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IBM Gets a Patent On 'Out-of-Office' Email Messages -- In 2017 (arstechnica.com)

The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has issued IBM a -- what the Electronic Frontier Foundation calls -- "stupefyingly mundane" patent on e-mail technology. U.S. Patent No. 9,547,842, "Out-of-office electronic mail messaging system" was filed in 2010 and granted about six weeks ago. Ars Technica reports: The "invention" represented in the '842 patent is starkly at odds with the real history of technology, accessible in this case via a basic Google search. EFF lawyer Daniel Nazer, who wrote about the '842 patent in this month's "Stupid Patent of the Month" blog post, points to an article on a Microsoft publicity page that talks about quirky out-of-office e-mail culture dating back to the 1980s, when Microsoft marketed its Xenix e-mail system (the predecessor to today's Exchange.) IBM offers one feature that's even arguably not decades old: the ability to notify those writing to the out-of-office user some days before the set vacation dates begin. This feature, similar to "sending a postcard, not from a vacation, but to let someone know you will go on a vacation," is a "trivial change to existing systems," Nazer points out. Nazer goes on to identify some major mistakes made during the examination process. The examiner never considered whether the software claims were eligible after the Supreme Court's Alice v. CLS Bank decision, which came in 2014, and in Nazer's view, the office "did an abysmal job" of looking at the prior art. "[T]he examiner considered only patents and patent applications," notes Nazer. The office "never considered any of the many, many, existing real-world systems that pre-dated IBM's application."

37 of 65 comments (clear)

  1. An American patent? by gtall · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Since when is IBM still an American company, they cannot seem to shed American workers fast enough. There are some jobs el Presidente Tweetie can save, convince Rometty that she really wants to hire Americans, watch her turn green.

    1. Re:An American patent? by The+Real+Dr+John · · Score: 3, Insightful

      People need to complain and stop this nonsense. Patents and copyrights should expire at 20 years max. Maybe less. This stifles creativity and productivity, and has nothing to do with the original intent of protecting inventors and writers. It has to stop.

      --
      A brain is a terrible thing to waste... Mind? That's debatable.
    2. Re:An American patent? by Midnight+Thunder · · Score: 5, Insightful

      People need to complain and stop this nonsense. Patents and copyrights should expire at 20 years max. Maybe less. This stifles creativity and productivity, and has nothing to do with the original intent of protecting inventors and writers. It has to stop.

      If an idea can be conceived in an hour and implemented in a under a month, then 20 years is far in excess of anything reasonable. This is part of the problem with software patents: many of the patents can be designed and implemented in less than a month. Contrast that to hardware, where the cycle can often closer to a year, or more, and many hundreds of thousands of dollars are spent, so an extended protection makes some sense to recoup R&D costs.

      --
      Jumpstart the tartan drive.
    3. Re:An American patent? by turkeydance · · Score: 1

      International .......Business Machines.they weren't lying

    4. Re:An American patent? by Man+On+Pink+Corner · · Score: 2

      No, the issue is whether the patent's teachings might be of any use whatsoever to anyone who seeks to implement similar functionality.

      If they aren't -- and they definitely aren't in this case -- then the claims are obvious, and no patent should be granted on them.

      The incentives are completely misaligned at the USPTO. Their policy is to rubber-stamp everything and let a bunch of subliterate hayseeds in East Texas sort it out. This policy has no downside for the patent office at all... just for society as a whole.

    5. Re:An American patent? by currently_awake · · Score: 1

      Either require the patent office to a reasonable effort to verify patent applications, or make it a pure registration system where you must prove the patent valid when you try to enforce it.

    6. Re:An American patent? by msauve · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It doesn't matter. The purpose of IP (in the US) is "To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries."

      If a patent or copyright makes a reasonable profit during it's term, the intent of those exclusive rights is met. Beyond that, locking up IP impedes progress, since others can't freely build on the original. Disney built their business using the works of the bros. Grimm, Hans Christian Anderson, Mark Twain, Lewis Carroll, Kipling, etc., but now work diligently to steal our culture from us by preventing newcomers from doing similar.

      There are very, very, few inventions or works which are created with an expectation of not making good profit in less than 20 years (or for copyright, 14 years, plus one extension if the author was still alive, which was the original copyright term - patents were a bit shorter in general). And if something is going to take that long to provide enough public benefit to make a profit, it's probably better to open it up to 3rd party improvement sooner, so there's an opportunity to make it better.

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    7. Re:An American patent? by msauve · · Score: 2

      "make it a pure registration system where you must prove the patent valid when you try to enforce it."

      So, weight the scales even more toward large corporations with lawyers on retainer, and against the small startup?

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    8. Re:An American patent? by Dishevel · · Score: 2

      and has nothing to do with the original intent of protecting inventors and writers.

      The funny thing is that the original intent was not about that at all. The intent was to enrich the public domain.

      --
      Why is it so hard to only have politicians for a few years, then have them go away?
    9. Re:An American patent? by Midnight+Thunder · · Score: 1

      If a patent or copyright makes a reasonable profit during it's term, the intent of those exclusive rights is met. Beyond that, locking up IP impedes progress, since others can't freely build on the original. Disney built their business using the works of the bros. Grimm, Hans Christian Anderson, Mark Twain, Lewis Carroll, Kipling, etc., but now work diligently to steal our culture from us by preventing newcomers from doing similar.
       

      In the world of software I would argue that patents impede more than they help promote innovation. Many of the motivations for developing software aren't because there is a promise of a patent or monopoly, since if it were we wouldn't have the huge number of open source solutions. If a company hasn't capitalized on a software 'invention' within a couple of years, then there is a good chance someone will come up with and equivalent solution, without evening needing to see how the 'original' works and in a number of cases we even see evidence of parallel creation.

      It has been argued that copyright is more valuable to software than patents.

      One interesting article on software patents is here: https://www.forbes.com/sites/e...

      --
      Jumpstart the tartan drive.
    10. Re:An American patent? by msauve · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Software is an even more extreme case - there's no reasonable argument that continued copyright protection for Apple 2, or Nintendo NES, or MS-DOS programs promote the progress of science and useful arts, yet all are still under protection. A 5-10 year term for software copyright would be reasonable.

      Also, a requirement that in order to even get copyright protection at all, the source code must be placed into a depository which can be publicly accessed upon term expiration - without which the protected work can't be considered contribute to progress in the first place.

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    11. Re: An American patent? by Calydor · · Score: 1

      You got that backwards.

      Someone downloading a copy of a book does not deprive the publisher of the ability to keep selling that book.
      A publisher blocking any and all use of a book no longer in print for the next 80 years IS depriving everyone else of using that book for anything.

      --
      -=This sig has nothing to do with my comment. Move along now=-
    12. Re:An American patent? by Buchenskjoll · · Score: 1

      It's Hans Christian Andersen, not Anderson.

      --
      -- Make America hate again!
    13. Re:An American patent? by dougdonovan · · Score: 1

      There are some jobs el Presidente Tweetie can save, convince Rometty that she really wants to hire Americans, watch her turn green. i'm hoping don will do "lunch" with ginny soon ie: one on one, if he hasn't already. that should bring ibm back to America.

    14. Re:An American patent? by organgtool · · Score: 1

      You are conflating patents with copyrights. Patents were created to protect concrete inventions, not abstract ideas. Copyright covers written compositions and recorded performances. For some reason, the U.S. has deemed software as one of the few things on the planet capable of receiving both protections. It makes complete sense for software to be covered under copyright since the part of software development that defines value is in the source code which is protect by copyright law. However, patents don't make sense at all for covering software because the "invention" is already defined in perfect detail by the source code. Therefore, granting additional protection on abstract concepts via the use of patents essentially covers the idea rather than the actual invention. Therefore, software should receive absolutely no protection under patent law and the rest of the world has already come to that conclusion. I imagine the U.S. will eventually join the rest of the world at some point in this regard - it's just a matter of how much business we'll lose until we can correct this mistake.

    15. Re: An American patent? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You got that backwards.

      Someone downloading a copy of a book does not deprive the publisher of the ability to keep selling that book.
      A publisher blocking any and all use of a book no longer in print for the next 80 years IS depriving everyone else of using that book for anything.

      That line is used so much and it is so wrong. Someone downloading X isn't stealing because they can still sell X. If you want to go technical, it is stealing. If you consumed it without paying the author for it, or someone representing the author (publisher) you are stealing profits/financial gains. You are doing so by not buying it and using it.
      When the author or creator is selling something and you make a copy of it to consume you are stealing. You can't paint it any other way. You and everyone who thinks like you has cognitive dissonance.

      If you say you wouldn't have bought it anyway, then guess what you don't have the right to consume it. It's just excuses you make to yourself in order to justify stealing. It's that black and white.

  2. Patent Wars: Round 5! by Notabadguy · · Score: 1

    Now prepare for an influx of IBM lawsuits to everyone that has an out-of-office messaging system.

    1. Re:Patent Wars: Round 5! by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 3, Informative

      FTFA:

      Asked about EFF's criticisms of the patent, an IBM spokesperson said that "IBM has decided to dedicate the patent to the public." The company notified USPTO today that it will forego its rights to the patent.

      Which means that even IBM realizes that trying to enforce this patent would be a PR nightmare.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    2. Re:Patent Wars: Round 5! by msauve · · Score: 2

      Be sure not to leave an "I'm out of the office, returning..." message on your VM.

      --
      "National Security is the chief cause of national insecurity." - Celine's First Law
    3. Re:Patent Wars: Round 5! by Archangel+Michael · · Score: 2

      Or, it could have been preemptive in nature, securing the obvious so that someone ... say .. Microsoft or Google tried to patent the same.

      --
      Agent K: A *person* is smart. People are dumb, stupid, panicky animals, and you know it.
  3. IBM patents the cancer of the office. by nimbius · · Score: 1

    im stunned in this foul year of our lord 2017 that out of office replies exist. part best intention, part surrogate for poor planning, and part excuse to not check the vacation calendar at work, the out of office message is truly the turd of SMTP. ive been reprimanded for not setting my out of office replies, forced to implement them in Exchange, and lambasted by puerile users who arent allowed to set them in my email environments.

    nowadays I dont even offer a reason. If a user asks me to add OOO to my mail system, i reach for my trusty louisville slugger meticulously carved in the likeness of Eric Allman and Weitse Venema in a tender portrait of mutual disappointment.

    --
    Good people go to bed earlier.
    1. Re:IBM patents the cancer of the office. by PPH · · Score: 2

      and part excuse to not check the vacation calendar at work

      OOO notification makes sense because not everyone who can e-mail me has access to my companies calendar system. They can't because it contains potentially sensitive information.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.
  4. I claim prior art by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    In the 1970s I had a message system check my status and post a reply to any posts on what became email that were "addressed" to me, stating that I was out of office or whatever my status had changed to.

    This was back when we used cameras to take pics of the vending machines in the basement. It was a long way to walk if there was no coke in the machine.

    IBM is using my creation. And probably that of thousands of us, which means it's in Common Use and not patentable.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  5. Prior Art by PatientZero · · Score: 1

    Shiva Ayyadurai will certainly have something to say about this!

    --
    Freedom to fear. Freedom from thought. Freedom to kill.
    I guess the War on Terror really is about freedom!
  6. Dear Orange Dude... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    My opinion of Trump would go from F to D if he rid software patents. It would stimulate a lot of small tech biz's who don't have armies of patent lawyers.

    1. Re: Dear Orange Dude... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      "You dirty mother grabber!"

      Not quite the same punch.

  7. Patent dedicated to public by by+(1706743) · · Score: 3, Informative
    According to this:

    Asked today about EFF's criticisms of the patent, an IBM spokesperson said that "IBM has decided to dedicate the patent to the public."

    So, while I absolutely think this is a stupid patent, a) I'd rather this outcome than a true patent troll get it, and b) the problem (as I see it...) is really with the patent system, NOT with IBM.

  8. EFF Barking up the wrong tree? by thogard · · Score: 2

    Perhaps the EFF could ask a judge to issue an injunction barring that examiner from issuing any more patents until they are properly trained.

    If you can't change the system at the proper level, maybe you can change the systems using their own KPIs.

  9. Re:Once again... by PPH · · Score: 2

    completely ignorant of patent law

    Perhaps. But patent law is so terribly broken that we can still afford ourselves a hearty laugh before the consequences of this fiasco comes back to bite innovators in the ass.

    From TFA:

    But the examiner considered only patents and patent applications. The Patent Office spent years going back-and-forth on whether IBMâ(TM)s claims where new compared to a particular 2006 patent application. But it never considered any of the many, many, existing real-world systems that pre-dated IBMâ(TM)s application.

    Based on this logic, I could be granted a patent on the wheel.

    F*'d up characters intentionally left in. Because it's $current_year and about time for Slashdot to get its act together.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  10. Re:AFAICT, prior art doesn't mean what you think.. by PPH · · Score: 1

    I've got first dibs on the wheel.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  11. Irony to the Rescue? by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

    People need to complain and stop this nonsense.

    Well a good start will be if IBM now sue the US Patent Office for patent infringement because their email system sends out-of-office emails as I presume it probably does.

  12. Re:AFAICT, prior art doesn't mean what you think.. by rakslice · · Score: 1

    What do you mean by "public usage"? Usage of a technique is not in itself prior art, but if the usage is public in the sense that someone has documented it publicly in some way, then that documentation could be prior art.

    Some detail about USPTO's criteria for deciding what "publication" qualifies: https://www.uspto.gov/web/offi...

  13. Exchange, lol by rakslice · · Score: 1

    "its Xenix e-mail system (the predecessor to today's Exchange.)"

    So, sendmail, I guess? :)

  14. read the claims by MarkWegman · · Score: 1
    A patent can talk about previous ideas. The title of a patent can often look like it's about something already discovered. But it really is about what is in the claim section. This one is about comparing what is in someone's calendar and automatically sending a away message as a result to people who have not already gotten an away message. I've gotten lots of away messages but they are always because I tell my mail program to send them for a given time, not because I've marked on my calendar that I'm not available for those days.

    One can argue, and I might well, that this is not a deep insight and that the patent system should set a higher bar. But people here who want to comment really need to decipher the claims on this or any other patent.

  15. Rubber by Princeofcups · · Score: 1

    Correct if I am wrong, but as I understand it the patent office just rubber stamps any patent application as long as all the eyes are crossed and tees are dotted. It's up to any other party to prove that the patent should not have been granted. Which is where all the expensive lawyers come in, which is why patents have no purpose except for huge companies to fuck with each other.

    --
    The only thing worse than a Democrat is a Republican.
    1. Re:Rubber by Jason+Levine · · Score: 1

      Pretty much. And the courts, for the most part, assume that a patent is valid if the patent office has approved it (unless you can prove otherwise which is an uphill battle). This is what makes the patent system so ripe for abuse.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
  16. IBM's Role in the Patent Arms Race by BBCWatcher · · Score: 2

    That's the real answer. First of all, IBM ranks right at the top in terms of number of patents granted, and it has for a couple decades running. With all those patents, of course they'll vary in quality and significance. Second, IBM is the first to admit that its patent strategy is primarily defensive -- to grab the patents (or to make disclosures to establish prior art, which it also does a lot) before a patent troll, or a fading technology company turning into a future patent troll, does. IBM makes surprisingly little money on patent licensing, especially given the size and significance of its patent portfolio.

    Just as one example, the primary reason Linux wasn't strangled in its crib is because IBM effectively extended its IP shield over it. We know that history, because most of it is public now. IBM profited (and profits) to some extent from Linux's success, but that's single digit percentage stuff. Something approaching 99% of the financial benefits accruing from Linux go to everybody else in the industry. IBM is fine with that, since it's still a winning profit equation for them.

    With a malfunctioning patent system, I'm OK with IBM -- and other players that behave like IBM -- grabbing the patents. If their business models are to secure patents for defense -- and to stick to those business models -- that's OK with me. But I still want the patent system to be fixed.