The Power of a Hot Body
Hugh Pickens writes "Depending on the level of activity, the human body generates about 60 to 100 Watts of energy in the form of heat, about the same amount of heat given off by the average light bulb. Now Diane Ackerman writes in the NY Times that architects and builders are finding ways to capture this excess body heat on a scale large enough to warm homes and office buildings. At Stockholm's busy hub, Central Station, engineers harness the body heat issuing from 250,000 railway travelers to warm the 13-story Kungsbrohuset office building about 100 yards away. First, the station's ventilation system captures the commuters' body heat, which it uses to warm water in underground tanks. From there, the hot water is pumped to Kungsbrohuset's heating pipes, which ends up saving about 25 percent on energy bills. Kungsbrohuset's design has other sustainable elements as well. The windows are angled to let sunlight flood in, but not heat in the summer. Fiber optics relay daylight from the roof to stairwells and other non-window spaces that in conventional buildings would cost money to heat. Constructing the new heating system, including installing the necessary pumps and laying the underground pipes, only cost the firm about $30,000, says Karl Sundholm, a project manager at Jernhusen, a Stockholm real estate company, and one of the creators of the system. 'It pays for itself very quickly,' Sundholm adds. 'And for a large building expected to cost several hundred million kronor to build, that's not that much, especially since it will get 15% to 30% of its heat from the station.'"
One step closer to The Matrix movie.
Who else expected something completely different from the headline?
how much that all might smell...
The Swedes are such a cold people. Even the Danes consider them distant and formal (not to mention a bit condescending).
It gets worse
Fiber optics relay daylight from the roof to stairwells and other non-window spaces that in conventional buildings would cost money to heat.
... cost money to light, during the day. At night you still need lights. Fiber is fairly IR transparent, even if they really did mean "heat", which I find unlikely, they still need heat during the night, especially long winter nights. I'm sure they'll have all the heat necessary during long summer days.
"Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
do you mean "the human body generates about 60 to 100 Watts of energy" ?
similar to saying
"the car covers distance at 100 km/h"
which is not too bad. i have seen much worse.
Maybe I'm nit-picking in finding this anachronistic, but this is a technology news site...
There has been very few to look in to sub-surface building, such a shame.
I've looked into it. Sump pump / water leak costs / waterproofing attempts are extraordinarily expensive.
Also you are correct, dude in wifebeater tee shirt can dig a house basement sized hole in plain ole dirt for 3-figures... I'm guessing an entire basement can be completely built for only a couple thousand. Supposedly $5/sqft finished is reasonable. Don't confuse building a living space with shoving a basement full of $10K worth of HVAC gear... you can still build the raw empty basement for just a couple thousand. Also don't confuse confiscatory taxes and permit fees with the actual cost, in a civilized area most of the expense is the labor not permits.
The killer is I ran some numbers and digging the NYC 2nd ave subway is something like 37 million dollars every 10 feet. I'm guessing a skyscraper is less per 10ft.
"Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
Actually, during the long winter nights, you don't need as much heating as you'd think if the house is built correctly. In fact, we have a problem here in Sweden, Norway and Finland in that many houses built in the 70's and 80's are overly insulated and thus cause health problems(increased probability of asthma, allergies, sleep problems etc etc).
MW are not units of energy. Megawatts per month makes no sense whatsoever.
Or...
Power is already a time-rate unit, throwing the "month" in there just confuses things.
Or...
Over what time scale? Did they mean average power? What is the typical "home" journalists and PR folk use for this drivel? Homes consume power in different amounts - a highrise condo in NYC is very different than a McMansion in the 'burbs. The same house, occupied by different people, will use power at vastly different rates.
Or...
Don't even get me started.
>" about the same amount of heat given off by the average light bulb"
For the love of god, will people PLEASE come up with a better analogy than that tired, ancient one. I don't know about you, but I don't think I have more than one or two bulbs anywhere in my house that pull more than 20 watts, the average being more like 12.
The "average light bulb" is hardly "average" anymore.
While they are at it let's install fart receptacles so that when a person feels a toot coming on they can plop their own asses on a hole to capture the methane for power plant use.....
The Mall of America does a version of this.
Passionately Indifferent
that architects and builders are finding ways to capture this excess body heat on a scale large enough to warm homes and office buildings
If you are in the building, aren't you already warming the building with your body heat, excess or otherwise?
First there is no law of air conditioning. it's a law of thermodynamics.
Second it's called removing energy, I can make it "cold" by removing energy from it.
Cold is a human term for a temperature state. Reducing the temperature of an object by removing energy is in fact making it "cold".
Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
Of those 100 travelers in a busy public space, about 8 are farting at any given moment.
If that heat and gas could be captured, we might have an alternate energy revolution, especially within a few blocks of a Taco Bell.
Futurist Traditionalism
How many of you have been in a crowded house party in the dead of winter, with snow on the ground? Everybody piled their coats in a bedroom, the windows are open, and it's still hot. No money at all. If there are bodies in the room, and they're moving, it's hot.
That heating method is very expensive due to the fuel costs.
As soon as you run out of beer, you'll lose almost all of your heating elements. It will probably end up costing you a couple of hundred bucks per night to heat the house.
The Mall of America was designed with the foreknowledge that people moving through it would generate heat. When I was working a volunteer event there a number of years ago the community relations contact we had was cheerfully explaining that they typically don't heat the mall. She cited a figure of 100 people generates about the same thermal output as an average household furnace. Which puts into context why a party in a house gets so warm... Most office towers in northern latitudes tend to heat primarily around the edges of the building where heat bleeds out of the tower through the windows. Otherwise you may find that the interior of the build could actually be receiving cool air to dissipate the body heat of the office workers.
So, while I applaud the re-use of body heat for something useful, it's definitely not a new concept. Architects and engineers have been accounting for it and sometimes harnessing it for years.
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/light+bulb?s=t
"light bulb, noun: An electric light."
So I guess it depends on your definition. And even if you require it to be glass, contain a gas, and a filament, then a fluorescent lamp is still a bulb. I guess my LED ones don't quite fit that, though.
If I paid for the food that made that heat, and paid to be in the space they're using to collect that heat, I'm sending someone a bill...
Honestly you can build a modest, normal sized home that can do most of this without any "high tech" by using building techniques from the 1950's and 1960's and modern insulation.
Apparently you haven't been in many houses built in the 50's and 60's...
Pressed board siding, blown in paper insulation, thin walls, single pane windows, substandard wiring, no weather wrapping, inefficient heating and cooling ... only someone who literally knew *nothing* about house construction or was high as a kite would say houses built in the 50's and 60's were superior in *any* way to today. That was the initial "suburbia" boom and houses were slapped together as quickly and inexpensively as possible -- and there were no modern codes to ensure they were done well. If you were to pick ANY decades that, hands down, produced the worst quality construction in the last 125 years, those would be it. (Although, arguably, if you look at the rise of slap-together condo construction in the late 70's and early 80's, those would be worse... but its a small part of the market.)
If you're trying to wax nostalgic about structural quality, you need to go a LOT farther back than that, back to pre-WWII, when houses were built to last... but even those are a joke when it comes to energy efficiency. There's nothing you can do with modern insulation to fix a house with 4" thick exterior walls, short of filling them with aerogels... which is why modern houses in cold climates require 6"-8" exterior walls, with appropriate insulation, appropriately sealed windows, proper siding and home wrap.
If you are in the building, aren't you already warming the building with your body heat, excess or otherwise?
Umm, yes. In this case you (along with a few thousand of your closest friends) are heating the building so much that the excess heat has to be removed. The point of the article is to put that excess heat that has to be removed to good use heating ANOTHER building.
Lack of ventilation more so than too much insulation. New enough to have "advanced" insulation, too old for modern heat recovery ventilator machines in the HVAC.
"Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
Without kWh statistics, I call shenanigans.
You can hold down the "B" button for continuous firing.
Usually whenever /. posts a story about harnessing energy from some source, the pseudo-physicists come out in force to complain about the energy being stolen, e.g. a story about harvesting energy from the motion of cars over a road attracts comments about stealing gas from the motorists (it must increase fuel usage, or the laws of thermodynamics are being violated, yada yada). Knowing /., I was expecting complaints about how this must increase food usage of the people in the subway. Kinda like how putting solar panels on your roof causes the sun to burn out more quickly, right? That energy you're getting has to come from somewhere...
So disappointing, /. You've lost your outrageous outrage. Or you've grasped the concepts of efficiency and otherwise wasted energy... (not holding my breath on that one -- we'll see what happens the next time an article is run on harvesting energy from something other than the sun or body heat or other examples where the fallacy is obvious.)
"Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies."
If you were to pick ANY decades that, hands down, produced the worst quality construction in the last 125 years, those would be it. (Although, arguably, if you look at the rise of slap-together condo construction in the late 70's and early 80's, those would be worse... but its a small part of the market.)
Well, you'd really have to say "everything built since the 1950s" because statistically they're all pieces of shit built just the same way, except they're pretty much all using glass or foam insulation now and they have a tyvek wrap.
If you're trying to wax nostalgic about structural quality, you need to go a LOT farther back than that, back to pre-WWII, when houses were built to last... but even those are a joke when it comes to energy efficiency. There's nothing you can do with modern insulation to fix a house with 4" thick exterior walls, short of filling them with aerogels
Ah yes, but if you go back pre-WWII then you're going back to at least the end of the era when lumber was still cheap, especially if you lived near it and you should probably remember that California is the most populous state, and we not only still produce lumber but we're near the other states which make a name for themselves doing it. I lived for some time in a crappy little house in Marysville that was framed in 2x6s, and they were real 2x6s, not the fake ones we have today. Sure the lumber is rough; the homeowner doesn't care and the builder wore gloves, same as he does today.
"You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
>"Good for you, but the majority of people are still using incandescent bulbs."
Not the people that I know. All my friends and family have higher than 50% non-incandescent, making non-incandescent the "norm" or "average". Most are much, much higher uptake than 50%. My last big jump from 60% to 95% happened last year when I was finally able to get LED BR30 tracklight bulbs (Utilitech Pro #0338929) that are:
* Bright (650 Lumens)
* True soft white (2700K)
* Flood, not spot
* Fully dimmable
* X10 compatible
* Instant 100% full brightness
* Affordable
I thought it would be Philips that could do it first, but these no-names (from Lowe's, I think it was) have impressed the hell out of me. Florescent BR30 bulbs were never the right color, noisy as hell, completely X10 incompatible, take a while to brighten, and really never last as long as claimed.
My 1926 house already has this feature. All of the heat given off by the bodies in the house going directly into the air and so the heater doesn't have to run as often. It's amazing what they thought of in 1926, before central heat was even invented. No wonder they're called the Greatest Generation!
Kind thoughts do not change the world
I bit off topic – but it’s spot on when it comes to global warming.
By subsiding green energy we will overinvest in politicians pet projects (I am thinking about corn ethanol) and underinvest in neat innovated projects like this – which offers great bang for the buck. A carbon tax would be much more rational.
I agree. It irks me to no end when journalists, even science or engineering journalists, conflate (units of) energy and power. I guess I shouldn't be surprised, since hardly anyone else gets it right either. Nor, it seems, does anyone care. No wonder we can't have meaningful conversations about energy, where it comes from, and how we use it.
I'm amazed at how many people have a hard time understanding kilowatt-hours and talk about how many kilowatts per hour their computer uses, or end up fucking up the conversion so much that they think their computer costs $60/hour to run.
Or...
Over what time scale? Did they mean average power? What is the typical "home" journalists and PR folk use for this drivel? Homes consume power in different amounts - a highrise condo in NYC is very different than a McMansion in the 'burbs. The same house, occupied by different people, will use power at vastly different rates.
Or...
Don't even get me started.
How many homes of bioelectricity does it take to power a library of congress?
From at least least world war 2. Bomb shelters need to account for a lot of body heat on a small space.
That question is like asking how many meters per second are there in a kilometer More generally, it is like asking how many first derivatives of f(x) are in 1000 f(x). Quite honestly, the question has no factual answer other than discarding the wording of the question, and informing the questioner of the difference between power and energy. It would have been very interesting to watch if the contestant actually knew this and the show had the answer wrong.
File under 'M' for 'Manic ranting'
That they were going to pump crowded train air directly into the office. Nothing else would quite keep the cubicle monkeys in their place quite like letting them know that free heat is worth more than lack of BO :)
Yes. And in the late 60s undergraduate agricultural engineering students at the U of I were using the heat given off by a chicken in designing chicken coops.
Bell Northern Research in Ottawa, Ontario designed its later labs to not only not require heating, but to pipe heat into the older buildings that still did.
I have a house built in 1960. The siding is the original cedar shake over plywood cladding. The insulation is fiberglass, though some is collapsed or missing. The wiring is 3-wire NM with a circuit-breaker panel (Square D, likely original); the outlets were originally 2 prong but the boxes were all grounded. No weather wrap; that came much later. Locally a lot of people have replaced the shakes with vinyl and added a weather wrap. The windows were indeed terrible, but no worse than anything which went before; they differed from wood single pane windows of the 1700s only in that they had a spring instead of weights; I replaced them with vinyl.
Houses of a similar age which didn't have shakes either had clapboard, wood panel siding, or asbestos siding (which might give you cancer but is quite durable). A few had stucco.
The worst modern houses were slightly later, with your pressed board siding (70s and 80s, not 50s and 60s, at least in this area), aluminum wiring (which if it weren't a disaster in the 70s, we'd likely be using now), and poly-butyl pipes (another '70s "innovation"). Also I suspect anything sided with fake stucco (EIFS) and cladded with OSB will end up being the "pressed board" of this era.
Still, as far as construction is concerned, I've never heard of any of these homes falling down due to structural inadequacy. Some sagging roofs due to inadequate support. There's plenty of 1920s homes around too; it's not clear at all that they're superior in construction. Superficially they've got creakier floors and stairs, and they too have their share of sagging roofs.
Mod parent up
You want pictures? Of the entire interior of my and my friends' and family's houses? I think not. You can choose to believe whatever you like, it makes no difference to me.
That's the problem with analogies, they are based on something the majority is familiar with. ~80% of the population of the USA is over the age of 30. The incandescent bulb began it's phase out only a few years ago.
There is a tiny insignificant portion of the population who can't rationalise what a 60 watt lightbulb looks like in terms of heat and light. Old people being especially resistant to change have no idea how much light or heat a 20watt CFL generates.
Comparing something in power terms to incandescent is by far the best way to reach a vast majority of people as it directly relates heat, light, and their lives.
Now using the floppy disc as a save symbol on the other hand is approaching ludicrous. The prevalence of technology amongst a subset of the population who have never saved a file onto a floppy disc means this icon is essentially meaningless to most users.
Do it Dutch style, all participants bring their own fuel.
I can throw myself at the ground, and miss.
It's ridiculous when you see so many houses with brick fireplaces, 3 sides of which are external of the houses they're heating. Architects that design houses with fireplaces like that should be rounded up & shot; well at least made to drive cabs instead.