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Is an Octopus Too Smart For Us To Eat?

An anonymous reader writes: The New Yorker is running a piece on the ethical dilemma we face when considering octopus intelligence alongside our willingness to eat them. "Octopus intelligence is well documented: they have been known to open jars, guard their unhatched eggs for months or even years, and demonstrate personalities. Most famously, they can blast a cloud of ink to throw off predators, but even more impressive is the masterfully complex camouflage employed by several members of Cephalopoda (a class that also includes squid and cuttlefish)." While humans eat animals ranging widely in mental faculties, the octopus remains one of the smartest ones we do consume. And unlike pigs, for example, their population is not dependent on humanity to survive. As our scientific understanding of intelligence grows, these ethical debates will only come into sharper focus. Where do we draw the line?

68 of 481 comments (clear)

  1. People by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Is where I draw the line..

    1. Re:People by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Don't be so quick dismissing tasty humans!
      They breed like rabbits and many are about as intelligent as an octopus.

    2. Re:People by khallow · · Score: 3, Insightful

      What makes "people" (by which I gather you mean humans) special so that you won't eat them? I see two possibilities. One, that you don't want to pick up the various parasites and diseases that a human can have. Second, that you might think that for whatever reasons it is better on principle to have a living human than a few tens of kilograms of protein.

      The latter is what provides the ethical argument for treating anything that we can consider "near" human as human for various purposes such as whether to eat them. If we're so considerate of ourselves that cannibalism is usually considered a grievous crime, then maybe we should be a bit more considerate of animals that approach us in intellect.

    3. Re:People by ugen · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Self-preservation. We are people, hence by social contract we (no longer) eat each other. That way each of us can feel safe that others will not consume him. We consider people who violate that rule criminals or insane and deal with them appropriately.

      There is no such social contract with animals. We can eat them and they, occasionally, eat humans too.

    4. Re:People by CreatureComfort · · Score: 2

      I have. It was yummy, if a bit stringy. But that's a common problem with free range animals. Now the retriever next door that's kept on a chain in the back yard and over fed shamelessly... I bet he'd be good eating.

      --
      "Unheard of means only it's undreamed of yet,
      Impossible means not yet done." ~~ Julia Ecklar
    5. Re:People by RJFerret · · Score: 5, Funny

      Although some aren't capable of opening jars.

    6. Re:People by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 3, Informative

      we are not carrion eaters

      Yes we are. There is a lot of evidence that ancient humans ate carrion. Even today, most meat is aged before it is sold, because humans prefer to taste a bit of a carrion tang. Fresh meat doesn't taste as good to us.

      Disclaimer: I am a vegetarian.

    7. Re:People by whoever57 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Face it: humans really are different from the other animals.

      Oh, really?

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    8. Re:People by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

      Sue: "That croc was going to eat me alive."

      Crocodile Dundee: "Well, I wouldn't hold that against him. Same thought crossed my mind once or twice."

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
    9. Re: People by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      Ugh. Not only not aged properly, but overcooked. Gross.

      The proper way to order a steak is "scare it with a flashlight", but only after it's been properly dry aged.

    10. Re:People by jythie · · Score: 2

      Yeah, but who counts as a person?

    11. Re:People by arth1 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Personally, if I saw human meat at the butchers, and it was properly inspected to be free of diseases and medication, I would not have any problem with it.

      i really don't understand taboos. I understand morality, and the need for us not to harm members of our herd, but if a healthy person dies in an accident, that's logically no different than a deer that's been shot.

      But taboos are hard to break. You won't even find horse meat in the US because it's taboo. The reasoning usually boils down to "it's a horse!", and it surely would be "It's a human!" too.

    12. Re:People by lorinc · · Score: 2

      Self-preservation. We are people, hence by social contract we (no longer) eat each other. That way each of us can feel safe that others will not consume him. We consider people who violate that rule criminals or insane and deal with them appropriately.

      There is no such social contract with animals. We can eat them and they, occasionally, eat humans too.

      This.

      You can even extend this to why we don't eat cats and dogs. Dog owners don't want their neighbors to eat their precious family pet, and nobody want such a mess in society. These are self preserving rules of our society, and not things based on some fancy individual reasoning. Note that in not so ancient time, people did eat dogs in most Europe, but that was before dogs were common pet.

    13. Re: People by O('_')O_Bush · · Score: 2

      Slashdot... where anon coward blatant religion-baiting gets +1 Informative

      --
      while(1) attack(People.Sandy);
    14. Re:People by ultranova · · Score: 2

      We are in the first world, so generally we can afford higher morales (not necessarily high morales).

      Not stealing food when you aren't hungry doesn't mean you have higher morality than someone who does because he's starving. The circumstances aren't even remotely the same, so the choices aren't comparable.

      --

      Forget magic. Any technology distinguishable from divine power is insufficiently advanced.

    15. Re:People by MenThal · · Score: 2

      The ethical implications are becoming a less of an issue; let us just print human hamburgers...

      http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08...

      Makes the term "Kobe beef" a bit ambigous though...

    16. Re:People by stabiesoft · · Score: 2

      You are restricting your viewpoint to limited countries. Certain asian countries still eat dogs and even transport it like we would livestock. If I remember right Thailand exports live dogs to Vietnam for consumption. In the US, most smart animal shelters carefully review who is adopting to make sure the adopter is not using the shelter as a meat supplier. I happen to be a dog lover and find it offensive, but I understand it is cultural. Much like I find Japan's slaughtering of dolphin to be cruel, but I don't care if people kill sharks. What we eat is based on local cultural norms. Think about how India feels about us eating cows for example.

    17. Re:People by JakeBurn · · Score: 3, Insightful

      While carrion technically is any decaying meat that is no longer inside of a living animal, its definition is certainly restricted when talking about carrion eaters,(scavengers). Decay is retarded in aged meats by not allowing natural agents in that would start the normal decay process. Otherwise all meat eaters would be classified as carrion eaters as the instant the chemical signals for life stop, the meat becomes carrion. And they don't age most beef to give it any sort of 'carrion tang' they do it to break down the callogenic fibers that hold the meat together and give it a less tough texture. Any noticeable flavor only comes long after the time limits they put on most meats you can buy in the USA. I used to hunt deer and spent extra money to have some of it aged, and unless you dry age for a long time the taste is pretty much the same as straight out of the animal. Only its lack of toughness is noticeable. That's also why you only find high end places, (that charge considerable amounts of money), selling anything with any sort of aged flavor.

    18. Re:People by Immerman · · Score: 2

      What makes you think murder is evidence against animal instinct? Lots of animals kill members of their own species - it's an extremely effective way to eliminate both personal threats and those genetic undesirables who might otherwise contaminate your downstream gene line. Also a pretty natural outcome of a fight serious enough that neither side is willing to back down.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    19. Re:People by Paul+server+guy · · Score: 2

      Um, you might want to take a look at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L... .
      Mrs. Vassilyev is said to have given birth to 69 whelps, and of course, there is Ismail Ibn Sharif who sired 860!

      --
      Your Moon, Your Mission, Get involved! http://www.openluna.org
    20. Re: People by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 3, Funny

      Slashdot... where anon coward blatant religion-baiting gets +1 Informative

      Damn right, that should have been modded insightful.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
  2. Clearly not... by Kenja · · Score: 4, Funny

    We eat them, and if they're so smart why don't they defend themselves?!

    --

    "Have you ever thought about just turning off the TV, sitting down with your kids, and hitting them?"
    1. Re:Clearly not... by Artifakt · · Score: 3, Funny

      Would you initaite interspecies contact with a species that wonders whether you go with white wine or red? Would you invade a world where the inhabitants are as likely to reach for a jar of brown sauce as a weapon? Omnivorism - keeping Earth first contact free for over 500,000 years.

      --
      Who is John Cabal?
    2. Re:Clearly not... by geoskd · · Score: 2

      Would you initaite interspecies contact with a species that wonders whether you go with white wine or red? Would you invade a world where the inhabitants are as likely to reach for a jar of brown sauce as a weapon?

      It'll be pretty obvious when any other species on this planet becomes advanced enough to be accepted as intelligent enough to warrant the same protections as society affords to humans. That species will be making their own tools. I can teach a cat to open a door. Beyond it being cute, it really doesn't require that much intelligence...

      --
      I wish I had a good sig, but all the good ones are copyrighted
  3. I don't know... by pesho · · Score: 2

    ... how does smart taste?

  4. Cloud of in ink == advanced intelligence? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    How is that different from a skunk spraying? Or millipedes, or the bombardier beetle?

  5. Its not about intelligence by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    its about cuteness.

    Dog & cats = too cute to eat

    cows & chickens = not so much

    rabbits & horses = somewhere in between

    Octopuses arent cute... so its okay to eat them.

    1. Re:Its not about intelligence by aevan · · Score: 4, Insightful

      They all get eaten when you're hungry. Necessity is a damned fine seasoning. Would that it were capable to experiment with a thousand PETA supporters, starve them and their families, their children... but offer them roasted dog meat for their hunger. Pretty sure convictions would be put aside for a majority. Cuteness, intelligence, whatever...they are still the 'them' to our 'us' in the end.

    2. Re: Its not about intelligence by Oonushi · · Score: 2

      Octopuses arent cute...

      Says you

    3. Re:Its not about intelligence by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 5, Informative

      Actually octopuses are cute, squids not so much, but still.
      You can play with them like with a young cat. And yes, they are smart enough to leave an aquarium, cause random trouble and climb back in.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    4. Re:Its not about intelligence by aevan · · Score: 2

      I'm saying that in some cultures that had food issues, and may still have food issues, that which can be used and consumed will be used and consumed. Wasn't that how why got dogs in the first place? Protection, hunting, work, and in a pinch, rations. It's only when you suddenly have abundance that you can start being subjectively selective. When you then start trumping up artificial boundary conditions on what is acceptable and not, you have absolutely no place to admonish those whose culture didn't suddenly decide that it's not ethically edible but instead selected other things as their 'sacred cow'. Especially when those convictions are ONLY because you can afford not to, and will be sacrificed the moment it's not convenient.

      Don't often hear about sea kittens at a coastal city, or farming vegans...it's more young urbanites for whom the only exposure to an animal is the family pet, and their 'hunting gathering' is limited to supermarket sales.

      Buuut if you want to believe we can turn all of the poorer parts of asian, south american, africa, and even our own less affluent areas into pill-supplement-popping balanced vegan dieters...by all means continue to think that. Personally I see no real difference in eating horse, cow, pig, whale, dog or rabbit (that said, I don't eat any of the previous). Now if you want to argue ethics in raising said creatures, methods to kill, etc...then yes, I'll say we have room for improvement there (vastly in some cases).

      As for the biology lesson, I'd imagine we'd have evolved a different dental structure, a different digestive system (one more optimised) and wouldn't have to actually plan out our diet so exotically if we were meant to be plant-only. No other animal that I'm aware of would need a laundry list of things to stay healthy on a vegan diet. Herbivores could continually graze on local flora, carnivores opportunistically hunt local fauna. Guess that leaves omnivores for us...

    5. Re:Its not about intelligence by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Starvation will also drive people to steal, murder, and renege on any oath. As such, a vegetarian's willingness to eat meat when starving is just evidence that the survival instinct will override any moral sensibility, not that deep down inside all vegetarians are really hypocrites.

      So, we should not base laws on what people do when they are starving, but rather on what we think people should do when they are not starving. The fact that a starving person will eat an octopus is no argument for keeping that activity legal.

      The real test of a person's moral backbone is a test of complete freedom...when necessity does not bind one's hand, and consequences are a non-sequitur, then we see what a person is really made of.
       

  6. Should lions stop eating us by future+assassin · · Score: 2, Funny

    After all were smart, were hot and where the party of the planet.

    --
    by TheSpoom (715771) Uncaring Linux user here. I have nothing to add to this but please continue. *munches popcorn*
    1. Re:Should lions stop eating us by OzPeter · · Score: 5, Funny

      After all were smart, were hot and where the party of the planet.

      Oh the irony

      --
      I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
  7. Where do we put the line? by NReitzel · · Score: 5, Funny

    In front of the sushi bar, of course.

    --

    Don't take life too seriously; it isn't permanent.

    1. Re:Where do we put the line? by Bobtree · · Score: 2

      I am reminded of this classic New Yorker cartoon caption contest winner:
      http://personalshoplifter.com/...

  8. I would not advise that. by denzacar · · Score: 2

    You never know where that idiot has been and what he got himself/herself into.

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
  9. Vegetarian by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    As a vegetarian I find the whole debate about which animals people should eat and why both amusing and slightly disturbing.

    1. Re: Vegetarian by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Hey guys I found the vegetarian.

    2. Re: Vegetarian by Mr.+Shotgun · · Score: 4, Funny

      Q:How do you know if someone is a vegetarian?
      A: Don't worry, they'll tell you.

      --
      Of all tyrannies, a tyranny sincerely exercised for the (supposed) good of its victims may be the most oppressive
  10. For me? yes. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    They're one of the few species i dont eat on purely ethical grounds. Cats and dogs I wouldn't eat on nutritional grounds, or other higher-order predators for that matter, but I guess that could be argued to be another sort of ethical reasoning.

    A few years ago I saw a YouTube clip of a scuba diver whose camera was literally stolen by the octopus he was filming, who then proceeded to taunt the diver and make him give chase to wrest it back from the cephalopod. Holy shit! I thought, that sea creature is trolling this guy! And with that i decided i would no longer eat them. "Ability to troll" may not be a very scientific (or very high for that matter) bar I guess, but it apparently is mine. YMMV. Damn shame too, as i used to love eating them.

  11. Re:Pigs are dependent on humanity? by denzacar · · Score: 3, Informative

    You mean like buffalo and wild boar?
    I'm guessing somewhere between plenty and a hell of a lot.

    The key word is "dependent". Panda is dependent on humans to survive. Pigs... nope.

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
  12. Pigs don't really need us... by Biogoly · · Score: 3, Informative

    "And unlike pigs, for example, their population is not dependent on humanity to survive." As the epidemic of destructive feral pigs around the world demonstrates, pigs born in human captivity unfortunately have no problem surviving on their own.

  13. evens out by will_die · · Score: 5, Funny

    Just eat with a marinara sauce and the stupidity of the tomato will even it out.

  14. No eating of species capable of tool use. by He+Who+Has+No+Name · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Simple rule. Never broke it.

    ...Would have liked to put wasabi garnish on the seashells.

    1. Re:No eating of species capable of tool use. by will_die · · Score: 3, Informative
    2. Re:No eating of species capable of tool use. by He+Who+Has+No+Name · · Score: 2

      Misunderstand. Don't eat octopus. Uses tools. Also, aquatic lineage raises risk of being distant cousin. Bad for family gatherings.

  15. A Smart? by denzacar · · Score: 2

    I'm guessing it tastes much like a bicycle.

    --
    Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens
  16. Re:the camoflauge is bullshit too by Dutchmaan · · Score: 2

    How about the kind of camouflage of the mimic octopus where they literally take on the shapes of other animals... Not so "low level" if you ask me.

  17. Re:Yes by SuricouRaven · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Their neural anatomy is also radically different from us vertebrates. That makes comparisons almost meaningless.

    Their brain is a toroid. The esophagus goes through the hole in the middle. Mollusks are weird.

  18. Re:Yes by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Actually, they have changed their breeding habits in response to human intervention in the environment. They used to just breed, then die. Now some females live long enough to shepherd their young, passing on information to the next generation. Speculation is that humans have altered their environment sufficiently that this is now an evolutionary advantage, rather than putting all their energy into breeding tons of the next generation, which was the previous optimal survival strategy.

    Lab experiments have shown that they can measure things, and that they can learn by watching another octopus do something ONCE (gee, wish we were as good).

    Does this mean that they're too intelligent to eat? Perhaps the solution is to cross them with chickens - then everyone gets a drumstick.

    --
    "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
  19. Re:The rest of the conversation ... by PopeRatzo · · Score: 5, Funny

    ... what about bush meat?

    If it's trimmed nicely, I don't mind.

    Wait, are we talking about the same thing?

    --
    You are welcome on my lawn.
  20. Re:Yes by gbjbaanb · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I recall an article about a aquarium that had a big tank of cuttlefish installed. Then every night one cuttlefish would disappear and no-one could figure out who'd come and steal cuttllefish, so they stuck some night-vision camera in and waited.

    An octopus in a tank across the walkway would pop out the top of its tank, shimmy across the floor, up the side of the cuttlefish tank, grab one, eat it and then retreat back to its tank. I figure anything that figure out that its human keepers had put a fresh source of food for it across the hall is intelligent enough to not be eaten. Incidentally octopi are intelligent enough to take the trapped crabs and lobster from traps.

    but hey, human eat fucking everything, destroying the environment it lives in as we all know nothing is more important than our bellies, and the profits made from selling it for other people's bellies.

  21. Most animals? by tlambert · · Score: 3, Informative

    Social contract? What a load of crap. Most animals do not eat member of their own species. Do you you think it's because they also have a "social contract"?

    I think you have never owned chickens, gerbils, rats, mice, hamsters, and never read about sand tiger sharks, polar bears, spiders, parasitic wasps, or tiger salamanders.

    All of the listed animals eat their young. I guess the ones that get eaten don't have opportunity to sue for "breach of social contract"...

    1. Re:Most animals? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

      "Male chimpanzees at the Gombe National Park were twice seen to attack 'stranger' females and seize their infants. One infant was then killed and partially eaten: the other was 'rescued' and carried by three different males. Once several males were found eating a freshly killed 'stranger' infant. A similar event was observed in Uganda by Dr. Suzuki and Dr. Nishida reports an incident from the Mahali Mountains, Tanzania. A different kind of killing occurred at Gombe when a female and her daughter killed and ate three infants of other females of the same community during a 2-year period. There is evidence suggesting that other infants may have died in this way. The paper draws attention to puzzling aspects of infant killing and cannibalism in chimpanzees."
      http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/...

    2. Re:Most animals? by Oligonicella · · Score: 4, Informative

      This subthread is really about eating their own species. Chimps have been observed doing so and it's common knowledge that lions will kill and eat offspring that isn't theirs. Just killed (wah) your first two points.

      But to continue: wolves will, polar bears have been photographed doing so and brown bears will. We've now covered four main groups of large land mammals.

      It is very common in fish, most all carnivorous insects will and has been mentioned, birds will, although it's usually the squab that gets it.

      To quote wikipedia "Cannibalism is a common ecological interaction in the animal kingdom and has been recorded for more than 1500 species." In other words, many species absolutely will kill/eat their own.

    3. Re:Most animals? by Zeek40 · · Score: 2

      Yeah, most of the species that have never been observed participating in cannibalism are what we call "herbivores". There is no such "evolutionary institutional element" not to eat your own kind. When leadership changes in most carnivorous pack animals, the previous alpha's offspring are usually killed and eaten. That's an evolutionary instinct to eat your own kind that actually passes itself on by reducing genomic competition.

    4. Re:Most animals? by Immerman · · Score: 2

      Perhaps not. But the fact that pretty much every culture on Earth is descended from cannibals if you trace their history back far enough suggests that it might be. Anti-cannibalism seems to be a cultural thing and, like monogamy and not shitting wherever you happen to be standing, is probably an adaptation to the pressures of building a stable high-density population, aka "civilization". That is to say it's a social technology adaptation, rather than a genetic one.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  22. They *do* defend themselves! by tlambert · · Score: 2

    We eat them, and if they're so smart why don't they defend themselves?!

    They *do* defend themselves!

    They open sacrificial jars of food for us to eat instead!

  23. Re:Anything that can be caught or farmed... by cmeans · · Score: 2

    No, I was including humans, and aliens. We're just intelligent meat. Maybe some aliens are intelligent pudding.

  24. Lifeboat Sketch by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    As a naval officer I abhor the implication that the Royal Navy is a haven for cannibalism. It is well known that we have the problem relatively under control, and that it is the R.A.F. who now suffer the largest casualties in this area. And what do you think the Argylls ate in Aden? Arabs?

    Yours etc. Captain B.J. Smethwick in a white wine sauce with shallots, mushrooms and garlic.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  25. I heretofor vow... by Dahamma · · Score: 3, Insightful

    ...not to eat any animal that specifically asks me not to.

  26. Re:Yes by brianerst · · Score: 3, Informative

    I wouldn't necessarily rank whales higher (or lower) than octopi. As we've learned from corvids (crows, jays, ravens), absolute brain size and organization isn't a particularly good indicator of intelligence. Crows (who have brains the size of a large peanut) score very similarly to great apes.

  27. Re:Yes by TomGreenhaw · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I totally agree - crows blow my mind. They have complex language, tool use and family units similar to ours.

    My opinion about whales was based upon an experience I had several years ago in Maui. A baby whale and then mother slowly came out of the water 6 feet away from our boat and I looked those whales in the eye. There was obvious curiosity and intelligence there.

    Its hard to imagine eating something like that. It for me borders on cannibalism.

    --
    Greed is the root of all evil.
  28. We empathize with that which is like us by Beeftopia · · Score: 3, Interesting

    We empathize with that which we perceive to be like us. People who look and act like me from my tribe? The halest, heartiest of the bunch, worthy of respect and honor. People who don't look like me but act like me... still, hearty mates. Animals which have emotions like me? Puppies, dogs, cats? Can't hurt them. Chickens? Well... they seem to be pretty different. They're okay to eat. Cows. Wow they're dumb and utterly unlike me - they're okay to kill. Fish? Utterly unlike me. No question, okay to kill. Octopi... wait, you're telling me they're like me? Hmmm, let me consider this.

  29. Re:Yes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I can't find the study on it, but I swear I read an article about how octopuses don't just learn through observation, but have actually been found to teach each other things.

    Doing the classic jar opening trick, they will take two octopuses that have never seen a jar before. Out of view of each other, they'll give Octo #1 a jar and wait until he learns how to open it. Then, they'll put him in a pool with Octo #2, separated by glass, and give him a jar. Octo #2 manages to open it twice as fast. Meaning that somehow the first octopus has noticed what the second one is doing and then instructed him about what needs to be done.

  30. Re:Yes by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 2
    I believe I saw that on "The Nature of Things" (Dr. David Suzuki). Aliens of the Deep Sea

    Intelligent octopus? Scientists are testing the brain-power of the mysterious and mythic octopus.

    --
    "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
  31. Wait, can you clarify? by tlambert · · Score: 2

    In the US, most smart animal shelters carefully review who is adopting to make sure the adopter is not using the shelter as a meat supplier. I happen to be a dog lover and find it offensive, but I understand it is cultural.

    Wait, can you clarify?

    Which kind of dog lover are you?

    Do you find it offensive that people eat dogs, or do you find it offensive that animal shelters prevent themselves from being used as suppliers?