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3D Printed Gun Maker Cody Wilson Defends Open Source Freedom

Lucas123 (935744) writes "Cody Wilson, the 26-year-old former law school student who published plans for printing 3D guns online, disputed claims by universities and government agencies that his thermoplastic gun design is unsafe. Wilson claims the agencies that tested the guns did not build them to spec. In a Q&A with Computerworld, he also addressed why he's continuing to press regulatory agencies to allow him to offer the plans again for upload after being ordered to take them down, saying it's less about the Second Amendment and more about the implications of open source and the digital age. "If you want to talk about rights, what does it mean to respect a civil liberty or civil right? Well, it means you understand there are social costs in having that right; that's why it deserves protection in the first place," he said. Wilson is also planning to release other gun-related project, though not necessarily a CAD design."

216 of 354 comments (clear)

  1. Who Cares? by sycodon · · Score: 4, Insightful

    A first gen product using revolutionary technology and people are whining about it being unsafe? It's like complaining that the Model T didn't have airbags.

    I think they are missing the point entirely. 3D printing will only become more sophisticated, using stronger materials and will be faster. People will be able to manufacture devices that are currently controlled or are so specialized that it hasn't occurred to the Feds to control them.

    This is not about a plastic guns, this is about a paradigm shift that is no less momentous than VHS and later MP3s.

    --
    When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    1. Re:Who Cares? by Threni · · Score: 2

      > This is not about a plastic guns, this is about a paradigm shift that is no less
      > momentous than VHS and later MP3s.

      No, it's about guns. Nobody's talking about other 3d printed objects yet.

    2. Re:Who Cares? by iggymanz · · Score: 3, Insightful

      logic fails you. It is already legal to make yourself a gun with traditional material by traditional means. Illegal gun manufacture not a relevant issue. Name one massacre (or murder in the past year, for that matter) done with a homemade gun. All gun killers, for all intents and purposes, use a factory made weapon.

    3. Re:Who Cares? by oh_my_080980980 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Which has nothing to do with using a 3-D printer to make a gun. No one is outlawing the use of a 3-D printer. However, they are restricting the use of a 3-D printer to make guns. Thanks for missing the point.

    4. Re:Who Cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Are you looking forward to more Newtowns, Auroras, and Columbines? We need to outlaw 3D printing until they can be made with safeguards to protect against illegal gun manufacture.

      How many overbearing, know-what's-best-for-everyone gun-grabbers who want to "outlaw guns" (or in this case 3D printing...) turn right around and mock the 'War on Drugs" because it doesn't fucking work?

      A "War on Guns" isn't going to work, either. Just ask the hundreds of people murdered with guns every year in "gun free" zones.

      Next, let's ban knives

    5. Re:Who Cares? by MBGMorden · · Score: 4, Informative

      As an aside: what's with Americans and their guns? Sheesh, people, grow up. You don't need a plastic-or-metal penis to be a real man

      Your mistake is that thinking guns have anything to do with a penis or being a "real man". Seriously how often do you think people sit around thinking about the size of their dick?

      People like guns because they happen to like guns. Some people like golf, basketball, big trucks, or a whole host of other stuff without worrying about their mainhood.

      I swear we need to define a new logical fallacy revolving around this.

      --
      "People who think they know everything are very annoying to those of us who do."-Mark Twain
    6. Re:Who Cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I can legally use tools in my home metal shop to make a firearm. Why should this be different?

    7. Re:Who Cares? by sycodon · · Score: 1

      I'm sure the same was said of video tape machines that were as large as a small car...no potential to become a very important technology.

      --
      When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    8. Re:Who Cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      It's interesting to note that many of those things "NOT designed for killing" result in far more deaths than guns.

    9. Re:Who Cares? by kuhnto · · Score: 1

      This then brings up the important question, how do you "...Restrict the use of a a 3D printer to make guns.."? Is it at the hardware level, with some analysis engine used to determine if the shape matches some predetermined "firearm" pattern? Is it in the 3D CAD software that flags weapon like designs? or does it get so bad that the purchase of any 3D printer (CNC machine, mill, lathe, drill press, sander, dremel, will also eventually fall into this category) will require the purchaser to jump through hoops similar to steps needed to purchase class 3 firearms? Afterward, the operator will have to be licensed to operate the machine and personally verify the design being generated.

      --
      "A 'person' is smart. 'People' are dumb, panicky animals and you know that."
    10. Re:Who Cares? by gfxguy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And the fact of the matter is that I don't even own a gun, nor do I particularly want one, but I fully support gun rights (so the logical fallacy is proven a fallacy in one simple case). I support gun rights because I support freedom, and freedom comes with some costs. In many of the countries with people with attitudes like this, they don't even have the right to free speech.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    11. Re:Who Cares? by RevDisk · · Score: 2

      Laser sintering, arguably a form of 3D printing, is used to make firearm components. Yes, likely used by hunters, soldiers, police officers or hobbyists. Firearm assemblers source out all the components (with specifications). Some firearm manufacturers do advertise their components (high end custom weapons), others do not (everything not high end or custom). Same with cars.

    12. Re:Who Cares? by compro01 · · Score: 1

      turn right around and mock the 'War on Drugs" because it doesn't fucking work?

      Last time I checked, you can't make a gun just by planting some seeds and watering them.

      --
      upon the advice of my lawyer, i have no sig at this time
    13. Re:Who Cares? by RevDisk · · Score: 2

      Of all the women I know well, about 60% own and/or carry firearms. Believing that only men are attached to their firearms says more about your mentality than it does anything else.

    14. Re:Who Cares? by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 2

      You can't make crystal meth that way either. Or heroine, or cocaine, or LSD, or those new bath salts that apparently make people strip naked and then eat other people.

      Also, some places do ban weapons that are little more than tree branches, and you do get those by planting trees.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    15. Re:Who Cares? by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Lets move the goalposts a little bit.

      Should DNA sequencers contain hashes of the DNA of virulent organisms so they can call the NSA/CIA/SAS/UN/boy scouts when they are being used for possible bioweapon related work? (Hopefully they don't rain hellfires on the CDC.)

      Should CNC mills pop up 'It appears you are milling a rifle receiver...' whenever some pattern recognition software sees what it thinks is a rifle part.

      These are both real world things, at least theoretically do-able today. I'd go with yes to the first, no to the second. Just on technical and risk management grounds. Then again, I know nothing about constructing hashes on DNA sequences, but assume a group of people has made it their lives and published. I also assume their is a 'database' (hopefully not MySQL/Access/Excel) full of 'DNA sequences that could kill us all' at the CDC.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    16. Re:Who Cares? by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 2, Insightful

      By my reading of the 2nd Amendment, there are no illegal gun shops in the US. Making one illegal would violate the phrase "shall not be infringed".

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    17. Re:Who Cares? by fustakrakich · · Score: 2

      However, they are restricting the use of a 3-D printer to make guns.

      Nobody has any right to restrict how I use my printer, whether it's guns or even counterfeit money. You have to wait until I use either to commit a crime. Prior restraint is evil. Here's hoping the tech will make enforcement impossible. We should be controlling the authorities, not the other way around.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    18. Re:Who Cares? by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 2

      What is the "big difference". Ease? That is not a big difference. ALL technology makes something "easier", that is the point of it. At some point, you either become a Luddite or you realize that you can't stop progress.

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
    19. Re:Who Cares? by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      People like guns because they happen to like guns. Some people like golf, basketball, big trucks, or a whole host of other stuff without worrying about their mainhood.

      Just a lot of Americans happen to like guns - it's about 1 gun per person in the US. In many other countries, it's far lower - in Canada, it's about 1 gun per 3 people (there is approximately 1/30th the number of guns in Canada, despite being approximately 1/10th the population of the US).

      Of course, the gun-violence rate is also about 1/30th that of the US, just there are a lot less guns in Canada than in the US so the per-capita rate is lower, too.

      So it's a lot more complex than "people love guns".

      The real talk is not those who love guns, but to figure out a way to keep guns from those who have nefarious purposes, because THOSE are the ones giving the law-abiding gun owners (and even the gun nuts) a bad name when they shoot up a school or the general public.

      (And yes, in Canada we have our own share of gun crazies, a cyclist was shot while riding along a major highway in a rural area.). Funny enough, no one really talks about controlling guns every time it happens since we have somewhat sane gun laws. It's usually about how a failure in the system ended up giving guns to the wrong person. Go figure.

    20. Re:Who Cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Does anybody here on /. believe that women are not attached to their bazookas?

    21. Re:Who Cares? by Immerman · · Score: 2

      DNA hashes on the organism level would be almost useless unless you were only guarding against casual creation of dangerous pathogens - change a few base pairs and the hash no longer matches, while making no substantial changes to the organism - there's far more variation than that just within the species (and species is a poorly-defined concept for virii and bacteria to begin with). At best you could match certain characteristic sub-sequence "fingerprints", but as we come to understand just how robust DNA is to certain kinds of transposition it'd likely be trivial to obfuscate the organisms DNA to anything short of a complete transcription to some sort of canonical form.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    22. Re:Who Cares? by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Now that would depend rather seriously on your interpretation of the phrase, wouldn't it? In many cultures "being a pussy" is used as roughly synonymous with "being a pushover", aka someone who is unable or unwilling to defend themselves and/or their ideals, which absolutely *is* something many/most governments want of their populations. The use of misogynistic language may conflate the willingness to resort to violence for defense with masculinity, but that's a red herring.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    23. Re:Who Cares? by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 1

      Is gun, Comrade. Is not safe.

    24. Re:Who Cares? by meerling · · Score: 2

      The 3d printed guns are crap. Not as bad as that new video shows, and that may very well be because they screwed it up intentionally to dissuade people from experimenting with them. However, they do work, at least for a few shots. Of course, it's too expensive, and takes too long. It's cheaper and faster to build a satuday night special if you've got a few tools, or buy one from the black market or a gun show. Of course, getting one legally is easy for most people, and again, cheaper than printing one, and you don't even need to own a 3d printer.

      Nobody is going to be able to create a massacre with a printed gun, they just aren't up to the task for a variety of reasons. It's also pretty unlikely that anyone is going to be murdered with one either. An accidental death, sure, but intentionally snuffing someone, not any time soon.

      By the way, there are no 'safeguards' that can 'protect against illegal gun manufacture' that can be employed without being either totally ineffective, or cripple the printing of standard items making it useless for 3d printing.

    25. Re:Who Cares? by Lord+Kano · · Score: 2

      I have an impressive flesh and blood penis.

      My guns serve a different purpose.

      LK

      --
      "Hi. This is my friend, Jack Shit, and you don't know him." - Lord Kano
    26. Re:Who Cares? by meerling · · Score: 1

      Maybe something like, "Most people aren't thinking about penises all the time, what does your therapist say your condition is called again?" :D

    27. Re:Who Cares? by westlake · · Score: 1

      A first gen product using revolutionary technology and people are whining about it being unsafe? It's like complaining that the Model T didn't have airbags.

      In concept and engineering the Ford Model T was without a doubt a more mature and sophisticated invention, more practical and more trustworthy, than your 3D printed plastic gun.

      Henry Ford said of the vehicle:

      ''I will build a car for the great multitude. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for the individual to run and care for. It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise. But it will be so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one --- and enjoy with his family the blessing of hours of pleasure in God's great open spaces.''

      The Model T was (intentionally) almost as much a tractor and portable engine as it was an automobile. It has always been well regarded for its all-terrain abilities and ruggedness. It could travel a rocky, muddy farm lane, ford a shallow stream, climb a steep hill, and be parked on the other side to have one of its wheels removed and a pulley fastened to the hub for a flat belt to drive a bucksaw, thresher, silo blower, conveyor for filling corn cribs or haylofts, baler, water pump (for wells, mines, or swampy farm fields), electrical generator, and countless other applications. One unique application of the Model T was shown in the October 1922 issue of Fordson Farmer magazine. It showed a minister who had transformed his Model T into a mobile church, complete with small organ.

      Standard Oil built its monopoly on the simple premise that when your wife touched a match to the wick of a kerosene lantern you should not be widowed in an explosion.

      The Edison Labs invented the first commercially viable incandescent lamps that could be wired in parallel --- and went on to devise wiring standards, switches, fuses and so on, so that electric appliances could be safely used in homes, shops, offices and so on.

      Stupid. dangerous, meaningless, stunts do not drive innovation. They set it back.

    28. Re:Who Cares? by maroberts · · Score: 2

      Nobody is going to be able to create a massacre with a printed gun, they just aren't up to the task for a variety of reasons. It's also pretty unlikely that anyone is going to be murdered with one either. An accidental death, sure, but intentionally snuffing someone, not any time soon.

      Why not for intentionally snuffing someone? As a murder weapon, a plastic gun has a lot of benefits - you can simply melt the gun after the event and therefore eliminate a major source of forensic evidence.

      --

      Donte Alistair Anderson Roberts - hi son!
      Karma: Chameleon

    29. Re:Who Cares? by flyingsquid · · Score: 1

      Yes, and people have the right to you know, not get shot in the face. The right not to have their children slaughtered in school shootings. The right not to worry about getting shot if they wander into certain parts of town. The right not to get shot by a gun trumps the right to own a gun.

      The freedom argument is bullshit. In what way are Canada, the UK or Australia less free than the U.S.? In terms of political freedom they are as free or freer than the U.S. pretty much any way you care to look at it. And in what way is Somalia- a country where you can carry anything you want- a free country? Try wandering into one of the rougher areas of Chicago or DC and see how "free" you feel when you're worried that someone might shoot you. You don't have that kind of thing in Canada or the UK. Sure, there are rough places in every country where you might want to watch yourself at the bar, but it's not the same as worrying that someone could actually pull a gun on you.

    30. Re:Who Cares? by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      The problem is there is a conflict in peoples political agendas.

      People who want freedom of information are also the same people who want's guns restricted.

      Being that we are getting to a point where guns are made and duplicated by the free sharing of information, causes people to prioritize their political stance.

      Is information freedom more important even if it leads to dangerous weapons being made. Or is public safety more important and we need to further restrict or freedom of information.

      When ever you give someone a tool, they can use the tool to do good or to do bad.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    31. Re:Who Cares? by RDW · · Score: 1

      Should DNA sequencers contain hashes of the DNA of virulent organisms so they can call the NSA/CIA/SAS/UN/boy scouts when they are being used for possible bioweapon related work? (Hopefully they don't rain hellfires on the CDC.)

      Some people have indeed suggested that both DNA synthesizers (which write the sequence) and DNA sequencers (which read it) should have such safeguards:

      http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pu...

      At least some companies that synthesize custom DNA commercially already have pathogen sequence screening in place, but this doesn't seem to be universal or necessarily effective. A few years ago The Guardian had a (small, defective) fragment of the smallpox virus genome synthesized without setting off any alarms, and wrote a rather hyped-up article about it:

      http://www.nature.com/news/200...

      Practically, this sort of thing is always going to be hard to police, much like the situation with 3D weapon printing - e.g., a terrorist could always use older technology that lacks the safeguards. On the other hand, assembling a dangerous microorganism from the genome up is hardly the most cost-effective way of causing mayhem - you'd need a proper, well-equipped lab and a terrorist cell of trained scientists to carry out your evil schemes.

    32. Re:Who Cares? by MBGMorden · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I've never seen a successful argument involves "the right to *not* . . .". You have the right to something. The right to "not" is just used as a contrived way to deprive others of rights.

      IE, "I have the right to not see gays kissing in the street.". "I have the right to not see a black man with a white woman.".

      As soon as you have to frame your argument around "the right to not", you've already lost.

      --
      "People who think they know everything are very annoying to those of us who do."-Mark Twain
    33. Re:Who Cares? by flyingsquid · · Score: 1

      A 3D printer-made weapon IS a factory-made weapon. The 3D printer is the factory! There is a big difference between cobbling together a current homemade weapon, and simply pushing a button that says "print my gun".

      It doesn't matter what you call it, the issue is that the manufacturing quality isn't up to the demanding requirements of a mass-murderer. If you want to slaughter a schoolroom full of kindergartners, you want to be sure your gun doesn't jam; you want something manufactured by a gun manufacturer, not some cheap plastic trinket squirted out of your Makerbot. Maybe someday the quality will be there. Right now you may be able to print something out that will kill people, but it's not a particularly reliable or effective killing machine. But we can dare to dream. After all, as the NRA tells us, the only answer to a bad guy with a gun is a good guy with a gun. Once everyone can print out their own fully functional, fully automatic M-16, I imagine that we'll enter a new era of peace and safety.

      Which isn't to say that 3D printed guns couldn't have a niche in the near future. They would be perfect as untraceable weapons for one-off murders. Print the gun, walk up and shoot the guy in the back of the head, melt the gun down. Disposable handguns.

    34. Re:Who Cares? by sycodon · · Score: 1

      You and most others completely miss the point. Regardless of the deficiencies of current 3D printers they will only get better and be able to produce stronger and more sophisticated items.

      Things that are illegal to manufacture or own now will be child's play to print and no one will be able to guess you did it. No paper trails, no pictures of you at some counter buying parts to assemble into an illegal item, etc.

      Want some money? You don't have to be a skilled engraver, just print up some plates and go to town. Don't have a printing press? No problem, 3D print the parts and put it together.

      How about something to put drugs into pill capsules. Did you know it's illegal for you to own such a device. ? No problem, just print out the parts and bolt'm together.

      Printed guns are a side show.

      --
      When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    35. Re:Who Cares? by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      "factory" in context refers to a business owned manufacturing facility, not a home printer. Making a gun at home is legal, the means doesn't matter.

    36. Re:Who Cares? by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      have an example of a laser sintered firearm component? machining or stamping is so much faster and cheaper.

    37. Re:Who Cares? by fuzznutz · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The problem is there is a conflict in peoples political agendas.

      I would simplify it further. The problem is hypocrisy. Everybody wants freedom for things they enjoy and wants to restrict others' freedom for things they dislike. The irony of it is that those whose political leanings are more to the left... shall we say, claim to want freedom, egalitarianism and tolerance, yet are lightning quick to form lines to restrict anything that violates their sensibilities.

      These days, everyone, left and right, wants to go crying to mommy when someone does something they don't like. Nobody wants to mind their own business and thinks they always know best.

    38. Re:Who Cares? by BitterOak · · Score: 1

      Seriously how often do you think people sit around thinking about the size of their dick?

      Quite frequently, if they're anything like me. For me it goes something like this: if I've been looking in the mirror on a cold, winter day, I'm usually kind of depressed, cause I wish it were bigger. But if it's a particularly warm day, or if I just got out of a hot shower, I think "AWESOME. That looks great!" and I can't wait to head for the nude beach. I imagine most guys have similar thoughts even if not as frequently as I do. But it has nothing to do with guns, so I guess I agree with your basic point.

      I swear we need to define a new logical fallacy revolving around this.

      I guess it would be called a "phallacy".

      --
      If I can be modded down for being a troll, can I be modded up for being an orc, or a balrog?
    39. Re:Who Cares? by Ravaldy · · Score: 1

      Yes, a form of 3D printing not readily available to most people hence the lack of programs to make the parts.

    40. Re:Who Cares? by mark_reh · · Score: 2

      What a ridiculous argument. Next you'll tell me that the reason gun nutz aren't all using BB guns to poke holes in targets is because they want to make bigger holes.
      Handguns are specifically designed to be used to kill people, that's why the bullets are the size they are and they contain as much powder in the shell as they do. Oh yes, they can also poke holes in paper targets, but that is NOT the primary intent of the designers and manufacturers of most hand guns.

    41. Re:Who Cares? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Practice usage doesn't change the purpose. Only two little fission bombs have ever been used in war, but shitloads have been tested. And no thermonuclear bombs ever have ever been used in war, even once. Ergo: nuclear warheads aren't weapons?

    42. Re:Who Cares? by laird · · Score: 1

      Laws apply even if you do things in your own home. And there are restructions on guns, as there have been for pretty much the entire history of the US. For example, it's illegal to make guns that are illegal for the general population to have (e.g. it's typically illegal to make a home machine gun). And it's illegal for you to make a firearm in your home (or sell one, or possess one) that can't be detected by a metal detector. Plastic or ceramic guns are illegal, and it doesn't matter how you make them.

    43. Re:Who Cares? by RevDisk · · Score: 1

      Nope, just a demo piece. Heck if I know. I only know of using laser sintered parts in aircraft rotors. I'm not a firearms manufacturing material specialist. I can whistle the tune for aerospace, however.

      http://www.solidconcepts.com/n...

    44. Re:Who Cares? by Algae_94 · · Score: 2

      Well, technically it's the right to "bear" arms, not the right to "buy" arms. So regulating sales isn't against the 2nd amendment.

    45. Re:Who Cares? by MillerHighLife21 · · Score: 1

      Actually, they're only made for killing if you pull the trigger. From a standpoint of self defense, the threat of deadly force is the deterrent. The entire basis of guns for self defense is to make an attacker/burglar decide whether whatever they are about to do is worth dying for. That's a significantly higher risk factor that presented by alternative weapons for self defense and that's the entire point. Contrary to popular belief, people don't buy guns with the intention of shooting other people.

      300,000,000 guns in circulation in the US proves that point. If people bought guns with the intent of killing, we'd all be dead. Instead non-lethal gun ownership accounts for 99.9999% of them and 99.99% is statistically perfect.

      --
      "Don't teach a man to fish, feed yourself. He's a grown man. Fishing's not that hard." - Ron Swanson
    46. Re:Who Cares? by beschra · · Score: 1

      I'm just cavilling. There are quite a number of handguns and rifles that are designed specifically for competitive target shooting, not killling. Could they be used to kill? Of course, but that wasn't the designer's goal.

      --
      It is unwise to ascribe motive
    47. Re:Who Cares? by internerdj · · Score: 1

      Why does my right not to be shot in the face trump my right not to be beaten to death by an overwhelming group or physical specimen or not to be stabbed to death by a guy in a dark parking lot or tied down and beaten to death in my home?

    48. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Which isn't to say that 3D printed guns couldn't have a niche in the near future. They would be perfect as untraceable weapons for one-off murders. Print the gun, walk up and shoot the guy in the back of the head, melt the gun down. Disposable handguns.

      That's not the niche that scares the living shit out of the oligarchs - heck, it's already filled by the infamous "Saturday Night Special."

      No, the Powers, who live their entire lives behind bullet-proof glass and metal detectors, have a whole different reason to fear guns that cannot be detected by metal detectors...

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    49. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 2

      Next you'll tell me that the reason gun nutz aren't all using BB guns to poke holes in targets is because they want to make bigger holes.

      Well, yea. That's also why stuff like Tannerite has become so popular (Tannerite is a brand of low-impact explosive used for target shooting, in case you didn't know).

      PS If you want to be taken seriously, please do refrain from using ad hominems such as "gun nutz" in the future, as opening your argument with pejoratives only serves to indicate a lack of both intellect and willingness to succumb to reason.

      (drops mic, walks off stage)

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    50. Re:Who Cares? by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 2

      No sane reason other than their own words at the time.

      Also, as has been pointed out repeatedly, why is this the one Constitutionally protected right that you think only applies to groups and not individuals?

      Is freedom of the press only for certified reporters working for incorporated news companies? Are only lawyers secure in their papers, because the rest of the citizenry doesn't have good reason to keep papers secret?

      Your argument fails so many logic tests it is a surprise it keeps getting posted. But you guys are persistent when you don't like something that someone else is doing.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    51. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Making a firearm in a metal shop requires more skills, tools and time. If anybody can buy a 3d printer, download the model and press print, then it's totally different.

      So, what you're saying is that a right is only a right if it's hard to do? That's fucking idiotic.

      That's like saying that people should only be allowed free speech if they fill out a government form, in quadruplicate, after flying a home-built rocket to the moon.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    52. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      The problem is there is a conflict in peoples political agendas.

      I would simplify it further. The problem is hypocrisy. Everybody wants freedom for things they enjoy and wants to restrict others' freedom for things they dislike. The irony of it is that those whose political leanings are more to the left... shall we say, claim to want freedom, egalitarianism and tolerance, yet are lightning quick to form lines to restrict anything that violates their sensibilities.

      These days, everyone, left and right, wants to go crying to mommy when someone does something they don't like. Nobody wants to mind their own business and thinks they always know best.

      Fuckin' A. Couldn't have said it better myself.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    53. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Yes, and people have the right to you know, not get shot in the face.

      Under normal circumstances, yes - here in 'Murica our founders called that the Right to Life.

      However, this is not a universal truth - what if the person being shot in the face happens to be engaged in the act of, say, raping a child, would you still argue that they (the child-rapist) still maintains a right to not be shot in the face? Because I would vehemently disagree with that, although if you feel otherwise then that may be the result of a cultural difference between we 'Muricans and you Canucks.

      Try wandering into one of the rougher areas of Chicago or DC and see how "free" you feel when you're worried that someone might shoot you.

      You mean the same Chicago which has some of the strictest anti-gun laws in the country? That's probably not the best example to use when positing a pro-disarmament position, considering.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    54. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Why does my right not to be shot in the face trump my right not to be beaten to death by an overwhelming group or physical specimen or not to be stabbed to death by a guy in a dark parking lot or tied down and beaten to death in my home?

      Or rather, why does a rapists right to not be shot trump my wife's right to not be raped?

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    55. Re:Who Cares? by internerdj · · Score: 1

      While we generally equate or elevate rape above death, I was going for an apples to apples comparison. But yeah. Wives, elderly, infirm. Rape. Assault....

    56. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 2

      No, its because we want much more accuracy than a BB gun will give us and want to practice shooting at distances much farther than a BB gun will shoot its BB. Just in case you can't figure out why shooting 100-600 yds is different than shooting 20 feet, use your imagination and think about angles and trigonometry.

    57. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      Oh Hollywood....

    58. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 2

      "There is no sane reason to believe the founding fathers intended everyone to be allowed carry a gun just for the heck of it."

      Well, if you would actually bother to read what the founding fathers had to say about the matter, then, yes, there is a perfectly sane reason for believing exactly that.

      And the definition of militia as given by the founding fathers is basically every able-bodied adult male. Modern society (women's rights and all) should expand that into every able-bodied adult. You most certainly are not very well read in this area.

    59. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      But many more constitutional lawyers will tell you that the second amendment conveys an individual right that has very few limitations than will tell you otherwise. The historical record is very plain about all this and one need not be a constitutional lawyer to read the constitution, the federalist papers, the anti-federalist papers and other sources to be informed about what the founding fathers thought about gun ownership and to examine all the different places that they used "people" (in its various forms) in the constitution to recognize that "people" means individuals. Or are you under the impression that only together do we have the right to not incriminate ourselves but once isolated as an individual on the witness stand you have lost that right?

    60. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 2

      If the regulation of sales infringes upon the keeping and bearing, then it would be an infringement, wouldn't it?

      For one supposedly so knowledgeable about this, why did you leave out the part about keeping? Kind of hard to keep or bear what you are not allowed to buy. The same argument has been used to heavily regulate the sale of ammunition but we all know that "bearing" a firearm is having the ability to use the firearm not just carry it around (the courts have even agreed) so not regulating ammunition is the same as regulating firearms themselves.

    61. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      You pointed out that they are less free to go out and practice some fine motor control skills in the same way that I am.

    62. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      Seriously. I have 2 shotguns, 2 3 rifles and 3 handguns. A couple are 60 - 100 years old and none have ever misfired or been dangerous to anything other than animals.

      You should buy better quality guns or take better care of them if yours are unsafe.

    63. Re:Who Cares? by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      The NRA owns no patents or designs for any gun or related technology. They exist mainly to represent me to various governments.

    64. Re:Who Cares? by gmhowell · · Score: 1

      Is gun, Comrade. Is not safe.

      Is Mosin-Nagant. If run out of ammo, use as club.

      --
      Jesus was all right but his disciples were thick and ordinary. -John Lennon
    65. Re:Who Cares? by Stuarticus · · Score: 1

      Try using your printer to print some money

      --
      If you think someone isn't free to have a different definition of "freedom" you may be a tyrant.
    66. Re:Who Cares? by Stuarticus · · Score: 1

      There's a difference between a tool and a weapon.

      --
      If you think someone isn't free to have a different definition of "freedom" you may be a tyrant.
    67. Re:Who Cares? by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

      I can print all the money I want. I just better not try to spend it. What I print is nobody's business.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    68. Re:Who Cares? by Stuarticus · · Score: 1
      --
      If you think someone isn't free to have a different definition of "freedom" you may be a tyrant.
    69. Re:Who Cares? by pedrop357 · · Score: 1

      That's like saying you have a right to an abortion, but not the right to pay someone to perform it.

    70. Re:Who Cares? by Svartalf · · Score: 1

      It shouldn't. But oh noes...we have to ban it because it made it "easy" and it's this 3D thingy we completely don't understand at all...

      --
      I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
    71. Re:Who Cares? by Svartalf · · Score: 1

      Your reading is flawed. Hint for you: Militia means group of able-bodied people, not what you think it means. If you're an adult US Citizen...you're that "Militia" they talk to in that part of the Amendment. Using it to exclude and preclude ownership and bearing is to misunderstand quite a bit of the writings of the times ON TOP of misunderstanding the Constitution.

      --
      I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
    72. Re:Who Cares? by Algae_94 · · Score: 1

      For one supposedly so knowledgeable about this...

      I don't know where you came up with this idea. I made a snarky comment about wording. I'm not very knowledgeable about this. I also own firearms so don't get defensive and think I'm pushing to take away all the guns.

      I don't see how you can rectify your position with the fact that sales of firearms have been regulated for a very long time now. Background checks, restrictions on types of firearms (fully automatic), even restrictions on age of buyers.

    73. Re:Who Cares? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Suck my gun nutz retard.

      Real mature, intellectual insight you've got there.

      If this attitude is indicative of the general theme of anti-gunnery (and, from my experience, it is), then I can't imagine why anyone would ever listen to a work you guys have to say.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
  2. What if the costs are too great? by Albanach · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Can the social costs outweigh the right or privilege? Do other countries where there is broad acceptance of restrictions on gun ownership, such as the UK, have any right 'not to hear' this free information?

    Has any analysis been done as to the feasibility of the oppressed in obtaining suitable 3d printers and the 'correct' material for printing, then using these weapons to defeat their oppressor versus the ability of criminals to do likewise and use the weapons in the pursuit of their crimes?

    1. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Albanach · · Score: 2

      We have many rights under the US constitution, but having the right and choosing when and how to exercise that right are two very different things. The constitution permits and protects a great many anti-social activities, yet I don't believe the founding fathers were attempting to promote anti-social behavior. They simply recognized that to fully protect beneficial behavior there was a need to make the safeguard as wide as possible.

      It is a mistake to think the impact is restricted to the United States. This is a man who said "We're so dissatisfied in participating in traditional politics, that we're looking for other kinds of projects that are still innately political and contest what can be done in political terms."

      There is no meaningful restriction on access to guns in the US. And were any restriction to come into effect, it is likely to be on where guns can be carried not on whether you can own one. The real impact of these weapons will therefore be felt by those in other countries - countries Cody Wilson has likely never visited let alone lived in.

    2. Re:What if the costs are too great? by RevDisk · · Score: 1

      What other countries do or do not do should not be the basis of American law. Constutional rights have one of three levels of protection. Might as well think of them as high, medium and low.

      Strict scrutiny is the most stringent standard of judicial review, so highly protected. Example: race-based classifications.
      Intermediate scrutiny requires the government to have a very important interest in infringing upon said right, medium. Examples: free speech, equal protection
      Rational basis review is the bare minimum of Constitutional protection, and is regularly infringed upon government interest.

      IMHO, all rights should be held to strict scrutiny standards. In reality, only a few rights are held to the highest standard, and even those are subject to infringement.

    3. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Will.Woodhull · · Score: 1

      Mod parent post up.

      The impact to USA society of the ability to make a gun in the privacy of your own home is piddly compared to the impact this technology will have in several other societies.

      Here is a newly articulated rule that is proven by several thousand years of history:

      The Luddites never win.

      Gun control is a product of Luddite thinking. There are other ways of dealing with the crazies who go on rampages, and the criminals who use guns in their crimes. Work out how to handle those bad behaviors rather than wasting efforts trying to stop a technology. It is not the technology that kills. It is the abberant behavior of those who would abuse whatever technology comes easiest to their hand.

      --
      Will
    4. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      There is no meaningful restriction on access to guns in the US.

      Citation needed.

    5. Re:What if the costs are too great? by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      We have many rights under the US constitution, ....

      No. Wrong way to consider it.

      We, as people, have many rights. The US Constitution recognizes several of them. We don't have them "under the Constitution", we have them regardless of the Constitution. The Constitutional Amendments simply say the government cannot violate or remove those rights we already have.

      The alternative is that we, as people, have no rights whatsoever. Only permissions and privileges.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    6. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Albanach · · Score: 4, Informative

      Seriously? For the most part, someone who is not a convicted felon or diagnosed as suffering from mental illness can buy a gun in a gun shop. The others can (illegally, but apparently with some ease) buy a gun at a gun fair.

      Here's an NRA guide by state

    7. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Albanach · · Score: 2

      Well, of course you can look at it that way, but absent the constitution or another social contract you have only the state of nature - where life is nasty, brutish and short.

      Certainly you could say we have many rights protected under the constitution, but really it's just semantics; the rights exist but to fully enjoy the benefits that flow therefrom might require discretion over which rights we exercise and when and how we do so.

    8. Re:What if the costs are too great? by TheCarp · · Score: 1

      > The constitution permits and protects a great many anti-social activities, yet I don't believe the founding fathers
      > were attempting to promote anti-social behavior. They simply recognized that to fully protect beneficial behavior
      > there was a need to make the safeguard as wide as possible.

      But nobody needs the right to obey. The right to do as you are told has never been questioned or challenged. None have ever been threatened with loss of liberty for doing what his neighbor considered decent and appropriate.

      These are rights only in the most simple and navel gazing sense. Rights can only protect the activities that others find objectionable. No other yard stick matters a lick.

      --
      "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
    9. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Albanach · · Score: 1

      Indeed, because there is always the prospect of tyranny of the majority, so the right to organize, to protest, to campaign, to speak may always be under threat and should be protected. That doesn't make westboro baptist church any less objectionable just because they exercise their constitutional rights in their protests.

    10. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      Can the social costs outweigh the right or privilege?

      Which costs are you referring to; the costs to "The Powers That Be" (this is, after all, very much akin to the printing press in terms of its disruptionary potential to empower the masses) or the "costs" to those same masses (i.e "You'll hurt yourselves if you're allowed to protect yourselves with this")?

    11. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Jahta · · Score: 1

      Can the social costs outweigh the right or privilege? Do other countries where there is broad acceptance of restrictions on gun ownership, such as the UK, have any right 'not to hear' this free information?

      Has any analysis been done as to the feasibility of the oppressed in obtaining suitable 3d printers and the 'correct' material for printing, then using these weapons to defeat their oppressor versus the ability of criminals to do likewise and use the weapons in the pursuit of their crimes?

      Well there has been analysis done that shows there is a direct relationship - worldwide - between the level of gun ownership in a country and the level of gun related fatalities; High gun ownership makes countries less safe, US study finds. And the US is top of the list.

      Most countries in the western world have decided that any putative "right" to own a gun is far outweighed by the social cost.

      (And before somebody says it, yes I know you can stab somebody with a chisel or beat them to death with a hammer. What you cannot do with either of those things is stand in a crowded space and kill people as fast as you can flex your finger; that requires a gun.)

    12. Re:What if the costs are too great? by ed1park · · Score: 1

      What happens when we get to the point of open source plans for a thermo nuclear device that can be built with such a machine?

    13. Re:What if the costs are too great? by stoploss · · Score: 1

      Well, of course you can look at it that way, but absent the constitution or another social contract you have only the state of nature - where life is nasty, brutish and short.

      Certainly you could say we have many rights protected under the constitution, but really it's just semantics; the rights exist but to fully enjoy the benefits that flow therefrom might require discretion over which rights we exercise and when and how we do so.

      Your perspective is precisely why some of the Founders were against a Bill of Rights. They believed that by explicitly guaranteeing certain rights, people would start to believe that the Constitution existed to circumscribe the rights of the states and the people—when in fact, it is exactly the opposite. The Constitution was written as a whitelist of powers of the federal government. Everything else, all rights and powers, were implicitly retained by the states and/or people.

      The compromise for the Bill of Rights for the Founders who opposed it was the inclusion of the 9th and 10th amendments, which serve as a reminder that the Constitution does *not* define your rights, but rather exists to restrain the government.

      This distinction matters. We are not supposed to live at the whim and pleasure of our governmental "masters". Thinking about this backwards (I.e. that the government grants us our rights rather than we granting powers to the government) preconditions the construct for abuse by the government.

    14. Re:What if the costs are too great? by Twanfox · · Score: 1

      ... or diagnosed as suffering from mental illness ...

      It isn't just 'diagnosed with a mental illness', the proper term is 'adjudicated'. Meaning, you go before a judge and they decide you are unfit to possess a firearm. The other method the mentally ill are barred is following (and during) a stay in a mental health institution. Of course, these rules seem to be decided by the states, but most include similar language that does not include simple 'diagnosis'.

      http://www.ncsl.org/research/c...

    15. Re:What if the costs are too great? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      What happens when we get to the point of open source plans for a thermo nuclear device that can be built with such a machine?

      I'd bet dollars to pesos we're already there (although admittedly, I don't really want to risk googling "nuke plans" from my own computer).

      What you should be asking is, "what happens when we get to the point where fissible material is easily accessible by anyone?"

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
  3. Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This is not what the world needs - i.e. an easy way to make an unregulated *weapon* - i.e. an object designed to kill. This is not about open source, or anything else that Cody Wilson claims; it's about the *result* of his actions id these his designs are used to proliferate more *weapons*. America already experiences 33-35,000 gun deaths every year. America is FOURTH in gun deaths, worldwide - after Thailand, Colombia and Nigeria.Isn't that enough? Do we want to make guns even easier to obtain?

    Project forward ten years, when 3D printers are far less expensive, and gun designs have been perfected. It's trivial to consider the new kinds of concealable (and undetectable) weapons that could be made via 3D printers.

    Instead of arguing this point, we need to make it very clear that anyone making or distributing 3D gun models should be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. If there isn't a law, make one - make TEN! I don't care.

    It's sickening to hear pro-gun people talk about "freedom" and "self-defense", when they seem not one bit to care about the thousands killed by guns, and ironically attempt to make a self-defense argument for their position when it's the nearly unabated spread of weapons in America enabled by the terrorist NRA leadership; their Congressional whores; and, their gun-manufacturing overlords.

    If Cody sends out one more 3D plan, jail him for 10 years! People who want to be free of gun deaths have rights, too!

    1. Re:Irresponsible by sycodon · · Score: 2

      You are arguing that the Printing Press should be made illegal instead of making Libel a tortious act.

      --
      When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
    2. Re: Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1, Interesting

      No, I have a right to lobby my legislators to stop the irresponsible spread of killing weapons in America. Michael Bloomberg also has that right. Little-by-little, America is going to get better on this issue. Remember tobacco? Remember highly unsafe autos prior to Ralph Nader? Watch, and learn.

    3. Re:Irresponsible by Charliemopps · · Score: 2

      blah blah blah... You're trying to stop the wind. He's entirely right. This is something that's coming like a freight train and there's no stopping it. I've built guns, from scratch, for years. It's not even remotely difficult. What he's made with his thousand dollar 3D printer you could make by spending $10 at home depot on some pipe fittings and nails. Want it undetectable so you can take it on a plane? Drill a hole in a piece of oak, use a piece of graphite or other semi-hard substance for the firing pin. That's how simple this is. All these years you've been protected by ignorance. You're afraid of a myth.

      People don't make this stuff because people aren't generally murders. The ones that are murders can find a lot easier ways to kill you. Your kids are far more likely to die at your own hand in a car accident than they are from any gun, much less a 3D printed gun.

    4. Re:Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1, Interesting

      No, I am arguing that the spread of killing weapons is unhealthy and unsafe - and violates the rights of Americans who have been killed by said weapons.

    5. Re: Irresponsible by Shakrai · · Score: 2

      No, I have a right to lobby my legislators to stop the irresponsible spread of killing weapons in America.

      And you'd have my support if that's all you wanted to do. Alas, your side of the fence seems to have a problem with firearms in general, not merely with the firearms used by bad actors.

      --
      I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
      We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
    6. Re: Irresponsible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      No, I have a right to lobby my legislators to stop the irresponsible spread of killing weapons in America. Michael Bloomberg also has that right. Little-by-little, America is going to get better on this issue. Remember tobacco? Remember highly unsafe autos prior to Ralph Nader? Watch, and learn.

      Two points:

      First, what are you doing to get all automobiles banned?

      Second, your emotional, unthinking characterization of guns aside, you seem to care little about this:

      Amendment II

      A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

      And cut out the crap about "well regulated Militia", please. That's nothing more than a supporting clause providing ONE reason for the right to bear arms. It doesn't restrict the right. All the rights in the Bill of Rights are individual rights - the history of their creation and adoption makes that clear. Why the hell are you so bent on restricting fundamental rights guaranteed in the US Constitution? Because you don't like it? Tough shit. The rights of others aren't there for YOU to like or not. Just because you don't want to exercise one of your fundamental rights gives you no authority to strip others of their rights.

    7. Re:Irresponsible by pedrop357 · · Score: 2

      The person shooting them is violating their rights, that is who needs to be held accountable.

      My right to possess a gun doesn't go away because SOMEONE ELSE might use a gun to violate someone's right not to be shot.

    8. Re:Irresponsible by compro01 · · Score: 1

      What more to expect from the NRA?

      Vigorous lobbying to restrict 3D printing. If every Joe can print an M1911, they won't need the gun manufacturers, which the NRA is actually run by.

      --
      upon the advice of my lawyer, i have no sig at this time
    9. Re:Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 2

      Good point... one that people often fail to grasp. I support decriminalization of all drugs... yes, ALL drugs, as the individual should have the right to do with their body what they want. The most common come-back I hear is "so then it's OK for them to kill you for money to support their habit?"

      Uh... no, it's not OK. Only a moron could conclude that.

      I support the decriminalization of prostitution. The most common come-back I hear is "so then it's OK for a pimp to essentially force a woman to sell her body for him?"

      Uh... no, it's not OK. Only a moron could conclude that.

      Guns are tools, used for entertainment, sport, self defense... as soon as someone uses one to violate your rights, you can go ahead and execute them, as far as I'm concerned. But get rid of the person that violated your rights... "things" don't violate your rights, only other people do.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    10. Re: Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1

      This is America; I have the right to vote and support change, including change to the Constitution. And, the so-called "right" to make 3D weapons is what we are discussing; THAT is NOT a settled right, and it never will be.

    11. Re:Irresponsible by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 1

      I still don't see the explanation on how a 3D printed plastic gun is worse than a plastic gun developed by other means. If you want to outlaw a type of gun, just do it. It is monumentally stupid to try to outlaw every manufacturing method that comes along, as it will always be a chase.

      For instance. When does a 3d model of a gun become an illegal one? A basic outline? A general but unproven design? Or does it have to be a complete design proven to actually work, with all the detailed instructions for post print processing included? What if it comes in two separate models that someone has to match? What if the model just a part of a gun? What if a feature is included that makes the gun inoperable? What if its a 3D model for a video game?

      Lets not be so stupid.

    12. Re:Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      Another invalid comparison... Your right to own a car is like the right to own a gun - it does NOT go away because other people have caused laws to be created punishing those who drive unsafely... and laws apply to people using weapons unsafely, but the right to own and use the gun remains. Please note, I know the knee-jerk reaction from liberals is hard to for them to temper, but he didn't say you can't limit it's use, he said the right doesn't go away.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    13. Re: Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1, Insightful

      You are making a hasty generalization about "my side". In recent polling, 90% of Americans (including NRA members) said they wanted better background checks for gun licensing. the NRA fought that, and won. the NRA leadership is a terrorist leadership, completely insensitive to anything but the filthy lucre they take form their gun manufacturing overlords, used to bribe corrupt legislators.

    14. Re: Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      You're right; and our prisons should release all the perpetrators convicted of victimless crimes (like prostitution and drug use), and fill it with people who violate the rights of others, including those who've endangered the lives of other innocent people because of misuse of their right to own a gun.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    15. Re:Irresponsible by RevDisk · · Score: 1

      You do realize that there are basically schematics for virtually every firearm in history available? Around here, we have people that make historic weapons using historic tools (ie essentially blacksmith shops). You could easily build highly lethal firearms with a load of charcoal, some decent wood and a pile of iron. It doesn't require that much skill either.

      Before you say "So What?", this is still done every day in the Khyber Pass. Weapons are made using extremely primitive means. It's actually unnerving that they can and do reverse engineer firearms from even just pictures, and then make their own knockoffs.
      Any machine shop in America can easily surpass Khyber Pass' charcoal fires and hammers.

    16. Re:Irresponsible by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      There WILL be severe penalties for spreading the manufacture of weapons via 3D printers.

      Funny impotent internet tough guy.

      What are the penalties for spreading the CNC programs to make m16 receivers? I'm pretty sure I could find those for you.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    17. Re:Irresponsible by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      No. You are claiming my right to own a car should be removed because other people cause traffic accidents that kill innocent people.

      Also, the primary purpose of a bow and arrow is killing. As is that of a spear. Are you insisting those be outlawed as well?

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    18. Re:Irresponsible by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      Actually, that is the basis of your argument. How can you not see that?

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    19. Re:Irresponsible by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      If the tyrant wants to drink clean water they do. More importantly, the have the power to mandate it. Just as you want to mandate gun control.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    20. Re:Irresponsible by RevDisk · · Score: 4, Informative

      Not really. Go ahead and have an aneurysm when you read this.

      It's legal to post 3D print files of firearms. That's fully legal and permitted under the First and Second Amendments.

      It's illegal to export them internationally without State Department permission, due to The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Constitution grants the US government nearly unlimited control of the borders of the United States, and that include limits on goods going in or out of the country.

      Source: I did export control in the aerospace industry. Plenty of 100% fully legal domestic stuff is illegal to send internationally without a permit. Fun example? L3 FLIR cameras made in Canada are illegal to transport back into Canada. Or notch a tailpipe to fit in a HMMWV, it becomes a defense article.

    21. Re:Irresponsible by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

      They would if they could.

      --
      If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
    22. Re: Irresponsible by Lord+Kano · · Score: 2

      Being that the NRA doesn't publish membership lists, and that they don't poll us on such questions, how can you claim to know anything about what NRA members want?

      LK

      --
      "Hi. This is my friend, Jack Shit, and you don't know him." - Lord Kano
    23. Re:Irresponsible by Lord+Kano · · Score: 1

      Mussolini made the trains run on time.

      LK

      --
      "Hi. This is my friend, Jack Shit, and you don't know him." - Lord Kano
    24. Re:Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      It's virtually impossible to stop crime from happening; that's why the SCOTUS has affirmed that it's not the responsibility of police departments to prevent crime, but to to try to catch and punish those who commit them. Printing a 3D gun doesn't violate anyone else's rights, it's when someone uses that gun to violate the rights of others that they've committed a crime... and we don't need any new laws for our government to try to catch and prosecute those that do it.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    25. Re: Irresponsible by TwoUtes · · Score: 1

      Right, and there would be no more murders. Ever. Do you really think banning guns will stop people from killing each other? Come on, pull you head out of your ass and think about how long humans have been killing each other compared to how long firearms have existed. Have you seen the scores of beheading videos all over the internet? Shall we ban machetes and knives too? I mean, it will keep more people alive. Oh wait, there's rocks too. Stoning is big in the bible, and continues to this day in various third world regions. Perhaps we should ban the possession of rocks to, you know, keep more people alive.

    26. Re:Irresponsible by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 1

      Actually, you're not counting wars, which are gun deaths. Nor are you counting the millions who died after the right to arm themselves was taken away, by the government who's purpose was to protect those very lives, often by means of a bullet.

      Name one dictator that allowed the citizens to keep and bear arms. Just one! Should be easy! The one thing they all have in common, is restricted guns to government agents. Germany, Russia/USSR, Cuba, China ..... Millions of dead civilians.

      BTW, you're not anti gun, you're just against anyone but the government having guns. I'll bet you're all for Police, Military and agencies like the BLM having assault rifles and tanks. But hey, if you REALLY want to be anti-gun, please by all means, disarm the government first, for the Government has killed more innocent people, with guns, than I, or any of my "gun owning" friends have. In fact, my cousin (unarmed) was shot and killed by police, so anecdotally speaking, government I know has killed more people, I know, with guns than the people I know have killed with guns.

      Suffice it to say, you need a better perspective on reality. Your irrational fear of guns, and not the tyrants that wield them is getting the better of you.

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
    27. Re: Irresponsible by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 1

      Actually, it is a settled right, as long as there is the 2nd Amendment. It is an affirmed right, that cannot be taken away except under tyrant's rule.

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
    28. Re: Irresponsible by Shakrai · · Score: 1

      Here's the reasons why the NRA fights legislation like that: New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey, California, Maryland, and Hawaii. Put simply, the gun rights crowd doesn't trust you, because they've seen what you've done in States where you have unfettered control.

      I didn't have any philosophical objection to UBCs, but I certainly didn't trust the motivation of the people who were trying to advocate them, particularly when they were simultaneously trying to ban an entire class of firearms that are rarely used to commit crimes.

      --
      I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
      We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
    29. Re:Irresponsible by devman · · Score: 1

      I have serious doubts as to whether a source file for printing a 3D weapon can be regulated. Forgetting the 2nd amendment issues I doubt it would stand up to 1st amendment scrutiny (source files are speech). Possession of the output (the gun) is already regulated under existing laws anyway, I'm not sure what the big deal is.

    30. Re: Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 5, Informative

      Crime continues to rise and you think America is getting better? Why not address the violence culture instead of their tools? Oh, that's right... It's because you feel it infringes on your rights to live in a culture who makes sport and entertainment of violence.

      FBI Statistical data disagrees with you (FBI Violent Crime Table). I realize the mainstream media has brainwashed a large number of people out there to believe the sky is falling on this issue, but it's really not.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    31. Re:Irresponsible by flyingsquid · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Guns are tools, used for entertainment, sport, self defense... as soon as someone uses one to violate your rights, you can go ahead and execute them, as far as I'm concerned. But get rid of the person that violated your rights... "things" don't violate your rights, only other people do.

      Taken to the logical extreme, the "guns don't kill people, people kill people" argument says any sort of gun control is illogical. Fully automatic AK-47s don't kill people, people kill people! Browning .50 caliber machine guns don't kill people, people kill people! Hand grenades don't kill people, people kill people! A plutonium implosion weapon doesn't kill people, people kill people! Ownership of a nuclear bomb doesn't violate people's rights, so we shouldn't restrict ownership of fissile material. Of course, if someone were to detonate a 20 kiloton weapon in a school and kill all the schoolchildren, and incinerate everyone for miles around, well should throw the book at them. But let's not get all crazy and talk about putting restrictions on enriched uranium. The fissile material, explosive lenses and triggers are just a tool, it's what people decide to do with it that matters, right?

      The reason that argument sounds insane because it IS insane. Except for failed states like Somalia and Afghanistan, EVERY state accepts some limitations on the kinds of weapons that people can carry, the only difference is that some states apply more restrictions than others. The U.S. gun control laws are far more lax than in the UK, Australia, or Canada, but we have them- you can't just buy a machine gun. This always seems to get forgotten in discussions about gun control: gun control is already in existence, the only question is whether we need less, more, or to keep things the same. The US, UK, Australia and Canada all agree that some weapons are too dangerous to let people run around with, we just disagree about where to draw the line. Given that the US has an endless series of mass killings, and the other countries don't, it's not hard to see who made the right call.

    32. Re:Irresponsible by flyingsquid · · Score: 1

      You're right, we shouldn't be panicking about the idea that people can print out guns. We should be panicking at the thought that people can easily buy precision-made, high quality and relatively inexpensive semiautomatic pistols and assault rifles. Makerbot isn't the problem, the problem is Glock and Colt.

    33. Re: Irresponsible by Immerman · · Score: 1

      I'm torn on this issue, and would need to look at the precise language of any bill and the ways in which it could be twisted or trivially extended in the future. I would like to see those with, for example, a history of violent mental illness denied the right to purchase firearms, but I can't think of many ways in which it could be done that could not be trivially perverted to also deny firearms to anyone likely to take up arms against an oppressive government, thus completely undermining the second amendment.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    34. Re: Irresponsible by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1

      Murders would be reduced. How is it that gun deaths drop precipitously just across the Canadian border, where they have sane gun controls?

    35. Re:Irresponsible by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      I didn't say they shouldn't be regulated at all.... and far from a "logical" extreme, you've reached reductio ad absurdum in very short order.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    36. Re: Irresponsible by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Certainly they do - that's essential to a functioning, abaptable democracy. If they lobby long enough and hard enough then they can get an amendment proposed to repeal the second amendment, just as happened when the 18th amendment (alcohol prohibition) was repealed. Of course it'll need to be ratified by 38 state legislatures before it comes in to effect - that's your opportunity to stand strong and tell your legislature they're going to lose their jobs over this. And if you can't muster enough people to make it a credible threat - well that's democracy in action for you: sometimes you lose and have to live with it, just like they have to live with the consequences of your victories.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    37. Re:Irresponsible by maroberts · · Score: 1

      BTW, you're not anti gun, you're just against anyone but the government having guns. I'll bet you're all for Police, Military and agencies like the BLM having assault rifles and tanks....

      No even in these cases we believe that gun use should be controlled and limited. Your average UK policeman does not carry a gun, although I accept he/she can call on backup which does. The military is only allowed to play with guns when the Prime Minister says so...

      --

      Donte Alistair Anderson Roberts - hi son!
      Karma: Chameleon

    38. Re: Irresponsible by TwoUtes · · Score: 1

      Sure, "gun deaths" were reduced, but overall, the murder rate was unchanged. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G... The point is, people are going to kill, whether they have guns, knives, hammers, rocks or spears. All the hand-wringing by you anti-gun types won't change that one iota.

    39. Re:Irresponsible by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 1

      Ah yes, the UK, who we fought for our independence from and the tyranny of the Crown. Whose ass we had to save from Germans 70 years ago. That UK?

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
    40. Re: Irresponsible by TerryMathews · · Score: 1

      Put a better background check on the table and I'll vote for it. What was proposed was effectively a transfer tax. The last time we agreed to that (NFA) you all rigged a vote in Congress and closed the registry, effectively banning a whole class of gun (FOPA).

      No thanks.

      --
      -- Terry
    41. Re:Irresponsible by maroberts · · Score: 1

      ...or you could phrase it as the UK that had to preserve the independance of Canada by burning down the White House... ..or the UK that assisted with the development of codebreaking and radar so you could win against the Japanese ...or the UK that got the US started on jet and atomic weapon technology

      etc etc.

      --

      Donte Alistair Anderson Roberts - hi son!
      Karma: Chameleon

    42. Re:Irresponsible by DaHat · · Score: 1

      They can claim they are today (and are)... but I have been surprised that Cody Wilson has yet to follow in the footsteps of Phillip Zimmerman & publish a book that contained the 'source code' of the 3d plans... and then dare the govt to attempt to ban the book.

    43. Re:Irresponsible by pedrop357 · · Score: 1

      I have as much right to 'print' a gun as I do a book, paper, pamphlet, etc. as well as making one from raw parts made from a backyard steel smelter.

      " because it removes sensible control of the spread of killing weapons."

      Do you want to try that again?

    44. Re:Irresponsible by pedrop357 · · Score: 1

      It actually does. Sorry.

    45. Re: Irresponsible by internerdj · · Score: 1

      That is a rather strange presumption that something that would cause enough unrest to cause the gun owning segment of the US population to revolt would leave the military intact. If normal firearms are worthless in battle then why does the government keep spending my tax money to make sure our soldiers have them?

    46. Re: Irresponsible by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      In recent polling, 90% of Americans (including NRA members) said they wanted better background checks for gun licensing.

      Proven bunk

      I bet I could get a completely opposite answer if I polled, say, 100 members of a Texas gun club, instead of 100 students of a Connecticut liberal arts college, as the original pollsters did.

      Let this be a lesson to you, regarding why you should take any poll result with a heaping helping of sodium chloride.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    47. Re: Irresponsible by diamondmagic · · Score: 1

      You have a right to say "we should punish people who sell guns." But neither you nor anyone else has a right to actually carry that out.

      How do we enforce these laws? Police, prison time, and the threat of violence in general. The very violence you claim to be against.

    48. Re:Irresponsible by diamondmagic · · Score: 2

      Of course every state "accepts some limitations" on weapons -- armed people are a threat to tyrannical governments and states in general, and this fact is entirely a result of one's self-preservation, whether good or not. (And a tyrannical government is most certainly not good.)

      We won the American Revolution because the general population was armed as well as or better than the British military. The Second Amendment isn't there for hunting, it exists explicitly to protect your right to shoot at the government.

      Suddenly, you logical extreme doesn't sound so illogical. (And it was always sounded logical, perhaps you mean "reasonable"?) Most people don't have nuclear weapons because they're nearly impossible to manufacture. But suppose you could 3D print a bomb or machine gun, mass killings are virtually always a losing proposition for organized crime - instead, it's typically a sole actor or very small group. These people are going to cause chaos with whatever they can get their hands on, laws be damned. Are we going to ban kitchen knives and fertilizer too, now?

    49. Re: Irresponsible by Mr.+Shotgun · · Score: 1

      The ATF doesn't agree with you. People, not the milita but people, are free to make their own handguns/shotguns/rifles as long as it is not intended for sale. 1st amendment allows Mr Wilson to publish the plans, and the 2nd amendment allows individuals to use those plans to make a weapon. Quite frankly I am not sure how much more settled it could be.

      --
      Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised for the (supposed) good of its victims may be the most oppressive
    50. Re:Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      So, are we comparing straight numbers or are we comparing rates?

      Are we including criminal-on-criminal violence in the comparison? I think most people would like to know and would see a difference.

    51. Re: Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 2

      Ah yes, Michael Bloomberg and George Soros have that right because they are rich but my friends and I don't have the right to pool our money for the same purpose, at least according to the ramblings of our Senate Majority leader.

      I also haven't figured out how the Koch brothers shouldn't have the same right that Bloomberg and Soros do but that is probably because my values need some clarifying.

    52. Re: Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      Because Michael Bloomberg told him.

    53. Re: Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      Then push for an amendment to the constitution instead of constantly pushing for laws that ignore the constitution.

    54. Re: Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      The founding fathers and writers of the federalist and anti-federalist papers were not members of the NRA as it did not exist during their lifetimes and their writings contradict your view and confirm that of the NRA, so maybe you should rethink the meaning of affirmed. Chucky Schumer, Mikey Bloomberg and Piers Morgan are really not very well versed in US history so you should not look to them as authorities in this area.

    55. Re: Irresponsible by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      And 75 senators and 329 representatives before that process even starts. At least that would be the honest route for them to take.

    56. Re:Irresponsible by internerdj · · Score: 1

      Both sides want to keep more people alive and they are firmly convinced the other side's opinion on how to do that will fail miserably. My parents live in a relatively quiet neighborhood but there was an incident where three unarmed teenagers beat an elderly man to death for money and medication. They were strongly resistant to even toy guns in the house but now they own one because they simply would be overcome if anyone broke in. Gun deaths would drop without guns and maybe even overall deaths, but your position makes the elderly, the female, the weak far more tempting targets than the strong young men you think of as gun nuts. That to me is unconscienable unless you are severely reducing overall violence and that doesn't seem to follow the worldwide stats.

    57. Re:Irresponsible by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      Odd thing: decriminalizing drugs would mean that fewer junkies need to commit crimes to support their habit, and we'd be better able to treat said junkies. Similarly, decriminalizing prostitution would mean the prostitute would have the same legal rights in her line of work that I do in mine.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
    58. Re: Irresponsible by Immerman · · Score: 1

      Well, these days Lobbying ~= purchasing congressmen, and I'm assuming any serious lobbying group could relatively easily buy a couple hundred votes at the federal level. Doing the same in 38 separate state legislatures, where representatives are often a bit more accountable, would be a much larger challenge.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  4. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by i+kan+reed · · Score: 1

    Yeah, because a little killing is necessary, like a little eating.

    Your argument by metaphor totally lacks any crucial flaws that reflect a complete lack of understanding. Good job.

  5. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1

    What you THINK Jefferson meant doesn't amount to a hill of beans. It's quite clear from the entire quotation - in context, that he wasn't talking about guns. http://www.monticello.org/site...

  6. Just when we thought we had it under control... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

    The problem with 3D printing is that it makes object creation too easy, and weapons are one of the first types of objects people think of creating. "Gun control" is a concept that's been worked on for many years, and this goes right in the face of it. There's many communities where guns are completely banned, or have to cross an area that destroys the ability to fire. This is why we need some interrupt somewhere to say "That's something that isn't allowed here!" in all 3D printer designs.

    1. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

      Then amend the constitution... The 1st Amendment is very explicit. NO LAW!

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    2. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      Uhm, gun control is the SECOND Amendment, and that says there has to be regulation!

    3. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by pedrop357 · · Score: 1

      It actually forbids gun control ie., "shall not be infringed"

    4. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      "Well regulated militia" is the only group allowed to have weapons....

    5. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

      Wrong..

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    6. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      Uhm, one word posts like that don't go very far here.

    7. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

      I'm not trying to convince you, I'm just telling you. People have a right to form their well disciplined militias, and they have the right to keep and bear arms. And both those rights shall not be abridged. It's damn near as explicit as the 1st Amendment's 'no law'. Unfortunately both are being intentionally misinterpreted for political expediency. If you want to restrict either, you must amend the constitution. The process is all spelled out for you.

      Your previous is wrong. One word is all that is needed to say so.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    8. Re:Just when we thought we had it under control... by CaptSlaq · · Score: 1

      "Well regulated militia" is the only group allowed to have weapons....

      The supreme court disagrees with this assessment.

  7. Open Source Freedom? by necro81 · · Score: 1

    I am not entirely sure what the poster means by "Open Source Freedom." I'm sure there's a serious discussion to be had there, but my first reaction was "Freedom is Not Free (as in beer)."

  8. ordered to take them down by fustakrakich · · Score: 1

    Second Amendment? This is a direct violation of the 1st Amendment. And we're going to let this happen just because the info is about guns? Fuck that. Submissiveness will destroy us.

    --
    “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
  9. It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by dbc · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Look people, this is NOT a 2A issue, this is a 1A issue. When does censorship stop? Why can't gun plans be published?

    What if after some future election it became illegal to publish plans for IUD contra-ceptives without a licence after some person posts plans for a 3D printed one. Then for a research physician to get published in a medical journal he'd need permission from the government. How about that? How is that different?

    How would you feel about needing to obtain a goverenemt license to publish anything about crytographic code? Where would that stop? Could you teach your kids how to make a Ceasar cipher, or would you go to jail for that under a national security gag-order.

    He is publishing plans. This is a 1A issue.

    1. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by ebusinessmedia1 · · Score: 1

      That's right, and SCOTUS will put a stop to it, just like they did about shouting "fire!" in a theater. There are limits to so-called "free speech".

    2. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by Zontar_Thing_From_Ve · · Score: 1

      Look people, this is NOT a 2A issue, this is a 1A issue. When does censorship stop? Why can't gun plans be published?

      This may be a first amendment issue, or perhaps it is a second amendment issue, but that will be up to a court to decide. What you fail to understand is that like many Americans (I am American too, so I"m allowed to say that), you think that all rights are absolute but they are not. Even Justice Scalia, who is as conservative as they come on the Supreme Court, pointed out in a gun ruling that the Supreme Court wasn't saying that there couldn't be any restrictions on guns just because the second amendment existed. The classic easy to understand example is that your right to free speech does not give you the right to yell "Fire!" in a crowded theater when there isn't one and cause a panic leading to injuries and possibly death and then you just shrug it off and tell the police "You can't do anything to me. I exercised my free speech rights." Your right to free speech does not mean you can lie while under oath, for another example. If someone was to get your social security number, your bank account information, your address, credit card information and passwords to various accounts and publish that, would you happily ignore that as your life falls apart because the publisher was simply exercising his free speech rights?

    3. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by gfxguy · · Score: 2

      I've read several of your posts here, and wholeheartedly agree with them. As a libertarian I say it often: your rights should only end when used to violate the rights of others. Obviously printing a gun, in itself, does not threaten anyone else's rights.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    4. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      Well said, anonymous coward. Listening to some of these idiots, you'd think people would just be dropping dead every time someone just went and purchased a gun.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    5. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by pedrop357 · · Score: 1

      They never put a stop to shouting "fire!" in a theater. A Supreme Court judge tossed that poor analogy out in a case upholding the conviction of someone handing out pamphlets opposed to WW1 with horribly threatening statements like "Do not be intimidated".

    6. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by dbc · · Score: 1

      Look people, this is NOT a 2A issue, this is a 1A issue. When does censorship stop? Why can't gun plans be published?

      This may be a first amendment issue, or perhaps it is a second amendment issue, but that will be up to a court to decide. What you fail to understand is that like many Americans (I am American too, so I"m allowed to say that), you think that all rights are absolute

      Nope. Didn't say that. Go re-read what I posted. Stop putting words into my mouth so that you can argue with them. Argue with what I *actually* said, not with some strawman that you made up from whole cloth.

      What part of preventing the publishing of plans is not censorship? Look as hard as you like, I don't think you will find a part of preventing publishing that is not censorship.

      When do national security interests trump anti-censorship? That question will keep thoughtful people debating for a long time. But somehow, I don't think 3D printed gun plans cross the line to national security.

    7. Re:It's a 1A issue, not a 2A issue. by Mr.+Shotgun · · Score: 1

      Fire in a crowded theater...if you knew the case behind that piece of hackneyed trash you would never dare utter it in polite company again! Mr white has an excellent take down of that piece of claptrap you call a justification here. Short story, it was used to justify the punishment of critics of the government under the espionage act. Three men where sentenced to ten years under those decisions for writing rather mild criticisms of the draft and government. If he were alive today he would of had code pink clapped in irons. And if prison for criticizing the government sounds like the kind of thing you can endorse and stand behind then you do not belong in this country at all. Go be a sycophant somewhere else.

      --
      Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised for the (supposed) good of its victims may be the most oppressive
  10. No parts list? by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

    I'll supply the parts list.

    1 drill press.
    1 vice, mounted in the drill press.
    1 .25 ID black pipe.
    1 .25 ID black pipe cap.
    1 roofing nail.
    1 drill to match the roofing nail diameter.
    1 .25 rimfire round.
    1 .25 chamber reamer. (optional)
    1 hammer.

    Maybe someone else will post how to put it together, though if you can't figure it out you might want to stop. To make a legal gun (not an 'other gun') you should add a handle, trigger, mechanical hammer and safety.

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    1. Re:No parts list? by rahvin112 · · Score: 1

      I know you weren't trying to be accurate but I don't see a functional fire arm there, at least for the type of ammunition you selected. If you were after a muzzle loader you might have been ok (and you should really specify an outside diameter on that pipe lest someone use too thin of a wall and blow their face off) but you don't need the firing pin only a hole for fuse. The reason for this should be obvious if you've ever handled modern brass ammunition.

    2. Re:No parts list? by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      The trick is drilling the hole in the cap off center so the nail hits the rim of the .25 when you hit the nail with the hammer. Might need to file on the nail to fine tune it.

      'Black pipe' is thick walled steel pipe intended for gas lines.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    3. Re:No parts list? by rahvin112 · · Score: 1

      You wouldn't be able to get the brass in the tube without boring it out. The brass is wider than the round, and the rim on the rim fire cartridge is even wider. You'd need to double bore the tube to accommodate the width of the brass then a little extra to accommodate the rim of the round. You need some pretty precise machining to accommodate brass, not that it's difficult mind you, state of the art early 1900's metal working equipment is quite capable of the tolerances you need.

      But it's not quite as simple as screw cap on pipe and drill hole in the end for a nail. The screw a cap on a pipe would probably work fine if you want a muzzle loader but if you are going to go the trouble of putting brass rounds in you might as well take the little bit of extra time it would take to machine a proper receiver with either a bolt or semi-auto type. Honestly it's not that challenging, consider that the class of metal working tools that were available to Browning when they invented the semi-automatic and it shouldn't be that hard to realize that making a firearm really isn't that hard. Hell even the early colonists could make firearms and they actually had to make the steel tube by hand from plate stock which was the hardest part.

    4. Re:No parts list? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      If I'm not mistaken, a 9mm Luger round fits almost perfectly in the end of a 1/4" length of pipe. Perfectly enough to fire the round downrange, anyway.

      Pretty sure a 12 ga. shell fits into a 1/2" pipe the same way...

      Regardless, the point remains the same: anyone with at least half a brain could build a basic projectile weapon with less than $30 worth of stuff from the hardware store.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    5. Re:No parts list? by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      You'll note the optional 'chamber reamer' on the list. The rim sits on the edge of the pipe, reamed or filed out to fit. If you recess it, it becomes more difficult to make the firing pin work.

      The cap on the end of the pipe has worked for zip guns for about a century. It's not my design. Another traditional hammer is a pinball machine ball launcher with a firing pin on the end.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  11. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

    How is it "quite clear"? He clearly does say to let the people have weapons, and attempt to depose a tyrant, even if they are wrong about the tyrant.

    I just read the page you referenced, and don't see the argument you are attempting to make.

    --
    If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
  12. Disagree. by brunes69 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Disagree. The US got the first amendment right. And you got the second amendment wrong.

    Owning a firearm has nothing to do with essential personal freedoms or rights of the individual to exist in a free state. The only justification for it is to protect oneself from infringement on said freedoms, but that can just as easily be done through strong laws and a properly functioning government.

    Again, I would point to the US as the prime example of why the second amendment does absolutely nothing to help you secure any of your primary freedoms, since they are being violated ALL THE TIME by your government, but I don't see anyone successfully taking up arms against them.. and I find the concept that citizens with a few guns could hold their own against the american military-industrial complex a bit of a farce to begin with.

    All the second amendment gets your country is the highest per-capita gun violence rate in the western world. It hasn't gotten you anything else.

    1. Re:Disagree. by gfxguy · · Score: 1

      I understand your opinion; I completely disagree with it. Owning firearms is part of the reason we have the U.S. and it's bill of rights to begin with.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    2. Re:Disagree. by meerling · · Score: 2

      If "strong laws and a properly functioning government" are all it takes to prevent freedoms being trampled, there would be no governmental injustice in the world. Many nations with strong laws, a properly functioning government have fallen to corruption from within and changed to horrible places. This tends to continue until either the oppressors die without corrupt replacement, or are killed by rebels. It has happened so many times in history, even recent history, I have to wonder if you ever attended history class in school.

    3. Re:Disagree. by brunes69 · · Score: 1

      You have the US and it's bill of rights because in 1776 the majority of people didn't want to pay their taxes to England anymore. The american revolution had nothing to do with the second amendment at all.

    4. Re:Disagree. by gfxguy · · Score: 4, Informative

      Now you're just being disingenuous... I never said that's what the revolution was about, I said owning firearms is part of the reason we have the U.S. and the bill of rights to begin with. IOW, we wouldn't have won without them. And the founders of this country, noting that that was the case, codified the right, not just own, but to bear arms, in the bill of rights.

      --
      Stupid sexy Flanders.
    5. Re:Disagree. by geggam · · Score: 2

      So you slept through history I take it ?

    6. Re:Disagree. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Disagree. The US got the first amendment right. And you got the second amendment wrong.

      Owning a firearm has nothing to do with essential personal freedoms or rights of the individual to exist in a free state. The only justification for it is to protect oneself from infringement on said freedoms, but that can just as easily be done through strong laws and a properly functioning government.

      Again, I would point to the US as the prime example of why the second amendment does absolutely nothing to help you secure any of your primary freedoms, since they are being violated ALL THE TIME by your government, but I don't see anyone successfully taking up arms against them.. and I find the concept that citizens with a few guns could hold their own against the american military-industrial complex a bit of a farce to begin with.

      All the second amendment gets your country is the highest per-capita gun violence rate in the western world. It hasn't gotten you anything else.

      I lived in Europe for awhile and I saw this attitude a lot. In my experience you guys are really, really misunderstanding just how damned big the US is or the distances we travel between home and work. In so many places a police response is literally an hour or more away and we still have big and very wild animals here. Cougars (yes, fucking mountain lions) used to chase around our horses when I was kid. Portland still gets cougars coming down into the outskirts from time to time, I'll let you google how big Portland, OR is. And it's not just predators, Youtube is full of videos of deer and elk kicking peoples' asses, these animals can kill you and they often weigh several times what you do. Due to reintroduction wolves are again "a thing" around here and don't believe a lone wolf isn't aggressive toward humans, they have no pack and are often desperate, a starving or distressed animal is dangerous to everything around it.

      Aside from that, if you believe you can forcibly stop someone who has entered your home from harming your family then you believe that you can kill them to do so. I mean, it just follows, right? Well then, guns are pretty damned useful for that and again, the police are only 20 minutes from responding, you really think we should dial 911 and wait? Yeah, sorry, I will club, stab, or shoot someone trying to harm my family and I will sleep like a baby too. If that makes me a bad person in your eyes, well, I can live with that too.

    7. Re:Disagree. by pr0fessor · · Score: 4, Informative

      All the second amendment gets your country is the highest per-capita gun violence rate in the western world. It hasn't gotten you anything else.

      That may very well be true but you have to step back and look at the entire picture. It doesn't even make the top 10 {15 if you look at the pdf} leading causes of death and is ranked below Influenza and Pneumonia things we rarely even think twice about.

      http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastat...

    8. Re:Disagree. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sure, but back in 1776 people with rifles and pistols could organize and defeat the government. What relevance does that have today? How does it counter what the GP said about guns being useless against the modern U.S. government?

      Either you have to accept that the right to bear arms no longer serves its stated purpose (to defend the citizens from the government) or you have to argue that citizens should get F15s, tanks and maybe the odd nuke to maintain the balance.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    9. Re:Disagree. by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      Logical fallacy alert. Just because a strong laws and functional government doesn't perfectly preserve all freedoms doesn't mean that it isn't better than what the U.S. has. Clearly the crime rate is lower in many other countries without mass gun ownership, and they are just as free (if not more so in Europe, considering how the NSA 0wns all Americans and they can do sod all about it).

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    10. Re:Disagree. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      >All the second amendment gets your country is the highest per-capita gun violence rate in the western world. It hasn't gotten you anything else.

      Horsecrap.

      Somalia. Nigeria. South Africa.

      And if you *just* want to focus on North & South America...

      Mexico. Venezuela. Colombia.

    11. Re: Disagree. by Belegothmog · · Score: 1

      Owning a firearm has nothing to do with essential personal freedoms or rights of the individual to exist in a free state. The only justification for it is to protect oneself from infringement on said freedoms, but that can just as easily be done through strong laws and a properly functioning government.

      That is completely wrong. Individually owned firearms are used between 600,000 and 2 million times per year to protect their owners from a crime in progress. Their right to life and property in those cases were only preserved by owning that firearm and not by "strong laws and a properly functioning government." Owning a firearm, in additional to protecting against government tyranny, also helps preserve people's right to life.

      ... and I find the concept that citizens with a few guns could hold their own against the american military-industrial complex a bit of a farce to begin with.

      All the second amendment gets your country is the highest per-capita gun violence rate in the western world. It hasn't gotten you anything else.

      Apparently you have never read any history of the US in armed conflicts after WWII. The second amendment has little to do with our gun violence rate. There are other countries with higher per-capita firearm ownership which have much lower rates of firearm violence. The US has a violence problem due to many factors which are too difficult for Congress to address in easy sound bites. The fact that a portion of that violence uses firearms is incidental and not caused by the existence of the firearms.

    12. Re:Disagree. by misexistentialist · · Score: 1

      Again, I would point to the US as the prime example of why the second amendment does absolutely nothing to help you secure any of your primary freedoms, since they are being violated ALL THE TIME by your government, but I don't see anyone successfully taking up arms against them.. and I find the concept that citizens with a few guns could hold their own against the american military-industrial complex a bit of a farce to begin with.

      No doubt being disarmed will immediately produce an amazing expansion of freedom. The NSA workers will walk off the job with tears streaming from their eyes at our Christlike gentleness, Bloomberg will convert his entire 30 billion fortune into free apple pie for America, and the Reaper drones will longer identify us as targets but will instead think of helpful services they can perform for us like locating a lost cellphone.

    13. Re:Disagree. by RevDisk · · Score: 3, Informative

      Oddly, I have never heard a combat vet agreeing with that assessment. Never underestimate a lot of angry civilians with often homemade or virtually antique weapons. While it may (may, not certain) be possible to conquer such folks, it gets awfully expensive. Vietnam and Afghanistan are hardy examples. Saw examples of it in the Balkans. Hell, buddy of mine that spent time in Rwanda told me about mass combat with cheap PRC machetes.

      It's nearly cliche to say "Weapons don't win wars, people do". But there is more than a bit of truth in it. If weapons solely determined wars, history would be a very different place. Hell, if that was the case, pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine would not be stomping the ever lovin' hell out of the Ukrainian forces. That's actually a pretty good example of cheap, simple hand weapons taking down tanks and helicopter gunships.

    14. Re:Disagree. by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 1

      Well, I guess you really nailed it there. We should just disarm and trust the U.S. Federal Government to treat us well. After all, what could possibly go wrong? A government that doesn't fear its citizens? Eh, freedom is overrated anyway. It's better if we just all suck from the teat, like we were intended to do. And vote for one party, one-party government is the best. Slavery is freedom, ignorance is strength.

      --
      Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
    15. Re:Disagree. by Whorhay · · Score: 1

      I'm not really opposed to citizens being allowed to own such devices if they can safely maintain them without being a hazard to their neighbors.

      Regardless though the american people armed as they are would certainly be able to violently disassemble the government if enough of them decided to try. For examples just look at the bang up job the military managed to do in two foreign countries recently where every facility was built as a fortification. Here in the US, military bases are so weakly protected the idea of defending against more than a couple hundred armed people is laughable. Bases are also not capable of housing the military members and their families. Most installations rely entirely on external local communities to provide practically every resource. Even if you didn't have to worry about troop loyalty keeping enough of your forces together and maintaining communications between them past the initial 48 hours would require an unlikely set of miracles.

      Our military is only so mighty today because it has the support of the nation as a whole. We can organize, transport, and supply military activities all around the globe because the infrastructure in the US is secure.

    16. Re:Disagree. by RyuuzakiTetsuya · · Score: 1

      Technically, showing up with heavily armed militia men who had the strong desire to fire back sure as shit helped Cliven Bundy.

      But given that Cliven Bundy is a huge fraud, it's why we need to have vigilance with the Second Amendment and maybe either repeal it or amend it or work around it.

      --
      Non impediti ratione cogitationus.
    17. Re:Disagree. by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Sure, but back in 1776 people with rifles and pistols could organize and defeat the government. What relevance does that have today? How does it counter what the GP said about guns being useless against the modern U.S. government?

      The fact that, unlikely though it may be, if all the gun owners were to arm up and march on Washington, there's really fuck-all they could do to stop us... at least, not without murdering a solid third of the nation's tax and labor base.

      What I find funny is all the people of that mentality who also seem to think that soldiers are brainwashed drones that lack the capability for independent thought, and therefore would have no qualms about following orders to slaughter their own loved ones.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    18. Re:Disagree. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You can own an F15 (if you have the money), you can own a tank (the gun, and shells might be restricted but are not outright banned), a nuke is the only one where the law is clear that you cannot have fissile, weapons-grade, nuclear material (all sorts of other nuclear material are allowed with permits, and, conceivably, you could weaponize these items into the raw components of a nuclear warhead). Even the weapons-grade is a bit of a gray area in that there are companies (no, not individuals, and if we excuse the oligopoly, they are still distinct elements from the government) that produce the small reactors that rely on weapons-grade material to function (that are then used in nuclear submarines, aircraft carriers, etc) and are therefore allowed to by the government.

      This is really all beside the point, however given that your belief relies on the unstated assumption that the MIC will side with the government - some will, some won't and at the end of the day Amn. Snuffy and PFC Thickhead are much more likely to take up arms with the people than against the people. If there were all-out rebellion the military (and all the other more local organizations that are similarly armed, minus nukes) would likely become a liability to the government rather than an aid.

      And one more for good measure: the second amendment is a strong portion of our national defense. Any invading force would face not just the full force of the military (who at ~400k personnel would be spread quite thin given our immense borders) but the full force of every armed citizen (theoretically all non-felons).

    19. Re:Disagree. by kwbauer · · Score: 1

      The second amendment was about ones right to defend oneself against anyone or anything and to obtain food and to stand against tyranny (a form of protecting oneself).

      That said, the overwhelming majority of gun usage in the USA is for sporting purposes. I bet an honest comparison of rounds fired compared to violent uses (hunting is not a violent use) would show that the rate of illegitimate use is far higher (probably orders of magnitude) in Europe than in the States, simply because there is such an overwhelming amount of target shooting/plinking happening in the states.

    20. Re:Disagree. by Whorhay · · Score: 1

      Like I said though, bases in Afghanistan and Iraq are far more heavily fortified and protected than bases within the US. And the military simply does not have the resources to quickly and effectively defend those bases. Every military installation I've seen in the last decade has spent resources fortifying the gates a bit. But has largely ignored the miles of perimeter fencing. Even if the perimiter was well fortified most bases simply don't have the equipment you might need to defend it. Most of the armories I've seen had gear for maybe a few dozen troops.

      In the case that a base is actually too hard to take seiging it is perfectly acceptable. If all the bases are effectively seiged or overrun where exactly are you going to fly in the resources you need from? In the guerrilla wars of this century we've never had to fight an enemy that numbered more than in the thousands or tens of thousands, in countries of about 32 million each. In the USA you'd probably be facing millions of enemy combatants among a population of more than 320 million.

  13. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by TheCarp · · Score: 1

    I believe the confusion here is over the interpretation of "Let them take arms", which you seem to interpret as "let the government disarm people". Whereas, I, and I believe GP, thought "them" refered to the people, as in "let the people take arms". (notice "take arms" or "take up arms" is a common phrase for engaging in fighting)

    That makes more sense to me in context... as he seems to be extolling the virtue of occasional civil war.

    --
    "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
  14. Re:Irresponsible or The sky is falling...again... by Rrraou · · Score: 1

    Gun regulations set the boundaries for gun ownership. 3d printed or not is irrelevant. If you're allowed to own an unregistered gun then 3d printing is not the problem you need to solve. Japan has already arrested someone for owning printed guns. Why ? Because unregistered guns are illegal there. Problem solved. 3d printed versions of guns are allways going to be lousy alternatives to anything an established factory can make. Here and now, if 3d printed guns had been used in any of the recent school shootings, the bodycount would have been somewhere between 1 and zero as they're basically one shot zip guns that use low power ammo and have a high probability of blowing the fingers off your hand if you're stupid enough to try firing one. The real danger of 3d printed guns at this time is the possibility that curious kids will download the plans, print one, then have one blow up on them as they try to shoot cans in a parking lot. When I was a kid, I made Ninja stars out of electrical panel disks I got from the hardware store, nothing bad happened, but it could have. 5 years from now when home 3d printing has evolved, high res metal printers will still cost the price of a small car or the equivalent tools in a machine shop, and home printing will still be plastic, rubber or wax used to make various plastic parts or knick knacks.

  15. Tyranny by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    The second amendment was written by people who had just violently expelled a tyrannical government. The only plausible explanation is that they intended for the "militia", meaning all able bodied males, to be able to violently expel the government they were creating when it turned tyrannical.

    1. Re: Tyranny by TerryMathews · · Score: 2

      The Federalist papers disagree with you.

      History. Read some.

      --
      -- Terry
    2. Re: Tyranny by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Dude, you know he's not gonna. Goes against the narrative.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    3. Re: Tyranny by TerryMathews · · Score: 2

      So, change it. No one has once said that the Second Amendment shouldn't be changed if there's enough support.

      The problem is, both you and I know that banning guns is a minority position in this country, which is why the other side always tries to make an end-run around the Constitution - for shame.

      I'd love to see a conservative state like Texas pass a law that says you have to apply for a $200 tax stamp before you're allowed to have an abortion... Oh,the humanity!

      --
      -- Terry
    4. Re: Tyranny by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Doesn't matter. The Federalist Papers are not the law. Supposedly, the Constitution is.

    5. Re: Tyranny by TerryMathews · · Score: 1

      Incorrect. The sub discussion was whether the 2nd was intended to apply to militias specifically.

      The Federalist papers are very relevant to that conversation as they are the thoughts of one of the founders.

      --
      -- Terry
  16. It's a publicity stunt by Animats · · Score: 3, Informative

    This is just someone who wants attention. Guns with plastic barrels are junk, worse even than low-end Saturday Night Specials. You can get a cheap gun for under $100 in the US. (Yes, the Raven is a crappy gun, but it's still better than anything made on an extruder-type 3D printer.)

    This is not the cutting edge of weapons design. Guns with aimbots. are the cutting edge. Right now, they're expensive, around $10K, but they will get cheaper.

  17. The world doesn't need "people" like you by jp_831 · · Score: 1

    For stating that the NRA leadership is "terrorist", and that Cody Wilson should be jailed merely for creating and distributing certain schematics for 3D printers, you should be moderated down to minus one.

    Then you should be killed.

  18. Mod Parent Up by MillerHighLife21 · · Score: 1

    Mod Parent Up

    --
    "Don't teach a man to fish, feed yourself. He's a grown man. Fishing's not that hard." - Ron Swanson
  19. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by i+kan+reed · · Score: 1

    And while I respect TJ and the other drafters of the constitution, this was a mistake that didn't account for how badly revolution can go for tyranny instead. Revolution netted us Stalin, Mao, Gaddafi, the Islamic Republic, Bonaparte, and lots of other shitty dictators. It was a novel idea, but it turned out under, more pragmatic inspection, to be a bad idea.

  20. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by I'm+New+Around+Here · · Score: 1

    You obviously did not read the passage that ebusinessmedia1 linked to.

    Go read it, notice it mentions a rebellion after the revolution, and how it mattes that it was contained to only one state.

    Then come back and rewrite your argument.

    --
    If you think I voted for Trump because of this post, you're wrong. I voted for Dr. Jill Stein of the Green Party. Again.
  21. Debate about other objects is _older_ by Sloppy · · Score: 1

    No, it's about guns. Nobody's talking about other 3d printed objects yet.

    "Yet?" If anyone says this is a slippery slope and and some day we'll regret it, I'd have to flame 'em for having their tense wrong.

    Try printing a "circumvention device" or merely "manufacture, import, offer to the public, provide, or otherwise traffic" a model for one, and then tell the judge in the DMCA case, that it's allowed because it's not a gun.

    I bet with a little research, you could find decades or possibly even a century or two, of precedent for all sorts of restrictions on things that are far more innocuous than guns, and 3d printers are going to run into much of that stuff. Guns are really only a special case here, because we have an amendment that specifically prohibits the government from .. uh .. well, what they're not allowed to do is apparently rather debated, but one thing we all agree on, is that amendment really does use the word "arms." And we don't have any constitution-level law at all, that mentions the words "computer programs." ;-)

    You should expect interference of some kind, whenever there's any sort of advance in cheap anonymous unskilled creation. That's just how things work, always. I seriously don't know how anyone could possibly think we're only talking about the future of guns. Guns are so nothing within the overall economy.

    --
    As copyright owner of this comment, I authorize everyone to defeat any technological measure which limits access to it.
    1. Re: Debate about other objects is _older_ by ravenshrike · · Score: 1

      There are plenty of people who are debating 3d printing. Any business that sells small to medium cheap parts that they charge out the ass for is fucking ferries of thearts being scanned an people making their own

    2. Re: Debate about other objects is _older_ by Threni · · Score: 1

      I have no idea what you're trying to say here.

  22. Re:Oh noes! Skeery *GUNS*!!! by kwbauer · · Score: 1

    No, the tyrant to which Jefferson was referring was what our government could become if we aren't careful.

  23. Like Miles Dyson or Bolivar Trask by supermachoman · · Score: 1

    Only not nearly as smart. This guy is the kind of person you go back in time to stop, in order to prevent some future catastrophe.