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Virus Tamed To Attack Cancer, Cancer Drugs To Treat Alcoholism

ScienceDaily is reporting that scientists at Oxford University seem to have adapted a virus so that it attacks cancer cells but does not hurt healthy cells. "Adenovirus is a DNA virus widely used in cancer therapy but which causes hepatic disease in mice. Professor Len Seymour and colleagues found that introducing sites into the virus genome that are recognized by microRNA 122 leads to hepatic degradation of important viral mRNA, thereby diminishing the virus' ability to adversely affect the liver, while maintaining its ability to replicate in and kill tumor cells." Relatedly, cancer drugs already approved for use may be cross-functional as a treatment for alcohol addiction. "Now, the researchers show that flies and mice treated with erlotinib also grow more sensitive to alcohol. What's more, rats given the cancer-fighting drug spontaneously consumed less alcohol when it was freely available to them. Their taste for another rewarding beverage -- sugar water -- was unaffected."

11 of 128 comments (clear)

  1. Rats consume less alcohol by moon3 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Rats given the cancer-fighting drug spontaneously consumed less alcohol when it was freely available to them

    I didn't know that rats "spontaneously" consume alcohol when it is freely available to them.

  2. Replication is dangerous by toppavak · · Score: 5, Informative

    In any virus intended for therapeutic use in humans, allowing the virus to retain its reproductive mechanisms is just a bad idea. Viruses mutate rapidly and there's no guarantee that such a modified virus might not develop the right signals to enter and reproduce in healthy human cells. More promising efforts using engineered viruses involve the isolated production of viral structural RNA and coat proteins without the complete genome ever being copied or reproduced. This creates viral smart-particles that can be re-engineered to deliver payloads (therapeutics, contrast agents, nanoparticles etc) into targeted cell species. Nanovector is a recent start-up out of NC State University to commercialize this tech developed at a lab I used to work in as an undergrad.

    1. Re:Replication is dangerous by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Not as dangerous as you'd think...Viruses pick up DNA strands from the host as they are made by the hosts cells, this is primarily what causes rapid mutation and why H1N1 contains human, swine, and avian DNA-this strain has been transmitted between these three animals. The only harm would be if the virus was contagious (thus it would pick up DNA and mutate as it spread), or if it could not be cleared from the host (this is less dangerous, but the less dormant viruses the better). In medical uses, viral therapy appears pretty safe and has a lot of potential. A virus is more like a machine than a living thing...why not use it as a tool? My issue would be: Do we know enough about genetics to pull this off without raising something negative that was previously unconsidered.

    2. Re:Replication is dangerous by RDW · · Score: 4, Informative

      'Not as dangerous as you'd think...Viruses pick up DNA strands from the host as they are made by the hosts cells, this is primarily what causes rapid mutation and why H1N1 contains human, swine, and avian DNA-this strain has been transmitted between these three animals'

      The Flu virus is a rather unusual case - its genome (in fact RNA rather than DNA) is made up of 8 segments that can easily be swapped around ('reassorted') when two different strains infect the same animal (8 segments with 2 versions of each = 2^8 = 256 possible new viruses). This isn't true for the adenovirus used in the article, which has an unsegmented DNA genome, but there's still some concern that a therapeutic strain might 'recombine' with a wild-type strain:

      http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/2/380

      This is one reason why you have to be careful when adding (e.g.) new genes to viruses of this type (as in gene therapy). It's rather less of a concern when doing the sort of experiment described in the original article, where the replication of the virus is partially blocked rather than enhanced, and where no new genes are added.

  3. alternative by legirons · · Score: 4, Funny

    "Their taste for another rewarding beverage -- sugar water -- was unaffected."

    research sponsored by coke?

  4. Re:This doesn't seem right by Zapotek · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Well, the human body is already full of bacteria and other helpful microbes without which it wouldn't be able to survive.
    We're not just "persons" we're mobile ecosystems.
    Although it may sound creepy at first, if you rationally think it through a virus that "makes you better" is not such a bad idea after all.
    Oh, I almost forgot, we are all injected with weakened viruses at some point of our lives so that our immune system will be able to form the right antibodies to defend itself when the real thing comes along.
    Think of it like that...

  5. Re-branding by theMoleofProduction · · Score: 5, Funny

    So viruses can cure cancer.

    Well what about all those cancer drugs we have already? They'll just sit on the shelves!

    No no, we can use them to treat alcoholism.

    But what about all the booze!? Pour it down the drain?

    No, of course not. We're going to re-brand alcoholic beverages as medication. We're investigating is usefulness in treating social anxiety. While our trials are still in progress, the initial data looks very promising. We've also patented a time-release delivery system. With any hope, we'll have millions of people prescribed daily doses of the new wonder drug.

    Excellent!

    --
    Chemists do it with moles.
  6. What could possibly go wrong by gmuslera · · Score: 4, Interesting

    For the cancer patient could be an improvement over other alternatives.

    But if you play with living things there, things that try to survive replicating, mutating, and in the case of virus, finding more hosts.

    Of course, getting rid of that particular virus could be easier than getting rid of cancer, and that is something more to put into consideration.

  7. Re:Pay more attention to comics and movies... by Harinezumi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Because we all know that movie script writers always do their homework to get their science right and never ever engage in simple-minded fearmongering.

  8. I know that nobody cares, but... by MythoBeast · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Most of what we call alcoholism has been cured. The problem is that anybody who might tell alcoholics about it is either financially or emotionally invested in an existing treatment. It's like religion (see responses to this post as demonstration), and it's very frustrating.

    For all the details, see the recently published book on the topic. I'm not selling the book, and if you want the details for free, I can provide you with that, too.

    --
    Wake up - the future is arriving faster than you think.
  9. Re:This doesn't seem right by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Although it may sound creepy at first, if you rationally think it through a virus that "makes you better" is not such a bad idea after all.

    Tell that to the Xenu's loyal psychiatrists, who did something similar 70 million years ago. Oh wait, you can't; because their "happy virus", while being immediately very effective, eventually mutated and then drove every humanoid in the entire galaxy into a deep depression, ultimately causing them all to jump off the nearest bridge.

    Monkeys and apes, being not completely similar to humanoids, managed to survive the 'viruscost', and they grew fat on the decaying corpses of the prior-day humans. The apes multiplied, and so now we're simply an evolution of their apish bodies, inhabited by the confused, and virus ridden thetans of yore. This is a Bad Idea.

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