Slashdot Mirror


Why Paper Jams Persist (newyorker.com)

A trivial problem reveals the limits of technology. Fascinating story from The New Yorker: Unsurprisingly, the engineers who specialize in paper jams see them differently. Engineers tend to work in narrow subspecialties, but solving a jam requires knowledge of physics, chemistry, mechanical engineering, computer programming, and interface design. "It's the ultimate challenge," Ruiz said.

"I wouldn't characterize it as annoying," Vicki Warner, who leads a team of printer engineers at Xerox, said of discovering a new kind of paper jam. "I would characterize it as almost exciting." When she graduated from the Rochester Institute of Technology, in 2006, her friends took jobs in trendy fields, such as automotive design. During her interview at Xerox, however, another engineer showed her the inside of a printing press. All Xerox printers look basically the same: a million-dollar printing press is like an office copier, but twenty-four feet long and eight feet high. Warner watched as the heavy, pale-gray double doors swung open to reveal a steampunk wonderland of gears, wheels, conveyor belts, and circuit boards. As in an office copier, green plastic handles offer access to the "paper path" -- the winding route, from "feeder" to "stacker," along which sheets of paper are shocked and soaked, curled and decurled, vacuumed and superheated. "Printers are essentially paper torture chambers," Warner said, smiling behind her glasses. "I thought, This is the coolest thing I've ever seen."

19 of 122 comments (clear)

  1. So why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is Slashdot. The title invites a question, and TFS doesn't answer it.

    1. Re:So why? by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 4, Funny

      This is Slashdot. The title invites a question, and TFS doesn't answer it.

      That's easy. Paper jams persist because Xerox has a team of engineers to prevent them. The team designs the printer or copier to prevent most paper jams.

      However, they still let it have a few paper jams. If they would design the machine to have no paper jams . . . their skills would not be needed, and they would get fired.

      So paper jams persist to provide job security for those who are paid to prevent them.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    2. Re: So why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Correct. Without them, an army of midgets hiding inside would be jobless. And then what would they do? Run under tables and steal your breakfast. Youâ(TM)ll never catch them.

    3. Re:So why? by Kierthos · · Score: 2

      Actually, having worked at a Fedinko's for over 10 years, paper jams happen for all kinds of reasons, not the least of which is people using cheap-ass paper or paper that was stored in humid conditions.

      And don't even get me started on the folks that brought in paper that they bought at some specialty shop that is clearly not intended for going through a Xerox DocuTech 6115, but hey, they bought the shiny foil paper and damnit, they're going to use it.

      My hands down "favorite" had to be the guy who brought in paper that obviously cannot go through a copier because it had a contoured Cupid on it. Literally, this paper had... a bas relief on it? I don't know what else to call it. But it's clear to anyone who has ever printed anything that this paper will not go through any copier that relies on the paper being, you know, paper flat.

      Only I had to try anyway, because "the customer is always right". Shockingly it jammed.

      --
      Mr. Hu is not a ninja.
    4. Re: So why? by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 3, Funny

      My mother, who at 96 still runs a business out of her apartment, insists that computer files are not ârealâ(TM) unless printed out, so she puts more mileage on her low-end laser than the average law office. To save money she re-uses her paper, which is tolerable if you take the trouble to keep your discarded pages in as pristine a state as possible.

      But every so often I get The Call. I have to go over there again and untangle six pages of recycled paper that were put through with a staple left in the corner.

    5. Re:So why? by vtcodger · · Score: 5, Informative

      "I share your concern. This is Slashdot. We can't be expected to, like, read the actual article."

      That's too bad, because it turns out to be a REALLY GOOD article -- informative and very well written.

      The answer turns out to be that paper is awful stuff. Its properties aren't uniform and vary with supplier and climate. And printers are trying to move the stuff precisely and quickly.

      --
      You can't see ANYTHING from a car, You've got to get out of the goddamned contraption and walk...Edward Abbey
    6. Re:So why? by zeugma-amp · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I agree with you. It is a well written, and interesting article. The nerdiness factor is high enough that it's definitely /. fodder. In it, I found my word of the day...

      At a hip Rochester restaurant called Nosh, Viavattine held the menu up to the light to assess its "flocculation" (the degree to which its fibres had clumped infelicitously together).

      Flocculation... just kinda rolls right off the tongue. Most excellent!

      --
      This is an ex-parrot!
    7. Re:So why? by youngone · · Score: 2

      I worked at a printing supply company and the paper guys could talk endlessly about their products.
      It is nerdy, but the charm wears off during the third hour of that weekly sales meeting.
      The summary talks about a million dollar printing press which is like a big office copier. In the real world a million dollar office copier is just an office copier, and can't compete with a real offset press.
      The cheapest one we sold cost about $5.8 million and if you really specced our top of the line model up you would not get much change from $25 million.
      It's a totally different beast, for a totally different market.

  2. Photocopiers are a marvel of engineering IMHO. by Qbertino · · Score: 2

    I don't use them all that much and some have bizar/abysmal usability, but the machines themselves are a marvel of engineering IMHO. It's amazing how much of them are optimized to the T these days. And the print quality they put out is just as amazing. I remember smelling meth-spirits with purple ink of the repo machines back in primary school and I also remember the Star NL 10 dot-matrix impact printer. Noisy, ugly, dusty. I also remember the Sharp CE-126P -still have it.

    Long story short, I think they are amazing and AFAICT paper jams with them have also gotten measurably less - although I do understand that those will never go away completely.

    --
    We suffer more in our imagination than in reality. - Seneca
    1. Re:Photocopiers are a marvel of engineering IMHO. by CastrTroy · · Score: 3, Informative

      Yeah, I recall thing being much worse when I was dealing with tractor fed dot matrix printers and early inkjets. I have a $50 laser printer from Walmart that is about 5 years old, and it very rarely gets paper jams. Usually only when the paper isn't in good condition or if you try to print double sided and run the same page through twice.

      --

      Anthropic principle: We see the universe the way it is because if it were different we would not be here to see it.
  3. Former HP Printer Tester by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    As a former tester, I recall spending days trying to understand how and where jams occurred. My favorite paper jam issue was not one my team suffered, but another team that was working on a small laser jet printer.

    One of the media ('paper types') that was suppose to be supported was transparencies. HP Printers allow you to specify the type of paper (to items like 'plain', 'cardstock', etc.), but many people would leave it at default. If the default was left, the printer needed to at least survive the print job, even if it was a bit of a mess. So those transparencies were a rather special case. The fuser, the part designed to join the bits of toner to the media, had to work in many different climates, from 65 F degrees, low humidity to 90+ F degrees, 90% humidity, and in order to make that fuser optimal, the printer had to compensate. With transparencies, as I recall, in the cold, the fuser would heat up a bit more to compensate and so with transparency, the fuser would fuse the the transparency to the fuser. We lost several million dollar prototypes's fusers and days of productivity to this issue. Ultimately, I believe HP decided it was cheaper to pay the warranty costs than it was to fix the issue.

  4. In my personal experience by taustin · · Score: 4, Interesting

    which is probably not representative, paper jams persist because my employer buys the cheapest paper they can find. The kind that clumps and sticks to itself, that sheds paper dust like it's snowing, that has uneven edges, etc.

    1. Re:In my personal experience by XxtraLarGe · · Score: 3, Informative

      which is probably not representative, paper jams persist because my employer buys the cheapest paper they can find. The kind that clumps and sticks to itself, that sheds paper dust like it's snowing, that has uneven edges, etc.

      In a former life, I was a "key-operator" at a local Kinko's. Paper quality is just one of several factors. There's also the way you load it into the printer. Paper has a natural curl from being cut from rolls. IIRC, the curl is downward, so if you load paper from a ream, make sure to put the paper in the same orientation you got it out of the ream. Don't flip it. Then there's also humidity. It's a huge culprit. If it's too low, the sheets will cling together due to static electricity. If it's too high, the sheets will cling together because they're damp.Other reasons that exist are dirty fusers, worn or dirty rollers, bad toner cartridges, etc.

      --
      Taking guns away from the 99% gives the 1% 100% of the power.
    2. Re:In my personal experience by jellomizer · · Score: 5, Informative

      Having done printer repair, I am not proud of it but I needed the money.
      However the most common causes are the following.
      1. Worn out feet: Those rubber wheels that pull up the paper, get warn out over time and has a hard time grabbing the paper, when it does it is past the timeout period on the sensor.
      2. Warn out fuser: The fuser is a heated roller they have a plastic/silicon covering on it, to prevent burning the paper. over time with heating and cooling the covering gets warped so the paper will not always fit in.
      3. Bad Paper: Cheap paper that just sticks and doesn't flow properly.
      4. A previous jam: There was a jam previously that wasn't as cleared out as people expected.
      5. Bad ink (for solid ink printers): Cheap ink has a slightly different melting and cooling point then devices specification, causing ink to gum up the pathway.
      6. Bad solenoid: over time they get sluggish or stuck.
      7. Warn out gear. Those plastic gear if handing paper a bit too much for them ware out.
      8. Blocked or malfunctioning sensor: a bad sensor says there is a problem when there isn't really anything.
      9. Non-Paper blockage: Staples, Paperclips, bubble gum, rodents, bugs, hair, fingernails... causes blockage.
      10. Abuse: Just smacking bending parts breaking pins....

      Most of the Jamming problems can be fixed with regular maintenance. As unlike other computers moving parts (such as a hard drive, or DVD or floppy drives) there is a lot of torque and energy evolved with a lot of parts exposed to the elements.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    3. Re:In my personal experience by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      We solved a lot of those problems decades ago with tractor feed paper. No need for all the complex paper handling stuff modern printers have when the paper itself has a built in system for pulling it through straight and without relying on friction rollers.

      I guess people don't like the tractor holes. Maybe if the people who made ring binders got together with the printer people and agreed to make the tractor paper fit in the folders without needing to punch extra holes or use a plastic bag... Then again these days we shouldn't be printing 90% of the stuff we print anyway.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    4. Re:In my personal experience by orgelspieler · · Score: 2

      We still have one printer at work that uses continuous feed for triplicate forms. The paper is getting more expensive, though. Never jams, but getting the driver to work on a new computer is always exciting. I remember one program that you could make banners with that would just keep printing on multiple sheets of continuous feed paper. You can't do that with a DeskJet.

    5. Re:In my personal experience by g01d4 · · Score: 2

      Having done printer repair, I am not proud of it

      If, as seems likely, you were good at your job you should be. Personally I've got a lot respect for repair people who rapidly resolve issues and share information with their customers. Sharing information can result in fewer service calls being made and when they are they contain more useful specifics.

  5. Paper shredder by SirMasterboy · · Score: 2

    Couldn't this be solved by simply putting an extra strong paper roller into the printer that simply feeds into some sort of paper shredder?

    Is there no market for peopel willing to spend more on a paper jam-less printer?

  6. Re:We eliminated paperjams by Falconhell · · Score: 2

    Amongst many jobs, I fixed copiers for a few years. You dont need a climate controlled room, for those customers who had paper dampness issues, a 20w incandscent globe in the paper cupboard worked fine keeping it dry.
    The main problem was with coloured paper, where a partially used ream would be stored for some time, the standard white was used quickly enough to not have a problem. Most copy paper is in a wax lined outer wrapper to prevent moisture from getting to it.
    Dampness caused the static charge used in the process to bleed away to ground thru the paper too, resulting in poor copy quality and jams.