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DNA Analysis Probes the End of Human-Neanderthal Sex

An anonymous reader writes "Modern Europeans may have interbred with Neanderthals as recently as 37,000 years ago, after modern humans with advanced stone tools expanded out of Africa, according to a new study. In an attempt to understand why the Neanderthals are more closely related to people from outside of Africa, researchers from Harvard and the Max Planck Institute estimated that while the last sex between Neanderthals and modern humans may have occurred 37,000 to 86,000 years ago, it is most likely that it occurred 47,000 to 65,000 years ago."

160 comments

  1. snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by rubycodez · · Score: 3, Funny

    raped my great-great-.......great grandaddy! and he liked it!

    1. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by jhoegl · · Score: 1

      Baby, it will rock your world

    2. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by Dave+Emami · · Score: 1

      "Have you noticed, that humans and Neanderthals are still having sex?
      All the denouncement had absolutely no effect.
      Parents and counselors constantly scorn them,
      But humans and Neanderthals are still having sex and nothing seems to stop them."

      --

      "The Greens lynched a hacker in Chicago. Last month, but I think the body's still hanging from the old Water Tower."
    3. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by drkim · · Score: 1

      You know what they say:

      "Once you go Neanderthalensis, you'll never go back-a-lensis!"

      (Fine. You find a rhyme for 'Neanderthalensis')

    4. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by Spugglefink · · Score: 1

      (Fine. You find a rhyme for 'Neanderthalensis')

      Supercalifragilisticexpialidensis.

    5. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by anwaya · · Score: 5, Funny

      You know what they say:

      "Once you go Neanderthalensis, you'll never go back-a-lensis!"

      (Fine. You find a rhyme for 'Neanderthalensis')

      Next time you rhyme 'Neanderthalensis'
      Leave that task to an amanuensis,
      Or someone who doesn't sit on fences:
      They'd just still need to know what your sense is.

    6. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by drkim · · Score: 1

      You know what they say:

      "Once you go Neanderthalensis, you'll never go back-a-lensis!"

      (Fine. You find a rhyme for 'Neanderthalensis')

      Next time you rhyme 'Neanderthalensis'

      Leave that task to an amanuensis,

      Or someone who doesn't sit on fences:

      They'd just still need to know what your sense is.

      Wow!
      A "tip-o-the-mod-point" to Ogden Nash here...

      Good job.

    7. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by Darinbob · · Score: 1

      No sex for 37,000 years. They should just accept that it's not working out and get a divorce.

    8. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by jnork · · Score: 1

      A "tip-o-the-mod-point" to Ogden Nash here...

      Good job.

      Seconded!

      --
      Cleverly disguised as a responsible adult.
    9. Re:snoo-snoo from damn neanderthal women by Speare · · Score: 1

      Leave that task to an amanuensis,

      I am not just impressed with the vocabulary, but with the sublime self-reference that this line makes, in the context of your reply.

      --
      [ .sig file not found ]
  2. The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by 2phar · · Score: 4, Funny

    the last sex between Neanderthals and modern humans may have occurred 37,000 to 86,000 years ago

    Maria Shriver begs to differ.

    1. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Funny, but Maria is probably as Neanderthal as Arnold. What interests me is that the Neanderthal genes never made it back into Sub-Saharan Africa, which means that some Africans remained mostly separated from non-Africans for a quite a long time. Same goes for Micronesians and Austrailians, who have Denisovan genes that the rest of humanity doesn't have.

      And I guess this explains how it is we managed to end up with noticeably tweaked physical features. If Europeans and Mid-East people had been exchanging a lot of genes with Sub-Saharan Africans (for example if there had been a lot of trade between Africa and Europe or if there had been migrations into Africa) you'd expect there to be less difference in skin and eye color and more variation of hair curliness among Africans.

      Had there been more trade or immigration to Africa, Africans might look more like African-Americans, who have a mixture of African, European and other ancestry.

    2. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 5, Funny

      the last sex between Neanderthals and modern humans may have occurred 37,000 to 86,000 years ago

      Maria Shriver begs to differ.

      You got that mixed up, Neanderthals are from the past and Terminators are from the future.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    3. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I think this is probably the first time I've seen African-American not used as a catch-all term for "people of colored skin". Bravo.

    4. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Had there been more trade or immigration to Africa, Africans might look more like African-Americans, who have a mixture of African, European and other ancestry.

      I am pretty sure that DNA wouldn't effect the looks as much regarding skin tone and possibly hair. It was most likely thousands of years spent in a specific environment that contributed to looks. It is possible to see drastic changes to a persons body in one lifetime so you can just imagine what would happen if generations settled in a specific area.

    5. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I am pretty sure that DNA wouldn't effect the looks as much regarding skin tone and possibly hair. It was most likely thousands of years spent in a specific environment that contributed to looks. It is possible to see drastic changes to a persons body in one lifetime so you can just imagine what would happen if generations settled in a specific area.

      And how do you think population characteristics are passed between generations? magic?

    6. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      And how do you think population characteristics are passed between generations? magic?

      God did it, according to our Republican Physician Overlords, whom we do not particularly welcome.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    7. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That depends on what you mean by "a lot of trade". Obviously population characteristics evolved in somewhat separate populations. But you are focused on the differences, not the similarities. The shared characteirstics of sub-saharan africans indicate that there was more interaction among them than with other parts of the world. I don't know that means there wasn't still a lot with Europeans.

    8. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I am pretty sure that DNA wouldn't effect the looks as much regarding skin tone and possibly hair. It was most likely thousands of years spent in a specific environment that contributed to looks. It is possible to see drastic changes to a persons body in one lifetime so you can just imagine what would happen if generations settled in a specific area.

      And how do you think population characteristics are passed between generations? magic?

      Dude, there's no point in arguing with Lamarck anymore. He's just bitter that his theory was discredited after the works of Darwin, Mendel, and Watson/Crick, so he spends his time online attempting to plant seeds of doubt.

      It's just some form of bizarre astroturfing/trolling he's been doing for the last ~250 years now.

    9. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by jamstar7 · · Score: 1

      Had there been more trade or immigration to Africa, Africans might look more like African-Americans, who have a mixture of African, European and other ancestry.

      I am pretty sure that DNA wouldn't effect the looks as much regarding skin tone and possibly hair. It was most likely thousands of years spent in a specific environment that contributed to looks. It is possible to see drastic changes to a persons body in one lifetime so you can just imagine what would happen if generations settled in a specific area.

      OK, correct me if I'm wrong, but are you saying that skin color, etc, is a choice???

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    10. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by jamstar7 · · Score: 1

      Dude, there's no point in arguing with Lamarck [wikipedia.org] anymore. He's just bitter that his theory was discredited after the works of Darwin, Mendel, and Watson/Crick, so he spends his time online attempting to plant seeds of doubt.

      Actually, Lamarckian evolution acurately describes the evolution of cultures, not individuals. None of us has to evolve culturally from the Serangeti as we grow up, after all. A cute sci fi book, :talks about it a bit. Good read. It definitely made me think.

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    11. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      Does this mean I can have a gene test to see how much neanderthal I have in me? Cool...

      --
      No sig today...
    12. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thanks for the link.

      The original sarcasm was reserved for the idea that baseline melanin expression, hair type, etc are primarily influenced by nongenetic... magic? Furthermore, this alleged "magic" is apparently hereditary.

      Cue the mouse tail amputation experiments: that's not how it works. It doesn't matter how tan I get, that's not going cause some potential offspring of mine to be born with darker skin. Similarly, if I move to a humid location that causes my hair to be frizzy then my offspring aren't going to magically end up being born with frizzy hair if the mother moves to the desert before giving birth.

      If a particular characteristic sweeps through a population quickly, Occam suggests sexual selection as the likely modality.

      Cultural evolution is a different matter: it's memetic rather than genetic. Therefore, Lamarckism is a potential explanation for cultural evolution.

    13. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by mveloso · · Score: 2

      "What interests me is that the Neanderthal genes never made it back into Sub-Saharan Africa"

      That reminds me of an old joke about Jesus and the second coming:

      Man #1: Why hasn't the second coming happened yet?
      Man #2: Have you been to Palestine?
      Man #1: Yes, I have
      Man #2: Would you go back?
      Man #1: No
      Man #2: Exactly!

    14. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by volmtech · · Score: 1

      As they say, "Africa is a great place to be from".

    15. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Get your universe straight. Neanderthals were the indiginous population of Earth; modern humans were the result of interbreeding between the refugees from the 12 colonies of Kobol and the cylons. /final episode spoiler

    16. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by mcrbids · · Score: 1

      to be fair, the study only shows the most recent likely successful reproduction, not the most recent sexual copulation.

      All the DNA testing of ancestry in the world wouldn't uncover the amount of copulation that happened in private with a bar of soap or a piece of soft cotton. (ahem)

      --
      I have no problem with your religion until you decide it's reason to deprive others of the truth.
    17. Re:The last sex between Neanderthals and humans by omnichad · · Score: 1

      If generations showed more variation than one lifetime, then it was because of genetics.

  3. Last sex 37,000-86,000 years ago by turkeyfeathers · · Score: 5, Funny

    And that's still better than most Slashdot readers.

    1. Re:Last sex 37,000-86,000 years ago by metrometro · · Score: 2

      I'm sure most of the readership is tallying up the last time they got laid, and wondering if they were in fact the last of their kind to do so.

    2. Re:Last sex 37,000-86,000 years ago by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 1

      And that's still better than most Slashdot readers.

      When we're in charge the first order of business will be to make Ponn-Farr mandatory.

      --

      "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

    3. Re:Last sex 37,000-86,000 years ago by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thanks. After googling this I discoved female ferrets die if they aren't mated by the end of the season.

  4. reproduction != sex by khallow · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Humanity never had successful reproduction with sheep, but I wouldn't go as far as to claim as a result that we've never had sex with sheep.

    I do wonder what changed after the alleged period when occasional reproduction occurred.

    1. Re:reproduction != sex by ArsenneLupin · · Score: 1

      Where is the like button?

    2. Re:reproduction != sex by JustOK · · Score: 4, Funny

      lift their tail, and you'll see it.

      --
      rewriting history since 2109
    3. Re:reproduction != sex by theskipper · · Score: 5, Funny

      It's Sunday, what the heck: (Source: http://www.squidoo.com/sheepjokes#module33629552)

      A New Zealander buys several sheep, hoping to breed them for wool. After several weeks, he notices that none of the sheep are getting pregnant, and calls a vet for help. The vet tells him that he should try artificial insemination.

      The New Zealander doesn't have the slightest idea what this means but, not wanting to display his ignorance, only asks the vet how he will know when the sheep are pregnant. The vet tells him that they will stop standing around and will, instead, lay down and wallow in the grass when they are pregnant.

      The Man hangs up and gives it some thought. He comes to the conclusion that artificial insemination means he has to impregnate the sheep. So, he loads the sheep into his truck, drives them out into the woods, has sex with them all, brings them back and goes to bed.

      Next morning, he wakes and looks out at the sheep. Seeing that they are all still standing around, he concludes that the first try didn't take, and loads them in the truck again. He drives them out to the woods, bangs each sheep twice for good measure, brings them back and goes to bed.

      Next morning, he wakes to find the sheep still just standing around. One more try, he tells himself, and proceeds to load them up and drive them out to the woods. He spends all day shagging the sheep and, upon returning home, falls listlessly into bed.

      The next morning, he cannot even raise himself from the bed to look at the sheep. He asks his wife to look out and tell him if the sheep are laying in the grass. "No," she says, "they're all in the truck and one of them's honking the horn."

    4. Re:reproduction != sex by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I do wonder what changed after the alleged period when occasional reproduction occurred.

      They probably discovered donkeys...
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKWLC87Uzw

    5. Re:reproduction != sex by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I do wonder what changed after the alleged period when occasional reproduction occurred.

      Not just successful reproduction, but offspring whose genetics was carried forward into current populations to be detected by such research.

      One possibility is the two branches diverged enough that crosses muled out. Another is that some crosses might still have remained fertile but the populations resulting from crosses after the cutoff date might have later died out without crossing back into those lines that did survive. (Perhaps cultural values or differing ideas of beauty led to a separation of these two branches of Humanity.)

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
    6. Re:reproduction != sex by drkim · · Score: 1

      Humanity never had successful reproduction with sheep, but I wouldn't go as far as to claim as a result that we've never had sex with sheep.

      HEY!

      I was just helping it over the fence!

    7. Re:reproduction != sex by jamstar7 · · Score: 1

      You've been to Wyoming, I see...

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    8. Re:reproduction != sex by b4dc0d3r · · Score: 1

      The article is great for situations like this when you read the poorly crafted summary and then have questions.

      found that early humans had occasionally successfully interbred with Neanderthals

      ... meaning it probably did not work most of the time. What changed is most likely the rare chance in which it succeeded. It's not like they went from compatible to not compatible overnight. At some point the interbreeding stopped working.

      I think what you are wondering is what caused the change. Were the populations separated for long enough that they were no longer compatible? Or did the increasingly rare successes just tend towards zero? Given the number of alternate theories presented, the people behind this research also wonder the same thing.

    9. Re:reproduction != sex by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's a checkbox.

    10. Re:reproduction != sex by eionmac · · Score: 1

      Um!
      I started a fight between two british regiments in a an English pub, when I cried Ba Ba. (One set of soldiers had a reputation of favouring sheep) . Luckily I won my bet with my fellow drinkers who did not understand the immediate outcry, as I bet them I could start fight between them. Such is youth.

      --
      Regards Eion MacDonald
  5. maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    the neanderthal dna in indo-europeans has obviously made them superior. deal with it.

    1. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      No, this is the information that the Nazi race scientists had supressed for so long, that the Africans were actually the purer race.

    2. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except the Nazis claimed to be the master race and demanded purity within that. So the original AC's comment still stands, though I don't agree with it

    3. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the argument could be that mixed heritage offers the greatest chance for development.. 'purity' only leads to decay.

    4. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Nice strawman but what do the Nazi's have to do with the basic facts of the situation? Europeans have Neanderthal DNA (Neander Valley is in Germany btw) and have fared far better than the pure "humans" in the African subcontinent. Deal with it.

    5. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by DarkOx · · Score: 2

      Which has always been a marvel to me. Even in the 1930's there was enough known about genetics and an established theory of speciation and natural selection that should have enable people to recognize that if anything purity is no virtue at all.

      Its not good for our dogs and its not good for us. Mutations are one way to gain improved forms but the direct mixing of existing genetic material followed by the selection process is a much faster way. Blood lines that were mixed before the neolithic era, probably would have the surviving individuals expressing the most robust genetic material, from all the pre-modern man and related species.

      --
      Repeal the 17th Amendment TODAY! Also Please Read http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html
    6. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Science doesn't stop idiots and monsters from being idiots and monsters.

    7. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your statement supports the OP then since he conjectured that Europeans are more successful due to mixed DNA. So you and the fellow you replied to are essentially saying the Nazis were right but for the wrong reasons!

    8. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by drkim · · Score: 1, Insightful

      the argument could be that mixed heritage offers the greatest chance for development.. 'purity' only leads to decay.

      Correct.
      I believe another word for 'purity' is 'inbreeding.'

    9. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by MightyMartian · · Score: 1

      The argument hasn't just been made, it has been demonstrated. Small breeding populations lead to a decrease in viability. Diversity is very good.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    10. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by MightyMartian · · Score: 0

      Guns are not genetic.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    11. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The tower of Babel.... And saying any race is purer than the next is nothing more than ethnocentrism at this point in time. We've all decayed a good bit. The only thing to do now is to try to learn something from all of this instead of allowing it to deteriorate further, but it probably will regardless. You know how the story goes. Don't lie to yourselves.

    12. Re:maybe this is why africans are so stupid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Pick all colors from a painter's palette and mix them, and you'll get one single dark-brown color that's useless for painting. Pick all ingredients from a kitchen and throw them into a pot, and the result is unedible. Maybe preserving "purity" is important, because each pure ingredient has unique and interesting properties that get ruined if you mix them with the 'wrong ingredients'.

      In fact, the best fruits and the best horses are a result of a long process of selective breeding of members of the same species, while using members of different species have caused some of the worst monsters in recorded history, such as killer bees, or wolf-dog hybrids.

  6. Re:Racist Idiocy by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 2

    Except that Neanderthals were also homo Sapiens. But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

  7. Why'd it take so long for this to reach Slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I mean come on, you were even beaten to this story by a weekly podcast by 2 days.

  8. different study: possibly no mating took place by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting
  9. Neanderthals and humans and Arnold and Maria by Latent+Heat · · Score: 1

    So you are telling me, that some couple has been without sex longer than Maria and Arnold . . . (ba-doom boom!)

  10. Re:Racist Idiocy by Guru80 · · Score: 2

    Technically they are considered a subspecies of Homo Sapiens, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, or as a separate species altogether, Homo neanderthalensis.

  11. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Except that Neanderthals were also homo Sapiens. But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

    Maybe, that's debatable.

    Either way, they were either Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis or Homo Neanderthalensis, but most certainly not Homo Sapiens Sapiens, which is our species. They differed not only in culture and technology, they were a separate species.

    And yes, different, but closely related species, can still interbreed and have viable offspring. That definition of species is not used anywhere above high school biology, because things get a lot more complicated once you take into account ring species.

  12. Re:Racist Idiocy by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

    Technically they are considered a subspecies of Homo Sapiens, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, or as a separate species altogether, Homo neanderthalensis.

    Given the recent data that they're our recent ancestors, only the former makes sense.

  13. Last sex 37,000 years ago by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Alternate title: "Scientists Discover Marriage"

  14. Technically Headline is Not Supported by retroworks · · Score: 2

    There may have been a lot of sex without conception, and even a number of later Neanderthal-European hookups which did conceive. If the entire Neanderthal branch of evolution died out, it's equally possible that other, later branches, of Neanderthal-Euro stepkids died out, or used contraception. But I guess this gets the word "sex" in the headline, which is probably key. The study shows the last sex which produced surviving progeny which has been blood sampled, not necessarily evidence of the last snoo-snoo.

    --
    Gently reply
    1. Re:Technically Headline is Not Supported by lightknight · · Score: 1

      Or perhaps they didn't. Given the difference in cranial sizes, it is conceivable that they progressed technologically much faster than we did. As such, they may even still be among us, albeit hidden.

      --
      I am John Hurt.
    2. Re:Technically Headline is Not Supported by jamstar7 · · Score: 1

      Or perhaps they didn't. Given the difference in cranial sizes, it is conceivable that they progressed technologically much faster than we did. As such, they may even still be among us, albeit hidden.

      And slightly better looking...

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
  15. Lies! Lies! by macbeth66 · · Score: 0

    My wife says that when we have sex, she is doing it with a Neanderthal. But she likes it that way, so we're good.

  16. Re:Racist Idiocy by khallow · · Score: 2

    Given the recent data that they're our recent ancestors, only the former makes sense.

    Not really. There wasn't a lot of genetic exchange even though the populations of the two groups lived by each other for up to 200,000 years.

  17. Re:Racist Idiocy by MightyMartian · · Score: 4, Informative

    I don't think that taxonomy has been in use for a long time. I haven't heard any researcher refer to Neandertals as a subspecies of H. sapens for many years. Nor would it make much sense considering they are likely both daughter species of H. erectus.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  18. A Brief History of the World by nomad-9 · · Score: 0, Troll

    Neanderthal, largely considered inferior to"humans", managed to survive a quarter of a million years through several ice ages, by practicing strict birth-control and maintaining equilibrium with the surrounding environment.

    Then came the crazy "modern" warlike Human with his "modern" tools, who rapidly wiped his predecessor out.

    Then Modern Human spread like a virus, infecting every corner of the earth, killing off most species including large chunks of his own kind, until every natural resource was consumed, incapable of creating an environment of self-preservation. And he thought he was so smart and the sun shined out of his human ass...

    And then one day, the last human died out in the middle of his desolated planet, with his iPhone500 charged up on solar energy but with nobody left to call from his depleted "social network". In the end, just another failed, closed-end mutation of a monkey.

    1. Re:A Brief History of the World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A really interesting Slashdot phenomenon is while attempting to be all scientificy and stuff and being strong advocates of Darwinian natural selection, don't seem to really grasp the implications of the concept. No species tries to maintain equilibrium. Equilibrium is forced upon them.

    2. Re:A Brief History of the World by C0R1D4N · · Score: 2

      Could you provide evidence to the neanderthals contraceptive practices and motivation?

    3. Re:A Brief History of the World by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      That's a nice story. Unfortunately it's got too many scientific errors to be science fiction but sounds too sciencey to be general fiction. I don't think you'll find a publisher willing to take it. Maybe you could write it as being mostly sex scenes and bill it as a romance?

    4. Re:A Brief History of the World by Hognoxious · · Score: 1, Insightful

      No species tries to maintain equilibrium.

      An intelligent one could.

      Let me know when one turns up.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    5. Re:A Brief History of the World by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      It has been published. I've read it. Might be in the Apeman Spaceman collection.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    6. Re:A Brief History of the World by TFAFalcon · · Score: 1

      Only when it's forced on it. If a species had infinite resources and infinite space, then it could expand indefinitely, and that would be the smart thing to do. In those circumstances an equilibrium would be pointless.

      Now the question is: Do we have limited or (virtually) unlimited resources? If our technology advances enough that we are able to reach other star systems, then our resources will be nearly infinite. Even just mining our entire solar system would set us up nicely for centuries to come. So why go for an equilibrium now?

    7. Re:A Brief History of the World by MobileTatsu-NJG · · Score: 2

      Yeah, yeah. I wish everybody did things my way, too.

      --

      "I like to lick butts!" by MobileTatsu-NJG (#32700246) (Score:5, Informative)

    8. Re:A Brief History of the World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No species tries to maintain equilibrium.

      An intelligent one could.

      Let me know when one turns up.

      Define equilibrium first.

    9. Re:A Brief History of the World by drkim · · Score: 1

      Could you provide evidence to the neanderthals contraceptive practices and motivation?

      Practices:
      1. There was the "IUR" (intra-uterine rock)
      2. Not waxing their chest (women only)
      3. Condoms (made of boar's hide)
      4. "Not tonight, I have a headache" (...from you hitting me with that club)
      5. ...and ladies going out on the town with their cock-blocking friend, the Velociraptor.

      Motivation:
      "I don't want to bring a child into a world that's so overcrowded with people.
      Like, we just saw someone by the watering hole two months ago."

    10. Re:A Brief History of the World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Equilibrium is the State where we kill feeling criminals.

    11. Re:A Brief History of the World by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A more interesting phenomenon is people studying " Slashdot phenomenons" instead of history.

      An intelligent species CAN maintain equilibrium and population control. One such well-known example is ancient Sparta.

    12. Re:A Brief History of the World by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      If a species had infinite resources ...
      If our technology advances enough that we are able to reach other star systems

      If my aunt had balls she'd be my uncle.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    13. Re:A Brief History of the World by TFAFalcon · · Score: 1

      And a species not slowing down its growth does not beam that it's not intelligent. It just means that it can still grow.

  19. Neanderthals are like mopeds.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They get you where you want to go, and they are a lot of fun until your friends see you riding one.

    1. Re:Neanderthals are like mopeds.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Real sapiens aren't ashamed to be seen on a moped. Or with a neandertal.

    2. Re:Neanderthals are like mopeds.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I though sapiens were supposed to be above irrational precepts like no-true-scotsman fallacies?

  20. YouTube link, else it didn't happen! by DamonHD · · Score: 1

    Did I miss that post?

    Rgds

    Damon

    --
    http://m.earth.org.uk/
  21. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Apart that the biological definition of a species is that they do not interbreed.

    Considering our hominid ancestors could interbreed, most consequent approach would be to call them a single species.

    That scientist not all agree on that is pretty normal. And especially in this case, after all, until few years ago no-one ever believed we interbred with Neanderthaler, until DNA analysis proved otherwise.

  22. Re:Can we probe end of human sex as well? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They're just saying that to get you to stop trying to fuck them.

  23. Re:Lies! Lies! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No, she's saying that when she has sex, she's doing it with a Neanderthal.

  24. Re:Racist Idiocy by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 4, Funny

    Except that Neanderthals were also homo Sapiens. But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

    Because they knew what a real woman needed. Real men, with proper real tools, solid Mousterian hand axes. Real woman has no need for the effeminate Aurignacian blades, those are for pussies.

    --
    Ezekiel 23:20
  25. Neanderthal Dates by RudyHartmann · · Score: 1

    I've dated a few chicks that thought I was a Neanderthal. I still got lucky though. Chicks just dig furrow brows.

    --
    Oh, yeah! Wise guy, huh? Woob woob woob woob! Nyuk! Nyuk!
  26. Ozzy Osbourne & Neanderthal lineage? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ozzy Osbourne's Genome Reveals Some Neandertal Lineage:

    http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=ozzy-osbourne-genome

    * "Will wonders never cease"...

    APK

    P.S.=> I've got no problems with that, especially when he makes tunes as good as this one ( "Killer of GIANTS" ) -> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXWPcFtra4A

    ... apk

    1. Re:Ozzy Osbourne & Neanderthal lineage? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      APK's Genome Reveals Some Neandertal Lineage:

      http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=ozzy-osbourne-genome

      * "I suck Neandertal cock"...

      APK

      P.S.=> I've got no problems with that, especially when I make tunes as good as this one on his bone flute ( "Sucker of Cock" ) -> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXWPcFtra4A

      ... apk

  27. Not surprising... by zig007 · · Score: 1

    I suppose it must have been about 50,000 years ago when the Neanderthals really started to let themselves go, remember?

    --
    Baboons are cute.
  28. We're All the Same, Now. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If humans now have N genes, and didn't before, then "Modern" humans are the ones that have N genes. To say nothing about habits and manners. Don't get me started on that. :) Since then, it's all about inbreeding, really. And reinforcement. Thank goodness they didn't find any Annunaki sex toys, or something. :)

  29. Re:Can we probe end of human sex as well? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There's a reason they just want to be your friends.

  30. Species [Re:Racist Idiocy] by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Either way, they were either Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis or Homo Neanderthalensis, but most certainly not Homo Sapiens Sapiens, which is our species.

    Pedantic quibble: Homo Sapiens is a (genus and) species designation. Homo Sapiens Sapiens is a species designation with a subspecies appended. So, correctly, our species is Homo Sapiens.

    As I understand it, whether Neanderthals were a subspecies of homo sap., or a separete species within the genus, has been debated without a firm consensus reached. I expect that the DNA evidence has now added a new set of evidence which will potentially allow a consensus to be reached.

  31. so long as by nimbius · · Score: 1

    the cast of the television series "Jersy Shore" continue to procreate, I for one as a scientist cannot in good conscience rule definitively on the end of human-neanderthal intercourse.

    --
    Good people go to bed earlier.
  32. Pics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Pics or it didn't happen! (Or in this age: YouTube or it didn't happen)

  33. Ugly ape or European ancestor by dhaen · · Score: 1

    What makes me laugh is the changes that have occurred in artists illustrations of Neanderthals: Before dna connection made: Ugly, primitive - almost thuggish. After dna connection: Intelligent looking, caring for others - could almost be your old uncle... (not mine though;-)

  34. Re:Can we probe end of human sex as well? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    no.. going dyke is usually the result of too much feminism in her diet.

  35. The time it stopped by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    When she said no.

  36. Has it ended? by hughbar · · Score: 1

    Why only last night, but it was really dark and I was pretty wasted. I'm ashamed to tell you the rest. I think the scratches are going to heal pretty well though.

    --
    On y va, qui mal y pense!
  37. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    but...you're not correct since the nazi's never made the claim that their superiority was derived from purity. they argued that since they were superior they should keep themselves pure. which means your statement is made up bullshit and you are a liar.

  38. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    If two individuals give fertile descendency, aren't they of the same species?

  39. Re:Racist Idiocy by Carewolf · · Score: 1

    Except that Neanderthals were also homo Sapiens. But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

    I thought it had been established that Neanderthals had slightly better tools, technology if you want, than contemporary Humans. They were just loners and didn't build societies, and only lived in small family groups, and eventually disapperared as a destinct species.

  40. Re:Racist Idiocy by ColdWetDog · · Score: 5, Interesting

    If two individuals give fertile descendency, aren't they of the same species?

    Welcome to the Species Problem.

    tl;dr - It's complicated.

    --
    Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
  41. The Neander Valley by RudyHartmann · · Score: 2

    Neanderthal means Neander Valley in German. I used to live near Dusseldorf which is also close to this valley in Germany. There is a really nice train ride to get to it, there's a nice nature trail and a museum with some displays of Neanderthal bones and artifacts. Neanderthals could probably interbreed with modern humans even if they were a new species. There are inter-special hybrids, such as mules. But they are usually sterile if the genome is too divergent. Neanderthal DNA is believed to be in our modern genome too. So they could not have been to genetically different than we are. Species are somewhat arbitrarily assigned anyway. It is also commonly believed by many that they were lesser mentally developed and brute beasts. The average cranial capacity of Neanderthal skulls exceeds that of modern humans. There's a lot of controversy surrounding their intellectual ability. Especially their language skills. The hyoid bone in your throat allows you to produce the sounds of modern language. They have found Neanderthal hyoid bones which were well developed. This has deepened that controversy. Just like there is great physical diversity among domestic dogs, why couldn't the same apply to homo sapiens? There is speculation that they were not immune to some of the infectious diseases that we had spread to their population. That this might have been the cause of their extinction and not our superiority. This would also explain why contact with them invariably led to extinction.

    --
    Oh, yeah! Wise guy, huh? Woob woob woob woob! Nyuk! Nyuk!
    1. Re:The Neander Valley by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Here's a thought: maybe neanderthals never went away, but merge with humans who began to populate europe at the time. In essence, Europeans may not truly be "human" like the rest of humanity, but a hybrid species. Explains why Europeans have features no other group has in the world. More than just time to adapt to the climate. Pale skin, narrow bridged noses, and other features that neanderthals, a species that existed up in that part of the world longer, may have had.

      It would also explain features found in people who live in Eastern Europe as well. Also neanderthals may have been around even more recently, looking at descriptions of trolls and other creatures of folklore, match the profile of neanderthals quite well.

      It would be interesting to see what has really happened. But I'm betting neanderthals never truly died out. They merged into humans.

      Look at this picture:
      http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/5/16/1242501448097/Neanderthal-001.jpg

      I can say that I have met people who look a lot like that, hell the guy reminds me of Charles Bukowski. Who also was born in Germany, where neanderthals were first discovered, just as an example of similarities.

  42. Re:Lies! Lies! by bytesex · · Score: 1

    No *you* lie! Posting on Slashdot and maintaining that you have a wife. And having sex with her and everything! Tss.

    --
    Religion is what happens when nature strikes and groupthink goes wrong.
  43. Tell that to Hitler and Goebbels... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ... so I guess Africans are the only true and pure humans on the planet :D They must be turning on their graves LOL

  44. Re:Racist Idiocy by AliasMarlowe · · Score: 1

    If two individuals give fertile descendency, aren't they of the same species?

    Well, yes and/or no (i.e. it's complicated). After all, canid hybrids are often fertile (at least, with their parent species or a like hybrid), but wolves, coyotes, dingoes, and jackals are generally considered to be different species. Similarly, felid hybrids such as ligers are fertile with other ligers and with both lion and tiger mates.

    Check also the European Herring Gull and the Lesser Black-backed Gull for a ring distribution of species which are mutually fertile with their neighbors, but whose end-units overlap in range and are not mutually fertile. There have also been a few cases of a female mule being fertile when mated with either horse or donkey, despite the species having different numbers of chromosomes.

    --
    Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities. - Voltaire
  45. essentially just a different race by peter303 · · Score: 1

    Its still unclear how different Neanderthals may have appeared, but probably not that different. They could probably talk, but maybe not as well as cromagnon. They may have appeared more "robust", ie. muscular. Probably both of are races were your typical ape "horndogs" willing to have sex with anything that looked decent at certain times. Most of the apes and modern humans are like this.

  46. Re:Racist Idiocy by siride · · Score: 0

    Whites did poorly for a very long time, actually. It wasn't until the last millenium that they started diverging from the rest of the world. Before that, Northern and Western Europe was a backwater and had been since before the dawn of civilization.

  47. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ever heard of Alexander of Macedon? You know...the guy who conquered half the world in the 4th century BC? Yeah, that was over two millennia ago. Maybe you should go take an Intro to Western Civ class, clown.

  48. Re:Racist Idiocy by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

    Yes, but isn't it generally considered that if they DO mate and produce fertile offspring "in the wild", they're the same species? Unless there's limited-interfertility issue, which can't be established now.

  49. Re:Racist Idiocy by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

    Considering our hominid ancestors did interbreed, most consequent approach would be to call them a single species.

    Fixed that for you.

  50. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    If whites did so poorly since the beginning of civilization why do half of the world's people speak a language based on proto-indo-european? could it be that the aryans had the most advanced political and technological systems long before anyone else? that's what the archaeological evidence supports. deal with it.

  51. Re:Can we probe end of human sex as well? by drkim · · Score: 1

    Since all my female friends seem to be going dike?

    They're doing that 'cause they don't need men on the planet anymore:
    Human Sperm from Stem Cells

  52. Re:Racist Idiocy by MightyMartian · · Score: 1

    That is not the biological definition of a species. That's the cartoon definition. The biological definition is far more nuanced.

    For instance, coyotes and wolves are considered separate species and yet they do interbreed.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  53. As recently as 1950! by nuckfuts · · Score: 1
  54. Re:Lies! Lies! by drkim · · Score: 1

    No *you* lie! Posting on Slashdot and maintaining that you have a wife.

    When he says 'wife' he's referring to his "One Million Years B.C." poster of Raquel Welch on the basement wall.

    This also explains the 'Neanderthal' fantasy.

  55. Re:Racist Idiocy by MightyMartian · · Score: 0

    The earliest written languages were in Mesopotomia, Egypt and china (order somewhat controversial). All the major developments on the way to civilization; animal domestication, agriculture, urban development, writing, bureaucracy, bronze and so forth were developed in Asia, while indo-Europeans were still savages in Eastern Europe. Even the Iron Age began in East Africa. The first literate Indo-Europeans were the Hittites, whose writing system and much of its culture were nicked from the Sumero-Akkadian civilization. Even up to the Middle Ages Europe had no real technical advantage over the East Asian civilizations.

    As Jered Diamond points out, all the key innovations that lead to civilization were developed outside of Europe and the Indo-European sphere. Hell, even our alphabet has its roots in Phoenecian writing.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  56. Re:Racist Idiocy by jamstar7 · · Score: 1

    Oh, for some mod points! Kudos, sir, kudos!

    --
    Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
  57. RE: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I don't believe the earth is that old. Sometimes I wonder how things ended up getting this far out here in the twilight zone. We have devolved in a few ways, especially socially. I laugh at myself for even saying anything to yas.

  58. look at maria shriver's face by circletimessquare · · Score: 1

    i can see neanderthal in that just as much as in arnold

    unless your comment is more of a morality judgment on his actions, in that case WHOOSH on me

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
  59. rule 34 by circletimessquare · · Score: 1

    please

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:rule 34 by evilviper · · Score: 1

      Looks like the domain neanderthal.xxx is still available!

      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
  60. Re:Racist Idiocy by jamstar7 · · Score: 0

    Where is the irony? This actually prove their point. 1) Whites different then blacks, as in not a mere skin colour difference but a real race branching. 2) White European did much better then black African. Ignore the politically correct bullshit, base your judgement only on verifiable observation like you would for any other animal species.

    White European did much better, this is fact. Maybe it is due to not been so pure homo sapiens? Now who is the brain-dead? Fuck off.

    Never heard of Timbuktu, eh? They had civilisation there while the 'always technologically dominant' whites in Europe were still chasing each other around with stone knives trying to wrap their minds around the concept of 'the wheel'.

    --
    Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
  61. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    > But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

    I disagree. If anything, the Neanderthals liked technology TOO MUCH for their own good. Humans were content to attack with spears in large organized groups. Neanderthals fought back as individuals armed to the teeth with surprisingly sophisticated weapons. Humans tended the fields and used primitive axes to cut firewood. Neanderthals spent half the summer trying to make a better plow and improve the ergonomics of their axe.

  62. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    I think your sense of time is a little off. Also slave trade was one of Timbuktu's major industries, sounds like a real nice place.

  63. Re:Racist Idiocy by crunchygranola · · Score: 3, Interesting

    ... Before that, Northern and Western Europe was a backwater and had been since before the dawn of civilization.

    Ever heard of Alexander of Macedon? You know...the guy who conquered half the world in the 4th century BC? Yeah, that was over two millennia ago. Maybe you should go take an Intro to Western Civ class, clown.

    And when did Alexander of Macedon ever set foot in Northern or Western Europe? He himself thought he had conquered half the world, but we have learned a little more geography in the last 2400 years. Most of Greece, most of Turkey, part of the eastern half of the Middle East and Pakistan is not half the world.

    Maybe Ringling Brothers is holding auditions AC.

    --
    Second class citizen of the New Gilded Age
  64. Re:Racist Idiocy by crunchygranola · · Score: 1

    To expand on MightyMartian has to say even the most advanced parts of Europe had no technological advantage over East Asia until about 1700, had no economic advantage over China until about 1800. The per capita GDPs of England and China were the same until the Industrial Revolution. Europe only demonstrated any sort of cultural dominance over China in 1839 thanks to the new weaponry and supply capability of the Industrial Revolution. Those "advanced" Aryans sure were lazy for a long, long time.

    --
    Second class citizen of the New Gilded Age
  65. GOING BY MY BOSS'S HUBBY !! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's still going on today !!

  66. Re:Racist Idiocy by khallow · · Score: 1

    Well, so little genetic cross over over such a long time indicates a good chance of some sort of limited interfertility issue.

  67. Re:Racist Idiocy by theArtificial · · Score: 1
    You bring up many great points and I'd like to add to them.

    Even up to the Middle Ages Europe had no real technical advantage over the East Asian civilizations.

    I'd like to point out the importance of (quality) Steel. Clip of a Katana vs a broadsword (related discussion here). Also, European Maritime History is worth a mention.

    --
    Man blir trött av att gå och göra ingenting.
  68. Re:Racist Idiocy by crunchygranola · · Score: 1

    I don't think that taxonomy has been in use for a long time. I haven't heard any researcher refer to Neandertals as a subspecies of H. sapens for many years. Nor would it make much sense considering they are likely both daughter species of H. erectus.

    Right. Genetic evidence shows an ancient lineage split with Neanderthals around 700-800,000 years ago, and modern humans coming into existence only around 250,000 years ago.

    --
    Second class citizen of the New Gilded Age
  69. Re:Racist Idiocy by the+biologist · · Score: 1

    At some point maybe, but 'modern' humans had a tendency to rapidly innovate/improve their technology while Neanderthals apparently did not. Early 'modern' humans also didn't build societies, instead only living in small family groups.

  70. Good thing humans and donkeys don't by Ranger · · Score: 1

    produce viable offspring. This proves that if man can stick his dick in it, he will fuck it.

    --
    "You'll get nothing, and you'll like it!"
  71. After one night in Morocco I could prove it wrong by osiaq · · Score: 1

    at least from what i saw.

  72. Re:Racist Idiocy by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

    Everybody except the Africans seems to have gotten some of the Neanderthal genes, so that says that the mixing of genes happened early or often or both. Maybe the low mix of Neanderthal genes is just due to the late-out-of-Africa people being more numerous or their genes being more advantageous. But the Neanderthal genes that are left are probably adaptive in some way. Possibly in dealing with cold weather, limited sunlight or non-tropical immune challenges. I read that there are a good number of possibly Neanderthal genes in European immune systems, and the Neanderthals had lived in more varied climates including the north during the last Ice Age so they were probably lighter-skinned and lighter haired than Africans, who were probably dark like they are today. Maybe all the genes for features that are atypical of Africans like light hair, light eyes and straight hair come through the Neanderthal lineage.

  73. Re:Racist Idiocy by khallow · · Score: 1

    And they might have gotten that DNA in a few isolated cases. Keep in mind that there weren't many humans for much of our past, especially after the alleged Toba supervolcano eruption in Indonesia about 70k years ago (which incidentally is the older part of the range for DNA influence from Neanderthals). And as far as the researchers were able to tell, there's about 20k years at the end where no genetic exchange occurred.

  74. Battlestar Galactica by wolverine1999 · · Score: 1

    So the neanderthal's are the guys and girls from Battlestar Galactica after all as seen in the last episode. They had sex with the humans on earth and we are the descendants as a result.
    http://books.google.com.mt/books?id=iK1YbKrNRcoC&lpg=PA57&ots=KmOIWXGCTv&dq=neanderthal%20battlestar%20galactica&pg=PA56#v=onepage&q=neanderthal%20battlestar%20galactica&f=false

  75. Re:Racist Idiocy by rs79 · · Score: 1

    Exactly. The species problem really isn't that hard, in a nutshell it's what the expert(s) in that field say it is. Sometimes the difference in species is a tiny dot of color, other times to very dissimilar forms are the same species, but these are edge cases, in general if there's a way to tell two things apart, they're different species; what's often left out is the temporal notion of this - species change and grade into each other all the time. H. sapiens and Neanderthal met all the requirements for being different species.

    --
    Need Mercedes parts ?
  76. Why keep spreading the lies? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The most amazing fact her is the lie that 'modern man' came from Africa. Even the author of the idea doesn't believe it any longer so why can't /.'ers read and learn from his mistakes. And as for the sex.... Bertha... Bertha Butt... One of the Butt sisters... And she said "yeaaAAAA".

  77. Re:Racist Idiocy by Geeky · · Score: 3, Funny

    No, the Neanderthals liked technology, but invented patents so that Ug got exclusive rights to fire and refused to license it to Og. There was also some nastiness over whether the stone tools could have rounded edges.

    Humans freely ripped off Neanderthal technology. The Neanderthals tried to take them to court, but the humans had not yet evolved enough to understand the concept of intellectual property rights so just ignored them.

    Eventually the Neanderthals consumed all of their resources in a massive lawsuit that left the earth scorched and the humans scratching their heads and telling themselves that whatever happened in the future, they wouldn't ever be so stupid as to repeat those mistakes.

    --
    Sigs are so 1990s. No way would I be seen dead with one.
  78. Re:Can we probe end of human sex as well? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Doesn't matter; dyke or no, they still don't want you to fuck them.

  79. Re:Racist Idiocy by tehcyder · · Score: 2

    > But they were more primitive in their technology, for whatever reason.

    I disagree. If anything, the Neanderthals liked technology TOO MUCH for their own good. Humans were content to attack with spears in large organized groups. Neanderthals fought back as individuals armed to the teeth with surprisingly sophisticated weapons. Humans tended the fields and used primitive axes to cut firewood. Neanderthals spent half the summer trying to make a better plow and improve the ergonomics of their axe.

    So Neanderthals were the first nerds?

    --
    To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
  80. Modern Extreme conservatives.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    descended from human/neanderthal hybrids. For example, the character trait of not being able to accept change and adapt easily to changes in environment. Or, still holding on to long disproven beliefs.

  81. Re:Racist Idiocy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See Ring Species. The species problem is really complicated.