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Russian Manned Space Vehicle May Land With Rockets

The Narrative Fallacy writes "Russia's next-generation manned space vehicle may be equipped with thrusters to perform a precision landing on its return to Earth. Previous manned missions have landed on Earth using a parachute or, in the case of space shuttles, a pair of wings. Combined with retractable landing legs and a re-usable thermal protection system, the new system promises to enable not only a safe return to Earth, but also the possibility of performing multiple space missions with the same crew capsule. The spacecraft will fire its engines at an altitude of just 600-800m, as the capsule is streaking toward Earth after re-entering the atmosphere at the end of its mission. After a vertical descent, the precision landing would be initiated at the altitude of 30m above the surface. Last July, Korolev-based RKK Energia released the first drawings of a multi-purpose transport ship, known as the Advanced Crew Transportation System (ACTS), which, at the time, Russia had hoped to develop in co-operation with Europe. 'It was explained to us how it was supposed to work and, I think, from the technical point of view, there is no doubt that this concept would work,' says Christian Bank, the leading designer of manned space systems at EADS-Astrium in Bremen, Germany. However, the design of the spacecraft's crew capsule had raised eyebrows in some quarters, as it lacked a parachute — instead sporting a cluster of 12 soft-landing rockets, burning solid propellant. Inside Russia, the idea apparently has many detractors. During the formal defense of the project, one high-ranking official skeptical of the rocket-cushioned approach to landing reportedly used an unprintable expletive to describe what was going to happen to crew members unlucky enough to encounter a rocket engine failure a few seconds before touchdown."

50 of 197 comments (clear)

  1. Unprintable expletive? by religious+freak · · Score: 4, Funny

    Of all the crap I've seen on /. I didn't realize we had unprintable expletives around here? Now, I'm curious - what could be so bad that it can't be printed on a /. page?!

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    1. Re:Unprintable expletive? by Chasmyr · · Score: 2, Funny

      what could be so bad that it can't be printed on a /. page?!

      Well he could have been running around the stage pretending he was an airplane.

    2. Re:Unprintable expletive? by Red+Flayer · · Score: 4, Funny

      I didn't realize we had unprintable expletives around here? Now, I'm curious - what could be so bad that it can't be printed on a /. page?

      Remember, the expletive was in Russian.

      Obviously, the expletive would be written using the Cyrillic alphabet, which, due to lack of UTF-8 support, is unprintable on slashdot.

      Also, in Soviet Russia, unknown expletive cannot print you.

      --
      "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
    3. Re:Unprintable expletive? by clyde_cadiddlehopper · · Score: 4, Funny

      Must be related to the unpronounceable symbol

      --
      Obi-Wan: "I felt a great disturbance in the Force, as if millions of voices suddenly cried out in terror and were sudden
    4. Re:Unprintable expletive? by camperdave · · Score: 3, Funny

      Um... That's pronounced "Publicity Stunt".

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    5. Re:Unprintable expletive? by mea37 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You must be new here.

      It's not a question of "what's unprintable on slashdot".

      It's a question of "from whence was the summary text plagiarized, and what is considered unprintable there".

  2. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 2, Funny

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  3. Unicode support by TheLink · · Score: 4, Funny

    It's Russian, and Slashdot doesn't support the russian alphabet well?

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    1. Re:Unicode support by srmalloy · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's the BBC; if he used a term in Mat', the colloquial translation would be outside the range of what could be considered 'good taste', and in many cases the literal translation would be equally vulgar.

    2. Re:Unicode support by moxley · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Thanks Srmalloy - learning about Russian "Mat" was the most interesting thing I read today while avoiding work.

      With my newfound skill, I am sure you'll understand when I say 'Yob tvoyu mat' that it is in the spirit of friendship.

  4. Using rockets for breaking? by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Funny

    That's so retro.

    --
    I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    1. Re:Using rockets for breaking? by ArcherB · · Score: 5, Funny

      retro as they are, the rockets are used for braking to stop the cosmonauts breaking

      or...

      If the retro retro's break, there will be no brakes to break the fall and the cosmonauts will become cosmo-nots.

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      There is no "I disagree" mod for a reason. Flamebait, Troll, and Overrated are not substitutes.
    2. Re:Using rockets for breaking? by Daravon · · Score: 3, Funny

      If the retro retro's break, there will be no brakes to break the fall and the cosmonauts will become cosmo-nots.

      Burma Shave.

      --
      I traded all my mod points for these magic beans.
  5. Re:"unprintable expletive" by Maximum+Prophet · · Score: 2, Interesting

    In most languages copulation isn't an expletive. A native German speaker told me that the worst he could think of was "Go to the Devil", in Deutch.

    --
    All ideas^H^H^H^H^Hprocesses in this post are Patent Pending. (as well as the process of patenting all postings)
  6. Weight problems? by eebra82 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    In other words, they must think that adding that extra fuel weight (for landing) is worth the extra fuel weight that is needed to launch the rockets into space. After all, the landing fuel will cost them a lot of extra weight. I don't know how much extra it would be, but it doesn't sound like a good idea.

    1. Re:Weight problems? by Red+Flayer · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yes, but how heavy were the parachute, parachute deployment system, and parachute shielding system that they were able to remove?

      --
      "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
    2. Re:Weight problems? by snaz555 · · Score: 5, Informative

      Without use of Kazakhstan, Russia has only a narrow strip of land that stretches far enough south to be worth launching from - and landing at. And this is not a flat desert wasteland. The reason for the rockets is to allow for a controlled landing. Parachutes are more suited for an ocean or desert landing where a few miles of accuracy doesn't make much difference. Presumably they figured that the weight of the landing system is outweighed by the benefit of launching (and landing) at a more southern latitude. Ocean landings aren't exactly free, either.

  7. Old news? by AZScotsman · · Score: 5, Informative

    McDonnell-Douglas did this almost 20 years ago - the DC-X (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-X), later known as the Delta Clipper.

    1. Re:Old news? by AZScotsman · · Score: 4, Informative

      The original DC-X was a half-scale (IIRC) version just designed to demo the tech of "Landing on your own tailfire", and all the initial flights were tethered. Flew several times in '93 and '94, but the final flight in '96 experienced a hydraulic line failure in one of the struts, and tipped over. In a "full-up" system, a backup manual extender would have mitigated the problem.

      Good info on the flights are found on NASA's Website http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/x-33/dc-xa.htm

  8. Re:Expletive vial even to non-Russians? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Belgium

  9. Seems Pretty Inefficient by Kozar_The_Malignant · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It seems pretty inefficient to carry the fuel mass for the retro rocket braking all the way up out of the gravity well into orbit and then back down into the gravity well so you can use it in the last kilometer of the flight. There doesn't seem any way to stop at a gas station on the way down, but maybe they are planning on lifting the fuel to orbit on non-reusable tankers, which also seems inefficient. In something like this, inefficient equates to really fucking expensive.

    --
    Some mornings it's hardly worth chewing through the restraints to get out of bed.
    1. Re:Seems Pretty Inefficient by OolimPhon · · Score: 4, Informative

      From TFA, the fuel is solid. Not easy to refill from tankers.

    2. Re:Seems Pretty Inefficient by arielCo · · Score: 2, Interesting

      It seems pretty inefficient to carry the fuel mass for the retro rocket braking all the way up out of the gravity well into orbit and then back down into the gravity well so you can use it in the last kilometer of the flight.

      In other words, spend additional energy to take more energy up with you, which you will spend dissipating all of the energy you gained going up.

      That, or to keep taking advantage of the viscous gas you'll find on the way down to brake, where available. If you want precision, then you add a bit of chemically-generated thrust to steer. Where there's not enough gas (Mars and smaller), gravity may be weak enough to make the DC-X approach add up.

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      This post contains no rudeness or derision of any kind. All arguments are friendly. Terms and exclusions may apply.
    3. Re:Seems Pretty Inefficient by evanbd · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Your choices are rockets, parachutes, wings and landing gear, or a variety of weird and exotic options (like deploying helicopter blades; see the Roton concepts). There are a variety of reasons to prefer rockets to parachutes (and vice versa). The rockets are likely somewhat heavier than the parachutes and their deployment system, but I suspect the weight difference is small enough that the decision would likely be made on the basis of operational advantages (like being able to do a landing on solid ground instead of the ocean easily).

      The American space program seems to be of the opinion that everything should be as light weight and efficient as possible, without regard to other criteria. The Russians, on the other hand, have a long history of being willing to build larger, heavier, less efficient rockets in order to make operations easier. Personally, I think the Russian approach is better -- the correct figure of merit to optimize is not liftoff weight, but cost. If you can develop, build, and/or operate more cheaply by spending more weight on the problem, that's a win in my book.

  10. High-G landing? by cdrguru · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Let's see, how fast might the ship being going when the landing system kicks in? Falling from orbit to the ground is going to produce a lot of velocity to bleed off in apparently a very short time. The shuttle uses both atmospheric braking and S-turns to bleed off velocity and still lands pretty darn fast.

    It sounds like this just falls without a chute. I'm not going to do the math, but even if it is subsonic at 800m, you are going to have to brake like mad at the end. 10G braking? 20G doesn't sound like it would be outlandish. OK, so it is a short period of time and with solid-fuel rockets it is just one pulse. But it sounds like it would be ohe heck of a pulse.

    1. Re:High-G landing? by starglider29a · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Something is amiss here. The energy to stop a falling box of people is APPROXIMATELY* the same energy is takes to get it up to where it fell FROM.

      If this could REALLY work as described, we wouldn't need a whole stinking stage to get the box o'humans UP into space. Email me when this works. If it doesn't, I'll hear about it.

      *Yes, the atmosphere drags both ways, but the speed it gains from falling 100,000m to 800m is less than what it would lose punching through the atmosphere.

    2. Re:High-G landing? by RobertB-DC · · Score: 4, Funny

      It sounds like this just falls without a chute. I'm not going to do the math, but even if it is subsonic at 800m, you are going to have to brake like mad at the end. 10G braking? 20G doesn't sound like it would be outlandish. OK, so it is a short period of time and with solid-fuel rockets it is just one pulse. But it sounds like it would be ohe heck of a pulse.

      You're missing the point, though. Gravity is an *acceleration*. These guys will be *decelerating*. You know, like zero gee is zero acceleration? Since they'll be slowing down, they won't feel a thing. It's genius!

      (I can feel the karma draining now...)

      --
      Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
    3. Re:High-G landing? by Aranykai · · Score: 2, Informative

      Lol, you accidentally the whole equation.

      --
      If sharing a song makes you a pirate, what do I have to share to be a ninja?
    4. Re:High-G landing? by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Capsules don't just plummet vertically through the atmosphere. They spend most of the reentry going almost horizontally bleeding off speed. Most of them also angle the heat shield so that they get a good deal of lift, and they "fly" for a more gentle reentry.

      In any case, a capsule must slow down to less than hypersonic speeds before deploying a parachute. Otherwise the parachute would burn up and/or be ripped to shreds.

      Once a capsule is going slowly enough to put out a chute, it doesn't have all that much kinetic energy. Small retrorockets would be sufficient to stop it instead.

    5. Re:High-G landing? by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Something is amiss here. The energy to stop a falling box of people is APPROXIMATELY* the same energy is takes to get it up to where it fell FROM.

      If this could REALLY work as described, we wouldn't need a whole stinking stage to get the box o'humans UP into space. Email me when this works. If it doesn't, I'll hear about it.

      You missed one crucial factor here: terminal velocity. An object falling down to Earth does not accelerate indefinitely, but only until the force of air resistance (which, naturally, grows as speed increases) becomes large enough to offset the gravity completely - at that point, the speed is constant. So you only need to be able to brake from that to whatever is safe for touchdown.

      I've no idea what the terminal velocity of this thing would be (it depends on both its mass and profile), but to give some idea of how it works: for a human, that velocity is ~200 km/h. Note that this is no matter how high you jump down from - it will still be the same figure as you approach the surface. It will certainly be higher for the module, but I wonder how much higher...

  11. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  12. Re:"unprintable expletive" by Daimanta · · Score: 2, Funny

    "Chechnya"

    You have insulted my mother you American pig-dog, prepare for a duel!

    --
    Knowledge is power. Knowledge shared is power lost.
  13. Re:Expletive vial even to non-Russians? by Capt.DrumkenBum · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Imagine, an expletive so vial it transcends language barriers."

    I don't have to imagine it. The word you refer to is "Belgium".

    --
    If I were God, wouldn't I protect my churches from acts of me?
  14. Re:Expletive vial even to non-Russians? by snl2587 · · Score: 2, Funny

    You can fit all of that in a vial?

  15. This comes up all the time. by Eevee · · Score: 5, Informative

    It's an urban legend.

  16. Do we know the plan doesn't use air resistance? by JSBiff · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Ok, so the design is based upon rockets, but does it mean that it uses *no* aerodynamic braking at all? I don't know a whole lot about aerodynamics, but I remember from physics class the discussion of drag and terminal velocity. Is it possible that the shape of their vehicle has a relatively slow terminal velocity, so that the rockets don't have to do *that much* braking at the end? Not that I'm saying that I think even requiring a small amount of retro-rocket braking is a good design, but it seems like maybe you are assuming an awful lot about what speed it will be at when they fire the rockets?

    1. Re:Do we know the plan doesn't use air resistance? by evanbd · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I suspect you're absolutely correct. Killing your orbital velocity on rockets alone is almost as hard as getting there in the first place. In fact, if you take the weight of the Apollo heat shields and the amount of delta-v they provide during reentry, you find they get an Isp of around 7000s -- compared to numbers in the range of 260-450 for bipropellant rockets. Heat shields are so vastly superior for the problem that you'd be insane not to use them.

    2. Re:Do we know the plan doesn't use air resistance? by jbb1003 · · Score: 3, Informative

      The energy to stop a falling box of people is nowhere near the same energy it takes to get it up to where it fell from when you're dealing with high speeds. Aerodynamic resistance is signficant even on a bicycle at 30mph, never mind a space reentry behicle.

      The atmospheric drag does work both ways. But on the way up, a rocket presents an aerodynamically efficient profile - i.e pointy bit first. On the way down reentry vehicles go what you might call butt first, presenting the most aerodynamically *inefficient* profile possible.

    3. Re:Do we know the plan doesn't use air resistance? by JSBiff · · Score: 2, Informative

      I think I know what you're talking about. I remember when I was young, going to some sort of space museum (I think it was part of the NASA facility near Cleveland, OH), and they had a space capsule (well, it might have just been a replica - don't remember if it was real or now). But, the capsule was presented 'detached' from the rocket, and it had a very wide, slightly rounded 'bottom', which they said during re-entry orients itself towards the ground, so all the air is colliding with the large surface-area bottom, creating a lot of drag.

      I suppose this proposed Russian design is at least somewhat similar.

    4. Re:Do we know the plan doesn't use air resistance? by treeves · · Score: 2, Interesting

      [Pointy end first = most aerodynamic] is not necessarily true.
      Why do submarines have the big round end in front and the pointy end at the rear?

      --
      ...the future crusty old bastards are already drinking the Kool-Aid.
  17. Re:Sounds more like NASA by fracai · · Score: 5, Informative

    This again? Let it die.

    NASA didn't fund the pen at all.
    When it was developed, BOTH the Russians and the US adopted it's use.
    Before that, they BOTH used grease pencils, because broken graphite and flammable wood are loads of fun in space.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_pen#Uses_in_the_U.S._and_Russian_space_programs

    --
    -- i am jack's amusing sig file
  18. Re:"unprintable expletive" by Chris+Burke · · Score: 5, Funny

    In French Québec, we're lucky enough to combine all four.

    And not just in your profanity!

    --

    The enemies of Democracy are
  19. Don't judge by oldhack · · Score: 4, Funny

    I think this will work. It's used extensively on giant robots in Japanese cartoons.

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  20. Not completely new by Urban+Garlic · · Score: 4, Informative

    The existing Soyuz TMA capsules also have "soft-landing rockets", they're used just at the point of touchdown to cushion the landing. Of course, the TMAs also have a parachute, so it's less of a problem if the landing rockets fail.
    Interestingly, the very first Soyuz TMA had all kinds of other problems, but the landing-rocket part actually worked.

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    2*3*3*3*3*11*251
  21. Synchronize by djdbass · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I don't know the first thing about rocket science, so let me ask the crowd here.

    How do you synchronize the firing of 12 solid fueled rockets?

  22. A precision landing with solid rockets? by roystgnr · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Don't get me wrong, I'm all in favor of spaceships landing on a tail of fire, "the way God and Robert Heinlein intended!" But rocket-powered landings on Earth are a questionable engineering decision even when you get to reuse some of the liquid-fueled rocket engines that you already needed for liftoff and already wanted to recover intact. If you instead have to add extra weight to your upper stage for single-purpose solid rockets of lower ISP, it seems even more dubious.

    And that's before you get into the issue of "solid rockets" and "precision". Even designing a liquid-fueled rocket with adequate throttle control for a gentle landing isn't easy. (It's like brain surgery! Or possibly like some other appropriate metaphor!) But at least throttling liquid fuel consumption rates is possible. Solid rockets basically have just three settings: "off", "on", and "kaboom".

  23. 2174.749 f/s by starglider29a · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Based on this NASA app: http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/termv.html
    • The Apollo Command Module weighed 12773lbf/5806 kg, but the app only takes 10000 lbf.
    • Diameter of 3.9m, 12' 10" yields frontal area of 128.5 square feet.
    • WILD A55 guessing the Drag Coefficient at 1.0 (based on the page: http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/shaped.html)
    • Dropping from an altitude of 100000ft (ha!)

    2174.749 f/s SOMEONE has the wrong terminal velocity. Are we sure this isn't a way to eliminate political dissidents?

  24. Re:"unprintable expletive" by dwiget001 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Had a friend of mine that was Lithuanian. She told me that they had no curse words.

    About the worst thing you could say to someone in Lithuanian was, translated to English: "I hope your rabbit gets mange!"

    Scary words, those.

  25. I thougt by codepunk · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I thought the Ruskie's where smarter than that, sounds like something nasa would propose. Russia has always had a successful space program
    because they use well tested and simple engineering. Just a capsule it goes up and parachutes back to the ground, no wings no crazy rocket
    assisted landing. The higher the component count and complexity the more room for failure.

    --


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  26. Re:"unprintable expletive" by mpiktas · · Score: 2, Informative

    Not exactly. Half of the list are just ordinary words with negative meaning. Lithuanian really lacks strong swearwords of lithuanian origin. So we import the majority from russian, some from polish. But this does not mean that lithuanians swear in foreign language. Usually some description is combined with foreign swearwords to make a satisfactory expletive. The curious side effects of this is that lithuanians can understand perfectly russian swearing, but not vice versa, and that some really bad russian swearwords sometimes can pass just as a salty language. Sometimes I really envy other languages for having original swearwords, lithuanian ones for some reason vanished. I really doubt that they never existed.