath · · Score: 1

      I see your point, but I think I agree with Hognoxious. Why mention Lamarck at all?

      I thought the invocation of the L-word was related to the weird question about whether the term 'evolution' was being used in the right way. Which dozens of posters above me have answered already, so I defer to them.

      --

      ---sheath
    6. Re:Darwin, not Lamarck by tillerman35 · · Score: 1

      That is a very Zen question.

  5. Are they using the term evolution the wrong way? by Chuck+Chunder · · Score: 5, Insightful

    No, but you're being rather careless with your language.

    It hasn't "hurt" their evolution. Their evolution has been helpful, based on the selection pressures they face.

    Nor are the fish "reprogramming themselves". The species' genetic make up may be shifting (in a loose sense "reprogrammed") but they aren't doing it to themselves.

    --
    Boffoonery - downloadable Comedy Benefit for Bletchley Park
  6. Undesirable? Tell me about it by Tablizer · · Score: 4, Funny

    One species is trying to grow legs and arms so it can crawl to land and build nuclear weapons to end the world. We must stop this before it's too late!. -Anonymous Anomalocaris

  7. Lamarck? by 2b|!2b · · Score: 1

    Why are you name-dropping 17th century biologists? There's nothing even remotely transmutational about that article.

    --
    It's nice to be liked, but it's better by far to get paid
  8. They had better mean by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 1

    12 fish generations...

  9. Its called Breeding by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Animal Husbandry has been doing it for years in one form or another.

    See Wikipedia

    Of course, if you leave the runts of the litter only, you end up with smaller critters. Its how many lap dogs were bred in the first place.

    And like any breeder can tell you, of course it can be fixed in 12 animal generations!

  10. God did it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    Clearly this is yet MORE poof of intelligent design! How can you not see it!

    1. Re:God did it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, it's a good case of human-directed evolution. Whether human-directed evolution is good or not is debatable. What's so hard to accept about evolution directed by other intelligences? There is NOTHING in the concept of intelligent design that negates natural processes, rather it suggests that natural processes are directed by some overriding intelligence. I think the problem is that you'd rather not admit to some overriding intelligence, preferring to hold to the view that only things humans can understand or observe directly exist.

    2. Re:God did it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, it's micro evolution. It's still the same species.

    3. Re:God did it by The+End+Of+Days · · Score: 1

      You got it completely backwards - there is no intelligent reason to admit to something that has no evidence. Anyone can make up a story about anything. A lack of belief in that story is not a failure of the listener, it's a failure of the storyteller to be compellingly convincing.

  11. Let me tell you by GMonkeyLouie · · Score: 3, Funny

    Whenever I go out to the bars, I make it a point to take the smallest woman I can find home with me. It is my hope that within generations, the women remaining in the bars will all be larger and provide... um... ::analogy fail::

    1. Re:Let me tell you by holloway · · Score: 1

      Whenever I go out to the bars, I make it a point to take the smallest woman I can find home with me. It is my hope that within generations, the women remaining in the bars will all be larger and provide... um... ::analogy fail::

      As it involves removing certain sizes women from population you should have continued that analogy with Buffalo Bill and Hannibal Lector.

      Eg, "whenever I go out to the bars, I make it a point to take the smallest woman I can find home with me. It is my hope that within generations, the women remaining in the bars will all be larger and provide a better fit for my 70s-style collection of designer fashion wear."

    2. Re:Let me tell you by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Kind of like when you buy a smaller car... blah blah blah... CARRIER LOST

  12. Instead of throwing back the little ones, by goto+begin · · Score: 1

    they should be throwing back the young ones. Older fish are getting smaller? Chop 'em in half and count the rings.

    1. Re:Instead of throwing back the little ones, by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not sure if this is going *woosh* over my head.

      Fish actually do have ring on an ear-related bone, and you can read how old it is from this. I welcome anybody to revise this, because I'm just loosely repeating what I heard on the radio this afternoon about fish in the Kaipara Habour.

  13. Evolution 2.0 by gzipped_tar · · Score: 1

    Are they using the term 'evolution' the wrong way?

    Of course not! It's Evolution 2.0!

    And how is it different from any other kind of selective breeding?

    --
    Colorless green Cthulhu waits dreaming furiously.
    1. Re:Evolution 2.0 by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      Of course not! It's Evolution 2.0!

      If that is like Web 2.0 then perhaps we should refer to it as unintelligent design.

  14. See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by Gopal.V · · Score: 5, Interesting

    For years, the elephants in southern India have been hunted for their tusks. Fifteen years ago, you could very well run into a lone tusker in the wild with metre long tusks.

    But now of late, there are baby elephants being born who grow up to be fertile males without the large tusks. With tiny foot long points out of their mouths, instead of something resembling the original giants that I used to love.

    It's almost as if the poachers are even more of a significant selection force than nature and female preference put together.

    1. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Think about it this way. If ALL jocks were killed tomorrow, human race would continue and slashdotters would breed first time in their lives. Yes, despite all odds of natural forces and femele preference put together, geeks would breed mad!

      You see, if ONLY small tusks remained, then female had no more "preference". You get what you get.

    2. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Think about it this way. If ALL jocks were killed tomorrow, human race would continue and slashdotters would breed first time in their lives. Yes, despite all odds of natural forces and femele preference put together, geeks would breed mad!

      Ummm... no.

      "Not if you were the last man on Earth."

      Sound familiar?

    3. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's a lie. Likely even if she is a lesbian. Presented with a severe decrease in population, our biological imperative instincts are likely to re-assert themselves with a vengeance. ... ponder... it's stuff I say like this that makes sure I don't get laid, right? Right. FML.

    4. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by FTWinston · · Score: 1

      It's almost as if the poachers are even more of a significant selection force than nature and female preference put together.

      Of course they are! If a female doesn't select a male in one breeding season, he can try again the next ... if he dies, then he clearly can't. And I imagine that poachers are a more significant threat than tigers or other natural predators...

    5. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Tigers in Africa ?!?!?!

      Oh, it's southern India. What a waste of a perfectly good Python quote!

    6. Re:See the same things with elephant tuskers ... by ArsenneLupin · · Score: 1

      Well, only those geeks that are breeders...

  15. Helped their evolution by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 5, Insightful

    just because those fish didn't evolve the way we would have liked that it somehow means that it "hurt their evolution."

    I'd in fact go further and say it has helped their evolution. If they become small enough that us humans cannot be bothered with them then they have managed to eliminate the most dangerous predator on the planet as a concern. Seems like a smart move to me.

    1. Re:Helped their evolution by TempeTerra · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I'd in fact go further and say it has helped their evolution.

      More precisely, you can't 'hurt' or 'help' evolution - you can't even really evolve in a 'bad' direction since evolution by definition increases the survivability of the species. An individual mutation could be good or bad, but evolution is the process of selecting the good mutations.

      As you say, in this case 'good' means 'humans don't eat me'.

      Now, TFA may mention this (but how would I know?), but the clever thing for fishermen to do is to catch the biggest, tastiest fish and then breed them. This leverages evolution by making 'tasty to humans' a survival trait. If you doubt this works, consider sheep, pigs, cows, wheat and rice.

      --
      .evom ton seod gis eht
    2. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Too bad farmed fish doesn't taste as good as wild fish.

    3. Re:Helped their evolution by Genda · · Score: 1

      Actually nowadays, it's catch the biggest and tastiest and clone them... ALOT!!!

    4. Re:Helped their evolution by Baron_Yam · · Score: 2, Informative

      I don't know - once one of the selection pressures is an intelligent force that can predict the eventual path of evolution, I'd say words like, 'hurt' can start to apply.

      What if the fish evolving to be smaller to avoid human mouths eventually leaves them set to be eliminated by some other force? In other words, what if we're forcing a short term evolutionary advantage that is long term fatal to the species?

    5. Re:Helped their evolution by asliarun · · Score: 1

      Exactly! This is like saying that throwing apples on the ground is hurting gravity. I also don't understand why we feel the need to associate words like good or bad with evolution. The only thing that is good or bad is when the effect of evolution affects us in some way. Is entropy acting mean today?

    6. Re:Helped their evolution by alasdair · · Score: 1

      evolution by definition increases the survivability of the species.

      That's not correct. Biology is full of species that have evolved to fill particular niches, like the panda or flightless birds on islands. When the niche disappears the species becomes extinct. So evolution is perfectly capable of reducing survivability, depending on the timescale you're measuring and the area you're studying. Generalists survive, then specialise into the new, vacant niches in their local environment.

    7. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How do you find out that they are tasty and breed them? It seems one action would preclude the other.

    8. Re:Helped their evolution by ucblockhead · · Score: 1

      Unlikely given the human propensity for killing off all larger predators.

      --
      The cake is a pie
    9. Re:Helped their evolution by khakipuce · · Score: 1
      Good point but the reason they ended up in this situation is that no one has invented a net that catches small ones and lets the big ones go. We eat all sizes of marine creatures from shrimp and white bait to whales and if they get smaller we will jst use smaller and smaller nets.

      There seems to be no limit on our urge to exploit to extinction all life on the planet that we cannot farm. So nice try fish but we're gonna get ya

      --
      Art is the mathematics of emotion
    10. Re:Helped their evolution by eam · · Score: 1

      You're looking at it wrong.

      They're getting smaller *because* it is an advantage. Evolution isn't a bunch of fish getting together and deciding to get smaller or larger or whatever. The smaller fish are surviving longer (despite whatever other predators are out there) because we don't eat the small ones. The longer you stay small, the longer we keep throwing you back. The individual fish doesn't have a choice. The individual does not matter.

      If they reach the point where we don't eat them, and something else starts to, then they'll evolve away from that. Maybe the next step is to grow legs and climb out of the water.

      The only real question here is, how do we avoid letting all our food evolve away from us? Sharks can't do it, but we might be able to. We need to encourage the fish to grow big. It might be nice if we could get them to evolve a tendency to jump into our boats. Hell, just have them swim to shore & jump onto the beach.

      Crap! Salmon! They do it already! How did we manage that?

    11. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Until we decide there are no fishable fish in this bay any more, no reason to worry about what we dump in there.

    12. Re:Helped their evolution by Locklin · · Score: 2, Informative

      Natural selection works to increase the fitness of the average individual in a population sure, but Evolution also includes cases where the average fitness level can go down. Consider, for instance, the founder effect.

      --
      "Knowledge is the only instrument of production that is not subject to diminishing returns" -Journal of Political Econom
    13. Re:Helped their evolution by ghee22 · · Score: 1

      What if the fish evolving to be smaller to avoid human mouths eventually leaves them set to be eliminated by some other force?

      Don't worry, humans will adapt to find and eat the smaller fish.

      --
      "Persistence is annoying success." - ghee22 11:28:1999 - 10:53:PM
    14. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Unlikely that the man with a fishing rod is the largest predator. Whales can eat LOTS of fish at one time. And pollution can destroy LOTS of feeding grounds for fish. Those fish factory ships have more of an impact wiping out fish, but they don't throw back the little ones. And fish that evolve to be smaller will become prey to different predators, to which they won't have as much natural defense.

    15. Re:Helped their evolution by canUbeleiveIT · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Exactly! This is like saying that throwing apples on the ground is hurting gravity. I also don't understand why we feel the need to associate words like good or bad with evolution. The only thing that is good or bad is when the effect of evolution affects us in some way. Is entropy acting mean today?

      It's interesting to see how inconsistent people here do tend to be.

      I would hazard a guess that there is a much higher percentage of atheists and agnostics among slashdotters than what is in the general population, so I just don't get the whole ascribing good/evil tags to human impact upon evolution. As I understand it, there is no right or wrong in evolution, only cause and effect.

      If one ascribes no special status to humans (e.g. "made in the image of God"), then how can we be anything more than causes and effects within the process? Do we ascribe malicious intent to beavers, because they flood a valley and force a bunch of meadow voles and rabbits out of their homes?

    16. Re:Helped their evolution by hesiod · · Score: 1

      Luckily we have plenty of seafood restaurants around for us to find out which species are tastiest...

    17. Re:Helped their evolution by Culture20 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Actually nowadays, it's catch the biggest and tastiest and clone them... ALOT!!!

      Indeed. See Potatoes and Bananas.

    18. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      I would hazard a guess that there is a much higher percentage of atheists and agnostics among slashdotters than what is in the general population, so I just don't get the whole ascribing good/evil tags to human impact upon evolution. As I understand it, there is no right or wrong in evolution, only cause and effect.

      I'm not sure that it was necessary to bring up the atheist/agnostic part. As an atheist, I am still prone to describe something as good or bad. I think that particular action is more a function of someone being a human than them being of a particular religious belief.

    19. Re:Helped their evolution by maxume · · Score: 1

      It is harder to catch smaller fish (and they require more processing per pound of catch). The decrease in size is detrimental to humans.

      So objectively, there isn't anything good or bad about the fish changing, but we are involved and prefer bigger fish.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    20. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Youare ALMOST right. This is NOT evolution becuase it does not involve mutation, but simply maximizing on a genetic trait that is already there.

      Most of you people seem to have no understanding that evolution implies a CAHANGE in genetics (i.e. mutation), and not simply the more frequent expression of one characteristic over another THAT WAS ALREADY CODED.

      It would be nice if all the evolutionists out there actually would actually learn what the h*** they believe in...

    21. Re:Helped their evolution by mog007 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Bananas are a bad example. They might be a lot easier to eat these days, but they can't reproduce on their own anymore. They're also so limited genetically, because they don't reproduce like plantains do, that a banana-specific bacteria or mold or something could totally decimate a very large supply of the fruit.

    22. Re:Helped their evolution by Culture20 · · Score: 1

      That was my point. Potatoes and bananas are the two poster children for why cloning/cutting is bad.

    23. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And suddenly we realize that being the only creature that can worry about evolution does indeed make us special.

    24. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It'd also be nice if you weren't wrong. Evolution is just change in allele frequency over time in a population. Mutation is one way of changing allele frequency, by introducing new alleles. Genetic drift is another as the proportion of different alleles shifts randomly over time (for two ~neutral traits, even if you start with a perfect 50/50 mix one will eventually be removed from the gene pool solely by drift). A third way of changing allele frequencies is by selection (natural or not). If fish size is at least partially controlled by a set of genes, and there is some variation in these genes in the fish population with some producing faster growth (bigger fish sooner) or just a larger final size period, these can be selected for. Anglers want big fish. They take the biggest fish, throw back the smaller, which then selects for alleles that limit or slow fish growth, even if it is only a slight difference. This changes the allele frequency in the fish population, which is evolution in action.

    25. Re:Helped their evolution by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      I'd in fact go further and say it has helped their evolution.

      More precisely, you can't 'hurt' or 'help' evolution - you can't even really evolve in a 'bad' direction since evolution by definition increases the survivability of the species.

      Sure species can evolve in a bad way. Birds, especially flight-less birds, in New Zealand evolved to live there. However since westerners brought cats, dogs, and rats many species have gone extinct and others are threatened. Simply when a species becomes specialized for a certain niche but that niche is subsequently disturbed that species may go extinct.

      Falcon

    26. Re:Helped their evolution by WillKemp · · Score: 1

      Good point but the reason they ended up in this situation is that no one has invented a net that catches small ones and lets the big ones go.

      That's not true. It's exactly what by-catch reduction devices (BRDs) do in modern prawn trawler (etc) nets. The prawns end up in the cod end but the turtles etc are diverted out a hole in the top.

    27. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "bad" evolution can kind of occur, depending on semantics. In a very small or very noisy system, the natural progress of genetic variation can be maladaptive, though in this case its less a failure of evolution than it is the failure of the system to support evolution.

    28. Re:Helped their evolution by LithiumX · · Score: 1
      --
      Do not confuse "Freedom of Choice" with "Free Will".
    29. Re:Helped their evolution by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      you can't even really evolve in a 'bad' direction since evolution by definition increases the survivability of the species.

      Tell that to the dinosaurs who evolved to be nice and big just before the meteor hit. Evolution only acts to increase the immediate survivability of the species it does nothing for longer term, foreseeable events.

    30. Re:Helped their evolution by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

      What if the fish evolving to be smaller to avoid human mouths eventually leaves them set to be eliminated by some other force?

      If that force is worse than humans then evolution would work in the opposite direction because small fish would be being preferentially selected for dinner leaving the big ones to survive. Evolution is a beautiful feedback mechanism.

    31. Re:Helped their evolution by eleuthero · · Score: 1

      And this is why agricultural research and seed preservation needs more government funding and not less. Part of both the Bush and Obama administrations' budget cuts have included this (a quick google search will net you several news articles on the subject).

    32. Re:Helped their evolution by tabrnaker · · Score: 1

      That's evolving yourself straight to the chum bucket, and 'processed' fish foods.

    33. Re:Helped their evolution by tabrnaker · · Score: 1
      I think if you consider all the animals you listed, you'll come to the conclusion that it doesn't work.

      That is, if you have the chance to compare the quality of the food to that in another country. Pork that isn't as huge, but tastes good. Chicken's that can stand on their own and actually taste like meat. Beef that doesn't taste like toxic cardboard, wheat that has nutrients and protein in it. Rice that actually has flavour!

      The States is a clear case where bigger, is clearer NOT better.

    34. Re:Helped their evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Where does it say that 'evolution by definition increases survivability'? If that were the case, then what of the species who manage to adapt themselves out of existence? I'm thinking specifically of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_elk. Being the non-expert in evolution that I am, it seems perfectly reasonable to me that certain traits might confer a short-term reproductive advantage while at the same time decreasing the overall survivability of the species.

    35. Re:Helped their evolution by 7-Vodka · · Score: 1

      you can't even really evolve in a 'bad' direction

      Go meet a 400+lbs american couch potato and see if you still feel the same way!

      --

      Liberty.

    36. Re:Helped their evolution by a_nonamiss · · Score: 1

      Wooooooosh!

      --
      -Arthur
      Cave ne ante ullas catapultas ambules
    37. Re:Helped their evolution by acheron12 · · Score: 1

      Not to mention potato blight (anyone remember the Irish potato famine?)

      --
      there is no god but truth, and reality is its prophet
  16. Who ever asked that silly question... by wellingj · · Score: 3, Informative

    ... should read Beak of the Finch

    1. Re:Who ever asked that silly question... by interkin3tic · · Score: 1

      You mean if I want to post something, I not only have to RTFA that I'm posting, I ALSO have to read a BOOK on the subject?!?

  17. Human to Crocodile to Human by G3ckoG33k · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Technically they are correct, in practice I have my doubts. It is hard to get all the variables in a breeding programme to act in line. Ask any dog breeder.

    I once was asked by someone from J. Witnesses if I could transform a human into a crocodile. Sure I said, just give me some 300 million years and I might succeed. And, give give me another 300 million years and I may even get it back to a human.

    Me, the magician!

  18. flawed methodology by SethJohnson · · Score: 3, Interesting



    TFA describes a closed study of a population of fish. It's not an examination of wild populations of fish or an analysis of trends in wild populations. Extrapolating their observations from the closed population and applying them to the wild populations isn't accurate.

    Commercial fishing is performed with nets (or longlines) and does not discriminate based on size. Everything in the net goes into the hold. Any non-target fish are discarded after they are dead. Sport fishing does discriminate based on size, but doesn't have a significant impact on saltwater fish. Also, larger fish are usually the smarter fish that have avoided anglers' lures, etc. which is a phenomena that isn't accounted for in this study.

    Seth

    1. Re:flawed methodology by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That may be true, but similar studies have been done in other environments. For example, the Carribean Spiny Lobster was examined off the cost of Florida. When the sizes were placed for the legal size there it was based upon a scientific study of maturity. The short answer was 3 inches measured from between the eyes to the edge of the carapace. That was done in the 1950's. Everything was going fine until the 1990's when they began finding more lobster carrying eggs at smaller sizes. This has bit attributed to "harvest pressure" from commercial and recreational fishermen. On the other hand, issuing additional commercial licenses has not seemed to decrease the population significantly. Furthermore, the total harvest remains the same (though each fishermen gets less catch).

      So what does all this mean? There is seasonal debate about appropriate size and count limits for fishing Carribean Spiny Lobster.

    2. Re:flawed methodology by maxume · · Score: 1

      Smarter fish!?

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    3. Re:flawed methodology by khallow · · Score: 1

      Commercial fishing is performed with nets (or longlines) and does not discriminate based on size.

      I gather there's three ways out of a net: through the netting, that is squeezing through the mesh spacing for small objects or fish, out the front of the net, and through any tears in the netting. All three escape routes favor smaller fish. The real issue is whether this selection bias is significant enough to matter. My take is that it isn't unless the fish was originally near the size of the net spacing (if the fishermen are targeting that fish species, the spacing of the mesh will be well below the size of the fish.

      Instead, I see the real selection bias coming in the form of what fish get targeted in the first place. As I understand it, fishermen have some choice in what species they target. The smaller fish are a bit less economical. So small fish that don't mix with more valuable fish will tend to get fished less.

    4. Re:flawed methodology by pbhj · · Score: 1

      So their nets don't have holes in them that let smaller fish out then?

    5. Re:flawed methodology by SethJohnson · · Score: 1

      If you spend four hours casting lures in front of a group of > 2' striped bass that you can clearly see in the water and the only fish that bite are smaller, younger, fish, then you'd be familiar with this phenomena known as 'smarter fish.' You could also call them 'wary' fish.

      Really, though, I was criticizing the methodology of the study that removes behavior from the selection process. The study assumes fish cannot control their own removal from the gene pool. The researchers simply pulled out fish based on their size. It's a one-dimensional selection process. In the wild, there are many factors weighing on the gene pool and while humans are one of those, wild populations are far more complex than this model. For instance, this experiment doesn't consider that larger fish are more resistant to predator fishes and birds, which strengthens the larger fishes' presence in the gene pool. It also doesn't account for large fish being more competitive while preying on other fish for food. Both of these factors would likely counter much of the impact that size-selective fishing by humans has on their populations.

      This experiment would be more accurate when applied to crustaceans because they have fewer natural predators and size doesn't much affect their ability to harvest their own food. Additionally, human fishing of crustaceans is size-selective, so their model more accurately mimics how fishing would affect those populations.

      Seth Johnson

    6. Re:flawed methodology by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hm? Have you ever even SEEN pictures of marine sportfish from 50 years ago? They are considerably larger! This is well documented with catch data. The point isn't that fishermen select larger fish per-se, its just that increased predation means fish die, on average, younger. So they don't get as large, and evolutionary pressure favors those who stop growing and start breeding earlier.

    7. Re:flawed methodology by SethJohnson · · Score: 1



      Have you ever even SEEN pictures of marine sportfish from 50 years ago?

      Yeah, I'm familiar with the sportfish decline. I used to fish in the Gulf of Mexico and saw the drastic reduction in large fish when the Asian longline fishing boats showed up. And like you said, it's not that they were just taking the big fish. They took all game fish and large non-gamefish they caught were usually dead and their carcasses were thrown in the ocean. So the effect has been that only younger, smaller fish of those species are in the majority. Very sad. And with fewer large predator fish (sharks, King Mackerel, etc.), the less desireable trash fish populations are growing and consuming more of the food in the ocean.

      Seth

    8. Re:flawed methodology by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      Commercial fishing is performed with nets (or longlines) and does not discriminate based on size.

      If the fish are small enough they can slip through the nets. But you're right about long lines, they don't discriminate, even birds get caught by long lines.

      Falcon

    9. Re:flawed methodology by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Net fishing does discriminate based on size - undesirably small (juvenile) fish can simply swim through the net; this is by design. The evolutionary development presumably referred to in the article is that fish are "adapting" by having a slower growth rate so that they remain small enough to not get caught in the net even as they mature and reproduce.

  19. I fear for humanity what this means by salesgeek · · Score: 2, Funny

    I was hoping the first 10 minutes of Idiocracy wasn't true. Unfortunately, after returning from Tomorrowland at Disney and reading this article, I fear the Cleavons will take over the earth.

    --
    -- $G
  20. Re:Evolution? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    God I wish I had mod points!

    Mod parent Troll!

  21. The Amerindians knew by eric.brasseur · · Score: 2, Informative

    I read, about twenty-five years ago, that traditional people in the Andes, when planting potatoes, only planted the biggest and most beautiful ones they had from previous harvest. The religious justification is that the "Pacha Mama", which is "Mother Earth", only deserves the best.

  22. Lamarck revisited by josd · · Score: 1

    Lately there have been examples of Lamarck-like 'evolution'. It's clear now the base-pair order is not the whole picture. To some extend acquired features (in particular, methylation of DNA) can be passed on to offspring.

    see http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20026845.000-memories-may-be-stored-on-your-dna.html

    1. Re:Lamarck revisited by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Let's assume that DNA methylation is perfectly preserved in descendants of cells. In a sizable multicellular organism, how many of those cells are in the germline? Exercise for the reader.

  23. This is why I oppose hunting by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    I don't oppose hunting on moral or ethical grounds. And I eat meat like nobody's business. My problem with hunting is that humans have obtained such an imbalance of power such that, unlike in the wild, where predators prey on the weak, humans only hunt the strong. We shoot the biggest buck, the biggest bear, the biggest whatever. We are removing the best genes from the gene pool. It's "survival of the weakest", and the long term consequences cannot be good.

    1. Re:This is why I oppose hunting by h4rr4r · · Score: 1

      Only trophy hunters do that, not your average redneck with a 30-06. I will and have happily shot spikes, does and 3 points. You can't eat the antlers.

    2. Re:This is why I oppose hunting by maxume · · Score: 1

      Aren't rednecks more likely to be using .308?

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  24. This is nothing new... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fisheries biologists have known this for some time. You'll often find that game fish have harvest windows where only fish within a certain size range can be kept. Smaller, and more importantly, larger, fish need to be returned. So, the ones with genes for growing large are preserved, and the young that are needed to sustain the population are also preserved.

    It's also been known (for example, articles in In-Fisherman magazine from some years ago) that members of the sunfish family seem to divide into two population groups - one in which the members never go beyond eating insects, crustaceans, and the like, and a population that has moved on to prey on smaller fish. The former population stays small, the latter gets big. Guess what keeping the big ones does?

  25. Logging too by tomhath · · Score: 1

    The same selection of the smallest happens in the logging industry when people cut down the bigger trees and think the little ones will grow up to fill in. That's called "high cutting" and it will ruin a forest for generations. As much bad publicity as clear cutting gets it's usually the best way to manage timber cutting.

    1. Re:Logging too by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      As much bad publicity as clear cutting gets it's usually the best way to manage timber cutting.

      Unless there's a stream or buildings downhill from the clear cut. The roots of those trees help maintain the soil, remove them and the soil can be washed away. In streams silt can build up either damming it or making it shallower than otherwise. It can also bury fish eggs. With all that loose soil mudslides are more likely. Selective harvesting of trees can reduce this.

      Clear cutting is the worst way to manage timber.

      Falcon

  26. Not evolution by DaveV1.0 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This is no more evolution than the development of different breeds of dogs, which are all the same species, was evolution. Take a population and select a specific trait. Breed the population to amplify that trait.

    Take a population of dogs. Bread the population to be big, and you end up with a population that is bigger and bigger. Eventually, you end up with great danes, mastifs, etc.

    Continue this kind of divergent breeding long enough, with a large enough group of traits and one might be able to force evolutionary change and the creation of different species.

    This is an example of change due to environmental pressure. But, the pressure has not been applied long enough to make the change permanent or complete.

    The article shows a simplistic understanding of the Theory of Evolution and a simplistic and misinformed interpretation of the data.

    --
    There is no "-1 offended" or "-1 you don't agree with me" mod options for a reason.
    1. Re:Not evolution by maxume · · Score: 1

      The idea of species is sort of getting tested lately.

      For instance, I imagine it would be quite simple to find a pair of dogs (or even a pair of dog breeds) that were entirely genetically compatible, but were, for mechanical reasons, unable to interbreed. Another example, it isn't clear that species, as a concept, can coherently by applied to bacteria.

      Also, it depends on how you define evolution; you are using speciation, other people are willing to consider any change in a population that increases its fitness in response to a change in the environment.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    2. Re:Not evolution by DaveV1.0 · · Score: 1

      For instance, I imagine it would be quite simple to find a pair of dogs (or even a pair of dog breeds) that were entirely genetically compatible, but were, for mechanical reasons, unable to interbreed.

      Then, would a female primordial dwarf and a man with an extremely thick penis would be considered separate species because they can not couple for "mechanical" reasons?
      How about to extremely fat people?

      other people are willing to consider any change in a population that increases its fitness in response to a change in the environment

      So, being fat enough to survive a famine makes fatness an evolutionary change?
      Being able to swim in an area that is flood prone an evolutionary change?
      Being able to run faster or longer or both? Are world class marathoners an evolutionary change in humans?

      --
      There is no "-1 offended" or "-1 you don't agree with me" mod options for a reason.
    3. Re:Not evolution by maxume · · Score: 1

      The point is that biologists worry less and less about 'species', so pigeonholing them by demanding that they demonstrate a new species every time they talk about evolution is nonsensical.

      As far as your Lamarckian accusations, there is evidence that fish of a given maturity are smaller, due to their genetics, rather than due to their lifespan or food availability. It isn't simply a matter of the fish being smaller.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    4. Re:Not evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Actually, this example is evolution, just like the breeding of dogs is evolution.

      It is not evolution by natural selection, in the sense that man is not natural. There has been a change in the frequency of specific genetic traits as a result of environmental pressure. The change is permanent as soon as the next generation appears. Change is never complete, because there is no end point to change.

      Not to be pedantic (okay, to be a little pedantic), but you shouldn't criticize others for a simplistic understanding of evolution when your own grasp of the definitions is faulty.

    5. Re:Not evolution by BeanThere · · Score: 1

      Um, no, speciation does not have to occur for something to be considered "evolution", only a change in the inherited traits of a population (due to a selective pressure). You are confusing speciation with evolution in general. Evolution can lead to speciation but that is irrelevant.

    6. Re:Not evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is an example of change due to environmental pressure. But, the pressure has not been applied long enough to make the change permanent or complete.

      Changes caused by evolution are never complete. In fact, without a careful study of the evolutionary stable states that the fish populations can have, I would be very careful about claiming that this change in size will be reversed if the selection pressure from fishing goes away. Smaller fish will affect their natural predators and prey as well, and could drive the entire ecosystem into a different (relatively) stable state.

    7. Re:Not evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And now we know that you are a fundamentalist Christian.

    8. Re:Not evolution by mdmkolbe · · Score: 1

      demanding that they demonstrate a new species every time they talk about evolution is nonsensical

      Except that no one debates that selective breeding is possible. The term evolution only gets controversial when you claim that it is able to explain the origins of the species. The former has been directly demonstrated many many times and within human lifespans. The case for the later isn't so clear and direct.

      Equivocating the two concepts muddles communication. If someone says they do or don't believe the theory of evolution, it is unlikely they are talking about variation among dog breeds. Either scientists need to stop using the term "evolution" to mean any (even minor) result of selective breaking or the media needs to stop using that term to mean the theory that selective breading lead to speciation. Unfortunately I don't think either group will change.

    9. Re:Not evolution by maxume · · Score: 1

      Evolution isn't controversial in the science community.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    10. Re:Not evolution by maxume · · Score: 1

      Going further: the modern definition of evolution doesn't care if there are 10 species on planet earth, or if there are 10 trillion species on planet earth, it concerns itself with populations that reproduce in some fashion. It makes note of the fact that some populations interbreed and some do not, but there is nothing fundamental that arises from that distinction (it is more of an interesting consequence...).

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    11. Re:Not evolution by Squalish · · Score: 1

      Evolution includes natural selection and artificial selection. It includes anything that affects the movement of genes through the gene pool from one generation to the next. It is by no means restricted to genetic changes which make an animal reproductively incompatible with a group of its recent ancestors you choose to call a "species". Such distinctions are largely arbitrary, but even if you choose to be straitjacketed by Linnaeun orthodoxy and pinpoint a precise point when one species becomes another, you need some term to explain how genes are selected for within a species. Most of us choose to use "evolution".

      --
      People in Soviet Russia, however, appear to be afflicted with amusing juxtapositions of the aforementioned situation
  27. Heikegani (Samurai Crab) by laststraw · · Score: 2, Interesting

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samurai_crab

  28. Dr. Dmitry K. Belyaev by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Did a similar thing (by accident) by 'evolving' a fox breed to a new species of dogs over 10 fox generations (10 years).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Belyaev

  29. My grandpa by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

    He NEVER caught the big fish. He didn't even try. His tactic was to put a tiny little hook on his line and sit in the shallows. In 3 or 4 hours he'd have about a hundred tiny little bluegills. Of course, he'd have to clean all those bitty fish, but he didn't mind. Once they were fried up with a little batter on them, you could eat them whole like sardines and they were FUCKING DELICIOUS.

    --
    Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    1. Re:My grandpa by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fucking piker! My great grandpa put a bee sting on the end of a line went out to catch krill. Take half a lifetime to catch a plate full, and cleaning them took the other half. Real easy to miss those itty bitty bones. Wouldn't wanna choke on those mothers.

  30. "Undesirable"? by argent · · Score: 1

    It's desirable to the fish. Personally, if I was smaller and lived longer I'd consider that a pretty decent trade-off.

  31. what no laser beams on their heads by BlackSnake112 · · Score: 1

    No one posted a comment about getting fish to have laser beams on their heads? Sharks are preferred, but sharks are fish. The little one with little lasers only annoy. We want really big ones with huge lasers to take out our targets!

    As someone who does go fishing, I am sort of concerned with this. Commercial fishing has always had a different set of rules then recreational fishing. For example: flounder (or summer flounder or fluke) in my state the size limit is 18 inches with a bag limit of 4 in 2008 (I have to look up 2009 rules). The commercial fleet is allowed 12 inch fish and has a tonnage limit. Once they hit that limit, they are done.

    The season was closed for a 10 day period which happened to fall right when those fish were biting the best. The fleet got close to the limit before the short close break. Then their catch got reset to zero. So after the break they can catch the entire quota again. The closing and quota reset allowed the commercial fleet to almost double their catch for the year. Not so fair and talk about depleting the fish stocks.

    The article is talking about silver sides/spearing/shiners these are a bait fish. I have seen them ranging is size from 1/2 inch to 9 inches long. Not sure about weight, since these are small bait fish. The schools of them in the ocean are fewer then past years. So are the tuna and other fish we are going for. So more bait (food) should help the other fish that feed on them. Time will tell. Farming these bait fish and releasing them into the wild should be doable. I have not heard about any size limits on these bait fish. Now I need to read about how that Japanese guy is making out with the farming of blue fin tuna. If we can farm and release into the wild game fish people want, that would be great and help with the fish stocks. We can just farm these fish then send them to market, but there are those who still want to catch them.

    1. Re:what no laser beams on their heads by falconwolf · · Score: 1

      Now I need to read about how that Japanese guy is making out with the farming of blue fin tuna. If we can farm and release into the wild game fish people want, that would be great and help with the fish stocks. We can just farm these fish then send them to market, but there are those who still want to catch them.

      There are problems with farmed fish. One is that farmed fish require vast amounts of feed stock. To produce 1 pound of fish for the table 5 pounds of fish are required. That feed stock has to be caught in nets, unfortunately large fish as well as the small feed stock fish are caught. A second problem is that aquaculture creates dead zones underneath the pens which kills more wildlife. Then with all the fish penned in a small volume they spread diseases readily. In order to prevent this they have to be given antibiotics which further degrades the environment.

      Now there a method of aquaculture that doesn't have these problem, though they may have others. In Asia and India [pdf] fish are farmed by flooding a coastal area then closing the egresses. The fish penned are allowed to grow naturally until large enough before being harvested. When harvested the land is allowed to drain and because of all the fish manure makes good fertilizer it's good for planting crops like rice. It's also possible to farm fish and rice at the same tyme.

      Falcon

  32. Do you know what Darwin's book was called? by argent · · Score: 1

    It wasn't called "evolution", it was called "The Origin of the Species".

    The debate is not over whether "evolution" occurs. Evolution is just iterated selection. The debate is over whether evolution leads to speciation.

    1. Re:Do you know what Darwin's book was called? by wurble · · Score: 1

      What separates two species form one another is a rather arbitrary set of rules invented by human beings, and not always so clearly marked. The concept of different species is an entirely artificial construct, and thus whether or not evolution brings it about is a somewhat pointless question if you seek some kind of deeper knowledge into the nature of life. This is made all the more true when you realize that the definition of species has changed and continues to change to fit new models.

      Life does not really fit into different discrete categories very well because there tend to be a lot of gradients. Personally I think eventually they will come up with a better model for life than the current one involving various hierarchies. Perhaps one that maps genetic drift as opposed to cataloging physical traits.

    2. Re:Do you know what Darwin's book was called? by argent · · Score: 1

      whether or not evolution brings it about is a somewhat pointless question if you seek some kind of deeper knowledge into the nature of life.

      The people generally expressing surprised concern over the question of whether evolution leads to speciation don't strike me as being terribly interested in any kind of "deeper knowledge", but are rather attempting to muddy the waters in favor of their personal religious beliefs.

  33. Same thing happened to us.. by chord.wav · · Score: 2, Funny

    Our ancestors were all strong and built like Schwarzenegger before the Predators came and hunted them down.

  34. Why call it 'artificial'? by bsmoor01 · · Score: 1

    Just because humans are influencing the system, why is this artificial? We've exerted selection pressure on fish, and they have adapted to fit the pressure. How's this different from any other predator influencing a population?

    1. Re:Why call it 'artificial'? by josepha48 · · Score: 1
      I agree, it's not artificial. Evolution is, in part, about adaption due to changes.

      On another note, though, I don't think they are not growing as big, I think that they are not getting a chance to grow as big. There was a show on National Geographic called Hooked: Monster Fish (http://shopngvideos.com/products/hooked_monster_fish). There are fish growing to be large, we just eat them. Could we just be overfishing the larger ones?

      Fish do grow smaller when tank raised though.

      --

      Only 'flamers' flame!
      Does slashdot hate my posts?

    2. Re:Why call it 'artificial'? by The+End+Of+Days · · Score: 1

      I think calling this process artificial springs from the same lack of understanding that leads people to make a magical distinction about what can be considered a chemical.

    3. Re:Why call it 'artificial'? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As I understand it, the distinction between natural or artificial is specifically whether humans are involved or not.

      Humans influence system -> artificial
      Humans do not influence system -> natural

  35. It's not an "undo" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I do take issue with this characterization:

          This study demonstrates for the first time ever that
          detrimental evolution in fish can be reversed, and
          pokes a gaping hole in theoretical models suggesting
          that genetic changes are impossible to "undo."

    I don't think pushing the population back towards larger fish would exactly restore them to the genetic state that preceded our earlier intervention; the fish would probably find a different way to get bigger. This isn't an "undo."
          -- kieran hervold

  36. religious or spiritual beliefs by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    I would hazard a guess that there is a much higher percentage of atheists and agnostics among slashdotters than what is in the general population, so I just don't get the whole ascribing good/evil tags to human impact upon evolution. As I understand it, there is no right or wrong in evolution, only cause and effect.

    I have said a number of tymes on /. that I am agnostic, "a" - without and "gnosys" - knowledge and so without knowledge as far as a higher power or being, but I still believe in good and bad. They are not exclusively a matter of religion or spirituality but are also part of ethics.

    Falcon

    1. Re:religious or spiritual beliefs by canUbeleiveIT · · Score: 1

      Respectfully, I guess that I never quite understood that. Outside the context of the supernatural, how is behavior either good or bad? Why isn't it just homo sapiens behavior, like it would be in any other species?

      That behavior is either good or bad implies that we have a choice in our behavior (i.e. free will). No one has ever made a strong case to me that--outside the existence of a higher being--that we're all not in a completely deterministic universe. If you subscribe to the notion that the exact cause will always have the exact effect, one might say that the fact that I'm sitting in my kitchen, typing badly on my laptop was preordained from very first instant that time began.

      Of course there are those who will invoke the mysteries of quantum theory but, once we have broken the inviolable bond between cause and effect, what can ever truly be known and how do right and wrong exist?

  37. Think by WillKemp · · Score: 1

    What do the smart people out there think about this?

    Who cares? I want to know what the fish think!

  38. Two effects by russotto · · Score: 1

    Seems to me that the trick is separating two effects

    1) Fish which are larger because they are older are removed from the population, leaving the population on average smaller but not necessarily changing the genetic makeup.

    2) Fish with genes which make them larger are removed from the population, leaving the population on average smaller, and reducing the frequency of "big fish" genes.

    Leaving the population alone will eventually reverse the first effect. The second effect, on the other hand, should be permanent unless there is selection pressure for "big fish" genes. However, since the article states that bigger fish produce more offspring, it's rather likely that there is such pressure, so the researcher's results make sense.

  39. good and bad by falconwolf · · Score: 1

    Respectfully, I guess that I never quite understood that. Outside the context of the supernatural, how is behavior either good or bad? Why isn't it just homo sapiens behavior, like it would be in any other species?

    We all have our own ideas of what's good or bad.

    That behavior is either good or bad implies that we have a choice in our behavior (i.e. free will).

    To a certain extent we all have free will, though not all of us can control our behavior all the tyme. I used to be easy going and didn't get angry, mad, or self defensive much. But now I know I can't always control myself. More than 10 years ago I survived a TBI or Traumatic Brain Injury and lost some abilities because of it. And I do mean "survived", while I was in a coma the docs told my family it would be a miracle if I lived. I disagree with those docs but that's something else.

    Falcon

  40. Obligatory Steely Dan by onemorechip · · Score: 1

    Throw back the little ones
    and pan-fry the big ones
    use tact, poise and reason
    and gently squeeze them

    --
    But, I wanted socialized health insurance!
  41. The End of Days mods himself up with diff. account by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793

    The End of Days I read that you admit to using multiple accounts to mod "the End of Days" up thru using many other registered accounts you have here so you can "support yourself" and to mod others down and by your also using ac posts to bother others too. That makes you a loser and I saw you admitting it there.

  42. End of Days mods himself up w/ diff. accounts by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793

    The End of Days admits to using multiple registered accounts to mod "the End of Days" up by using many other registered accounts he has here so he can "support himself" and to also do the same to mod others down and then using ac posts to bother them more. That makes you a loser and I saw you admitting it there in that url above. How humiliating and stupid of you to be caught doing that.

  43. For this reason: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    When I was in school, I used the following definitions:

    *Evolution is a process in which natural selection causes speciation.
    *Two organisms are members of the same species if they can interbreed and produce viable offspring.

    Presumably, these new smaller fish could still interbreed with fish of the earlier type and produce viable offspring. If that were the case, then it would seem that speciation has not occurred and neither has evolution.

    (I am not a biology major.)

  44. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by The+End+Of+Days · · Score: 1

    Awww, you're stalking me. I'm honored. Thank you.

  45. Disruptive evolution by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    By setting min size limits as well as max size limits you get what's called disruptive evolution (IIRC). I.e.
    one species will be pushed to divide into 2 different species, one of them being smaller than the size limit,
    other one largr than the size limit, with nothing in between.

  46. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is his standard MO - see here.

  47. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Modding yourself up using multiple account here and you admitted to it -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 ? You really are a loser aren't you? You're only getting back in return what you do to others, except in this case you were caught in the lame means you use to do it by using multiple registered accounts and then ac's on top of that so it appears you have 'backing'... lmao!

  48. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Everyone knows Jay Little publicly & hugely blew it @ Windows IT Pro mag's forums when apk pointed out to Jay Little that exchange can be helped by memory optimizers, where memory optimization program techniques are shown and recommended by MS as a fix to unstall a frozen exchange servers, after Jay Little proclaimed he was an expert on Exchange. in the "Memory Optimization Hoax" article.

    Some expert Jay Little is, lol! An expert at looking the fool, planetwide.

    On that same article apk not only showed he has had to help fix Dr. Russinovich's software in pagedefrag (by catching a rookie level hardcode on PHD M. Russinovich's code, as well as giving him the rationale why, and Dr. Russinovich thanked apk for it) but, where he also got Jay Little to look like a complete fool in front of the planet? Yes, it was.

    I read the article where apk also put out 12 other points showing the same and it left all the 'naysayers', including Dr. Russinovich, without a valid response that disproved any of those same 12 points apk put out.

    That is also where Jay Little shamefully left after also claming he hacked apk's system and stole his code but when asked to provide it, he had nothing and then had his page over at petitiononline.com removed for other stupidity he was doing and had his isp track him for it and email harassment also (which Jay Little and Jeremy Reimer ceased immediately), along with his friends.

    Friends like Jeremy Reimer, the total "fake it till you make it" arstechnica goof who has no degree or certifications in computer sciences, nor years to decades of hands on professional experience in them either (who also tries to come off as a computer expert, lol, like Jay Little) where Reimer had portions of his website removed by his hosting provider for his website, and where he was also caught impersonating and libelling others (kind of like "The End of Days" does here under his multiple registered accounts -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 rotflmao).

    Jeremy Reimer even impersonated a person named Martin Meszaros who denounced Reimer publicly for it in the end of that article also.

    That's what I saw and what caused the fat buffoon Jay Little to libel apk. Pure "geek angst". Talk about embarassing.

    (When that's all you have, little PERSONAL website rants? Well, you are just another "not man", like "The End of Days" is here using his multiple registered accounts to mod himself up and support himself, then using ac accounts to do the same. What a set of losers, lmao).

  49. involve the AA before the ocean gets drunk! by freaker_TuC · · Score: 1

    Involve the AA! Send them to the bottom of the ocean to change those bottom-dwelling creatures to live without alcohol!
    Yes! You fish can do it too! Send in the Alcohol Anemones!

    --
    --- I am known for the ones who want to find me on the net. Is that a privacy risk or a privilege? One might wonder..
  50. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Never mind all that, I was talking about the crazy stalking. Can't you ever let go?

  51. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Other way around: Jay Little & Jeremy Reimer stalk apk over @ Windows IT Pro mag article "The Memory Optimization Hoax"? I read that article and it definitely appeared to me they had because apk was there 1st & then Reimer showed up off topic the whole time and was caught impersonating not only apk, but also a Mr. Martin Meszaros, and had his website taken apart for it by law enforcement and his hosting provider. I'd find better "sources" for your tirade, because, lol, @ this point it's very obvious that Jay Little who shot his mouth off over at a widely travelled forums and got himself kicked out of them after libelling others and for making statements that proved untrue in regards to Microsoft Exchange which he claimed he was an expert in and proved publicly he was anything but that. He is now frustrated into continuing his libellous tirade on his personal website. I also saw Jay Little get the boot over at msdn a couple times for the same type of behavior. Jay Little is a frustrated nobody and everyone knows it online. It's hilarious. Jay Little's rant just doesn't stand up very well versus the facts noted in the posting above yours. If anyone is stalking anyone it is probably Jay Little and Jeremy Reimer once again because after all, didn't they show up at Windows IT Pro magazine forums after falsely impersonating apk as well as making threats to his family's homes on Jeremy Reimer's website (OSY) It is all there at Windows IT Pro magazine forums in the "Memory Optimizaton Hoax", but strangely, none of that is mentioned (or even providing a url to the Windows IT Pro mag forum where Jay Little got whipped badly "oddly enough" (not)). Just like "The End of Days" hiding his post history here now, because he has been exposed as a multiple registered account user by his own words, and he mods himself up using them (low) as well as harassing others using them, and to 'support himself' here. What a loser.

  52. Hiding your post history here, The End of Days? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject and url above:

    "The End of Days", lol, now it's obvious you have hidden your post history here, after you admitted you use multiple registered accounts here to mod yourself up & make it appear that you have the backing of others here in your postings, and you are now trying to hide that evidence.

    Evidence of that? Read here, all reading -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 [slashdot.org]

    That makes you a total loser "The End of Days", rotflmao, and now everyone here knows it and should know it.

    It now appears, based on your "hide my post history reaction", lol, that the pressure of the truth of your own words has forced you to try to hide that evidence, lol, which only adds to your admission of guilt.

    Hilarious, predictable, and an exposure to all reading of just how LOW you are.

  53. I'd leave out of shame were I you The End of Days by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The End of Days, you're busted. I'd never do anything like that (as I cannot because I post as ac and can't mod myself up as you obviously have been exposed in doing on your part on these forums) but, I would think most others caught thus would leave or use another of your other multiple registered accounts here that you admit you have and be done with bothering others as you have and were caught in through your exchanges this week on this forums.

    Don't you have any pride or shame?

    Apparently not, especially on pride, even when you are caught in doing what you have with your own words no less.

    (It must be true what was said through the exchange there that losers that have never accomplished anything that's ever been noted by others, especially in the field of computers and in noted respected publications, have no pride. Especially ones like yourself "The End of Days", who post here using multiple registered accounts as you do to get upward bound moderation points here and to support yourself via those accounts and ac replies on your part too and with you now hiding your post history to try to hide this proof of you doing all of the above -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 )

  54. Re:I'd leave out of shame were I you The End of Da by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    APK, you're a fucking nutcase.

  55. A profane reaction only shows your guilt moreso by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Your profane reaction only shows your guilt via YOUR own words here -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 where you admit you use multiple registered accounts to mod your "The End of Days" posts up, and to harass others, as well as trying to create the illusion of others supporting your posts' points.

    Wow. Talk about STUPID, rotflmao.

    That's in addition to your frothing @ the mouth, lol, raging replies here now via ac account type replies "The End of Days", and now seeing you hiding your post history on your personal page here only evidences it all the more (not that it will do any good, you'll see). You stalked people here all week, & probably longer, so it is only giving you back your own medicine.

    AND, after all: The URL above's where you admitted to using multiple registered accounts here to mod yourself up and make it appear that others back you here. Nobody said that, but good ole' "The End of Days" (who is probably Jeremy Reimer or Jay Little).

    (Stalking others, being off topic doing so, and impersonating others? Those are typical arstechnica maneuvers of both Jay Little and Jeremy Reimer, who stalked apk to Windows IT Pro and to NTCompatible.com also after Jay Little that obese pompous buffoon blew it for himself, because he "oddly omits" ANY links to Windows IT Pro's article in his rant on his website... where he claimed he was an "expert on exchange", verbatim & literally, and was shown to be anything but that, when he failed to show that he was aware of the fact that Microsoft even advises the use of a memory optimization program to flush out fragmented memory to make exchange work again)

    Jeremy Reimer posted also as "waarheid" and on his own forums admitted to posting as other names @ the Windows IT Pro forums. I have the article on screen now and am amazed at such stupidity. Only from Reiemr, lol, could this be possible. Utterly hilarious.

    So, thank you: Especially considering the evidence that you so graciously provided shows that much from "The Memory Optimization Hoax" of Dr. Mark Russinovich's over @ Windows IT Pro shows your "sources" to be anything but valid (or honorable) - worms like the arstechnica gang (Jeremy Reimer & Jay Little)?

    The arstech gang, like usual, is TOO easy to catch, just like you here now "The End of Days".

    In fact, friends of mine are sitting here saying "I bet End of Days is either Jeremy Reimer or Jay Little".

    I won't bet them that it's not they, because it is a good chance it is, they never change (and they always show their true colors and get caught impersonating & libelling others, lol, & get their websites removed from hosting providers (CrystalTech.com & petitiononline.com in Jay Little's case, total removals of his website, rotflmao... & Reimer having both his ISP + local law enforcement in Canada where he is from in a Detective Felton stopping him in his libellous tracks)).

    You must be gluttons for punishment, as well as stupid, because your tricks (same as usual) always fail, lol, and blow up in your faces everytime. Too easy, & you only do that to yourself, everytime.

    That said?

    I've heard a saying that "insanity is repeating the same mistakes over and over again", & it appears you are doing it once more now, in posting as others, as is the "arstechnica proven modus operandi", which the Windows IT Pro article only shows more of on their part from the past.

    Please - Keep providing the ammunition to shoot yourself down more, won't you? You're doing such a good job of it after all, lol!

    So, because everywhere "The End of Days" posts, his admission of using multiple registered accounts here to mod himself up will appear right there to notify others that he is a low worm online (we all know the type) who got caught doing it.

  56. Where's your PHD in psychiatry to say that? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Care to show us your PHD in psychiatry you have in order to back that statement (you know - the PHD you don't have)?

    (Or, is it just that harassment, & libel, are your style alongside profane frothing @ the mouth replies like the one I am replying to here??)

    Funny though, that that is Jay Little & Jeremy Reimer's style, also (they're the same arstechnica cretins you cited)! After all, lol - they TRY to use that exact same style that had them have law enforcement, their isps, and hosting providers track them and kick them off their servers in the end for and stop them cold for online also.

    Face it - You're busted posting here under multiple accounts to support yourself and mod yourself up, just like Jeremy Reimer and Jay Little were caught doing @ Windows it pro magazine forums in "The Memory Optimization Hoax" article: UTTERLY HILARIOUS, thanks for the humor clown.

    (AND, How "coincidental" that YOU use the same techniques, and like the arstechnica fools Jeremy Reimer and Jay Little? LOL - you get caught in them as you were here -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 )

    I've got to thank you, again, for helping me out by posting Jay Little's "Private Rant" for his own problem of making himself look like a fool at both ms technet, msdn forums, & on Windows IT Pro (where he was kicked out of all of those spots for it and now is a pariah online) also, & it is VERY FUNNY why Jay Little omits putting any urls to where it started over @ Windows IT Pro forums on his personal website page (that was laughingly removed by 2 hosting providers already in CrystalTech.com &/or petitiononline.com for death threats).

    1. Re:Where's your PHD in psychiatry to say that? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't need my BSc Psychology to tell that you have certain personality disorders, but it helps.

  57. Proof of your degree, & LICENSE TO PRACTICE? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Proof of that PHD, + a formal analysis, & a license to practice would be nice to see on your end in regards to your libellous statement.

    (Because without it as well as doing an analysis of someone, I'd say that's libel. (However, everyone here reading knows you won't post proof of said degree on your part and that arstechica's Jeremy Reimer and Jay Little are no strangers to that from the evidence you graciously provided above)).

    Botton-line on said degree? I don't believe you have one that is completed @ least. You're not fooling anyone, because if you had said training? You'd know a formal analysis would be conducted in order to make such an estimation. Physicians are required to do the same, when declaring someone physically unfit, that this is just std. scientific procedures & methods, & professional conduct.

    Example? Hey, I can say "I am Bill Gates" online too you know, even though I am not. Not everyone lies like you arstech losers do, and if they do? They don't get cold busted as you have, lol!

    Arstechnica people (which I also feel you are because you use the same tactics and get caught in them as they did over @ Windows IT Pro, which is why no reputable sites will post Jeremy Reimer's plagiarous re-submissions of others findings in his "reporting" (more like regurgitating))?

    They sure are not big on proofs, truth, or being honorable (obvious here, everyone knows they are the "arseholes" of arstechnica). LOL, but they sure are big on posting as others, just like "The End of Days" does -> http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1147437&cid=27056793 )

    Gee, how "coincidental" (not). Jeremy Reimer was caught posting over @ Windows IT Pro mag as Jeremy Reimer, waarheid, veritas, & others and was caught admitting to it no less, which is what got him into hot water with law enforcement, his isp, and his hosting provider (all of whom removed large tracts of his website forums posts)

    &

    Jay Little his fat lackey was completely ousted from both CrystalTech.com & petitiononline.com for death threats, libel, & other stupidities.

    (I can see Jay being miserable though, because 1 look @ him tells the tale on that much (grotesquely fat - we ought to put him on the show "THE BIGGEST LOSER" & not just because he is fat, lol).

    Anyone reading, as have my friends here now, can make their own judgements, but it is clear that since you brought up Jay Little earlier here (who has no urls to where he shamed himself at Windows it pro mag forums where it began with he harassing & stalking apk online), you are either he or Jeremy Reimer. Either way, again like usual? You lose and shamed yourself (but, you having no pride or visible practically useful accomplishments others have noted online does make sense why you have no pride: You have nothing to be proud of).

  58. Re:Proof of your degree, & LICENSE TO PRACTICE by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I pity you, I really do.

  59. You gave yourselves away Mr. Reimer & Mr. Litt by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It is obvious that you have a posting pattern you use here once caught using multiple registered accounts here as you have to try to mod yourself up or support yourself, you then begin using anonymous coward replies in steady succession afterwards, yet no registered ones appear afterwards.

    That's one way you give yourself away and after your profane replies here you lost any believability also.

    Grow up and realize you've been caught in the act, and use another of your many registered accounts. I am almost certain that in doing so, You will probably try stalk this apk person again because your kind has no pride as was already stated here to which you have begun yet another A\C tirade and most likely you will lose again Mr. Jeremy Reimer or Mr. Jay Little

    (and yes apk or anybody else who has put this red handed caught in the act impersonator of others online, I think it is Jeremy Reimer or his friend fatman Jay Little who they brought up above no less and gave themselves away with. I liked how you drew your conclusions because I felt great minds think alike).

  60. You've been stalking him all week (saw your hist) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    He didn't start things, you did, where you were caught admitting you post as other registered user accounts here and then I took a look at your history of posts which you have tried to hide today and saw it is you starting trouble. No wonder you have been getting modded down all week. Between hiding your history now though and you literally admitting to posting as others here, you look like a 1st class loser.

    Sorry but you do.

    I'd start using your other accounts and chalk it off to defeat, but above all else take your own advice, & let it go. I saw what happenened to Reimer and Little while reading at Windows it pro and they act "just like you" (you are one of them imo), but, it's your life if you want to be continually making this apk look good for catching you in the act for the second time now online.

    Insanity is always repeating the same mistake over and over as was said, and judging by how obvious you are, you must only possess an idiot's intelligence quotient, because 2 times now you have lost your ass online, once here now and over at windows it pro where you do not control the forums Jeremy Reimer (or Jay Little) and one'd think you would have learned by now, or, are stupid or that you are indeed a whacko.

  61. Jay Little stars on "the biggest loser" (as luser) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I went to his website and that jay little is so fat he belongs on that new show about fat people losing weight called "The Biggest Loser" but not only because he is fat. I saw that moron posting as mrjay and jay little on the microsoft forums where he was kicked out for the same kind of moronic idiocy he is spewing on his puny website. It was funny as others have noted here how he put down this apk guy but Jay Little never once mentions why or lets you see a url to windows it pro forums where he had to run for stalking apk, making threats on his life, and then later screwing up stating he was an 'expert at exchange' and when that apk guy showed him that microsoft recommended memory optimizers for stopping memory fragmentation problems on exchange server and jay little had to admit he was not aware of that I knew that he was no expert. He then ran after stalking apk to ntcompatible.com and jay little got kicked out over there too and other arstech guys in dosfreak and others there oddly berated him also. Overall it was hilarious.

  62. Re:The End of Days mods himself up with diff. acco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    FYI, this is another of his accounts: http://slashdot.org/~Frozen+Void