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NPR: '80s Ads Are Responsible For the Lack of Women Coders

gollum123 writes: Back in the day, computer science was as legitimate a career path for women as medicine, law, or science. But in 1984, the number of women majoring in computing-related subjects began to fall, and the percentage of women is now significantly lower in CS than in those other fields. NPR's Planet Money sought to answer a simple question: Why? According to the show's experts, computers were advertised as a "boy's toy." This, combined with early '80s geek culture staples like the book Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution, as well as movies like War Games and Weird Science, conspired to instill the perception that computers were primarily for men.

36 of 786 comments (clear)

  1. All the movies had women in business by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As I recall, it was more that, in movies and TV, women found romance working in business, and rarely in computing.

    Computing meant anti-social. Business meant meeting attractive men in business suits with lots of money and power.

    Geeks only had time travel in bad looking vans.

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    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    1. Re:All the movies had women in business by xtal · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Computing IS anti social!

      You get good at programming by staring at a screen and figuring things out. For thousands, and thousands, and thousands of hours. There is no getting around that fact.

      The more complicated it gets, the more "anti social" it is. What does that mean anyway? Do we all need to sit around and code by committee?

      --
      ..don't panic
    2. Re:All the movies had women in business by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Computing IS anti social!

      Not before the 1980s.

      You get good at programming by staring at a screen and figuring things out.

      In the 1970s, you got good at programming in a big noisy room full of other coders, reading over each others printouts, and then modifying your card deck, before submitting it to the operator at the window to the machine room. Then you sit around and socialize while you wait for your job to run. It was a very social activity.

      Then personal computers came along, and all that changed. Coding became an isolated activity that you did in a cubicle, or in a bedroom at 2am. Computer screens were harder for collaboration than paper printouts. Fast compilers left no time for socializing.

    3. Re:All the movies had women in business by phantomfive · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Computing IS anti social!

      You have no idea how much I wish that were true. For me, it would be a perk.

      Instead, I spend plenty of time in meetings, coordinating with fellow programmers, working through issues like their code sucks (and for some reason I can't figure out, they think my code sucks), strange emotional attachments they feel towards Visual Studio (even though it costs over $10000 for the full version). And that's only fellow programmers......figuring out what customers, management, vendors all want is another issue (and it's important).

      I just want to sit down, get my job done. Let me program. Instead I end up talking to a bunch of people.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    4. Re:All the movies had women in business by Aighearach · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Actually you underscore the lack of socialization during programming. Your attempted counter example shows your social meter is differently calibrated than average people. You accept a very tiny bit of edge dialogue as a replacement for continued socialization all day in typical office jobs.

      The loner might not be a hermit in the mountains, it doesn't change that the job is primarily solitary, even when coordinating with a large team.

  2. Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by ShaunC · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The only thing responsible for a "lack of women coders" is that fewer women than men are interested in software development as a career path. So what? I have yet to hear a convincing argument as to why this is a problem, why this is something to be concerned about, or why millions of dollars are being thrown around in an attempt to change the situation.

    --
    Thanks to the War on Drugs, it's easier to buy meth than it is to buy cold medicine!
    1. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by i+kan+reed · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's a problem because it's clearly fucking systemic, and caused by social factors.

      It's not just "fewer women that men" enter the career.

      It's that "fewer women than used to, where every other intensely technical field has had the opposite trend"(this article)
      It's that People are more likely to pick men for mathematical tests that both genders are proven to do equally well on, even when in the test cases where the specific women are known to outperform the specific men
      It's that sexism is actually cited by women leaving the field
      It's that gender based social norms enforced on children clearly influence their likliehood to enter a sex-typical field

      These aren't just whatever, "it's just people making choices". It's clearly social and political influence.

    2. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by alexander_686 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Coders (well, STEM jobs in general) will build the future. The more coders that we have the faster we will reach a bright future.

      We are discouraging large chunks of people who have the intelligence to train as coders, thus our future is dimmer.

      While I have not read the article, I suspect the article is being too simplistic. Culture is pushing away girls (As Barbie says, "Math is hard!") to woman. Most women pick careers that are "family friendly" or offers a good life / work balance.

    3. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative
    4. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by unimacs · · Score: 4, Interesting

      As a person who hires coders, having so few women in the field limits the pool of good candidates. As a parent, I don't want my daughter steered away from a career that might be a rewarding one for her.

    5. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by pla · · Score: 5, Insightful

      These aren't just whatever, "it's just people making choices". It's clearly social and political influence.

      We "clearly socially and politically influence" people to hold down a job, not smoke, refrain from promiscuous sexual behavior, and a wide variety of other behaviors.

      And yet - We all still have the right to live under a bridge, smoke, fuck anything that moves, yadda yadda yadda.

      When women want to go into tech and can't, we have a problem. When women don't want to go into tech... Hey, start your own marketing campaign like Google has done, but lose the guilt-tripping SJW faux indignation BS.

      Thanks.

    6. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by nctritech · · Score: 4, Informative

      There is no excuse for this being modded down Troll, especially sinec i kan reed's three-link reference post is Informative. Agenda execution detected.

    7. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by jklovanc · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's that "fewer women than used to, where every other intensely technical field has had the opposite trend"

      By lumping all physical sciences together the graph hides a lot of information. Here is a much more detailed graph. Notice that bachelors for females has declined in almost all fields.

      It's that People are more likely to pick men for mathematical tests that both genders are proven to do equally well on, even when in the test cases where the specific women are known to outperform the specific men

      The bias is attributed to the fact that men brag more. Maybe bragging is seen as a measure of confidence.

      It's that sexism is actually cited by women leaving the field

      You didn't read the study you quoted. Here is a quote from the abstract;

      The evidence points to the existence of a “scar effect” of previous work in the female field, which hinders women's opportunities in the male sector and ends up increasing the likelihood of exit.

      The study is about "scars" from work in a female dominated job effecting the next, male dominated, job. It has nothing to do with sexism in the male dominated job.

      It's that gender based social norms enforced on children clearly influence their likliehood to enter a sex-typical field

      Yet another misinterpretation.

      Motivation and self-esteem help girls aim higher in the occupational ladder, which automatically reduces their levels of sex-typicality. For boys, however, self-esteem reduces sex-typicality at all levels of the aspired occupational distribution.

      Why do girls need to be motivated but not boys.

    8. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by nctritech · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Your post already provided the necessary context and the links in that post are references that refute what you've said. Declaring that it's not valid or is "a crappy post" doesn't make it so.

    9. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by ray-auch · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It is because women are smarter than men, and are making more informed career choices.

      Back in the days of punched cards and computers the size of a whole data centre now, and memory that didn't got away when the power went off (yeah, I know, that one's come around again now), programming was a 9-5 family friendly (as much as any job was) day job. Programmers and operators were often women (my mother was one), if not mostly women - seriously, just do a google images search for "mainframe operator 1960s" (just for one example), those images reflect the number of women working with computers that you'll see in printed material from that era too.

      Somewhere around the 80's - 90's with the personal computer revolution, and gaming, and continuing with the dotcom boom, programming turned into an aggressive deadline-driven first-to-market ship-it-yesterday career, with a long-hours work-till-it's-done culture that spread from startups out to entire parts of the industry (see gaming...). And the women stopped coming.

      To pick a couple of other industries / careers I have some (UK based) knowledge of: in roughly the same time scale, in medical and veterinary, professionals went from being on-call all-hours (junior doctors infamously worked a standard 120hr week) to having out-of-hours contracted out and on-call hours counted into the limits under EU working time directive. Every programming job I've had has required me to opt out of the working time directive, but doctors don't. Now take a guess on two professional careers in the UK which are (or soon will be) majority female... medical (doctors) and veterinary. That is where all the smart women went, and if you want to know why just look at the culture changes in those professions and in programming.

    10. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It's a problem because it's clearly fucking systemic, and caused by social factors.

      Can you now spout off some more righteous anger about that fact that male veterinarians are rapidly becoming extinct? I'll wait for your answer. Are young men being kept away from the field by social pressure and estrogen fueled sexual harassing female vets? Or is that just the way it needs to be because women are better than men?

      Equate the two situations, is your challenge.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    11. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      >Why do girls need to be motivated but not boys.

      In STEM? Maybe because society (in the US, anyway) spends a lot of time, directly and indirectly, telling women they aren't cut out for this kind of work and should focus on being "hot" and be quiet? Remember the furor a few years ago when Mattel released a talking Barbie which said, "Math is hard!"?

      Women get pushed around a lot in our culture, overtly and covertly, and many people (mostly men) are only comfortable when women are in very limited pigeonholes. Things are better since the entrance of feminism (really, it's humanism: the idea that women should be treated as people) into our culture since the 1960/70s, but it's still a problem. If you don't see that, and don't see how that is a big part of lack of women in CS specifically and STEM generally, then either you are a) stupid b) intentionally obtuse or c) blinded by your neurosis about women.

      I got raised by smart, educated, strong-willed women (mom, aunts, great aunts, godmother) who had professional lives in the 50s and 60s when that was rare. I see what women can do, and I also see how much women today STILL have to fight just to get listened to in a meeting, let alone how they have to be able to put up with a myriad of small indignities.

    12. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by alexander_686 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Let's extend your argument and look at doctors. What if we cut the number of admissions to medical colleges by 1/2? By reducing the number of doctors we could boost the wages of all doctors! Wouldn’t' that be great? Would that not make our future brighter?

      Probably not.

      You are talking the same position as the old guild members, fighting to keep their privileged position as more productive factories raise productivity and living standards for everybody. I mean it is great that you beat everybody else in the great land rush, but I don't think you should close the gate behind you. I am not even sure you can as I look at India, China, etc. Give them 25 years. Don't focus on short term gain but on long term greed. You will benefit more from vibrant economy than a stagnant one.

    13. Re:Can we stop trying to come up with a reason? by bmajik · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Well, I'd say "fewer men should die" if I were going to make that statement.

      It turns out, actually, that certain jobs are dangerous and unpleasant, and men seem to self-select for these jobs more often than do females.

      There are a number of interesting possible explanations for this, but none of them are terribly surprising unless you've thought for most of your conscious life that the two genders are truly and completely identical, and any differences are only the result of social conditioning.

      Of course, this is absurd.

      Biologically, men are expendable and women are not. Biologically, the humans of today come from a narrower range of paternal ancestors, because human breeding was selective. Men who had power, prowess, ambition, and ruthlessness passed on their genes AND shaped the socities that men and women lived in.

      In considering distributions of male size, strength, intelligence, and so on, the distributions are wider than when considering females. The smartest men appear to be much smarter than the smartest women; the dumbest men appear to be much dumber than the dumbest women.

      Males simply have higher expressed variability.

      Men need less sleep than women; men are not as attuned to empathy as are women; men engage in much riskier behavior than do women, and their neural reward and risk center works differently than it does in women.

      You can continue to pretend that gender is a social construct, or that male and female distributions and outcomes should be identical, but here on the real world, they aren't and they won't be.

      In the event that any public entity (e.g. a government) has a policy that would prevent an individual woman from doing some job merely on account of her being a woman, we should repeal that policy.

      In the event that any private entity (e.g. a business) has a policy that would prevent an individual woman from doing some job merely on account of her being a woman, we should think that business owner is a jerk.

      Individuals in a free society should be free to do as they like.

      But what we should stop assuming is that men and women are interchangeable and will have broadly identical social preferences and outcomes.

      They won't, and that's not because anything is standing in their way. They're just different.

      By Nature.

      --
      My opinions are my own, and do not necessarily represent those of my employer.
  3. Maybe it's learning style? by digsbo · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Men started to outpace women at an accelerated rate when the highly personal learning style of "having a pc to play on" became an option. Given that we see more and more of an imbalance in favor of women in group learning environments (college and even moreso in graduate programs), maybe this is just something very obvious, and a good thing for men, as men can excel in solitary study which they can tailor to their own interests and pace. As my wife, a school psychologist said, girls tend to learn better in groups, and don't typically like to work in competitive/solo situations given the choice, whereas boys often do. I'll take the advantage on this one, gladly.

    1. Re:Maybe it's learning style? by greywire · · Score: 5, Insightful

      If we're looking for a reason, I think this is the best one I've heard so far.

      The thing about the media being the cause I think is wrong, that was just an effect.

      The cause I think is spot on, that males are competitive and in general more solitary (damn that testosterone), and females are more apt to be concerned with social aspects. In the late 70's and 80s computers became much more accessible to those competitive loners (nerd stereotyping here).

      Which is to say, its not that females can't do it, or that males are better at it (insert whatever you want for it), its just that they are quite possibly just not interested as much. Before the advent of Personal Computers, computing was mostly prevalent in an academic setting, which is more social..

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      -- Senior Software Engineer, Attorney appearance services, locallawyerapp.com.
  4. Toys vs tools by paiute · · Score: 4, Interesting

    When computers were viewed as toys, it was acceptable for girls to have them. Once they became tools, however, they were only for boys.

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    If Slashdot were chemistry it would look like this:Cadaverine
  5. Enough with the concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    FFS, enough with the concern trolling. We get it, there isn't a 50/50 ratio of men and women in tech.

    I fail to see why we have to try and forcibly "fix" that and can't just accept that women, for whatever reason, don't want to go into tech.

    You don't see anyone complaining about the lack of men in nursing or as elementary school teachers or the lack of women garbage collectors. Stop whining about the same thing in tech.

  6. not the same by Kkloe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    the thing is that computer science was transformed to during the 80's and not the same thing it was before

    previous discussion about this
    http://slashdot.org/comments.p...

  7. Oh bullshit by NotDrWho · · Score: 5, Funny

    If 80's pop culture had that much lasting influence, every college student would still be majoring in kicking commie ass and breakdancing.

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    SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.
  8. Boy toy by goombah99 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Madonna wore a Boy Toy tee shirt. Does this explain the lack of female pop singers today?

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
    1. Re:Boy toy by AmiMoJo · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Oh stop playing the victim. This is bullshit and you know it. It's a straw feminist argument, backed up by a few screaming morons on the internet who either say or claim to have been told these things. It's in no way the mainstream view.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    2. Re:Boy toy by mjm1231 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There are cognitive differences between any two men you might select too. To what grouping will you attribute those?

      There are also many cognitive tasks where the range of difference within a gender is greater than the range of difference between genders. Given that, in what way is it useful to attribute difference to gender (or other grouping, for that matter)?

      --
      Ideology: A tool used primarily to avoid the bother of thinking.
  9. No it was Apple in 1984 by Spy+Handler · · Score: 5, Funny

    the computer establishment was shown as Big Brother and all the tech workers were depicted as mindless slaves. All shown in dull black and white footage.

    Then comes running a feisty young woman in colorful athletic clothes. She hurls a hammer and destroys the system. Lesson: girls hate computers and break them!

  10. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by NotDrWho · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's the SJW ninnies that are trying to pretend that nerds are the perpetrators here when they are generally powerless and denigrated.

    I find the idea that nerds would ever chase off women particularly amusing. Hell, most of us would KILL to have women around. If women are electing to not pursue the field, it's certainly not because they're unwelcome. On every team that I've ever been on with women, the guys went out of their way to be nice to them.

    --
    SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.
  11. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by halivar · · Score: 5, Funny

    It might be that they are intimidated by my stylish wardrobe furnished by TJ Max.

  12. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That might be the same article that mentioned that Cosmo used to push the idea of women programmers. Do they still do that or did they stop doing that in the 80's.

    It's the SJW ninnies that are trying to pretend that nerds are the perpetrators here when they are generally powerless and denigrated.

    Nerds are the tail end of the problem. You're expecting them to wag the dog when it's the greeks and the jocks that control all of the really relevant media outlets.

    I wonder what this portends for the future of programming.

    Because if young women are turned away, indeed discouraged by anything not completely positive, it means that Programming and all of the other Tch type careers will have to be completely revamped.

    Case in point, I went for a tech career. I wanted it, and I gave not a flying fig what anyone thought about whether it was cool, socially uplifting, or fashionable. I was not in any way shape or form discouraged by my meekness, nor the portrayals of tech people on Television

    All of the females I worked felt exactly the same way.

    All of the males I worked with felt exactly the same way.

    And we worked hard, put in a lot of hours because that is what we wanted to do. And we did it.

    Now it appears, that we must change. We must adapt our requirements toward people who are easily swayed out of this carreer path. We must, in the name of equal representation, educate and employ people who are highly susceptable to social approval by others.

    Hey - we'll need good luck with that. I've always said that the only way to get gender balance will be to force young women into Tech jobs.

    Or perhaps Tech isn't a job for everyone?

    --
    The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
  13. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by NotDrWho · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Well, that's unfortunate. Because, try as I might, I've yet to find a way to make my team more attractive. I guess I could hire some male models, but they generally make pretty shitty coders.

    --
    SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.
  14. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by shadowrat · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It's the SJW ninnies that are trying to pretend that nerds are the perpetrators here when they are generally powerless and denigrated.

    I find the idea that nerds would ever chase off women particularly amusing. Hell, most of us would KILL to have women around. If women are electing to not pursue the field, it's certainly not because they're unwelcome. On every team that I've ever been on with women, the guys went out of their way to be nice to them.

    If you listen to the NPR segment, they have a couple of women who were former compsci majors give accounts of how the men in their classes denigrated them and mocked them for missing some knowledge. I'm not certain it's motivated by a "no girls allowed" attitude. I think there's a broader culture of elitism in compsci that motivates people to try to bolster their own egos by jumping on perceived weaknesses in others.

    It's important to note that to focus of the segment was on university compsci courses in the 80s, not women who get employed on professional teams. Generally people are a bit more mature in the workforce (generally). These are 18-22 year old males. They likely were a bit ostracized as nerdy in high school. I think they just get overzealous once they find themselves in a world where athletic prowess is no longer the ultimate display of dominance. they make bad decisions.

    They might even be simply showing off. I think i've tried to impress nerd girls the wrong way. Where i thought i was communicating, "hey look at how good i am at this!", i really was saying, "OMG YOU ARE A STUPID GIRL". I certainly wasn't very good at communicating with women in my late teens and early 20s. i'm only marginally better at it 20 years later.

  15. Re:What? by serviscope_minor · · Score: 4, Insightful

    No, perhaps you should learn to read, or perhaps learn to ont read things which aren't there. But ayway your "argument", that is more or less:

    feminism is anti feminism because it implies women are weak and therefore we shouldn't actually be doing anything

    is crap. Women are human. Humans are herding creatures and on the whole hate being the odd one out. Therefore a big gender imbalance is offputting.

    Does that mean humans are weak? Possibly. Does that matter? No, not really.

    --
    SJW n. One who posts facts.
  16. Re:1..2..3 before SJW by NotDrWho · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'm sorry, but wtf is your point? Are you saying that we should be hostile to women instead of nice, or nice instead of hostile, or that we should completely ignore them?

    You say that men who are mean to women chase them off. Then you say men who are nice to women chase them off. And I'm pretty sure you would say that men ignoring women would chase them off. SO WHAT THE FUCK DO YOU SUGGEST?

    --
    SJW's don't eliminate discrimination. They just expropriate it for themselves.