Slashdot Mirror


Intelligence Density and the Creative Class

Doofus writes "The Atlantic has an interesting review of some open-sourced work by Rob Pitingolo about the comparative educational attainment levels of various metropolitan areas. While people are now capable of being far more mobile than in generations past, many people remain within 100 miles or so of where they were born. For the technology-partition of the creative class, this is less likely to be the case, in my personal experience. Do we technical people put interesting work and the concentration of human educational capital ahead of other considerations when deciding on a move? Or is it more complicated? Is it more about the fact that the creative jobs are where the creative people are?"

38 of 185 comments (clear)

  1. it's more complicated by mikeraz · · Score: 4, Interesting

    With employment being fungible for the vast majority where to live is driven by how one wants to live. I look for high density and diversity in restaurants. You want something else.

    --

    There's more to it than this.

    1. Re:it's more complicated by pudge · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I look for low density and a lack of diversity in restaurants. I am quite happy that you, and many other people, want something different than me, as it makes it easier to find what I am looking for.

    2. Re:it's more complicated by OeLeWaPpErKe · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Since every other social study says that people with degrees flock together, living even in the same neighborhoods. Usually these studies decry how "terribly unfair" this is. Still it explains perfectly well what's happening here.

      Ironically, this means that, as a university graduate, you're probably better of in one of the lesser density cities.

      And frankly I resent the direct correlation made : "smart" != "university graduate". One does not imply the other, in any direction.

    3. Re:it's more complicated by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I think you're confusing 'smarter' with 'more prone to compulsive grade and approval seeking.'

      It's pretty dumb to suck up with someone, merely because you've been trained to believe that their 'credentials' make them superior to you.

      In case you didn't know, Universities are where wallpaper enthusiasts naturally congregate. There are a lot of slope-heads everywhere, including the halls of 'intellect.'

      Now, go conform.

    4. Re:it's more complicated by LarryFeltonJ · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm a high density/diversity sort of person myself, but intuitively the list doesn't surprise me. There are several things going for places like New York and San Francisco. Intelligent young people would tend to gravitate toward places with a lot of stimulation and opportunity. And most of the places near the top of the list still have active economic life. Not many young people stream toward dying agricultural towns, or even non-descript suburban areas.

    5. Re:it's more complicated by oakgrove · · Score: 3, Interesting
      From the article:

      Instead of measuring human capital or college degree holders as a function of population, he measures it as a function of land area -- that is, as college degree holders per square mile.

      So, high density urban areas have a higher density of $EDUCATIONAL_ATTAINMENT. Well, blow me down. I'd bet that if you looked at the density per square mile of the people that don't have an eighth grade education, the chart would be virtually the same.

      Seems to me that degrees per capita would be a much more useful metric.

      --
      The soylentnews experiment has been a dismal failure.
    6. Re:it's more complicated by oakgrove · · Score: 5, Informative
      At the risk of a faux pas replying to myself, here's the list normalized for overall population density:

      Rank City % Above Expected Concentration
      1 Oklahoma City 544%
      2 Nashville 167%
      3 Jacksonville 156%
      4 Salt Lake City 87%
      5 Kansas City 84%
      6 Seattle 78%
      7 Raleigh 73%
      8 San Francisco 61%
      9 New Orleans 54%
      10 Atlanta 50%
      11 Austin 48%
      12 Virginia Beach 46%
      13 Washington 45%
      14 Charlotte 43%
      15 Louisville 42%
      16 Portland 35%
      17 Birmingham 32%
      18 San Diego 31%
      19 Minneapolis 30%
      20 Orlando 28%
      21 Denver 27%
      22 Boston 22%
      23 St. Paul 13%
      24 Indianapolis 11%
      25 Richmond 9%
      26 Tampa 9%
      27 San Jose 8%
      28 Pittsburgh 6%
      29 Oakland 6%
      30 Columbus 5%
      31 Cincinnatti -3%
      32 New York City -10%
      33 Sacramento -11%
      34 Houston -11%
      35 Memphis -12%
      36 Dallas -12%
      37 Chicago -15%
      38 Los Angeles -17%
      39 Phoenix -23%
      40 Providence -23%
      41 San Antonio -25%
      42 St. Louis -25%
      43 Balitmore -30%
      44 Miami -32%
      45 Las Vegas -34%
      46 Riverside -37%
      47 Buffalo -38%
      48 Philadelphia -41%
      49 Milwaukee -43%
      50 Cleveland -61%
      51 Hartford -62%
      52 Detroit -68%

      I find this much more interesting than the face palm-esque pop. density ranking original list. Interesting how 7 of the top ten are southern cities.

      --
      The soylentnews experiment has been a dismal failure.
    7. Re:it's more complicated by MrMarket · · Score: 2

      Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and Mark Zuckerberg did not complete their University degrees. They are all smarter and more worldly from than you and many of the rest of us who spent four years in the ivory tower.

    8. Re:it's more complicated by grcumb · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and Mark Zuckerberg did not complete their University degrees. They are all smarter and more worldly from than you and many of the rest of us who spent four years in the ivory tower.

      Wow, it's interesting that you use three really unsavoury examples of pathological behaviour whose only uniting characteristic is that they achieved wealth via technology. They are none of them near the pinnacle of brilliance, insight, ethics or morality or even the advancement of knowledge.

      Honestly, is this were the only alternative, I'd choose the Ivory Tower. It might reduce my impact on humanity but, given these shining examples of leadership, I'd consider that a good thing. What genuinely thoughtful and perceptive person would want that kind of legacy on their head?

      --
      Crumb's Corollary: Never bring a knife to a bun fight.
    9. Re:it's more complicated by jonadab · · Score: 2, Interesting

      > I look for low density and a lack of diversity in restaurants.

      You laugh, but low population density has a lot of advantages (lower cost of living, lower crime rates, the ability to actually get to know most of the people in town...), and those of us who prefer our own cooking often don't give a fig about the restaurants near where we live. Personally, I only go to restaurants when I'm too far away from home to get there at mealtimes. I've never been to most of the restaurants near my house. I have NEVER had restaurant food that I thought was as good as homemade.

      I consider the ideal size of a city to be just barely large enough to support a reasonable range of the kinds of local businesses that you need to visit with any frequency (hardware store, grocery, that sort of thing), so you don't keep constantly finding yourself having to drive to another (larger) city for things. So, somewhere around 5-10 thousand people, give or take. Preferably with both woods and Amish farms in the immediate vicinity.

      --
      Cut that out, or I will ship you to Norilsk in a box.
    10. Re:it's more complicated by trypanon · · Score: 2, Insightful

      And I feel smugly superior to you because I believe that my preferences for a wider variety of food reflects a more cosmopolitan attitude, which I view as having a more "sophisticated" quality.

      Maybe GP is a supertaster. I know a couple of people who are supertasters. They stick to steak and potatoes, hamburgers with only ketchup, etc. One food at a time. Most vegetables and any foods with more than one or two ingredients make them gag. It's not as though they decided they wanted to only eat a few bland foods for the rest of their life; their taste buds are just really sensitive. The supertasters I know are jealous of people who can eat vegetables.

  2. To calculate human capital density properly, by hey! · · Score: 3, Funny

    you must factor in average height as well.

    --
    Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  3. qualifications lead to less choice by petes_PoV · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The more specialised you are, the fewer job openings you have - that will use your speciality (yes, obviously you could get a lesser job, but isn't that a waste of your talents and so ultimately unsatisfactory?). That means you have to range further to find those rarer openings. So in that respect more educated people will have a tendency to be more mobile, though not always through choice. And not always viewing it as a good thing: having to move from country to country to chase the next step of career progression.

    --
    politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
    1. Re:qualifications lead to less choice by tepples · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Only if you need to be physically near the people that you work with.

      I once telephone-interviewed with a video game developer halfway across the United States. I was turned down because they don't telecommute, and they don't telecommute in part because of console makers' home office bans (example).

  4. Why would you have to move? This isn't 1910. by tomhudson · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Do we technical people put interesting work and the concentration of human educational capital ahead of other considerations when deciding on a move?

    So why would you have to move to create a concentration of "human educational capital"? We've got this think called the Internet ... you don't see all those jobs that were outsourced to India requiring that their workers move to North America or Europe.

    1. Re:Why would you have to move? This isn't 1910. by Darkness404 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The reason why companies outsource isn't because people are uber intelligent and great at their job in India, one needs only to call tech support to find that out. Its because Indian workers are cheap for the amount of education and such. Even a crappy American worker is paid minimum wage, in India, a great worker may only cost minimum wage in the US.

      If you pay $20,000 for each worker in India and $50,000 for each worker in America, it simply makes sense to outsource.

      --
      Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    2. Re:Why would you have to move? This isn't 1910. by MrMr · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Unfortunately they don't want to realize that the biggest cost saver would be outsourcing the management levels.

    3. Re:Why would you have to move? This isn't 1910. by MrMr · · Score: 2, Informative
    4. Re:Why would you have to move? This isn't 1910. by CAIMLAS · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Honestly, I've come to actually appreciate Indian tech support recently.

      Why?

      1) It's not the same as it was 5+ years ago. The people answering the phone can speak passable English (better than someone from Atlanta, anyway).
      2)They're polite. Maybe we just have good vendors, but I've been very satisfied once I get ahold of someone.

      Yeah, there's bad support. But you'll get that anywhere.

      --
      ~/ssh slashdot.org ssh: connect to host slashdot.org port 22: too many beers
  5. Most of us... by Darkness404 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Most of us go to where the jobs are. Google, Microsoft, Intel and Apple are all pretty large employers of creative people. If I can make $25K more per year if I move, chances are I'll move. So they end up having large concentrations of creative people because most people move where the jobs are. Good luck finding a high-paying, interesting tech job in rural America. Yes, you -can- "telecommute" but most of the time you get paid a lot less than if you go to the cube farm.

    --
    Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
    1. Re:Most of us... by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Funny

      A mammalian psychology thing.

      If your boss is a mammal, then you are in a better position than 90% of IT workers.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
  6. Not Enough Heat by Sponge+Bath · · Score: 4, Funny

    To achieve maximum flamage, these numbers should be cross referenced by religious views, political affiliation, and choice of text editor :-D

  7. Geeks by 1000101 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Many people in the IT field are less social and have a smaller group of friends outside of work, so picking up and moving isn't as big of a change. Not everyone fits this, but I'm sure it impacts the results.

    1. Re:Geeks by Sky+Cry · · Score: 5, Insightful

      But less social also means it's harder to find friends in the new area, making moving much harder.

  8. Creative class? Please join the real world by dirkdodgers · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Having a college degree makes you statistically more likely to have a job, and to be more highly compensated, but it's not at all clear to me that having a degree makes you part of a "creative class", whatever the fuck that is. Having a college degree also means you are statistically more likely to be white and to come from an affluent family. The transition from "educational attainment" to "smarter people" to "creative class" sounds great while sipping an $8 coffee and listening to indie rock, but in the real world it's pretty fucking condescending.

    Carpenters are creative.
    Mechanics are creative.
    Landscapers are creative.
    Welders are creative.
    Stonemasons are creative. ...

    Not all. Maybe not most. But probably not a great deal more or less than are coders, analysts, lawyers, doctors, accountants (maybe I'll give you that one!), and economists.

    1. Re:Creative class? Please join the real world by imidan · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I get what you're saying, but I assume that the OP was using 'creative class' according to the Florida definition. That most members of Florida's creative class are white men is true, but it's a descriptive condition, not a prescriptive one. I'm not saying that's not a problem, just that it's the case.

    2. Re:Creative class? Please join the real world by Doofus · · Score: 4, Informative

      Being "creative" is not the sole criterion for being a member of the Creative Class.

      Several key factors that differentiate members of the Creative Class and "people in any field that happen to be creative" include the generation of new knowledge, of one sort or another, or the generation of innovative solutions to difficult problems.

      This does not take away any sliver of the importance of the creativity demonstrated by the classes of work you noted, but the scope of their impact is completely different.

      --
      If the Government becomes a lawbreaker, it breeds contempt for law; ... it invites anarchy. - Brandeis
    3. Re:Creative class? Please join the real world by shiftless · · Score: 2, Insightful

      There's a whole set of blue collar jobs that require quite a bit of creativity and intelligence.

      There are just as many, if not more blue collar jobs requiring high levels of creativity and intelligence.

      For example, a mechanic. Most mechanics are useless precisely because modern cars are more complicated and more difficult to understand for people who are not too good at visualing how complicated electronic systems work (i.e. most people.)

      How about a machinist? That's another common blue collar job full of smart people.

      Satellite communications technicians. Ever repaired a multi million dollar satellite terminal, the kind with a 20 foot dish and climate controlled shelter with racks of modems, multiplexers, signal converters, routers, amplifiers, etc? No degree required, only a lot of smarts.

      Are you REALLY trying to say there's no correlation between educational attainment, and smarts?

      There might be a correlation, but it's nowhere near as strong as you think. There are a TON of very smart people out there with little or no college education, and there are a TON of idiots with college degrees.

  9. the point apparently by circletimessquare · · Score: 2, Insightful

    is to riff upon the concepts of intelligence, education, creativity, mobility, and technology

    basically, you can say just about anything within that huge scattershot area... and signify absolutely no thought of any value whatsoever

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
  10. His analysis of the "density of smart people" is.. by bcrowell · · Score: 5, Insightful

    ...not very smart. First off, it's silly to equate "smart" to "educated." Smart children of illegal immigrants who pick strawberries don't tend to go to college. Dumb children of business executives tend to go to college and get a degree in something, e.g., education, that doesn't require mastering any speficic, difficult body of knowledge. A college education is a middle-class entitlement in the U.S., like Social Security and Medicare.

    The other silly thing about it is that first he tabulates the density of degree holders and finds out that degree holders are more dense where people are more dense. Wow, blinding insight. Then he tries to eliminate the effect of population density using a linear regression, which isn't the right tool for the job. If he wants to eliminate the effect of population density, he should just start with the percentage of the population that has a degree. His linear regression method produces results that obviously don't make much sense, e.g., that Oklahoma City has 544% more people with degrees than you'd expect. (See the note at the bottom of the chart.) Presumably this indicates that not only does every adult in Oklahoma City have a degree, but so do all their children, as do their dogs, cats, and major household appliances.

  11. Well Said! by Will+Steinhelm · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Thank you. Some of the most creative people I know are carpenters, furniture makers, and other craftsmen. Or are musicians, or painters, or chefs. Most of these people went to a community college at most. Using college degrees to indicate creativity shows a misunderstanding of creativity.

  12. I humbly disagree. We is not smart or creative. by Simonetta · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I cantankerously but humbly disagree with every conclusion of this article. I don't agree that college-trained people are generally smarter. I readily agree that college educated people are better at manipulating and understanding symbols and words than the general population. But they are not better at using the vast amount of stored knowledge and experience stored in those words and books to make their lives better. They are marginally better but not greatly so.

        I live in Portland Oregon USA and hear constantly about the movement of smart and creative people into smart and creative cities, of which Portland is proclaimed to be. It is simply not true. People move here because life is easy here. We are a thousand miles from any urban center of global consequence.

        For example, we have a company called Wieden+Kennedy, who are a world-renowned employer of creative people. They make advertising. Everybody loathes advertising, and everyone does as much as possible to minimize their exposure to it. If a person is really creative, then why would they be wasting their creativity on advertising? Hense they are not creative: they're just people who have the annoying talent of recycling cliches to sell things that no one would buy if they weren't persuaded to do so by 'creative' people.

        Real creative people make useful things and solve real problems. In Portland, 'creative' people make nothing and create real problems.

        As for the relationship between technical abilities and creativity: there is very little. Look at the vast majority of postings here on Slashdot that follow every story. Dim, moronic, childish, dull, embarrassing. Not creative. If there were any intrinsic connection between creativity and technical/scientific/engineering ability, we would see it here. We don't.

        Creativity is what creativity does. You can't measure it. It's not a fashion and real creativity is rarely noticed for what it is.

  13. There's something called "rest of the world", clod by aBaldrich · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The summary is really, really misleading. I really wanted to know about this "intelligence density", and which citieas hosted the biggest proportion of graduates every 1000 people. I wanted to compare Bologna with Oxford, Paris, Rome, Boston...
    But then I realised this study was limited to a single country.

    --
    In soviet russia the government regulates the companies.
  14. Re:Family by couchslug · · Score: 4, Informative

    "Until there is a robot that can stay home with Mom and look after her, help her take her meds and buy her groceries, do light household and yard work, etc."

    FYI, when Mom and Dad move from "needing light assistance" to "incompetent, incontinent, and incoherent" they WILL go beyond the abilities of a single caregiver.

    Make as much money as you can, research elder care LONG before they (and, eventually, you) need it, research how to save THEIR assets as well as yours, and how to avoid probate. If you are able to read this, NOW is a good time, not when the shit hits the fan. Caring for mad. dying old folks is exhausting, stresses a marriage/relationship, and is expensive.

    Modern medical technology gives us the ability to suffer for many years. Get ready. You have been warned.

    --
    "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
  15. Re:It's about your priorities in life by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I totally agree with you, I have a master in CS from a good school and I turn down an offer to work at some megacorp in some megacity because I was happy in my hometown, and I was depressive as hell in the megacity.

  16. Career-driven people by Angst+Badger · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I've only moved for a job once, and that had a lot more to do with the recession than anything else, and hopefully, I'll never do it again. I think the real division here is between people for whom their career is their supreme consideration and those for whom it is not. Personally, I don't give a rat's ass about "career" beyond making sure that my needs are met with a little left over for some luxuries. I do pretty well: I've worked as an independent contractor for the last several years, so it varies from year to year, but I usually gross somewhere in the low six digits. My career-driven counterparts tend to make about 20% more than me, which is not enough for me to disrupt the rest of my life, and I'm not sure what would be. If I wasn't putting a kid through college, I'd probably work a lot less.

    I used to be career-driven. Over the course of the last twenty years, I discovered that how happy or unhappy I was at any given time had next to nothing to do with how much money I was making -- as long as I was making enough to avoid privation -- and very little to do with what I was doing at work. It's not like it's going to be any great comfort to have my peak earnings and my job references on my epitaph.

    --
    Proud member of the Weirdo-American community.
  17. Techical people are not the most mobile by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I disagree with the thesis of this post. In my experience, technical people are not the most mobile people in the work force. People involved in high level business positions, airline pilots, diplomats, or people into artsy careers (music, acting) are way more mobile than tech people when it comes to moving far away from where they were born. Stop thinking you are special just because you know how to use computers.

  18. Re:His analysis of the "density of smart people" i by gpf2 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Right! Have we learned nothing from "Trading Places?"