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The Law Is Clear: the FBI Cannot Make Apple Rewrite Its OS (backchannel.com)

An anonymous reader cites a post by Susan Crawford, Harvard Law Professor and former Obama Special Assistant: From her column at Backchannel, "Barack Obama has a fine legal mind. But he may not have been using it when he talked about encryption last week. [...] The problem for the president is that when it comes to the specific battle going on right now between Apple and the FBI, the law is clear: twenty years ago, Congress passed a statute, the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) that does not allow the government to tell manufacturers how to design or configure a phone or software used by that phone -- including security software used by that phone.

19 of 367 comments (clear)

  1. Good to hear. by jellomizer · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The problem with this whole debate, is assuming making a system that is secure is beyond the means of mortal men. And will need a big organization to make such a system.

    The truth is. If Apple are shown to be insecure, the bad guys will not use apple, they may make their own OS, which doesn't have the back doors. It may not be a fancy but secure for what is needed.

    So Apple is loosing business, and the bad guys are still going under the radar.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    1. Re:Good to hear. by kheldan · · Score: 4, Insightful

      the bad guys will not use apple, they may make their own OS, which doesn't have the back doors.

      This is true, or some version of it at any rate. Encryption isn't some Top Secret thing that only the government has. It's a mathematical fact, it's available to the general public in any number of different forms, and furthermore anyone with sufficient knowledge on the subject can write encryption software if need be. Screwing everyone else over on data security will not accomplish making anyone safer nor will it help catch criminals and foil terrorist plots. They'll just do an end-run around it. Or maybe they'll go back to using custom codebooks. Or any number of other long-standing methods of counter-surveillance. The entire premise that this is being demanded for 'national security' is so patina-thin, I can't believe anyone with an IQ even slightly above average would believe it anymore, given they've been following all this.

      The FBI is being lazy at best, disingenuos and power-grabbing at worst.

      President Obama is being improperly advised and/or technically ignorant at best, and being an enabler to the power-hungry and/or a power-grabber himself. Note that I voted for this man, twice! Wishing I'd not have done so now.

      Apple needs to stand it's ground, and cetain people in the FBI need to stand down -- or perhaps be asked to resign.

      --
      Are YOU using the TOOL, or is the TOOL using YOU? Think about it!
    2. Re:Good to hear. by Viol8 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      " If Apple are shown to be insecure,"

      Very little is secure to the author of the firmware who is also the designer of the hardware if that firmware and hardware can be usurped by said author.

      This argument is nothing to do with security or frankly , the "rights" of the public. This is a battle between on one hand a not altogether trustworthy government organisation that wants access to any data it desires and on the other a not altogether trustworthy global corp who is worried about the affect on its share price but pretends its the little guy fighting for justice against The Man.

      TBH this is one battle where neither of the plaintiffs is worth rooting for and if you want real security just use PGP or similar.

    3. Re:Good to hear. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

      Have you considered that those attempts at making encryption illegal are partially motivated by the ensuing ability to jail people for simply knowing math?

      Wouldn't want the serfs to read our latin bibles would we...

    4. Re:Good to hear. by tripleevenfall · · Score: 3, Insightful

      President Obama is being improperly advised and/or technically ignorant at best, and being an enabler to the power-hungry and/or a power-grabber himself. Note that I voted for this man, twice! Wishing I'd not have done so now.

      Apple needs to stand it's ground, and cetain people in the FBI need to stand down -- or perhaps be asked to resign.

      "Barack Obama has a fine legal mind" (TFA) has never been true, or if it has, he certainly doesn't care much about legal issues that may stand in the way of what he wants to do.

      For all the disappointments the Obama administration has brought, the most disappointing has been its lawlessness. Re-writing laws through the EPA, refusing to enforce others, using EOs as a fig leaf for outright lawbreaking, re-writing Obamacare on the fly as if there were no separation of powers at all...

      This may be the first time we've had an administration that both sides of the aisle can't wait to see go.

    5. Re:Good to hear. by kheldan · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Because, as another AC pointed out for me, it's not like in 2012 (or in 2008 for that matter) there were any better choices. I did what I thought was the best I could, naively wanting to make my vote count for something. I won't be making the same mistake this time, I want to vote for some 3rd-party candidate, regardless of them not having a snowball's chance in hell, as a form of protest of how completely screwed up and useless our electroral system has become.

      Unless Trump gets the candidacy. Then I have a moral dilemna on my hands: Vote for someone who has no chance of winning, as a protest, or vote for some Democrat, who has a chance of winning, so it's one more vote against Trump. Believe me I'm angry enough at all this for potentially putting me in this position. I want a clear conscience, one way or the other, but I'd just as soon not have to vote for someone who I don't like or believe in just to prevent someone I think is even worse from getting elected; I'm sick and tired of having to choose the 'least bad' instead of the 'best' because I don't have any other choices.

      Don't bother trolling me about Trump, or Hillary, or any of the rest of them. I think they're all lying scumbags one way or another, I think none of them deserve to be POTUS, and I don't want to vote for any of them. I don't really want to vote for some 3rd-party (likely Libertarian) candidate either, but since there's no 'None of the Above' on our POTUS ballots, I can't use that as a form of protest either. Not voting at all is not an option, that makes me worse than people who vote blindly for whatever candidate their party trots out there (I'm not affiliated with any political party whatsoever).

      Could we please have a President that doesn't suck ass? For once?

      --
      Are YOU using the TOOL, or is the TOOL using YOU? Think about it!
    6. Re:Good to hear. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      For all the disappointments the Obama administration has brought, the most disappointing has been its lawlessness.

      Let's address this claim one point at a time.

      Re-writing laws through the EPA,

      The *laws* in question specifically delegate the creation of the regulations *to* the EPA. They are acting *fully* within the bounds of those laws when they create their regulations.

      refusing to enforce others,

      The Executive has *always* had discretion on how to allocate its resources for enforcement of the law. This is true at the federal, state, and local level, and always has been.

      using EOs as a fig leaf for outright lawbreaking,

      Executive Orders are legal. That is a long-established fact. They cannot change the law, nor have any of his EOs purported to do so. Additionally, he's used *fewer* EOs (per term) than any of his predecessors back as far as Grover Cleveland.

      re-writing Obamacare on the fly as if there were no separation of powers at all...

      There was no 're-writing' of Obama care. This is just a duplicate of the prior two, and equally empty. He has, as he is legally empowered to do, declined to enforce certain aspects of the law (pertaining to the timeline by which small businesses must comply with those certain aspects of the law), thereby preventing fines and penalties being levied on innocent actors simply because they were unable to adjust their business practices and software (at the mercy of third parties) to comply with a new law in the initial timeline. This is (again) a *COMMON* occurrence at the Federal, State, and local levels, because sane people don't want good actors penalized for things beyond their control, or for failing while acting in good faith.

    7. Re:Good to hear. by Bartles · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well, for all the people that wanted more government for the last 50 years, this is what more government looks like.

  2. You don't understand, this is terrorism.../s by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The USA is in perpetual war and illegal acts are justified by the wartime status, terrorism, the children, etc.

  3. They'll just retract it by wardrich86 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Give them another week or to... they'll butcher the law, renege the whole thing. Make modifications so that they can do whatever the fuck they want... and there's nothing any of us can do about it. We pay them taxes, they use that money in return to fuck us over again.

  4. These are good points, but by number6x · · Score: 4, Insightful

    When has this, or the previous, administration really cared about what the law says when the law disagrees with what the administration wants to accomplish?

    1. Re:These are good points, but by Brett+Buck · · Score: 3, Insightful

      And I am not sure what evidence anyone has for his "fine legal mind". As far as I can tell, he lies, threatens and bullies people to get his way, daring people to oppose him, then claiming all sorts of persecution. He has repeatedly referred to use of violence ("if they bring a knife, you bring a gun", "get in their face") . He has publicly lamented that there is a constitution that seems to limit his powers.

              The man is an *activist*, period, He says or does whatever he wants to get his way, legal or otherwise. And the vast majority of the press goes along with it, and doesn't call him on it, because they want the same thing.

            Make no mistake, in his mind, "the end justifies the means". In this case it's particularly disingenuous, because he doesn't care one whit about solving this case or stopping further terrorism by the usual suspects. He's using this case to bully a company into giving him unfettered surveillance for *everyone*, terrorist threat or not.

  5. Really Ms. Crawford? by dfenstrate · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Barack Obama has a fine legal mind."
    To be blunt, this is unsubstantiated. For someone who has as many degrees and has held as many academic positions as Obama has, his scholarly writings are strangely absent.

    --
    Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms should be the name of a store, not a government agency.
  6. Re:Barack "Executive Order" Obama... by caladine · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I know how much you ACs love to hate on the president, but at least get your facts straight. The last time a president had as few executive orders per year (over the term of his presidency) as Obama was when Grover Cleveland was president. So if you're going to bitch and moan about Obama exercising his presidential authority, remember that presidents like Reagan did a lot more "ram rodding their way down everyone's throats" than Obama has (to the tune of 50% more).
    source: http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu...

  7. Re:She is so smart by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    LOLWUT? There is no such thing as "pick and choose". The law is explicit:

    (1) Design of features and systems configurations: This subchapter does not authorize any law enforcement agency or officer

    (A) to require any specific design of equipment, facilities, services, features, or system configurations to be adopted by any provider of a wire or electronic communication service, any manufacturer of telecommunications equipment, or any provider of telecommunications support services; or

    https://www.law.cornell.edu/us...

    The FBI is in check. Find some other law that authorizes law enforcement agencies to tell Apple how to make a phone.

  8. Re:Barack "Executive Order" Obama... by Zak3056 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I'm not jumping into the middle of this fight (I'm not educated enough on the subject) but I will say that there is nothing inherently wrong with an executive order. Many laws that congress writes delegate various powers to the executive--this is why we have a Code of Federal Regulations to go along with US code (USC enables the executive branch to do something, and the CFR is the details of that something... at least in theory). An executive order is a reasonable way for the President (the head of the executive branch) to direct HOW the executive branch does something. The problem arises when executive orders purport to enable or forbid something the executive branch has no power to enable or forbid.

    Simply counting how many executive orders a president issues is meaningless in a vacuum. One has to actually ANALYZE those orders to determine if "screw the laws and precedents" is accurate with regard to a particular president.

    --
    What part of "shall not be infringed" is so hard to understand?
  9. Rewrite? by g01d4 · · Score: 1, Insightful

    How is changing the maximum number of logins considered "rewriting" an operating system? If a parameter's hard wired it shouldn't magically become different in relation to the operating system's functionality than parameters that aren't. In other words, if I change the Windows account lockout threshold I don't consider it as rewriting Windows.

  10. Re:Barack "Executive Order" Obama... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    hmm, OK, here we have another poor soul who is either completely brainwashed, or shilling for the Democrats? Maybe too much NPR or MSNBC?

    If you care to learn, please listen: people do not have a problem with executive orders in general as long as they are minor and exist within the bounds of existing law, they have a problem with executive orders that violate existing law or the constitution. The thing that people are pissed about is the number of EOs that blatantly violate the law and have been found to violate existing law and are therefore overturned. Obama has had 12 plus unanimous votes by the supreme court to overturn his EOs for blatant violation of the law. That is unprecedented in modern history and I believe an all time record across all presidents.

    Beyond that, when a president comes out and says he will not work with Congress because he can't get his way 100% of the time, so he will get his pen and his phone out and try to make law using EOs, that is a huge red flag for our republic, because that is not how our system was designed. Our system was designed for compromise. I compromise a little on my position, you on yours, and we meet in the middle. If Obama were a patriot, he would have behaved like Bill Clinton. When Clinton lost the Congress in the midterms, he realized that the people had spoken and he "triangulated" to the middle and worked with congress. This is what made his tenure successful. We got a balanced budget, a budget surplus, welfare to work reforms and a lot of other good things. When the same thing happened to Obama, instead of acting like a leader, taking his medicine and compromising to work with congress, he acted like a spoiled little 5 year old brat, saying that because he couldn't get his way, he didn't want to play. Obama is the president, and he has the ability and responsibility to govern for all the people, not just the minority that elected the democrats currently in Congress.

    If it weren't so sad it would be funny all of the failures and betrayals that Obama has pulled off.
    - Most transparent administration ever: nope, close to if not the most closed in recent history.
    - Keep America safe: number of successful terrorist attacks on US soil: 7 and Obama is still unable to call Islamic terrorisim by name...
    - Number of people killed directly by Obama using drones: more than 2500 killed trying to take out ~250 people, the rest were innocents
    - Created ISIS by pulling completely out of Iraq and creating power vacuum (directly predicted on multiple occasions by GW Bush and dozens of other foreign policy advisers). The status of forces agreement argument was a complete farce. Where the fuck in the world ever does the conquered country dictate to the conquerors how the conquering soldiers are treated. Ridiculous. Now we have genocide and refugees...
    - Comprehensive immigration reform: had control of the house, senate and white house for 2 years and did nothing on this at all
    - Closing Gitmo: Had control of the house, senate and white house for 2 years, didn't do it, now he pretends to try when he can't
    - Claimed to be a staunch supporter of marriage: came out in support of gay marriage, celebrated SC ruling with a rainbow white house
    - Claimed he would mend fences in the global community: most of the rest of the world still hates us, and now our allies can't count on us - Obama has threatened to shoot down allied, Israeli jets if they dare to defend themselves against the radicals in Iran who routinely threaten to wipe Israel off the map and call the US the great Satan.
    - Negotiated with Iran (who has broken every promise they have made in the past 30 years) and guaranteed that in 10 years Iran will have nuclear weapons
    - Allowed our ambassador and heroes in Lybia to be killed by terrorists on 9/11 and then ordered no action to be taken for 20 hours because he was illegally shipping arms into Syria to arm ISIS fighters in the fight against Assad and didn't want to be caught. Had Obama been a real commander in chief, AF

  11. Eleven Million by Tenebrousedge · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There are 11 million illegal immigrants in the US. What exactly is your plan to deport them? To round them up? Where are you going to house and feed them while you do? Are you going to build some sort of colossal prison-city?

    It's all very well to talk about deportation, but it's not a practical idea at this point, and to even attempt to do so would be both ruinously expensive and necessitate the vast expansion of police numbers and powers. We would destroy our society in this vain and foolhardy attempt.

    For my part, I have been an illegal immigrant before, staying on a tourist visa in Central America for several years*. I would still be there today, building a better life for myself, if I could have managed it. I was far from the only gringo there trying to do so. I can say from personal experience that it takes an exceptional kind of person to pack up and leave their entire family and try to settle in a new country, and many American families are also proud to attest to this. As far as I can tell, there is no economic or social argument to be made against the free flow of labor other than simple racism. I see no reason why this latest group of immigrants should not be granted the same opportunities our ancestors were. I believe that it is a moral imperative to do so, as well as patriotic. And not to belabor the point, but there really isn't an alternative: a wall might keep some people out, but the immigrants in the country now are here to stay.

    * My reasons were complicated and not worth getting into.

    --
    Those who advocate genocide deserve every protection afforded by law, and none afforded by common human decency.