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Male Scent Molecules May Be Compromising Biomedical Research

sciencehabit (1205606) writes "Scientists have found that mice feel 36% less pain when a male researcher is in the room, versus a female researcher. The rodents are also less stressed out. The effect appears to be due to scent molecules that male mammals (including humans, dogs, and cats) have been emitting for eons. The finding could help explain why some labs have trouble replicating the results of others, and it could cause a reevaluation of decades of animal experiments: everything from the effectiveness of experimental drugs to the ability of monkeys to do math. Male odor could even influence human clinical trials."

54 of 274 comments (clear)

  1. Also, this means... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    No more need to wear deodorant. My naturally musky smell will make everyone feel more at ease.

    1. Re:Also, this means... by Muros · · Score: 5, Informative

      No more need to wear deodorant. My naturally musky smell will make everyone feel more at ease.

      Unfortunately, the summary is incorrect. The article says the mice are more stressed with males around.

    2. Re:Also, this means... by Muros · · Score: 2

      No, your reading comprehension sucks and the summary is correct. From the end of the fourth paragraph in the fucking article (emphasis mine):

      The rodents showed significantly fewer signs of pain (an average of a 36% lower score on the grimace scale) when a male researcher was in the room than when a female researcher—or no researcher at all—was there.

      Read as far as the sixth paragraph.

    3. Re:Also, this means... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 4, Informative

      I found plain old alcohol superior to deodorant in every way.

      Amazing stuff. It strips the built up oils and wax on the hair off and kills the bacteria too.

      I found a lot of deodorants actually made me smell worse when they broke down.

      Only down side is on a hot day- I might have to do this again every six hours. But deodorant doesn't even last six hours on me.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    4. Re:Also, this means... by i+kan+reed · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Stress and lack of pain are both associated with adrenaline, so I'd say that's a totally plausible thing.

    5. Re:Also, this means... by boristdog · · Score: 5, Funny

      How much do you have to drink to get this effect?

    6. Re:Also, this means... by postbigbang · · Score: 2

      One could test for ACTH, another hormone that is often co-morbid with adrenaline as a stress reaction. That would seal the deal: animals are in fear, stressed, and are ready for men to do bad things to them. Women are comparatively harmless, as a result, in terms of invoking stress, were both adrenal and ACTH products present. Ought to be an easy test.

      --
      ---- Teach Peace. It's Cheaper Than War.
    7. Re:Also, this means... by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 5, Funny

      It varies but it also improves my dancing and my kung fu skills.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    8. Re:Also, this means... by Kiffer · · Score: 2

      State Dependent Memory.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S...

      If you learn to play while drunk you improve your skills while drunk but not while sober.
      In order to be good while sober you need to learn while sober.
      The fun part is that you learn lots of things while in different states.
      You learn to do something only while heavily caffeinated/drunk/high? Then it only comes to you easily while you are caffeinated, drunk or high...
      Caffeine and coding.
      Drink and darts.

    9. Re:Also, this means... by Jmc23 · · Score: 5, Informative
      No, it's not. Modal has to do with different modes of learning, weird how it's exactly what it says eh?

      State specific or dependent memory is what you are looking for, which strangely enough has to do with the state of mind you're in.

      Weird how words work like that, eh?

      --
      Don't complain about syntax, grammar, or spelling. There is no.hell like input on android.
    10. Re:Also, this means... by Your.Master · · Score: 2

      He was quoting:

      My naturally musky smell will make everyone feel more at ease.

      Stress is the opposite of at ease.

      I agree that the summary was not really incorrect though, though I think it could have included the sentence you quoted.

    11. Re:Also, this means... by mlyle · · Score: 2

      The summary is correct about reduced pain. It's backwards about stress level:

      Further testing showed that the rodents exposed to male odors were actually feeling less pain, rather than simply hiding the pain they were in. The male aroma ramped up their stress levels, which deadened the hurt. “It’s really astounding that such a robust effect could have been missed for so many years,” Mogil says.

      vs.

      The rodents are also less stressed out.

    12. Re:Also, this means... by dinfinity · · Score: 2

      Citric acid works even better. I can go for two to three days without reapplying my citric acid solution and have done so for the past three years.

      If you search online, you'll encounter all kinds of 'rub lemons under your armpits' and comparable tips. The more scientific approach is of course to just buy a kilo of crystallized citric acid for a few euro's and then mix it with water until you reach a pH-level slightly above 2.0 (buy some cheap indicator paper). Put it in a spray bottle and there you go.

      You won't smell like musk or chocolate or 'ice shock', or whatever the fuck you're supposed to smell like with commercial deodorants nowadays. You'll just smell like (the rest of) yourself.

      If nothing else, you can always use the bag of citric acid to make lemonade (add sugar and water) or as an easy seasoning agent (not surprisingly quite tasty on chicken and fish). It's also a fairly effective cleaning agent, removing oil and fats and also functions as a fabric softener (in the traditional sense of removing soap residues). Did I mention that it has a fungicidal effect (effective against athlete's foot, given diligent use)?

      Disclaimers:
      1. You need to find a pH-level that works and that does not irritate your skin (pH 3.0 will probably not kill all the bacteria and pH 1.0 will probably strip your skin). Whether you decide to go from a very low pH and move up or the other way around is a matter of whether you can afford to stink for a few days.
      2. Water droplets are not aerosols.
      3. The layer of dead skin cells (stratum corneum) is temporarily removed by the citric acid. This means that in the first few hours after applying the solution, your skin will be more sensitive. Under your armpits, that isn't really a problem, but it has been advised against to go sunbathing when having applied citric acid to the skin.

  2. Molecules shmolecules by chinton · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Maybe the male scientists need to shower more often...

    1. Re:Molecules shmolecules by budgenator · · Score: 2

      Your assuming that it's a smell that can be washed off, the implication of the article is the way to get rid of the smell is to cut off your testicles.

      Bedding material from unfamiliar male mice and guinea pigs, as well as pet beds slept in by unsterilized male cats and dogs, produced the same response:

      Might be interesting to test if females evoke an effect depending on where they are in their estrous cycle, seeing that it is more of a pheromonal thing than an odor thing.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    2. Re:Molecules shmolecules by wanax · · Score: 2

      There's a huge bias towards using exclusively male mice in many types of research, and the issue of higher variance in female rodent behavior (due to estrous cycle issues, among others) is well known (see eg: pdf).

      There are also related problems more generally with stress and over-training in neuroscience. Experienced investigators are able to produce a much less stressful working environment for animals, so they tend to get different results from neophyte investigators even when following the same protocol. This shows up a lot when a different lab tries to replicate the work of an experienced post-doc and gets null results for the first 6 months then suddenly is able to replicate everything. Thus often is attributed to 'correcting' the protocol (often with extensive communication with the previous lab) when often I think the change is attributable to the investigator in the replicating lab becoming experienced enough to relieve stress (I don't have a great link for this, mostly just an observation from having been around quite a few labs).

      Over-training is also a problem, since it often takes thousands (sometimes well into the hundreds of) to train animals in complex cognitive tasks, and it's well known from experiments in humans (and a few in non-human primate and rodent) that neural responses shift profoundly between 'trained' and 'over-trained' states, say between amateur and professional ballerinas watching videos of ballet.

      However, these issues are a much bigger problem in pre-clinical research than in basic research. Our understanding of the brain is sufficiently limited that the effects we're used to seeing in basic research questions swamp the potential modulation from gender, stress and training factors (unless you're talking about stress research specifically, but they're pretty careful about controlling for these types of effect). The issue with pre-clinical research is that often the difference between the current treatment and proposed treatment is only a few percent (note: if valid, this can mean thousands of lives saved or hugely improved), and so failing to identify and control for factors such as researcher or mouse gender can overwhelm the supposed primary result.

  3. Captain Obvoius by coinreturn · · Score: 5, Funny

    Women are intimidating and cause stress. Film at 11.

    1. Re:Captain Obvoius by king+neckbeard · · Score: 4, Funny

      I think you grossly underestimate how low the standards of many men actually are. The requirements are pretty much just a pulse, and even that has some wiggle room.

      --
      This is my signature. There are many like it, but this one is mine.
    2. Re:Captain Obvoius by budgenator · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sex in the dark is boring.

      Never thought I'd see sex and boring in the same sentence on slashdot.

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
    3. Re:Captain Obvoius by Nephandus · · Score: 2

      Misanthropy is a sport here. That's not what's sticking in your craw. Criticism of men get interesting, informative, even funny here. Replying negatively will even get you off-topic. It's criticism of women that always gets flamebait and usually troll, and, if the poster's male, the resident psychics always divine something wrong with him.

      No one in my life could ever read me. Besides, the women were openly the aggressors and clearly consciously gender-privileged, pulling all the misandrous tricks in the book in full public view. Were they afraid they'd not have done anything like what they did. They were physically threatening, even actually committing assault, yet playing victim the whole time. Not once in my life has anyone ever had a problem with their aggressions against me. Those that didn't awkwardly pretend it wasn't happening will back them in their unprovoked aggression, while implying my very presence justified it. You just proved no different. This isn't just prejudicial thought, but you're reducing even actions to nothing because I'm male. You wouldn't be making such excuses, if I were female. How dare you support such blatant sexism under then pretense of being the voice positivity.

      --
      "A soft answer turneth away wrath. Once wrath is looking the other way, shoot it in the head."
    4. Re:Captain Obvoius by Nephandus · · Score: 2

      You're blinded by your own prejudice. Seriously say, "A woman's face justifies her being assaulted, and she shouldn't care what a majority of bigots think or what out of their prejudice they even do to her." If you really think that about men, it shouldn't be a problem to post the same about women. Rather betting you wouldn't dare.

      --
      "A soft answer turneth away wrath. Once wrath is looking the other way, shoot it in the head."
  4. 36% less pain by kruach+aum · · Score: 4, Interesting

    What does a percent of lessened pain feel like? I can't even tell whether my throat hurts half as bad as it did yesterday or a fourth as bad, and that's from a first person perspective, the only perspective from which you actually have access to pain sensations.

    I should also note that I'm not a mouse.

    1. Re:36% less pain by Demonantis · · Score: 4, Informative

      Pain scales in a lab setting are fairly common and rigorous. They mostly use a physical response that can correlated to pain using a complex apparatus. Of course, it is all extremely finicky which is why it took so long for this influencing factor to be detected.

    2. Re:36% less pain by kruach+aum · · Score: 3, Informative

      When someone is cut who is merely paralyzed, yes, stress levels can increase, and this is then taken by the anaesthesiologist as a sign of consciousness. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A...

    3. Re:36% less pain by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      I have a dog with _terrible_ gas. When she sleeps in the bedroom I sometimes dream I'm trapped in a sewage treatment plant.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    4. Re:36% less pain by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      Punchline: Heineken makes my pussy hurt.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    5. Re:36% less pain by budgenator · · Score: 2

      I usually say "if 10 is the worst pain I've ever felt, you better be getting out the narcotics at 4 because I've been on fire and peeled like a banana in hydro-therapy!"

      --
      Apocalypse Cancelled, Sorry, No Ticket Refunds
  5. Depends on the male? by drainbramage · · Score: 2

    How do those little rodents feel when Richard Gere walks into the room?
    Remember what the brown gerbil said to the white gerbil?
    "You're new around here, aren't you."

    --
    No brain, no pain.
  6. Re:Written by a Woman? by Zironic · · Score: 4, Interesting

    They controlled against no person present which had the same effect as female which means that it was the male odor that was the cause.

    They also tested with scents from various male and female animals and the male scents still had the same effect.

  7. Why Male? by alta · · Score: 2

    Maybe the males are all neutral and the women are just nagging the animals to perform and causing too much stress!?

    --
    Do not meddle in the affairs of sysadmins, for they are subtle, and quick to anger.
    1. Re:Why Male? by camperdave · · Score: 4, Funny

      I suspect that the animals *expect* to be tortured when males are around, so they steel themselves against it and thus feel pain less. However, when females are administering the pain, it is unexpected, and thus more intense.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    2. Re:Why Male? by alta · · Score: 4, Funny

      As a married man, I agree.

      --
      Do not meddle in the affairs of sysadmins, for they are subtle, and quick to anger.
  8. Re:Written by a Woman? by jcochran · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Did you bother to actually read the article?

    The results were quite simple. No odor, or just female odor = 1 result. Male odor = another result.

    Simple logic would then equate female odor = no effect (simply because the female odor had the same effect as no odor at all).
    So therefore, the male odor was causing a change in the results of the experiment.

  9. Actually MORE stressed. by WoOS · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The summary writes:
    The rodents are also less stressed out.

    The article writes:
    The male aroma ramped up their stress levels, which deadened the hurt.

    Was this the daily "Find the inconsistency" test on slashdot? Did I win something?

    1. Re:Actually MORE stressed. by DMUTPeregrine · · Score: 5, Funny

      Congratulations! You win another year of editors who don't edit!

      --
      Not a sentence!
    2. Re:Actually MORE stressed. by petes_PoV · · Score: 2

      another year of editors who don't edit

      Well, that'll go nicely with another year of commentators who don't read the articles (and sometimes don't even get all the way through the headline).

      --
      politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
  10. Re:Showing pain, not feeling pain by Shadow+of+Eternity · · Score: 5, Informative

    "Further testing showed that the rodents exposed to male odors were actually feeling less pain, rather than simply hiding the pain they were in. The male aroma ramped up their stress levels, which deadened the hurt. “It’s really astounding that such a robust effect could have been missed for so many years,” Mogil says."

    RTFA.

    --
    A bullet may have your name on it but splash damage is addressed "To whom it may concern."
  11. Re:Showing pain, not feeling pain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Further testing showed that the rodents exposed to male odors were actually feeling less pain, rather than simply hiding the pain they were in.

    The article then continues to support your reason for less pain response. That the potential presence of a lone male predator is a threat and it is not safe spending excess time responding to minor injuries.
    Also, the line right after the above quote indicates that the summary has it backward (as surprise to no one) about the part of test-rats getting stressed.

    The male aroma ramped up their stress levels, which deadened the hurt.

    This also indicates that lions figured out how to cheat the system.
    Male: "Every one of those tasty herbivores gets so flighty when I get close."
    Female: "Well, you're also scaring off the hyenas and other critters we don't want near the cubs. You stay here and act scary, I'll go get some dinner."

  12. Re:Written by a Woman? by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 4, Interesting
    The most interesting thing in the experiment was that male odor + female odor cancelled out the male odor effect.

    Apparently (as stated in TFA), UNACCOMPANIED male odor caused the mice to not be willing to show pain, but a strange male in company with a strange female didn't cause the mice to go all macho all of a sudden.

    So, I wonder if male mice with female mice will show different effects than male mice alone?

    --

    "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
  13. Now it starts! Ob: H2G2 by FreshnFurter · · Score: 2

    "These creatures you call mice, you see, they are not quite as they appear. They are merely the protrusion into our dimension of vastly hyperintelligent pandimensional beings."

    Do YOU feel manipulated?

    Signed: A male (smelly) scientist

  14. Quantifying pain in mice by volvox_voxel · · Score: 5, Informative

    "The Rat Grimace Scale: A partially automated method for quantifying pain in the laboratory rat via facial expressions" http://www.molecularpain.com/c...

    Here is another paper where the researches used a patch clamp to interface the spinal cord. (A patch clamp is a very low noise/high gain amplifier that can measure single cell ion channels, etc -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P...)

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pu...

    I wonder what methods are typically used? Do researchers videorecord grimacing rats? That seems rather tedious and subjective.

  15. Only compromised if you're doing bad science by interkin3tic · · Score: 2

    This may be affecting experiments, but if you're designing your experiments correctly, it won't change your results. The "male in the room" effect should affect all animals the same.

    You have a control set and a variable set of mice. The animal handlers should be the same for both, and they shouldn't know if at all possible which is which. Males on the staff will stress out the mice, okay, but they'll stress out both control and variable mice the same. Having a female undergrad handle the control cages and a male undergrad handle the variable mice you're using to try to prove your drug makes them hurt less is going to skew your results independent of gender scents.

    1. Re:Only compromised if you're doing bad science by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No, if I try to reproduce your study, but your lab had a male animal handler and mine didn't, I may get different results.
      "Presence of male human" was not previously thought to be something that had to be controlled for.

  16. Laugh by koan · · Score: 2

    Is this why females are more irritating in general?

    --
    "If any question why we died, Tell them because our fathers lied."
  17. Re:interesting how so many by Jeremiah+Cornelius · · Score: 4, Funny

    The labs have to stop using gay rats.

    --
    "Flyin' in just a sweet place,
    Never been known to fail..."
  18. Re:Written by a Woman? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Bzzt. Oh, so sorry. The correct response was "Wow, I was a total dumbass for not reading the article. My idiotic knee-jerk rejection of this study based on the first stupid thought to cross my mind was completely wrong. I apologize for being a know-nothing smart-ass and promise not to do it again." Better luck next time!

  19. Quantum Uncertainty by DarthVain · · Score: 4, Funny

    Rats react to women the same as if their was no observer?
    Maybe we should she if women can observe things without changing states!

    This would explain a lot of male confusion when women say two diametrically opposed things in the same sentence... They can just observe more quantum states than we can and can't understand why we cannot. :)

    1. Re:Quantum Uncertainty by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      So the preservation of quantum state by a female observer also extends to a male observer if a female is present

      I got lost when you said the female removed her shirt.

    2. Re:Quantum Uncertainty by epyT-R · · Score: 2

      These days, her opinion prevails mainly because of the implied threat of her leaving and taking all his life's earning with her, hangs over his head. We have the ivy league left-wing indoctrinated feminist judges to thank for that (both male and female). For Great (Social) Justice.

  20. Easy explaination by PPH · · Score: 2

    It's the drill instructor or coach attitude that they pick up.

    "Come on, mouse! Play through the pain! Gimme twenty more pushups!"

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  21. Re:hiring policies - by denzacar · · Score: 2

    About as much as requiring that all veterinarians and their staff are male - cause we are basically walking painkiller for mammals.
    Which includes humans, so just on the off chance that it does work...

    But don't worry... From TFA:
    "Placing a womanâ(TM)s T-shirt next to a manâ(TM)s T-shirt negated the impact."

    Aaaand it just occurred to me that the negating effect of female smells is NOT the argument against "all male" animal or human clinics and hiring policies.
    Damn. Hope that does not become a trend.

    Is foregoing feeling 36% less pain really that big of price to pay to have sexy nurses and doctors?
    And by sexy I mean women.

    Not being sexist. Just being human male, hetero and honest.

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
  22. looool by slashmydots · · Score: 2

    "The rodents are also less stressed out"
    And so are the male scientists, depending on what time of the month it is.

  23. Tests on men affected by the presence of a woman by FrodoOfTheShire · · Score: 2

    I know that when I have tests performed on me, the hotter the woman the more I'm affected. Now excuse me while I hunch forward while the hot nurse takes my blood.

  24. Re:interesting how so many by Tuidjy · · Score: 4, Informative

    Your comprehension of this article seems to be very different from mine.

    The smell of males seems to make other mammals feel endangered, and in this state, they feel less pain. This is similar to how people under great stress (for other reasons than being in the presence of He-man) will ignore the pain from even serious injuries.

    Now, if your goal is to make sure people around you are less bothered by pain, sure, share your smell with everyone. But if you would like to keep stress levels around you down, you should suppress your smell. It all depends on what your goal is.

    As for those who 'cannot handle that information', you'd be surprised how often people confused those who cannot handle something, with those who are actually thinking over what they just learned, and considering the implications. There are times where inaction is worse than the the worst action. In the modern world, such situations are few and far between.

    --
    No good deed goes unpunished...