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New Air Conditioner Process Cuts Energy Use 50-90%
necro81 writes "The US National Renewable Energy Laboratory has announced that it has developed a new method for air conditioning that reduces energy use by 50-90%. The DEVap system (Desiccant-Enhanced eVaporative air conditioner) cools air using evaporative cooling, which is not new, but combines the process with a liquid dessicant for pulling the water vapor out of the cooled air stream. The liquid dessicant, a very strong aqueous solution of lithium chloride or sodium chloride, is separated from the air stream by a permeable hydrophobic membrane. Heat is later used to evaporate water vapor back out — heat that can come from a variety of sources such as solar or natural gas. The dessicants are, compared to typical refrigerants like HCFCs, relatively benign on the environment."
If legionnaires doesn't get you the sulphur chloride mix surely will.
It's cheaper than using trained hydrophobes. Or are they used to create the membrane?
Nae king! Nae laird! Nae yurrupiean pressedent! We willna be fooled again!
So when will we be able to buy one of these? I know my wife is going to be asking for an AC in the house this summer, and I'm sure that the people in places like AZ, NM, and TX will be clamoring to lower their electric bill.
Additionally, will the dessicants (or the filter) have a recycle lifespan, or will it be more like a traditional household AC, using a 'simple' radiator device?
~/ssh slashdot.org ssh: connect to host slashdot.org port 22: too many beers
Heat is later used to evaporate water vapor back out — heat that can come from a variety of sources such as solar or natural gas.
or the servers that are being cooled?
Swamp coolers use a LOT of water. Is this better than them in terms of water use? If not, it's just trading one environmental ill for another. The places that have water to spare also have humidity high enough that even this system might not do so well with its evaporative cooling, and the places where evaporative cooling works best don't have the water to spare.
I lost interest at this point. Wake me up when biochemists and medical doctors get a chance to run test case groups about the adverse effects of lithium in their localized atmosphere, typically inhaled into the lungs and later causing one's sense of reality to become skewed.
Promote better insulation solutions that are efficient and cheap to deploy. It's far easier to regulate a room at a fixed temperature when the control system is properly insulated and thus eliminates the need for A/C. Heat Transfer is a standard course for us Mechanical Engineers and though I do realize billions upon billions has been made by developing HVAC systems [Home A/C] for the average idiot, the average idiot is far better off fiscally making their homes standards efficient in insulation [R30 in the exterior walls, R45-60 [depending on your temperate zone] in the ceiling, R30 in the sub-flooring and a variable speed 95% efficient furnace at 68% year round than they are throwing in a damn A/C solution. The HVAC industry doesn't give two bits about the consumer. This energy savings is a means to sell people more unnecessary A/C at much higher prices when more conventional solutions apply.
Sell it to corporations. I'm sure they'd love to deploy multi-million dollar HVAC systems rather than bring their buildings up to code.
These guys make an evaporative cooler that sends cool, dry air into the building, and saturated air back outside. The only working fluids are air and water.
-jcr
The only title of honor that a tyrant can grant is "Enemy of the State."
For starters, Americans should start insulating their houses better. That would cut the energy costs even more.
Or, maybe,
As TFA states, desiccant cooling has been known since at least Carrier's work at the turn of the 20th Century. The trick has always been to make a practical desiccant cooling system.
Are you going to fund that for my 1930's construction? It will require opening up the walls and upgrading all the electrical and plumbing along with the insulation. It will also require the removal of the roof. If you are willing to pay 100% of the cost then I say we have a deal. If not then you are not being realistic.
but it doesn't matter, its still years away from practical
NREL has patented the DEVap concept, and Kozubal expects that over the next couple of years he will be working on making the device smaller and simpler and perfecting the heat transfer to make DEVap more cost effective.
Few people have heard of the true inventor of both air conditioning and the artificial ice machine, Dr. John Gorrie, of Apalachicola, Florida, who received the first patent (number 8080) for a machine to make ice, on May 6, 1851. While it was reduced to practice (he used it to cool the rooms of his fever patients, and gave iced drinks to his guests at parties -- a fantastic novelty in 1850s Florida) he was unable to make a financial success of the venture. His machine was the first to make use of the refrigeration method of air conditioning.
If you're building new, modern building codes result in a more insulated space. In my opinion modern codes -- even those in CA or the "stretch in MA or the base points in LEED -- aren't aggressive enough, but they're far better than existing conditions in most buildings. Of course, the same opportunities exist for major remodeling or work on the exterior.
Sometimes, though, the mechanical unit needs to be replaced, and quickly. In those cases, would you prefer that this new AC not exist (assuming they work out any chemical safety issues)? For spaces which are currently being used, the interruptions caused by upgrading the building envelope may be intolerable, a non-starter. In those cases, would you rather this new AC not exist?
You're absolutely right -- improving the insulation and air-sealing of our building stock would have a remarkable impact on our energy use. Still, this new AC system, if it works as advertised, can be applied to buildings for which an insulation and air-sealing upgrade simply isn't in the cards in the near term.
Adding another tool to the belt isn't a bad thing, as long as we continue to use the right tool for the job. Building codes will help ensure that we do.
Support a few technologists in Washington.
Botijo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botijo
Heat from air evaporates water to cool air; heat from natural gas evaporates water from desiccant. Where does all this heat come out?
People will just run it longer, or leave their windows and doors open all the time, to make up for the energy savings.
That's all well and good, but I'd rather see efficiency advances in solid state cooling (quieter, more reliable, often smaller...)
Why OpalCalc is the best Windows calc
I keep my house at 78 in the summer, I have ceiling fans in all the rooms I frequently use in the day. Throw in nine foot ceilings and it is very comfortable; especially when compared to the 90+ high humidity days we have in Georgia. Last year my highest bill in the summer was $140. This is four thousand square feet of home. Granted the other electrical costs are pretty low because of CFLs everywhere, a LED based projection tv - we only have one tv, and Macs/Pcs that sleep often.
That compares to some friends of mine who burn through $300 or more per month in the summer to keep the same or smaller homes; sometimes half the size; at ridiculously low temperatures, like 72. Throw in lights on everywhere it seems if not a TV or two both running and it becomes easy to see that insulation alone won't help. Most laws in recent years require much higher R value for homes but behavioral changes must also take place. People need to want to conserve. Children especially need to learn conservation in schools in ways that does not lead to being combative at home.
Encourage good behavior by allowing people to opt into reduced rates for sensible living. This means power meters than not only record usage but can record how its used, as in knowing what temperatures you set and such. Some regions already offer reduced power costs if you elect to lose power during certain periods to reduce the load on the whole system but it doesn't help when the behavior of those who use power inefficiently.
* Winners compare their achievements to their goals, losers compare theirs to that of others.
It must be hard to spell the word "desiccant" correctly, especially after you have just copied the correct name (Desiccant-Enhanced eVaporative air conditioner) from TFA.
Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
We are getting a new AC system in our DC in a few weeks and this sounds pretty much exactly like the things they do.
Can someone enlighten me, please?
Is that we'll all have this in 3-5 years!
Adsorption coolers (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_refrigerator) are far better as they use water as a coolant and heat energy from solar panels. In fact, they consume only electrical energy for the controlling electronics...
The liquid dessicant, a very strong aqueous solution of lithium chloride or sodium chloride
The dessicants are, compared to typical refrigerants like HCFCs, relatively benign on the environment.
Hah Hah Hah Hah. Maybe if you're a bacteria that lives in the dead sea. Everyone else would be screwed. Imagine the environmental costs of making everything in a house to naval ship standards (and this isn't a joke about "being full of sea men"). Imagine the environmental costs of every cheap pine wood stud or steel stud having to be replaced with something "seaproof" like teak or a good grade of marine stainless steel (not the stuff that cracks in chlorine). Imagine the environmental costs of replacing every electrical device within 6 months of purchase or having to run everything in stainless steel conduit so the inside of the house looks like the inside of a WWII submarine (which, personally, I think would be cool, but the average HGTV viewer would freak out, which is probably why I think it would be cool). It will leak and inevitably destroy everything in the house, at extreme environmental cost. But, hey, if it "saved" a hundred watts here and there, I guess thats just great.
"Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
My home stays 70 degrees at 50-55% RH year round. My power bill runs about 150-175 a month. My gas bills runs about 65-75 a month from late Oct to late Feb. Here in the next year or two, I will go ahead and have either a couple of cooling wells drilled or DIY a trench system for a geothermal HP. I am still using a 10 SEER HP and 90% propane converted furnace. But then again, I spent good money and a lot of effort installing insulation when building, and making an optimal duct system, along with using ERVs. I spent close to 9 grand 4 years ago when building, on HVAC/insulation. The average home owner would pay around 15 to 20K for the same set up. Owning an HVAC/R company does pay off at times.
...that's cool.
good to know that lithium chloride is benign.
"For a short time in the 1940s lithium chloride was manufactured as a salt substitute, but this was prohibited after the toxic effects of the compound were recognized"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_chloride
Manufacturing and operation are the "low end" of the risk. What happens when they get put on the curb or go in landfills en masse. Because they will....
As a fellow mechanical engineer, I would have preferred you considered more practical matters, along with cost-benefit and time value of money considerations before you shot your mouth off. Either that, or not mention you're a Mechanical Engineer.
Other responders have covered these things adequately, so I won't repeat them.
Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms should be the name of a store, not a government agency.
If there is a possibility of creating a passive system over and active system, I would go with the passive system.
Part of the problem is that buildings aren't always designed with their geography or climate in mind. One solution I have seen for passive cooling of a building is a Wind Catcher ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windcatcher ). Also, depending on geography you could add natural plants to help provide shade. None of this sounds as sexy as a high-tech AC unit, but it is probably much more cost effective and lower maintenance.
I am not sure what solutions there are for existing buildings, but I would be interested in hearing about some.
Jumpstart the tartan drive.
What I noticed was the lack of any mention of the cost of desiccant, or how to reuse it. A sealed AC unit may have 13 pounds of hydrocarbons, but, unless something goes horribly wrong, all these chemicals are tightly contained. An AC system can also reuse these CFCs indefinitely, while the desiccants have a finite water absorption amount.
I'd rather have an air-con that works at 50% efficiency 95% of the time than one that works at 95% efficiency 50% of the time.
Given how long we've had to get regular aircons working, and how badly we seem to FAIL it, I think it'd be a great idea for everyone else to try out this wonderful new technology. Maybe get back to me in 20 years or so to tell me how it worked out for you.
If you were blocking sigs, you wouldn't have to read this.
All these stories about things to come out, how about a story once where you hear your local hardware store now HAS this new air conditioner ready for you to buy, and save 50, to 90 percent energy....then I will be interested...seriously , this has got to stop!
Breaking news> A scientist came up with a new idea last week to help with global warming,
has it written down on paper...more news at eleven....
Fact: The most efficient air conditioning system is hiring one of the millions of out of work Americans to walk around and fan you 24 hours a day. Even the Amish would buy into it.
hello world
What I noticed was the lack of any mention of the cost of desiccant, or how to reuse it. A sealed AC unit may have 13 pounds of hydrocarbons, but, unless something goes horribly wrong, all these chemicals are tightly contained. An AC system can also reuse these CFCs indefinitely, while the desiccants have a finite water absorption amount.
How does it compare with efficiency of propane cooling? For the foreseeable future propane will continue to be created by oil industry, regardless of the idealism of some environmentalists, so it will continue to be used in homes for heating. For cost-saving purposes, propane fridges and freezers are being used quite often in remote areas - they are also extremely efficient. I am curious how the two systems compare in efficiency.
Remember, separate your grad student: Females under the desk, males on the dissection table.
MMO Quests are like orgasms:
You may solo them, I prefer them in a group.
But in areas where you need Air Conditioning (i.e. cooling + humidity reduction) in a humid climate it is useless (i.e. Gulf Coast, deep south, Florida). And this area is where the bulk of energy use is used for (indoor) climate control.
So why don't researchers work on a solution for the 80% that could use it instead of the 20% where it doesn't matter ?
Maybe we need to move their labs out of AZ, CO, and CA down to TX and FL and only allow them to use their own inventions to cool the lab.
For me the basic rule for chemicals is, that if I don’t know if it’s good or bad, then it’s bad until proven good.
And lithium chloride definitely is more in the bad area than in the good one.
I’m not going to get in a room with that stuff, until all effects and all cross-reactions are studied and proven to be OK by trustworthy sources.
Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
"Honey, we are out of Gatorade, and by the way, did you get my prescription filled?"
"No, just tap into the air conditioner line, it's okay if we are hot for a day or two."
Knowledge is how to play a game, intelligence is how to win, wisdom is knowing what game to play.
Instructable, my York is on it's last legs!!
Si vis pacem, para bellum! For evil to succeed good men need only do nothing!
yea right, try that with a newborn and see how far it gets you...
This is a perfect example of how any approach to reducing the carbon should be handled.
Instead of brow beating everyone into paying more for less and prattling on about the environment and how we are all going to die, just make a device that accomplishes what you want while making it cheaper for the consumer.
Reduce Carbon, impact "global warming"...sorry, "climate change", pay more = boring, politically charged, scam written all over it.
Reduce cooling costs 50%-90% = Where can I buy one NOW!?!
This is what you call a win-win.
When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
ok, here's easy technology to get your domestic AC to consume about 50% less. All you need to do is continuously spray your radiator with water. This can be recycled via a tub sitting under your AC.
All the benefits of both technologies and you chill all the way to the bank :)
Dont make a better sig, you insensitive clod!
not for sale yet. It is . . . vaporware.
Do you perhaps mean a row of horizontal studs?
Do you perhaps mean joists?
Neither. The horizontal pieces between the studs are called firebreaks. They are there solely to slow fire down and help prevent it from spreading between building floors vertically through the wall stud space. They don't serve much mechanical structural purpose, but they do also help prevent vertical cold air flow inside the walls which helps the insulation (fiberglass insulation doesn't stop airflow, it just filters out the dust).
The 1920s portion of my house does not have any firebreaks in two of the exterior walls, as it's built using so-called "balloon framing" which used long vertical studs that run continuously from the rim beam on top of the foundation all the way to the attic. Because of this, cold air can flow down the walls from the attic in winter. I've injected firestop foam into strategic parts of the wall to stop this, as I found some parts of the interior wall surface were below freezing last winter.
Putting moderation advice in your
yea right, try that with a newborn and see how far it gets you...
Human babies and their ancestors survived the least 100,000 or so years without air conditioning, and continue to do so in most parts of the world.
"NREL has patented the DEVap concept ... Eventually, NREL will license the technology to industry"
I thought that inventions that we all paid for with our taxes were public domain. How is it that this government lab will be licensing this technology?
This is another typical over statement. They calculated the efficiency without including the energy that is required to reverse the desiccant used thus the calculation is misleading at best and really just a lie. This seems to be a trend that started with "zero emissions" cars that had the electricity magically appear.
Believe it when you see calculations based on a closed loop system as I am betting that the efficiency advantage will tumble a LONG way.
I hear you, but the thing is, you don't really want to encourage people who don't know what they're doing to be dinking with their electrical and plumbing (especially both at the same time!) Not only is there the risk of a house fire/flood their insurance won't cover, but running afoul of the building inspector (in jurisdictions where homeowners aren't supposed to touch the machanicals), or needing to call a pro to fix a botched DIY job is expensive.
Also, while any schmo can patch 2" holes with a joint knife and a bucket of compound, rehanging and taping full sheets of drywall requires a lot more competence, upper body strength, and access to a pickup truck or larger.
Based on your recommendations, I am going to abandon my precision engineered abode and live in a cave.
Be reasonable. Drywall may be messy, but it's not exactly an engineered science. Anybody who isn't an invalid can do it.
You're salary will be $5000 - $200,000 per year. Would you like the job?
FTA:
"NREL has patented the DEVap concept, and Kozubal expects that over the next couple of years he will be working on making the device smaller and simpler and perfecting the heat transfer to make DEVap more cost effective.
Eventually, NREL will license the technology to industry, "We're never going to be in the air conditioner manufacturing business", said Ron Judkoff, Principle Program Manager for Building Energy Research at NREL. "But we'd like to work with manufacturers to bring DEVap to market and create a more efficient and environmentally benign air conditioning product." "
Anyone else bothered that a publicly funded organization now owns a patent to this 'new' technology?
The fine article calls for Lithium Chloride or *CALCIUM* Chloride. Sodium Chloride is table salt, and will not work (in a liquid dessicant system).
The two salts mentioned are hydrophilic, and will pull moisture out of the air. They are in solution in this system to make it easy to transport them; pumps are more durable than scoop shovels.
The big difference in this system is that the dessicant solution is used to extract humidity from the air, thus lowering the wet bulb temperature. This DRY air is then the input to a swamp cooler,
which can now produce cold air (lower temperature than the outside dew point/wet bulb temperature.) The dessicant solution eventually gets too dilute to pull water from the air, so it must be regenerated
by heating the solution above the outside temperature, and letting the outside air take the evaporating water away.
The other trick they use is a two-pass evaporative cooler (see Coolerado) that divides the input airstream into parts, cools the first portion with evaporation of water, making cool wet air, and then using a heat
exchanger to use this cool air to lower the temperature of the other portion of the input air to get cool dry air. Cool and dry goes inside for air conditioning, and wet warm air is exhausted outside.
So far, this system is just putting an industrial dehumidifier in front of a swamp cooler. BUT those dessicant salt solutions encourage corrosion, so the dehumidifying front-end has to be made of plastics,
fiberglass, glass and materials that tend to be less durable in a vibrating environment (hey they are next to a huge fan that is moving all the air for the building!) Even the pump has to be corrosion-proofed,
and is usually made with titanium...
The real innovation seems to be that instead of spraying the salt solution into the airstream and then using baffles and filters to keep the salt out of the output air, they are dripping the solution down a water
repellant membrane, and letting the air pass by these larger droplets as the run down the film. No tiny spray droplets to filter out, so the whole thing tends to be robust and cheaper to build.
Overall, the system looks very good for improving the reach of the Coolerado type cooling to more humid environments. And you CAN buy the Coolerado now with an EER of up to 66 (yes, that is better than
any refrigerant based air conditioning that is 'good' when it has an EER of 12.)
"People need to want to conserve ..."
I guess that's why YOU have a 4000 square foot house, HUH ?
Next time you look in the mirror, say "hello, hypocrite".
From the article: "highly concentrated aqueous salt solutions of lithium chloride or calcium chloride"
From the summary: "very strong aqueous solution of lithium chloride or sodium chloride"
Dumbed down too much.
Sometimes they fool you by walking upright.
As anyone who lives in a coastal area knows, the salty sea air will rust steel severely. Cars, cooking gear, electronics are all vulnerable and short-lived in such areas. So it is a necessity that they do a good job of preventing any salts from becoming airborne.
R30 fiberglass bats are 9 1/2 inches thick
True, but fiberglass is far from the best insulator we have. Today I'd argue spray foam is the better choice in most cases. Natural vapor barrier and no air leaks.
Aerogel insulation would be neat, but isn't yet commercially practical. Then again... R-50 per inch (10x foam).
Fiberglass, loose-fill: R2.5-3.7/inch, Batts: R3.1-4.3
Foams: R3.6-7
When I get around to building my own house, it's going to be a low energy cost one, but even I'll admit that I'll be sacrificing a few rooms worth of floorspace to get it...
I don't read AC A human right
Even if the runoff water from this AC unit isn't filled with toxins, then AC units have life spans, which means pretty much every unit they ship is going to end up in a land fill or dump somewhere. So, sure, this is about making cold air and saving energy, (if the press release is truthful), but it's ALSO a clever scheme for invisibly distributing a rarefied psychoactive substance used in anti-depressant medications into ground water.
And everybody sure loves air conditioning! We're talking millions of gallons of this stuff over a few years.
Combined with the billion or so cell phone and laptop batteries which are currently and ever-so-quietly leaching lithium into the environment, I do pause to wonder why the government is so eager to exacerbate this situation.
-FL
C'mon guys, this isn't rocket science. Keep it modular and keep it off-the-shelf, right?
First stage, convert a regular evaporative cooler to pump the dessicant solution instead of water. It just needs to be highly corrosive-resistant. Now your incoming 100F air at 40% RH is now like 120F at 10% humidity or something like that. Hotter, but drier.
Next, you need a heat exchanger to pull some of that energy out without adding humidity. Adobe Air makes a modular product to do this. Or, you can skip this piece and get a two-stage evap such as the OASys. Or just insert a Coolerado here.
Finally, to really get cool temperatures, we need to add water back in. If you inserted a two-stage unit above, you're done. Otherwise just use a regular-ole evaporative cooler here.
Since we actually want to make this feasible without vast quantities of free energy, we will recharge the dessicant in a more sustainable manner. Obtain two empty swimming pools. The first pool is for the dry dessicant, the 2nd pool for the wet dessicant. After the cooling season, use a small solar concentrating array to recharge the dessicant pool. It'll take all winter but that's fine.
...in most parts of the state during the summers for any kind of evaporative AC to work efficiently . Even here in north central TX, where it has been around 100F or higher for almost the past week, and forecast to hit 105+ the next couple days, we're still having +80% relative humidity. In fact it's already 92F and 85% right now at noon. The only places in where it is a "dry heat" during the summer are those parts of extreme west and southwest TX near the NM border, and the population density is very low out there.
Also, by the time such DEVap AC systems are commercially produced, they'll likely be very expensive to buy because mostly of:
1) The technology is patented and the patent holders will want to get rich off them.
2) The energy savings will be substantial, and any big system that is much cheaper to operate than its competition, will be priced as high as the market will bear, because the makers of teh systems will want to get rich off them.
> The DEVap system (Desiccant-Enhanced eVaporative air conditioner) cools air using evaporative cooling, which is not new, but combines the process with a liquid dessicant for pulling the water vapor out of the cooled air stream.
Sounds like vaporware to me!
This method has been in use for years to dehydrate food completely without using heat.
Put desiccant in a sealed chamber with food. Food dehydrates slowly in ultra-low humidity environment.
Profit!
There are some species of mushrooms that need to be dried completely to be preserved long-term. Some of those cannot be exposed to heat without breaking down the chemicals that they are cultivated for.
The idea of using a salt-based desiccant and heating it to release the water has been around for a long time. The liquid aspect of that desiccant, and the permeable membrane seem to be the new ideas, here.
I'm not sure I've actually heard of any large-scale commercial recycling efforts (other than, I think, Toyota recycles the batteries for their hybrids), but shouldn't lithium (from batteries, electronics, and evaporative air coolers) be recylable? It's not like the lithium is destroyed by use - it simply ends up in different compounds, right?
Why not just recycle it?
First, we find a new technology that will make a HUGE impact.
Second, we find ways to introduce it piecemeal over a 5 year period... such as find ways to make said new technology less efficient... Once we figure that out,
Then and only then can we begin production working our way up to 50% over the 5 year term.
After that, we look for a new technology to compete and confuse the consumer while we ramp up to 90% efficiency.
So, you see you're not getting a new Air conditioner that will use 50%-90% less energy in the next year or so... You MIGHT get one that one next year that uses 10-15% less energy if your lucky...
It'll also cost you 20%-30% more.
Wasn't there a Mel Gibson movie? One where he's an eclectic inventor who comes up with a refrigerator and moves to Central America with his family? I don't remember the entire plot but I think something happens and then the refrigerator winds up polluting the river.
Yeah, I know, not a memorable Mel Gibson flick... but it did follow an Apocalyptic ending, which is the genre for most of his films.
Harrison's Postulate - "For every action there is an equal and opposite criticism"
Calcium chloride is interesting: put a pan of it in a humid room and it dissolves in the water it absorbs. But it also gets hot when it does so, which would seem to defeat the purpose. I wonder how they get around that problem.
They're using a dessicant to pull water out of the air thereby reducing the humidity. It sounds more like an adsorbtion chiller but using liquid rather than solid dessicants. They've been around for donkeys years but are expensive.
Deleted
Seriously, geo-thermal HVAC is the RIGHT way to go.
I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
Lithium Chloride is a salt - formed with weak ionic bonds. Chlorine will escape at a fairly rapid rate. MUCH more so than it does from the covalent bonds in CFCs, which are highly durable by comparison. Since it is CHLORINE that has been liberated from CFCs that was supposedly killing our Ozone, this seems to be an amazingly dumb-headed idea.
OH, and BTW - the reason that the Ozone hole isn't closing - *could* have something to do with the millions of gallons of Chlorine bleach we use in our laundry every year - virtually ALL of which escapes into the atmosphere.
The only reason that CFC's were singled out is that environmentalists are genocidal racists who wanted to cause mass starvation in the third world by raising the cost of refrigerating food in order to protect habitat for wildlife.