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Climate Change Has Doubled the Frequency of Ocean Heatwaves (nature.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Nature: Scientists analyzed satellite-based measurements of sea surface temperature from 1982 to 2016 and found that the frequency of marine heatwaves had doubled. These extreme heat events in the ocean's surface waters can last from days to months and can occur across thousands of kilometers. If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as researchers currently project, the frequency of ocean heatwaves could increase by a factor of 41. In other words, a one-in-one-hundred-day event at pre-industrial levels of warming could become a one-in-three-day event. The study has been published in the journal Nature.

260 comments

  1. Thanks /. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    yeah, this is definitely the place to argue global warming or socialism or w/e, where is the RFC?

    1. Re: Thanks /. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Back in my day, Slashdot was a tech site.

    2. Re: Thanks /. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Now it's all Social Warrior bullshit, much of it thanks to editor Beau H D, that worthless piece of shit from Oregon.

    3. Re:Thanks /. by complexanimal · · Score: 1

      This is a news article that encompasses the physical sciences (physics, oceanography, and climate science to name a few), mathematics, and scientific computing (statistics, computer modelling, data processing from observation platforms such as the satellites mentioned in TFA). Please review TFM of Slashdot: "News for Nerds. Stuff that Matters." This article clearly falls in the wheelhouse of both.

  2. Nice Scaremongering by SuperKendall · · Score: 0, Troll

    Even the IPCC says that likley heating will be around 2C, not 3.5C as the summary claims.

    And as always, worth pointing out that pretty much no estimates take into account the rapid uptake of solar energy / electric cars that is inevitable at this point.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fucking moron claims that the rest of the world is stupid. Yet you are still a fucking moron. Please, do us all a favor and eat a bullet.

    2. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No shit, and Beau likes shis controversy. If this was an Apple article msmash would post that Tim Cook raped shis mother -or something more ridiculous.

    3. Re:Nice Scaremongering by mi · · Score: 1

      If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as researchers currently project

      The write-up claims, the 3.5 degrees is the current projections by some unspecified researchers. There no "ifs" about that write-up's claims — SuperKendall is correct, while your narrative falls apart.

      Remember to logout.

      --
      In Soviet Washington the swamp drains you.
    4. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I like how climate change deniers always draw a new line in the sand as their lies are exposed and scientific predictions come true.

      Climate change doesn't exist! In fact scientists 30 years ago said planet is cooling!

      Climate change doesn't exist! Something something hockey stick graph! Mann!

      Climate change doesn't exist! It hasn't heated up since 1998!

      Climate change doesn't exist! It snowed yesterday in January up in Minnesota by me!

      Well, climate change does exist, but it's only going to heat up a little!

      Well, climate change does exist, but hey the moderate estimate is 2C! What's this 3.5C garbage!

      SuperKendall, FUCK YOU YOU GREEDY BITCH OF A SON AND ALL OF YOUR ILK!

    5. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, call me when even 5% of cars, planes, trains, ships on the road IN THE WORLD are electric and not guzzling petroleum and spewing out carbon. Then we can talk fertilizer and pesticides, something by the way which should have been used to improve your family tree full of intertwining branches.

    6. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You not taking your medication is clearly the cause of global warming

    7. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      LOL, Fucking Moron points out that Fucking Moron is a Fucking Moron for pointing out Fucking Moronic things.

      Seems to be a pattern here.

    8. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Climate change is a thing, although I think we make a much bigger deal about it than it warrants. The key is the ability to adapt, and overcome. If we fail, well, we'd better hope space travel and colonization is an option. Otherwise, we're done for.

      Can we do it? Honestly, I don't much care. I'll be long gone before it matters.

      (I will do what is reasonable to try to hit the climate reset button, however.)

    9. Re:Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      yeah, the IPCC has become a joke. They continue to back the idea that 3rd world nations can grow their coal, so CHina is simply trying to transfer their coal to 3rd world.

      Hansen has it right that we all have to stop this by moving to nuclear. Even then he says if we move fast, we will still see 2C. Now, it is trying to stop 4C.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    10. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If this was an Apple article msmash would post that Tim Cook raped shis mother -or something more ridiculous.

      His father, not his mother.
      At least get that part right.

    11. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, the pattern is called SuperKendall pattern.

    12. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't increase already 2C(compared to pre-industrial!!!) and 3,5C is just new threshold?

      Also not sure how the science works with retards, but rapid uptake of solar energy miraculously won't deflect more of it from Earth and cool it down...

    13. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as researchers currently project

      The write-up claims, the 3.5 degrees is the current projections by some unspecified researchers. There no "ifs" about that write-up's claims — SuperKendall is correct, while your narrative falls apart.

      Remember to logout.

      To be fair, it is "Zontar The Mindless". The problem is described right there in the name.

    14. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As you were able to figure out from context , it's "projections by some unspecified researchers". So let's put it all together:

      If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as some researchers currently project, then ...

      Seems like a perfectly reasonable statement, and there's a big honkin "if" right at the beginning of the sentence.
      But hey, you've managed to distract us into a thread about the syntax in the summary rather than the conclusions of the scientists, so good job!

    15. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I briefly examined the references and as best I can tell, the term "marine heat wave" is a term invented in while cloth in 2016.

      This isn't something researchers have been investigating for decades, and given the youth of the proposed idea, there is very little empirical data (their model results are not data) at all.

      Maybe in the future will will learn that this is valuable science. At present, it is nothing more than problematic speculation, contradicting some real science.

    16. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Yea, why should those poor third world nations be able to do what us rich first world nations already do.
      If they really wanted to use coal they should just be rich. Per person Americans use the most coal for their electricity.

    17. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 1

      "in while cloth" = "in whole cloth"

    18. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And the IPCC ALWAYS notices in any of their publications that predictions with any kind of certainty about future climate is not possible.

      Of course the warmists ignore this and cherrypick the most imbecile predictions and present those as settled science, as if such a thing exists..

    19. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Are we all forgetting just how much 2 degrees Celcius (just under 4 degrees Fahrenheit) globally actually is? 3.5 degrees Celcius (6.3 Fahrenheit) would be enormous. What really makes me sick is that, decades from now, these same denialists that stand in the way of just about every effort to mitigate this problem are going to have to flip to accept the problem, but they will also just flip to blaming the climate scientists who are trying to warn them. We all know they will.

    20. Re:Nice Scaremongering by The+Evil+Atheist · · Score: 2

      The term doesn't matter. As the summary states, the data has been around longer. So no, your claim that "new term = new study" is complete bullshit.

      --
      Those who do not learn from commit history are doomed to regress it.
    21. Re:Nice Scaremongering by The+Evil+Atheist · · Score: 1

      Uptake of solar and electric cars by themselves don't reduce carbon emissions.

      As for the summary, it is taken from the Nature link, which provides a source for that 3.5C figure.

      --
      Those who do not learn from commit history are doomed to regress it.
    22. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Models are guessed but none linked to evidence. Also the fact there has been no global increase n temperature recorded in over 20 years. This is junk science.

    23. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yea, why should those poor third world nations be able to do what us rich first world nations already do.

      It's blindingly obvious why they shouldn't be allowed to do so!

      Whether nuclear should be part of the solution is probably more a question of economics than technology at this stage, but what is certain is that quantity carbon emitted by the 1st world should place the idea of 'fairness' as to actual fossil fuel consumption in the 3rd world out of question. Fairness is only to be achieved by our subsidising those most economic solutions in developing countries.

    24. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Care to explain your 'reasoning'.

    25. Re:Nice Scaremongering by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as researchers currently project

      The write-up claims, the 3.5 degrees is the current projections by some unspecified researchers. There no "ifs" about that write-up's claims — SuperKendall is correct, while your narrative falls apart.

      Remember to logout.

      Considering that we're already about 1 degree C above pre-industrial levels then 3.5 C is only another 2.5C on top of that which is well within the range of IPCC projections for some of the scenarios.

    26. Re:Nice Scaremongering by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      When did the IPCC ever get its predictions right?

    27. Re:Nice Scaremongering by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      I'd be more concerned about global cooling, as in solar cycles.
      Every maunder and other minimum is associated with a low sun spot activity, and the next one is on its way, if it hasn't started already.
      Agriculture thrives and is less water consuming with more CO2 in the atmosphere.
      It suffers, and with it human populations, when it's cold.

    28. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Considering that we're already about 1 degree C above pre-industrial levels then 3.5 C is only another 2.5C on top of that which is well within the range of IPCC projections for some of the scenarios.

      Let's be clear, here.

      It Doesn't Fucking Matter!

      It's all within the stupidly-huge margin of error. It's blips in the noise. When your margin of error is nearly as large or even larger than the predicted change you're concerned about, you are effectively "crystal-balling" any claims you make based on it.

      +/- 100%+ is not a prediction it's a con artist's tool. We won't get tooled again.

    29. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or the rightwing noise machine.

    30. Re:Nice Scaremongering by slazyrio · · Score: 0

      No Mr. A/C, my opinion.

    31. Re:Nice Scaremongering by The+Evil+Atheist · · Score: 1

      In case you haven't noticed, the people putting up solar and electric cars are not the same people mining/drilling and running power plants and shipping. There isn't some magical quota enforcement that forces one down when the other goes up.

      It's you who should be explaining your "reasoning" that the two are somehow linked in such a way.

      --
      Those who do not learn from commit history are doomed to regress it.
    32. Re:Nice Scaremongering by riverat1 · · Score: 5, Informative

      As we came out of the latest ice age the earth has been warming up continuously and will keep doing so.

      No, as we came out of the last glaciation temperatures hit a peak about 8,000 years ago during the Holocene climatic optimum as you would expect from an examination of Milankovitch cycles. Since then temperatures were slowly cooling toward the next glacial maximum. They stopped cooling when human emissions of greenhouse gases (primarily CO2) increased to the point of overriding the current cooling effects of Milankovitch cycles. The increase in ocean acidification shows that the oceans are still absorbing more CO2 than they release.

    33. Re: Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      No, ALL nations should be adding AE and nukes. For developed nations, we need to replace our fossil fuels with none fossil fuel. What is fair is getting all nations to the same page.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    34. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That cause fucktards decided to change global warming to global cooling to "climate change". How conveint to choose such a phrase when each day the climate is slightly different.

      Pseudo-scientists all they are.

    35. Re:Nice Scaremongering by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

      It was a term coined in 2016 in a peer reviewed paper to describe a phenomenon that had been observed. You admit you have not examined this study in any detail, but dismiss it as not real science anyway... Apparently because it's a relatively new thing.

      They say science advances one funeral at a time, and this seems like a perfect example.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    36. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So how come people like you (with not much substance in your post) always say weather is not climate and yet this one year of hot summer is the absolute proof?

    37. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah. And all the people aching to find global warming indicators just happened to miss all this data for the last three decades. Yours is the bullshit.

    38. Re:Nice Scaremongering by allcoolnameswheretak · · Score: 1

      Isn't increase already 2C(compared to pre-industrial!!!) and 3,5C is just new threshold?

      The current increase is already 1C. In the Paris climate agreement nations (except Trump's USA of course) have agreed to limit it to 2C. Since that is a non-binding agreement and nobody will give a shit, the projected increase is probably going to be 3.5C. From that point on self-enforcing feedback mechanisms like melting permafrost and disappearing icesheets are going to have a domino-like effect and push it to 5C or beyond, which is nothing short of catastrophic.

    39. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Exactly this. Concentrations of CO2 currently in the atmosphere are 400ppm, meaning 1 molecule of CO2 for every 2500 molecules of air. For that 1 molecule of CO2 to raise the ambient temperature of the surrounding 2499 molecules of other gases by 1C would mean that a single molecule of CO2 is emitting 2499 degrees of heat.

      The air around the CO2 molecule is made up of the following components:

      Nitrogen: 78.08%
      Oxygen: 20.95%
      Argon: 0.93%
      Carbon dioxide: 0.035%
      Methane: 0.00017%

      And each one of these gases has a different specific heat capacity So that must mean that CO2 is one hell of a hot molecule. And no it is not absorbing and releasing that much thermal radiation to make any difference, only about 8% of blackbody radiation is picked up by CO2.

      The primary argument is circular. The climate change acolytes know that water vapor is the #1 greenhouse gas, but they want to claim CO2 is the cause of warming so the argument goes that an increase in CO2 will heat things up just enough to increase the evaporation of the oceans to increase the amount of water vapor which will be the cause of the increase in temperature.

    40. Re:Nice Scaremongering by haruchai · · Score: 1

      I'd be more concerned about global cooling, as in solar cycles.

      Every maunder and other minimum is associated with a low sun spot activity, and the next one is on its way, if it hasn't started already.

      Agriculture thrives and is less water consuming with more CO2 in the atmosphere.

      It suffers, and with it human populations, when it's cold.

      Solar output has been declining since 1950 yet the globe as a whole has been warming considerably.
      I think it was James Hansen who said that solar insolation at Maunder Minimum levels would erase less than a decade of CO2 emissions.
      One big uncertainty are large volcanic eruptions of which there would quite a few in the 18th and 19th centuries such as Mayon 1814 and Tambora 1815 which caused the "Year without a Summer" of 1816

      --
      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    41. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Layzej · · Score: 2

      The write-up claims, the 3.5 degrees is the current projections by some unspecified researchers. There no "ifs" about that write-up's claims — SuperKendall is correct, while your narrative falls apart.

      SuperKendall's own reference shows scenario A2 which projects ~3.5C by the end of the century. See table SPM.3: A2 scenario best estimate = 3.4, likely range = 2.0 – 5.4. The A1FI scenario has a best estimate of 4C by end of century.

      How much we warm depends on how much we emit. Warming will not stop at the end of the century unless emissions cease, so it is only a matter of time before we reach 3.5C. We've warmed about 1.2C since the 1850s. Two thirds of that has happened in the last 50 years. At the current rate of warming since the 1980s - even assuming no further accelleration - we will hit 2.5C by the end of the century. Again, where we end up will depend on how much CO2 we emit.

    42. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Layzej · · Score: 2

      It's blips in the noise.

      The rate of global heat accumulation is equivalent to about 4 Hiroshima bomb detonations per second. That blip represents over 2.5 billion atomic bomb detonations worth of heat accumulating in the Earth's climate system since 1998, It's a lot of energy.

      The wide range of projections arise because warming depends on how much we emit. We can decide to limit emissions and reduce warming. Or not. It's up to us.

    43. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      lol If I take the A1B scenario (because.) they give a "best estimate" of 2.8C, in a range of 1.7C to 4.4C

      A1. The A1 storyline and scenario family describes a future world of very rapid economic growth, global population that peaks in mid-century and declines thereafter, and the rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies. Major underlying themes are convergence among regions, capacity building and increased cultural and social interactions, with a substantial reduction in regional differences in per capita income. The A1 scenario family develops into three groups that describe alternative directions of technological change in the energy system. The three A1 groups are distinguished by their technological emphasis: fossil-intensive (A1FI), non-fossil energy sources (A1T) or a balance across all sources (A1B) (where balanced is defined as not relying too heavily on one particular energy source, on the assumption that similar improvement rates apply to all energy supply and end use technologies).

      A1T has a 2.4C estimate. (but : how do you power container ships? long range planes? people who stick to old ICE cars for decades because they have no room to put chargers for everyone)

    44. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You might want to look up how the greenhouse effect actually works. You sound like one of those conspiracy theorists claiming that jet fuel fires burn at one specific temperature, or that a rocket landing on the moon has to make a crater, etc.

    45. Re: Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Same page? Most nations are many chapters ahead of you in lowering CO2. Developing nations aren't even up to the same book you are using. Your country is the standout rich and large and produces massive amounts of CO2 relative to population.
      You may have noticed a lot of developing countries don't exactly have idle nuclear scientists hanging about waiting for reactors to be built, even if they could afford them and afford to wait to use the electricity they want now.

    46. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      If someone puts up a solar panels and drives an electric car, of course it reduces carbon emissions. Not enough to reduce the level of CO2 or to compensate for someone like Windy in a high emission country, but still less than if they didn't do those things.
      Strawman much? Where did I say they were linked?
      Maybe your first step is to explain where you got that idea from.

    47. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You may have noticed the political troubles when the wrong country develops nuclear power. Even Iran, which ranks as rather developed and worked for a decade with other countries to solve the weaponization issue is more or less threatened with war currently. That's down to the US/Israel being crazy but that does nothing good for nuclear power.

      An opposite example is France, a country firmly in the camp of "we do whatever we want" and that controls the nuclear fuel cycle. Corruption and incompetence are up compared to the 20th century, freedom of the press is down. So it's turning more into producer of white elephants. Oh, nuclear industry does have a long future ahead but much of it may be in dismantling the old nuclear plants, to the tune of one hundred billion euros or more.
      It's not known what else will be done exactly : for now we expect a mix of closing down plants, extending plants by 20 years with very expensive "surgery" (this is controversial, I think it's the one with the one hundred billion euro tag actually) and some new reactors and plants here and there.
      Maybe one breeder reactor, which won't burn waste!, such things are designed to burn military plutonium and uranium not strontium and cesium soup

    48. Re:Nice Scaremongering by mi · · Score: 1

      This may be a valid counter-argument. The word "if" is not.

      --
      In Soviet Washington the swamp drains you.
    49. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I have and I've also looked at how the physics of doubling CO2 works.

      jet fuel fires burn at one specific temperature

      Odd comment considering in the above post there is a link to a chart showing the specific heat capacity is different for the different gases, which was meant to show it would take differing amounts of heat being radiated by a single CO2 molecule to raise all of those others equally by 1 degree.

    50. Re:Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Or, you can read the science, esp the chemistry and physics, see it demonstrated, pay attention to all the glaciers that are melting, notice that animals/birds/flauras, etc are moving towards poles, and then make an INTELLIGENT backing of science.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    51. Re:Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      LOL. More BS from Crimson Trunami/Caffinated Bacon.
      The CO2 does NOT raise the temp. Not a SINGLE degree. What the Green House Gases do, is prevent heat from escaping the atmosphere. Normally, it is radiated outwards in the nighttime. BUT GHG traps it and prevents that radiation.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    52. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Then perhaps you can explain how CO2 with an IR absorption rate of less than 11% is blocking all that heat? The math does not add up.

    53. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Funny thing, glaciers melting is not a bad thing. Consider that during the last glacial maximum, things weren't that pleasant:

      During the Last Glacial Maximum, much of the world was cold, dry, and inhospitable, with frequent storms and a dust-laden atmosphere. The dustiness of the atmosphere is a prominent feature in ice cores; dust levels were as much as 20 to 25 times greater than now.[4] This was probably due to a number of factors: reduced vegetation, stronger global winds, and less precipitation to clear dust from the atmosphere.[4] The massive sheets of ice locked away water, lowering the sea level, exposing continental shelves, joining land masses together, and creating extensive coastal plains.[5] During the last glacial maximum, 21,000 years ago, the sea level was about 125 meters (about 410 feet) lower than it is today.

      So glaciers have been melting for over 21,000 years and it has made the world a nicer place to live.

    54. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...And nothing in your post countered GP AC's points of fact.

      The point stands. +/- 100%+ is not a prediction, it's a con artist's tool.

      Don't be a tool, Bro..

    55. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      Warming will not stop at the end of the century unless emissions cease, so it is only a matter of time before we reach 3.5C.

      Warming will not stop even if emissions cease, because the warming comes not from the emission of CO2 or heat, but because of the trapping of heat from the sun by that CO2.

      I guess you could claim you meant to say "emissions from the sun cease", which would be a true fact. Warming would definitely stop if the sun shut off. I assumed you meant "emissions of CO2", so that could be my mistake.

      I haven't yet had time to read the article to see what dire result will come from more "ocean heatwaves".

    56. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So when there's a heat wave in the ocean, we shouldn't talk about it because you might get upset?

    57. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      shis

      The fuck are you trying to say there? At first I thought it was a typo, but then you did it again.

    58. Re:Nice Scaremongering by robsku · · Score: 1

      Can we do it? Honestly, I don't much care. I'll be long gone before it matters.

      Yeah, let our loser children and grandchildren deal with the shit! YEEAHH!! Those fsckers!

      --
      In capitalist USA corporations control the government.
    59. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Layzej · · Score: 2

      Warming will not stop at the end of the century unless emissions cease, so it is only a matter of time before we reach 3.5C.

      Warming will not stop even if emissions cease, because the warming comes not from the emission of CO2 or heat, but because of the trapping of heat from the sun by that CO2.

      To clarify, I meant further warming. And yes, AGW is expected to stop (approximately) when we get to zero emissions because of terrestrial and marine syncs:

      A widely held misconception is that given the approximately 1 C warming to date, and considering the committed warming (warming that will inevitably happen) concealed by ocean thermal inertia, the 1.5 C target of the Paris Agreement is already impossible. However, it is cumulative emissions that define peak warming. When carbon emissions cease, terrestrial and marine sinks are projected to draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), approximately cancelling the lagging warming. Although the sign of this ‘zero emissions commitment’ is uncertain, its contribution can be neglected for low-CO2 scenarios. Therefore, at least when considering CO2 emissions in isolation, keeping below 1.5 C of warming will remain physically achievable until the point that it is reached.

    60. Re:Nice Scaremongering by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      As we came out of the latest ice age the earth has been warming up continuously and will keep doing so
      Actually, no. The temperature is relatively constant with 2 or 3 minimums and 2 or 3 maximums over the course of the last 10,000 years. Exception: human introduced global warming since about 100 years.

      What do you idiots actually learn in school?

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    61. Re:Nice Scaremongering by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Your parent is/was wrong, but this:
      Since then temperatures were slowly cooling toward the next glacial maximum
      Is wrong too.
      The temperature is/was stable besides human introduced global warming ... and will be like this the next few 100,000 years. Hint: you already got it half right, Milankovitch cycles.They are not: 400,000 years cold and 15,000 years warm.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    62. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      Yea, why should those poor third world nations be able to do what us rich first world nations already do.

      Am I to take from this sarcasm that they should be able to do what "us rich first world nations do"? I thought climate science was telling us that what we were doing was a mistake. Perhaps not continuing with a life-ending, global-scale mistake is a good reason why current third world nations should not be able to do what "us rich first world nations" are being told we have to stop doing. What do we solve if the "first world" and "third world" just swap places? Then they'll be the source of CO2 causing AGW and we'll be the countries without the economic resources to mitigate the climate change they are causing. That's your solution?

    63. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      To clarify, I meant further warming.

      No, that just muddies the water even more. By "further warming" do you mean "warming at an increased rate"? Because even warming at the same rate would actually be "further warming" in English. When you say "warming" it means "getting warmer", which is "further warming" when you put it in a future context.

      AGW is expected to stop (approximately) when we get to zero emissions

      It is interesting that we are to accept the predictions of non-climate scientists as fact when they agree with AGW scenarios, but insult and castigate the non-climate scientists when they talk about the opposite view.

      In any case, the "end of the century" is not a wall which will block incoming thermal radiation and cause warming to stop. As long as there is more heat coming into the system than is leaving, the warming continues.

      As for "when carbon emissions cease", well, they never will. Until this climate change accomplishes Gaia's goal of removing all life from Planet Earth, there will be animals emitting CO2. Well, no, that's not quite true. If a sulphur based lifeform takes over, then CO2 emission would cease but SO2 would increase. SO2 is a greenhouse gas, too, isn't it?

    64. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      In the Paris climate agreement nations (except Trump's USA of course) have agreed to limit it to 2C.

      I'll do even better. I'll agree to limit it to 1.01C. Problem solved. Now we can move on to homelessness and solve that.

      Since that is a non-binding agreement and nobody will give a shit, the projected increase is probably going to be 3.5C.

      It was a non-binding agreement to do something that cannot be directly accomplished in the first place. Anyone can say "we're going to limit warming to 2C" when they know they can't actually do that directly and there is no downside to making such a promise. You're right, nobody will give a shit if the projected increase is 2C or 3.5C. What happens is what happens, and your projections won't change that. All that you accomplish by changing the projected increase to 3.5C is give support to those who say that the numbers are all made up anyway. If they won't "give a shit" when you say the projected rise is 2C, then changing the projection to 3.5C to try to make them "give a shit" only proves you're using numbers to scare people.

      Trump pulling the US out of a non-binding, undoable accord was a signal that it didn't mean anything, and being non-binding and unaccomplishable is why it doesn't mean anything. The entire accord was virtue signalling at it's finest, and someone finally said "the emperor has no clothes."

    65. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Layzej · · Score: 1

      By "further warming" do you mean "warming at an increased rate"?

      No. I mean no further warming once we stop burning fossil fuels.

      It is interesting that we are to accept the predictions of non-climate scientists as fact when they agree with AGW scenarios, but insult and castigate the non-climate scientists when they talk about the opposite view.

      I'm not sure what you're referring to here, but the quote I gave was from the literature: (Holden et al. 2018).

      In any case, the "end of the century" is not a wall which will block incoming thermal radiation and cause warming to stop.

      Right. That was my point when I said "Warming will not stop at the end of the century unless emissions cease," but if emissions do cease we can expect that the warming will stop.

      Gaia's goal of removing all life from Planet Earth, there will be animals emitting CO2.

      You've gone well deep into crazy land with that one. That's not sequestered carbon emitted by the animals. It has no effect on atmospheric CO2. AGW will stop when we stop burning fossil fuels.

    66. Re:Nice Scaremongering by The+Evil+Atheist · · Score: 1

      They didn't miss this data, dickhead. They've already collected it, you illiterate shit.

      --
      Those who do not learn from commit history are doomed to regress it.
    67. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      No. I mean no further warming once we stop burning fossil fuels.

      Then you were clarifying something that said exactly what it meant. Since you felt a need to clarify, I assumed it must mean something other than the obvious. But now it refers to "stop burning fossil fuels", when before it was going to take eliminating CO2 emissions.

      I'm not sure what you're referring to here, but the quote I gave was from the literature: (Holden et al. 2018).

      Your link was to a blog at wordpress. The "about me" for the blog author started by saying the author is not a climate scientist. Citing a blog from a non-climate scientist because he agrees with the near-consensus is at odds with the standard practice of insulting and dismissing non-client scientists as "they're not a climate scientist and thus can have no informed opinion about anything to do with climate science" when they have an opposing viewpoint. I didn't say you specifically do that, but that's the standard response when any non-climate scientist tries to point to flaws in the data or how it is interpreted.

      Right. That was my point when I said "Warming will not stop at the end of the century unless emissions cease,"

      "The end of the century" has nothing to do with it. There is no magic to Dec. 31, 2200. If "emissions cease" then either the warming will stop or it won't. It won't, because ceasing emissions will not change the input or output of the heat flow process. The greenhouse will still be a greenhouse.

      You've gone well deep into crazy land with that one.

      Well, it's nice that you notice. I'm echoing some of the crazier concepts that some climate change zealots pronounce. You know, like "Gaia is getting Her revenge on those who ravage her." The point was that unless all animal life is gone, there's going to be CO2 emissions. It's like that song ... "every breath you take, every move you make ..."

      That's not sequestered carbon emitted by the animals. It has no effect on atmospheric CO2.

      Animals are not a carbon sequestering method. We take carbon and oxygen and emit it as CO2.

      AGW will stop when we stop burning fossil fuels.

      AGW is not caused by the heat released when we burn fossil fuels. It is caused by the heat trapped by the CO2 that comes from converting C and O to CO2. That CO2 does not magically disappear at the end of the century, so warming caused by trapped heat will continue -- until the CO2 is actually reduced. Just stopping the use of fossil fuels doesn't remove CO2, and it doesn't stop all CO2 emission. (And this is ignoring other greenhouse gasses like methane, which will come bubbling up from the frigid ocean bottoms once the methane hydrates warm up and release it. Have you ever seen "burning ice"? I have. A chunk of methane hydrate looks just like ice, but you can light it on fire. You don't need to burn it to have a greenhouse gas, even.)

    68. Re:Nice Scaremongering by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      Pretty much all of the records of Holocene temperatures I've see show a slight cooling trend from about 8,000 years ago. It's not a lot, less than 1 degree C but it's definitely a cooling trend.

    69. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      We have been told to stop, but that's quite different from actually stopping.
      Entitled asshats like Windy like to complain that a Chinese person has increased his CO2 from 6 to 6.1 or an Indian from 2 to 3 or a third worlder from .6 to .7. All these people are aparently killing the planet according to people like him. But they never like it when you mentoin Americans are already emitting 16 tons each and barely slowing down.

      You want to cut CO2, cut it from the people who make the most, not the people who make the least.

      I get it though, we like to stay on top as long as we can, and stopping other countries from catching up is a good way to do it.

      Why swap places? If you think there is a level that it's ok to emit at, pick it. I'm sure the less wasteful, less entitled countries, will get there first. America Canada Australia etc will be the last ones to get there.
      That's not even considering those poor countries make a lot of our stuff. We outsource a lot of our CO2 to those countries and then blame then and not us for the waste.

      Are you really going to tell a Chinese person he can't buy a car because it will increase China's CO2 and be bad for the environment, all while America drives the most inefficient fleet of cars. Are you going to tell the Indian he can't have air-conditioning because it will use too much electricity, while your electricity for just cooling is more than 10 Indian families use in total?
      Why us and not them? If the things they are doing to be like us are bad, shouldn't we stop doing them as well?
      Why are we surprised when they don't listen to us or take us seriously.

    70. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Fuck off Windy. What makes you think that pile of gibberish was me? Oh right, you're trying to discredit me because I keep pointing out your lies and how stupid you are.

    71. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      It doesn't have to block all the heat retard, just block more than before to trap more heat than before, that trapped heat builds up. It's almost simple enough for Windy to understand.

    72. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Or, you can read the science, esp the chemistry and physics,

      Yes. You should have just stopped here.

      see it demonstrated, pay attention to all the glaciers that are melting, notice that animals/birds/flauras, etc are moving towards poles, and then make an INTELLIGENT backing of science.

      No.
      that is just observation and correlation, it doesn't prove CO2 is the cause.
      Of course the first three things prove it is, so the rest isn't necessary.
      Just pointing out you don't really understand how science works and just like to spout talking points and Windy feelings (lies mostly).

    73. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      So sea level rising 125 meters is a good thing? Lets rise it another 125 meters and see if it gets even better.
      Lets melt all the glaciers then and it will get even nicer...
      You're pretty stupid, are you sure you aren't Windy?
      Maybe just Windy pretending to be me again so he can correct it and pretend he's smart.

    74. Re: Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      That pile of shit is pure you fucking liar.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    75. Re: Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      It's obvious you are the pure shit fucking liar Windy. I've pointed out many of yours, you are still to find a single one of mine.
      You are just a ranting lunatic.

    76. Re: Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      And yet, point out lies by you and you deny them.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    77. Re: Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Of course I deny them and show they aren't lies? Are you retarded?

    78. Re: Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Hey dumb fuck. I'm the one concerned about AGW. You are just an idiot troll.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    79. Re: Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      At least read and understand the posts you are replying to. I used small words.
      You aren't really concerned about AGW. You just like to blame China and developing countries, and pretend the US has clean hands. If you really cared you would be after the big polluters, not just the big countries.

    80. Re:Nice Scaremongering by allcoolnameswheretak · · Score: 1

      Trump pulling the US out of a non-binding, undoable accord was a signal that it didn't mean anything, and being non-binding and unaccomplishable is why it doesn't mean anything. The entire accord was virtue signalling at it's finest, and someone finally said "the emperor has no clothes."

      I wish you were right since that would mean that Trump pulling out was a thoughtful and morally weighted decision because he intelligently concluded that the Paris agreement didn't go far enough and was vapor due to being non-binding.

      I wouldn't agree with that assessment either, since even a non-binding agreement is better than none at all, since it means that the world is at least acknowledging the problem. But at least his reasoning would be sound.

      Unfortunately those were not his motivations. His reasons where that he claimed it would hurt US industry and he doesn't believe in climate change, famously labeling it a "hoax".

    81. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      slazyrio here, not enough karma (and the climate zealots are doing their best to destroy it some more) to post.

      Where is the greenhouse? There is no greenhouse.

      If heat 'gets trapped' in the atmosphere that means the air heats up and then convection does its thing and transports it to higher spheres, like 12,000 km high or so, where convection stops because pressure is too low. (I have no idea how that's supposed to work though.)

    82. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      slazyrio here, not enough karma (and the climate zealots are doing their best to destroy it some more) to post.

      It's not too difficult.
      A greenhouse is a man made contraption with a transparent roof to prevent convective heat transfer to take place.
      Show me the roof please and I might believe in your almighty greenhouse.

    83. Re: Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      slazyrio here, not enough karma (and the climate zealots are doing their best to destroy it some more) to post.

      That single CO2 molecule is not an ideal gas. If it gets pushed into a higher energetic state by absorption of IR radiation, it has various modes in which it can put that energy, bending, vibration, speed (in 3 directions).
      If it is converted into speed, it quite soon will find another molecule, and chances are overwhelming that it's not CO2. During the collision it will transfer some of its energy to that other molecule in the air.
      In other words, it doesn't have to lose its heat through radiation, it can do that through collisions.

      Those other molecules will now have heated up a bit too, and will collide with others, etc. etc., with the effect that the heat originally dissipated by that one molecule CO2 spreads through the atmosphere in a process which I think is best described with the usual term 'heat diffusion'.

      Now we have a ball of gas with a slightly higher temperature than its surrounding neighbors, and therefore with a lower density, with the result that it will float upward, all the while also converting some of its kinetic energy (that is: the kinetic energy of its constituting gas molecules) into potential (gravitational) energy, until its density (hence temperature) equals that of the surrounding part of the atmosphere.

      I've read somewhere that this process can occur up to a height where the local pressure reaches 0.1 bar (10kPa), below which this convection doesn't take place, for reasons that I don't know.

      There's no need for any radiation here.

      A gas is not a black body as Boltzman meant when he described his T^4 law. (Although I don't know exactly what that has to do with it. :) )

    84. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      slazyrio here.

      Ok. But the graph shows a warming during roughly the latest 500 years and some of that would by now reach the deep oceans, releasing CO2 in a constant manner and decided by Henry's law, not by how much we put in the atmosphere, the excess of which indeed is absorbed. The rather constant increase in CO2, not exponential, illustrates my point.

      They didn't stop cooling when we started emitting industrial CO2, they stopped cooling 500 years ago.

    85. Re:Nice Scaremongering by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Sorry that makes no sence.
      The last glacial period ended 16,000 - 12,000 years ago, depending how you count.
      If there was a 'cooling trend' it certainly has nothing to do with the next glacial period, which is several hundret thousand years away in the future. With current CO2 levels it is unlikely we get another one anyway.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    86. Re: Nice Scaremongering by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      You lie again. I have never once said that America is innocent in this. We have a long ways to go ( and it appears trump IS causing harm ). I have said that America was headed in the correct direction, but we all need to lower our emissions. I blast China, because I happen to know ppl on oco2 and other climate group. They are quietly telling ppl that China's emissions are still growing and it will take OCO-3 to show it to the world. China's COMMUNIST gov rarely allow outside scientist in to measure. I know 1 of the groups that was allowed in earlier and they quietly added CO2 measurements to what they were allowed. Their measurements showed great deal more than what the gov claimed for areas. That is why I speak out about all gov, not just 1 like you do.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    87. Re: Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Pu lease, you are only kidding yourself. You are constantly patting yourself on the back for the great job America is doing and ranting about coal and China. Even 2 sentences after you claim "I have never once said that America is innocent in this." you pretend they are ok because they are heading in the right direction.
      American people pollute just about the most, and most of it is transport, yet you always go on and on about coal, never oil, or soon to be bigger in the US Natural gas. not a peep. Just China and coal, you are like a broken record, and you lie constantly.
      Where did all the extra emissions go? If China is putting out so much more like you claim, why isn't it backed up by the measurements of the CO2 directly?

    88. Re:Nice Scaremongering by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      I'm just reporting what scientists have found that there has been a slight cooling trend since about 8,000 years ago. Try to find a temperature record that says something different.

      For about the last million years the cycle of glacial periods has been a little over 100,000 years long between interglacial periods. There is some evidence that this current interglacial period was going to be longer than the average of around 10,000-20,000 years but it's not known for sure that that is true. But you are correct, at current CO2 levels there is no chance of a new glacial period commencing. CO2 would have to get below 250 ppm for that to happen.

    89. Re:Nice Scaremongering by riverat1 · · Score: 1

      By Henry's law the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in the atmosphere above the liquid. As the temperature of the liquid increases the amount of gas it can hold drops. But human emissions of CO2 have increased the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere by over 40% in the past 200 years which is enough to overcome the reduction in solubility from temperature increases. The increase in dissolved CO2 in the oceans has been measured so we know it's happening.

    90. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      We have been told to stop, but that's quite different from actually stopping.

      Of course that's true.

      It is still hypocritical to argue that third world nations should be allowed to do something that you claim is a world-destroying, life-threatening mistake, and you are telling the first world nations to stop.

      You want to cut CO2, cut it from the people who make the most, not the people who make the least.

      Also of course. But telling third world nations they can continue on the upward path while demanding others slide backwards is hypocritical. Either everyone has to refrain from destroying the planet or nobody has to.

      And, I'll point out, third world countries that are already low CO2 emitters have to cut much less, in absolute terms, than any first world country. "Revert to 1990 levels" is a lot of CO2 for large countries, but not much for the third world.

      I get it though, we like to stay on top as long as we can, and stopping other countries from catching up is a good way to do it.

      I get it. You hate the planet, so you'd rather that the third world "catch up" to the emissions of the first world ones.

      Why swap places?

      Because that's what draconian limits on first world economies and no limits on third world ones would result in. It's a result, not a specific goal.

      Are you really going to tell a Chinese person he can't buy a car because it will increase China's CO2 and be bad for the environment, all while America drives the most inefficient fleet of cars.

      Are you not going to tell a Chinese person that his action is going to cause harm to the planet just because someone someplace else hasn't listened to you? Spite much?

      Why are we surprised when they don't listen to us or take us seriously.

      We aren't, because we've had a series of leaders who do stupid things like sign on to useless, meaningless, virtue-signalling protocols that promised the moon but could achieve nothing but creating more hot air. The only people who are surprised are those who were deluded into thinking that such diplomatic solutions were going to accomplish technological goals.

      There's an Internet meme for this. Anytime someone proposes laws or rules that they claim would stop spam, a common response is a stock form with checkbox items explaining why it won't work. One of those items is "you are proposing a sociological solution to a technical problem."

    91. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      I wish you were right since that would mean that Trump pulling out was a thoughtful and morally weighted decision because he intelligently concluded that the Paris agreement didn't go far enough and was vapor due to being non-binding.

      I am right, even if the reason he made the decision didn't include "didn't go far enough". "Didn't go far enough" is so vague as to be as useless as the accord itself. Would more draconian promises without any binding effects be any better, even though it would be "going further" than the existing accord?

      since even a non-binding agreement is better than none at all, since it means that the world is at least acknowledging the problem.

      There is that one small upside, but the larger downside is that it means "the world" also assumes that it has done something significant when it has done nothing. Well, lots of diplomats got a nice vacation in Paris and got to eat a lot of expensive French food and stay in nice hotels, and a lot of them got to brag about how much good they did for the health of the planet, but I don't consider that to be significant accomplishment.

      Unfortunately those were not his motivations. His reasons where that he claimed it

      I'm sorry, but you're confusing what he said about the accord with why he actually pulled us out. What he claimed it would do is not necessarily the reason he pulled us out. He's also right, in that DOING what the non-binding accord calls for would hurt US industry and the economy. But since there was no requirement to DO, the accord meant nothing, and pulling out was a sign that virtue signalling is not a reasonable approach to solving a technological problem.

    92. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Way to miss the forest for the trees.
      I see how you tried to argue 'point by point' but failed to understand (intentionally) the 1 and only point. Rich people consume more and emit the most CO2. It's a fact. They act like they are entitled to do it.
      Not too bad as trolls go 5/10. But all of your points are easily shown to be disingenuous. Why are we entitled to more than them? Answer that simple question and I may believe you are slightly serious.

      You show your obvious entitlement mentality when you talk of reverting to 1990 levels. You want to go back to a time when we still emitted the most, and other countries were even poorer and even less developed than they are now. It's absurd on the face of it. You plan is to grandfather in our high levels of pollution and stop everyone else from developing. I'll ask you again, why are we entitled to more than them?

      If you seriously think 1990 levels of CO2 emissions are the target. fine, total up the numbers and split that number evenly per person. Fair for all sized countries big and small. You will find developing countries will be able to emit much more CO2 than now as they catch up to the west, and countries like America will need to cut by 3/4 or so. Good luck. But we need to decrease from 1990, so maybe we should cut 4/5 instead. Will you do it? No you're entitled to the life you are used to, it's always other people who are the problem, can't let them be like you.

    93. Re:Nice Scaremongering by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      Why are we entitled to more than them? Answer that simple question

      I didn't say we were. I said it was hypocritical to tell one group that what they are doing is bad and evil while you tell another group that it ok for them to continue. Period.

      You show your obvious entitlement mentality when you talk of reverting to 1990 levels.

      I don't really give a damn what year you use for defining baseline. Being a hypocrite isn't in the year you choose, it's in having two different messages.

      You plan is to grandfather in our high levels of pollution

      The fact you think I have "a plan" proves you either didn't bother reading what I actually wrote, or your reading comprehension skills are seriously failing you.

    94. Re:Nice Scaremongering by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

      Trolls gunna troll I guess.
      You think telling people they cant be like you isn't hypocritical? You obviously aren't serious.

  3. I heard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Correlation is not causation.

    1. Re:I heard by Dragonslicer · · Score: 1

      Correlation is not causation.

      But it does waggle its eyebrows suggestively and gesture furtively while mouthing 'look over there'.

  4. If the powers preaching climate change by Jarwulf · · Score: 2, Insightful

    doom really cared about it we'd have gone balls to the wall nuclear power decades ago and have safe hi tech nukepower oozing out of every orifice. But nope, instead they thought a better idea would be to use it as a chance to keep pushing to consolidate power and control in a few hands and tactics that have failed before and will continue to fail again like guilt people into living like monks to save a drop of carbon here and there.

    1. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm assuming you're the same AC who posted this comment further up:

      Fucking moron claims that the rest of the world is stupid. Yet you are still a fucking moron. Please, do us all a favor and eat a bullet.

      What's wrong with you? If you want to discredit him then explain why nuclear power "failed." You can't, because the only reason nuclear power "failed" is because of very angry lunatics such as yourself who caused investment and development to be halted.

      Nuclear power is the best way to reduce carbon output, but the people most fanatical about climate change are the same ones who are most fanatically anti-nuclear.

    2. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ban straws. That will help ...

      ... people to get more and more fed up with environmentalist assholes trying to impose their choices on everyone. Better hope climate change isn't real, because you're teaching people not to listen to environmentalist jerks on any subject.

    3. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Obligatory link back to reality. Compare the "failed" nuclear in places like France, Sweden and Ontario to the "renewable" utopia of Germany. Along with carbon intensity, don't forget to check prices.

      Green ideology is the worst impediment to effective decarbonization. Please don't fund the big green groups that favor one brand of clean energy over another, and are actively working to kill large sources of clean energy.

    4. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Well, there WAS, until the Obama Administration decided otherwise...

      --
      Browsing at +1 - no ACs, I ignore their posts. So refreshing!
    5. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 2, Interesting

      doom really cared about it we'd have gone balls to the wall nuclear power decades ago and have safe hi tech nukepower oozing out of every orifice.

      Nuclear power doesn't solve climate change, it offsets the carbon problem into a radio-isotope problem, which is worse that a carbon problem. Nuclear Energy doesn't work because it doesn't provide an energy return on the energy invested. This is mainly because water cooled reactors are less than one percent efficient wrt the energy potential in the fuel.

      There are other reasons, heat load on the environment is another. Nuclear looks great until you begin to understand and analyze it, then it looks like a really bad idea.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    6. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why do you old dinosaurs keep pushing nuclear? Solar is already cheaper than coal or nuclear, with far fewer long term environmental negatives.

    7. Re: If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Air travel is very damaging to the environment. Hydrocarbons are one of the few ways to store enough energy and keep the weight sufficiently low for flight. Wouldn't it be possible to engineer a containment vessel to prevent the release of fission materials in the event of a crash? Nuclear submarines already exist. We use nuclear fission to power the instruments on space probes. It seems like nuclear aircraft are probably feasible as well. Then allow reprocessing of nuclear fuel to avoid much of the issues with waste. I'm not opposed to nuclear power, though there are also areas where renewable are cheaper and more practical. We should fund research and development for nuclear aircraft, then provide subsidies for airlines to recycle materials from old aircraft, retire them, and replace them by purchasing nuclear aircraft.

    8. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Crashmarik · · Score: 4, Informative

      So much wrong in so short a post.

      Lets start
      1. Nothing "Solves" climate change. The climate is going to keep changing no matter what.
      2. Nuclear in this context is meant to eliminate CO2 emissions which are measured in megatons vs Rad waste which is measured in tons.
      3. Nuclear provides the best energy return currently available
      4. Nuclear power current designs hit 45% efficiency https://energyeducation.ca/enc...

      Thank you for being an example.

    9. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Crashmarik · · Score: 0

      Why do you old dinosaurs keep pushing nuclear? Solar is already cheaper than coal or nuclear, with far fewer long term environmental negatives.

      Wow go to a political site that has no bones about fabricating shit whole cloth to get your points ?

    10. Re: If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because nuclear works in the north, in winters when there is no sun or wind.

    11. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Why do you old dinosaurs keep pushing nuclear?

      I'm not an old dinosaur, but my guess would be: Because the only places where they burn no coal at all (e.g. Ontario) or only a very small amount (France, Sweden), have achieved that by heavy reliance on nuclear energy; because Fukushima --a rare worst case scenario accident with a 0 death toll --has proven the relative safety of nuclear power (the land lost to that accident will not register against the land lost to climate change); and because old dinosaurs prefer proven working solutions over looks-economic-on-paper vapour solutions? ... But that's just my guess of course.

      If you are a committed opponent of nuclear energy, however the economics vs other green energy sources may eventually pan out, you are simply not taking climate change anywhere near seriously enough.

    12. Re: If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maritime transport, which accounts for roughly 3% of global carbon emissions is a better target, as they are burning bunker fuel in international waters, which is absolutely filthy and unregulated. Large ships are an ideal application for nuclear power, and it would also allow travel at greater speeds, making it more attractive for passenger transport as well. I'd certainly prefer an ocean cruise to TSA molestation, given the option.

      The impact of aviation is more than I realized, but nuclear aircraft are probably not the answer you are looking for. It makes more sense to use nuclear heat on the ground to produce carbon-neutral synthetic fuels for aircraft and existing vehicles, which will be around for a long time. Or if it can be made economical, produced using the unwanted waste energy from renewables when their output exceeds demand, and can't be stored by other means. This is a common occurrence at higher penetrations of wind and solar, because of the overbuild necessary to compensate for the low capacity factor.

    13. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 4, Informative

      1. Nothing "Solves" climate change. The climate is going to keep changing no matter what.

      Agreed.

      2. Nuclear in this context is meant to eliminate CO2 emissions which are measured in megatons vs Rad waste which is measured in tons.

      Current stockpiles of pu239 is 70,000 tons, current stockpiles of u235 is 700,000 plus tons, current stockpiles of radioactive mine tailings is also in megatons. Can you point to any Nuclear Industry experts who specialize in dealing with these issues?

      The various mechanisms the man made radio isotope make it into the foodchain is process called bio-accumulate. If that wasn't a problem then we would be able to swim in places like Lake Karachay. Then there is the National Geographic article which took an inventory of the world nuclear waste and found that there is enough to fill a freight train that goes 1 and a half times around the equator of the earth.

      Since the nuclear industry do not have a solution to this issue Nuclear energy is not a viable solution to the worlds energy needs. All it means is we have two problems instead of one.

      3. Nuclear provides the best energy return currently available

      No. The peer reviewed science from over 10 universities around the world beg to differ in a study that uses established methods for industrial energetic input. Nuclear power provides no energetic return on energy invested.

      4. Nuclear power current designs hit 45% efficiency https://energyeducation.ca/enc...

      Speaking of context, lets go back to the original context of what I said: This is mainly because water cooled reactors are less than one percent efficient wrt the energy potential in the fuel. Specifically I am referring to burnup rate of the nuclear fuel in the once through cycle. Now the wiki article is particularly generous saying that it is 5%, which I don't agree with however it makes my point adequately.

      Second I read the page you sent, thank you. The 45% you are referring to are for reactors that are not deployed and not licensed to produce electricity. Any scaling of Gen IV reactor technology will be occurring very slowly *IF* and thats a big *IF* the materials technology come through to produce them (which I hope it does come through).

      So much wrong in so short a post.

      If I post an opinion on Nuclear Power, I check my facts before I post.

      Thank you for being an example.

      No, Thank you!

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    14. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They are only cheaper that Nuclear because excessive regulations and inevitable litigation along every step of the process of opening a nuclear plant have pushed the time a costs of building one to 10's of billions and a decade or more just to break ground on a site.

      Cut the lawsuits and excessive regulatory red tape and the cost of a large scale plant drops dramatically. That plant then produces megawatts of power for decades and the cost is a fraction of Solar and Wind, it's also a stable baseload source that isn't dependent on the whims of weather to function. It's there, and it can increase output from baseload requirements in time with demand. With solar peak demand starts just as Solar output starts dropping. With wind, no wind and too much wind will both shut it down.

      If you are serious about fighting Global Warming due to Carbon output you should be backing Nuclear with every ounce of strength you have.

    15. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      If this wasn't posted by MrKaos, one might mistake it for satire, as every last statement within is exactly backwards. Well, except the "My ism, it's full of beliefs.", which is spot on.

      Nuclear "waste" is the best kind of waste; it is small in volume, easily managed, and disappears naturally. Once the fuel is consumed completely--and this can be done in advanced reactors--almost all of the remaining fission products decay to stability after a few centuries. Even in a world powered 100% by nuclear, the amount of "waste" will reach a steady state, where the fission products are decaying at the same rate that fuel is being loaded. The amount will never increase beyond that, and it will still be small and manageable. It will also contain many useful elements that have substantial economic value after they stabilize. (and some are even more valuable before they stabilize, for medical and other applications)

    16. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If it really is that cheap, please explain this. Also, why is electricity so expensive in Germany and other renewable heavy locations? Wind and solar are only "cheaper" with lavish subsidies and mandates, while ignoring the balancing costs they impose on the grid with their intermittent energy flows. Batteries are not included, and gas turbines need to be kept spinning, ready to pick up the slack.

    17. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      On facebook, youtube, twitter etc., your IP would be banned for hate speach.
      I laud the fact that this doesn't happen here at Slashdot.

    18. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      And above all: NOTHING solves climate change.

    19. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      In your world mankind also disappears 'naturally'.
      Thank you very much.

    20. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      And now your counter arguments please.

    21. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Crashmarik · · Score: 2

      Current stockpiles of pu239 is 70,000 tons, current stockpiles of u235 is 700,000 plus tons, current stockpiles of radioactive mine tailings is also in megatons. Can you point to any Nuclear Industry experts who specialize in dealing with these issues?

      That isn't an issue that's fuel, and thousand is not mega it's kilo. Do you want to throw in mine tailings for less energy dense fuels ? Or do you wish to just keep on embarrassing yourself here ?

      No. The peer reviewed science from over 10 universities around the world beg to differ [stormsmith.nl]

      Peer reviewed does not mean correct. The IAEA disagrees https://inis.iaea.org/collecti...

      Speaking of context, lets go back to the original context of what I said: This is mainly because water cooled reactors are less than one percent efficient wrt the energy potential in the fuel. Specifically I am referring to burnup rate of the nuclear fuel [wikipedia.org] in the once through cycle

      No you shouldn't talk about things you don't understand, that was the thermodynamic efficiency of the power plant. I figured you wouldn't recognize it for what it is and you didn't disappoint.

    22. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Whibla · · Score: 1

      While there are some interesting links in your post (though, alas, I'm not a subscriber to Nat Geo so I have no idea if that's 'useful' or not, or how the waste it apparently refers to compares with waste from, for example, mine tailings and coal ash), I'm going to have to draw your attention to something you wrote:

      The various mechanisms the man made radio isotope make it into the foodchain is process called bio-accumulate. If that wasn't a problem then we would be able to swim in places like Lake Karachay.

      Excuse me for saying so, but, other than being a complete non-sequitur, this is akin to saying nuclear power is bad because we can't swim in nuclear waste cooling pools (which is what Lake Karachay was effectively turned into by the Soviets). Well, duh! Reindeer grazing on 'radioactive' moss is bio-accumulation; Setting aside areas to store nuclear waste is not.

      If I post an opinion on Nuclear Power, I check my facts before I post.

      Just out of curiosity, how are you at checking and accounting for confirmation bias?

    23. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 1

      Current stockpiles of pu239 is 70,000 tons

      This is, of course, irrelevant to nuclear power. Pu-239 is produced for use in nuclear weapons only. A standard reactor doesn't produce Pu-239 any more than a gasoline engine produces plastics as a side-effect.

      --

      "I do not agree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it"
    24. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      Banning an IP is pointless.
      My IP chanfes every few days and another one gets my old one ...
      That is true for nearly everyone using xDSL.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    25. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Just out of curiosity, how are you at checking and accounting for confirmation bias?

      Which bias are you assuming I have?

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    26. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Current stockpiles of pu239 is 70,000 tons

      This is, of course, irrelevant to nuclear power. Pu-239 is produced for use in nuclear weapons only. A standard reactor doesn't produce Pu-239 any more than a gasoline engine produces plastics as a side-effect.

      It's a good point. Considering a reactor core is around 160 tons and IIRC a refuel is on third of the core every eighteen months * 400 reactors world wide for since the 1950s, that's a lot of spent fuel from reactors I haven't included.

      Thanks for pointing that out.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    27. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      Well, except the "My ism, it's full of beliefs.", which is spot on.

      Well at least you can admit to it.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    28. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Man, the anti-nuke whackos are about as bad and as stupid as the anti-AGW whackos.

    29. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 2

      Can you point to any Nuclear Industry experts who specialize in dealing with these issues?

      Or do you wish to just keep on embarrassing yourself here ?

      I thought not.

      That isn't an issue that's fuel, and thousand is not mega it's kilo.

      oh boy, here we go again with the magic breeder technology that may have worked if it wasn't lobbied out of existence by the oil and coal industry - quick b lame the nimbys and greenies for ruining the nuclear future you idealize.

      Do you want to throw in mine tailings for less energy dense fuels ?

      First mine tailings have to be created to extract the Uranium ore. Second a lot of CO is created in that process. Third it leaks radon gas permanently and that usually ends rolling down hill to any water source because gravity. Radon is highly water soluble.

      Peer reviewed does not mean correct. The IAEA disagrees

      The IAEA's charter says it is an organization that is dedicated to promoting Nuclear Power. That means it is biased towards promoting nuclear power. Or, shock, horror are you going to suggest that they ignore their own charter and NOT promote Nuclear Power?

      No you shouldn't talk about things you don't understand, that was the thermodynamic efficiency of the power plant.

      No, you shouldn't misrepresent claims whilst you're being condescending because it makes it much harder to forgive your mistakes when you act like a jerk.

      Considering that you are referring to the thermodynamic efficiency of GenIV reactors that aren't approved for producing electricity your counterargument demonstrates your lack of understanding of the technology. The primary reasons for *having* a GenIV reactor is specifically *because* they have a high fuel burn-up rate than water cooled reactors. I'm not interested in the thermodynamic efficiency of the plant, I'm interested in the burn-up rate of the reactor and what materials technology extends the lifespan of the reactor core to 100+ years. That's what drives efficiency into the fuel cycle. If you don't understand why then how can you argue for the technology?

      I figured you wouldn't recognize it for what it is and you didn't disappoint.

      You Nuclear Ideologists always have to get personal don't you. You can't talk about the merits and short comings of the technology just kick the magical thinking into overdrive and ridicule anyone that disagrees. For once maybe you should consider the flaws of Nuclear power and propose ways to fix them, instead of labeling me as anti-nuke to justify all slurs and avoid the issues.

      Disown, insult, fuzz argument, repeat. That's why the arguments of Nuclear Ideologists have zero credibility and the Nuclear Industry can never evolve.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    30. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Crashmarik · · Score: 2

      You Nuclear Ideologists always have to get personal don't you. You can't talk about the merits and short comings of the technology just kick the magical thinking into overdrive and ridicule anyone that disagrees. For once maybe you should consider the flaws of Nuclear power and propose ways to fix them, instead of labeling me as anti-nuke to justify all slurs and avoid the issues.

      Actually I did consider the flaws of nuclear power. It's just very hard to talk to an idiot that thinks nuclear power plants don't produce net power. I mean it takes a certain kind of crazy to take a look at say France a country that is almost entirely powered by nuclear power and has the lowest cost of electricity in the EU, and say nope they don't actually exist.

      Oh and P.S.

      Considering that you are referring to the thermodynamic efficiency of GenIV reactors

      Wrong again, would you like to try to demonstrate that you actually understand what thermodynamic efficiency means in this context and why even more importantly it's not relevant or at all important ?

    31. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I had ADSL with never changing IP. You'd better get a business account if you want a guaranteed fixed IP but it was really really long lived, just because the ISP didn't bother rotating I suppose.
      My first ADSL on the historical phone company as ISP was much different : PPPoE, and it would disconnect every 24 hours. (If needed auto-reconnect tools were available. It must have taken very little time for someone to write it when service became available)
      Amusingly, with PPPoE you "dial" up but there is no phone number to dial. I caught porn malware trying to dial in a foreign taxed number (Belgium) fruitlessly.

    32. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Countries like France, Russia are developing breeder reactors to burn some of the military plutonium (like from decaying old bombs that you have to get rid of because we didn't get to use them, and probably excess stock)
      It keeps scientists and engineers busy I suppose.
      If a fair few such reactors get made that's like the equivalent of a couple big coal power plants, so irrelevant to global warming.

    33. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by tbannist · · Score: 2

      No. The peer reviewed science from over 10 universities around the world beg to differ in a study that uses established methods for industrial energetic input. Nuclear power provides no energetic return on energy invested.

      I don't think I'm following your reasoning here. It looks like you're referring to Energy Return on Energy Investment (EROEI) graph in section 12, however, the graph for Nuclear EROEI seems is based on the assumption that high quality uranium to fuel nuclear power plants will run out in the year 2070. That makes the EROEI for the plants go to 0 at that point (which is worst than break even, because it represents a 100% loss of the invested energy). I looked for a better source that would give me some comparison values and I found this meta-analysis. In it, the authors conclude that the average nuclear plant has a 14:1 EROEI (look for figure 3 for the comparison graph), you source has a EROIE of about 2.5 for current plants, which is much lower. It's slightly lower than wind and coal and slightly higher than solar PV. As an aside, I found an article on Forbes that claimed nuclear had an EROEI of 75, but I think it's an editorial from a nuclear industry advocate...

      It's important to note that the EROEI for coal, natural gas, and oil are all declining as it becomes more expensive (and energy-intensive) to access new deposits. The EROEI for nuclear may also decline, I can't be sure if the original analysis included the energy cost to store nuclear waste (What energy for storage? Well, you probably need to employ guards at the storage site for at least 60 years, for example, and they probably like heating, air conditioning, lights and maybe a fridge to keep their lunch in). The Solar PV and the wind values should increase as better construction techniques and materials decrease the energy investment cost of materials.

      So can you provide a clear explaination why you think nuclear has an EROIE of 1?

      --
      Fanatically anti-fanatical
    34. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by blindseer · · Score: 1

      This is, of course, irrelevant to nuclear power. Pu-239 is produced for use in nuclear weapons only. A standard reactor doesn't produce Pu-239 any more than a gasoline engine produces plastics as a side-effect.

      Huh?

      In any operating nuclear reactor containing U-238, some plutonium-239 will accumulate in the nuclear fuel.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      Of course Pu-239 is produced in a reactor, that's what's called "reactor grade plutonium".

      Reactor-grade plutonium/RGPu is the isotopic grade of plutonium that is found in spent nuclear fuel after the primary fuel, that of Uranium-235 that a nuclear power reactor uses, has (burnt up/burnup).

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      It's not "reactor grade" only because it is produced in a reactor but because it's only use is in producing power in a reactor, it's worthless for weapons because it contains too much Pu-240 and/or Pu-238.

      In a 2008 paper, Kessler et al. used a thermal analysis to conclude that a hypothetical nuclear explosive device was "technically unfeasible" using reactor grade plutonium from a reactor that had a burn up value of 30 GWd/t using "low technology" designs akin to Fat Man with spherical explosive lenses, or 55 GWd/t for "medium technology" designs.

      According to the Kessler et al. criteria, "high-technology" hypothetical nuclear explosive devices(HNEDs), that could be produced by the experienced nuclear weapons states(NWSs) would be technically unfeasible with reactor-grade plutonium containing more than approximately 9% of the heat generating Pu-238 isotope.

      What this reactor grade plutonium is good for is jump starting fourth generation nuclear power plants.
      https://articles.thmsr.nl/the-...

      --
      I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
    35. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 1

      You Nuclear Ideologists always have to get personal don't you. You can't talk about the merits and short comings of the technology just kick the magical thinking into overdrive and ridicule anyone that disagrees. For once maybe you should consider the flaws of Nuclear power and propose ways to fix them, instead of labeling me as anti-nuke to justify all slurs and avoid the issues.

      Actually I did consider the flaws of nuclear power.

      Specifically which ones?

      Can you point to any Nuclear Industry experts who specialize in dealing with these issues?

      It's just very hard to talk to an idiot

      Indeed.

      that thinks nuclear power plants don't produce net power.

      W.....H......O.....O.....S.......H

      If you can't engage the right mindset to think about Nuclear Power you should not advocate for it. If you can't think systemically then you aren't equipped mentally to discuss nuclear power.

      I mean it takes a certain kind of crazy to take a look at say France a country that is almost entirely powered by nuclear power and has the lowest cost of electricity in the EU, and say nope they don't actually exist.

      Oh and P.S.

      Perhaps you are frustrated that you are too ignorant to understand and to lazy to educate yourself? I've given you the data, now all you have to do is overcome your own cognitive dissonance.

      Considering that you are referring to the thermodynamic efficiency of GenIV reactors

      Wrong again, would you like to try to demonstrate that you actually understand what thermodynamic efficiency means in this context and why even more importantly it's not relevant or at all important ?

      No. I don't know how many times I have to tell you I wasn't talking about that, I really don't care about it and from the beginning of this conversation I wasn't interested in discussing it.

      You still haven't been able to make the intuitive leap as to why it is not as important compared to the burn-up rate a reactor design achieves. I could give you an explanation using a molten salt or lead Gen IV design however since you think I'm a crazy idiot and continue to hurl insults what could I possibly offer you that you would rationally consider as it is clear you have made up your mind about my position.

      I'm not really interested in insulting you back, I can't see a compelling reason why I would I waste my time giving you anything more than I already because I don't think you have much to offer this discussion.

      Have a nice day.

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
    36. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude, you have been officially owned by MrKaos. You're just embarrassing yourself now, stop while you're ahead please.

    37. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by Crashmarik · · Score: 1

      Nuclear power doesn't solve climate change, it offsets the carbon problem into a radio-isotope problem, which is worse that a carbon problem. Nuclear Energy doesn't work because it doesn't provide an energy return on the energy invested. This is mainly because water cooled reactors are less than one percent efficient wrt the energy potential in the fuel.
      -- MrKaos

      I can see why you don't want to go back to the beginning of the conversation because your position is so obviously wrong.

      Once again anyone who can say nuclear reactors don't produce net energy is an idiot.

      BTW have you figured out why the thermodynamic efficiency of Nuclear Power Plants of little importance yet ? Or have you at least learned what it is ?

    38. Re:If the powers preaching climate change by MrKaos · · Score: 1
      Thanks for a well thought out post, to answer it properly I have to break up your post and answer in sections to build context. My opinions are based upon the currently deployed Nuclear reactor technology licensed to be operating today, that is water cooled once through cycle reactors.

      The expected lifetime output of a brand new AP1000 reactor is about 1080 Peta joules if you are able to run the reactor at high levels of utilization and availability over its service life of forty years. This number can be more or less depending on the characteristics of the reactor. Obviously operators want to extend the service life of an operating reactor to increase the energetic yield, so some are operated beyond their service life and pushing them out to 60 years.

      However due to a phenomenon cal neutron embrittlement, the steel of the reactor vessel itself can start to break apart, which leads to failure of the reactor and whatever consequences come from that, so you can't just keep extending the life. If you ran it at 50% of it's potential maximum and slowly wound it down to 0%, you might get it to 80 years.

      This study uses 150 years operational life for the reactor, so that's the pessimistic side of the discussion which is also referenced by the EU parliament. I drew on the original Vattanfal documents for the optimistic side of the calculations which are referenced in the IPCC 4th assessment report, working group 3, chapter 4 "Energy Supply" - but now no longer seems to be available. So high side Storm/Smith, low side Vattenfal.

      I don't think I'm following your reasoning here. It looks like you're referring to Energy Return on Energy Investment (EROEI) graph in section 12, however, the graph for Nuclear EROEI seems is based on the assumption that high quality uranium to fuel nuclear power plants will run out in the year 2070.

      This one of the energetic inputs that has to be considered, the energetic expense of mining Uranium. You have to process so much rock (containing Uranium) to get so little uranium that it takes a lot of energy to get the ore in the first place. 2.4 giga joules per ton for soft ores and 5.5 giga joules per ton for hard hard ores. To get a kilogram of uranium you have to process about 500 tons of ore - even that assumes an extremely optimistic extraction efficiency approaching %50 and assumes you have a high grade ore.

      So, you're at about 2.7 tera joules per kilo, to 2.7 peta joules per ton and at 160 tons U for the core of that AP-1000 you're talking about approximately 432 peta joules spent on producing the fuel before you've generated a single joule from the core of that ap-1000. Then approximately 140 peta joules to refuel the reactor (1/3 core).

      Let's also consider that when the nuclear industry settled on Uranium the energetic cost of mining it was a lot less and oil was a lot more plentiful. Their mindset wasn't considering the long term viability for energy infrastructure otherwise they would have used Thorium. However with all the easy to get ore gone we are either constantly looking for new cheap sources of Uranium to mine or the energetic cost continues to increase as the ore get harder to extract. So the energy estimates for mining is a key input.

      That makes the EROEI for the plants go to 0 at that point (which is worst than break even, because it represents a 100% loss of the invested energy).

      Yes, because none of the above numbers include the output costs including things like:

      • Energetic remediation of the mine tailing ?-joules.
      • Energetic estimates for construction of a nuclear power plant is somewhere between 39.6 peta joules and 126 peta joules
      • Energy cost for demolition around 198 - 252 peta joules
      • Dismantling and clean up of the reactor core 20.1 - 57.6 peta joules

      Taking these factors into account we fast approach a point where this nuclear fuel cycle becomes energetically non-productiv

      --
      My ism, it's full of beliefs.
  5. Climate Change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Prove it.

  6. Another day, same old bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Slashdot, home of the Eloi. Suck it up, cupcakes. Throw away the latte, and stick your avacodo toast where the sun don't shine.

    There ain't no such thing as climate change., just made up crap by Soros and the globlists to dull the minds of the Eloi.

    1. Re:Another day, same old bullshit by b0s0z0ku · · Score: 1

      Soros is a hero - one of the few wealthy people with the testicular fortitude to fight against authoritarianism and corporatism. Raise a glass to him.

    2. Re:Another day, same old bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Soros, whose real name is Gyorgy Schwartz, is a Kapo, a judas goat, who herded his fellow jews into the gas chambers in WWII. If those are your heros, then you deserve pity. Oh, and Soros is the Supreme God of Coporatism and Authoritarianism.

    3. Re:Another day, same old bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ok, if I'm going to buy into your analogy, would you be a Morlock? Why would I want to believe a disgusting cannibalistic monster?

  7. 1982 to 2016 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So, they're using 32 years data to model the climate of a 3 billion year old planet. That's like saying, "in the last second I sneezed so this must mean that I'm going to sneeze continuously for the rest of my life."

    1. Re:1982 to 2016 by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      Well, that and a basic understanding of physics, in particular long-wave radiation absorption by certain molecular components of the atmosphere.

    2. Re:1982 to 2016 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well.. that's incredibly disingenuous. Clearly no-one is making projections on a time scale anywhere near that order of magnitude. I mean, seriously, how much of that time was the surface just a mass of roiling lava?

    3. Re:1982 to 2016 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is no such thing as "molecular components of the atmosphere". And "long wave radiation" is meant to sound scary but it's just like the heater in your bathroom that you can turn on or off. Nothing scary about it. It is just regular old run of the mill heat.

    4. Re:1982 to 2016 by slazyrio · · Score: 0

      In this graph https://static.skepticalscienc... you can clearly see the correlation between temperature and CO2. It's clear that as CO2 goes up, temperature goes with it. Oh, wait...
      While in this graph https://upload.wikimedia.org/w... you can clearly see that solar activity has nothing to do with global temperatures. Oh, wait...
      Anyway, data proves that the hypothesis that CO2 leads to higher temperatures, because the IPCC says so. (Oh, wait...)

    5. Re:1982 to 2016 by slazyrio · · Score: 1

      A bunch of CO2 molecules floating in the air is not exactly the same as Boltzman's perfectly black body.

    6. Re:1982 to 2016 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's worse than that.

      Water is 100x the concentration and 100x the heat capacity of CO2.

      So, good luck, on a planet covered with massive oceans, to claim CO2 is causal when water outguns it by a 10,000 factor.

      When I was doing satellite work nobody did a CO2 correction. We did a water vapor correction.

    7. Re:1982 to 2016 by Layzej · · Score: 1

      In order to understand the apparent disparity between past temperature and levels of atmospheric CO2 we must appreciate that CO2 is not the only driver of climate. Other drivers of past climate change include variations in solar output, continental drift, orbital variations (known as Milankovitch cycles), volcanism, and ocean variability. Any conclusions that we draw from a perceived lack of correlation in the climate record between atmospheric CO2 and global temperatures must take into account these factors.

      Let's look at the combined radiative forcing from CO2 and sun through the Phanerozoic and see how they line up with global temps. Pretty good match!

    8. Re:1982 to 2016 by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      What manner of straw man is this?

      A bunch of words strung together isn't exactly the same as a coherent thought either, I suppose.

    9. Re:1982 to 2016 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hi slazyrio here, posting as anonymous (is that even legal?) because I'm new here and my karma doesn't allow many postings.

      That last interesting graph shows your circular reasoning: First you postulate that CO2 adds 'radiative' forcing (what the heck that may be... I know of insolation, radiation..., but forcing? Never seen that in any textbook on physics.), ignoring the alternative possibility that's currently under investigation by Svensmark et. al, namely the possibly much stronger effect from GCR (Galactic Cosmic Radiation) modulated by the sun's (sun spot) activity, and then you go: "See? I TOLD you so!"

      No Sir. That doesn't prove anything except that a solar variability (as being worked out by Svensmark et. al) plus an unproven (most just assume Fourier, Arrhenius et. al were right, but Feynman had something else to say about it in his lecture 40 on physics), possibly zero phenomenon, correlates with temperature change.

      Don't bother to reply immediately, I won't go away any time soon.

      Check out my sources, then refute--or not.

  8. It's Quantium Science! by SuperKendall · · Score: 0

    Correlation is not causation.

    That's the great thing about any science related to global warming - just like in the quantum world something can be a wave *and* a particle, in Global Warming "Science" you can have both correlation and causation at the same time!

    Also localized heat can be climate and cold can be weather, again a very quantum effect! That's how you know it's real "Science"(tm), because it doesn't have to make sense, it just has to make you feel something.

    --
    "There is more worth loving than we have strength to love." - Brian Jay Stanley
    1. Re:It's Quantium Science! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Cool. Plus I get to proclaim myself virtuous for having the crowd-approved feelings about the group-approved subjects at the authority-commanded times.

      Climate change. :(

      You hear that? It's my virtuousness. Not like those deniers — shun them to reinforce our own virtuousness. We really are special.

    2. Re:It's Quantium Science! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Really it's kind of an opt-in retard club to be a denier. You decide, moron.

    3. Re:It's Quantium Science! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's some awesome science you got there. Not a cult at all

    4. Re:It's Quantium Science! by Layzej · · Score: 1

      in Global Warming "Science" you can have both correlation and causation at the same time!

      Duh. Of course you can. That's true of any science. The correlation comes from the data, the causation comes from the physics. The fact that the physics predicted the correlation before it was observed make the case all that much stronger.

  9. SUPERFAG KENDALL HERE TO DENY IT EXISTS! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is what this douche devotes his life to, denying evidence of climate change. Observe the garbage at work.

  10. Storm Frequency by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Could somebody with an access to the article clarify the relationship between these long lasting heat waves and frequency of storms?

    1. Re:Storm Frequency by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      these waves are now 5 GHz (previously 2.5 GHz). The storms are 33 1/3 THz.

      seriously though, headline should be "extreme ocean heat events occurring twice as often" Frequency and wave generally bring to mind other things.

  11. Pretty simple, really. by Oh+really+now · · Score: 1

    Climate change is just Prop 65, but for the whole world.

  12. Sucks to be young! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'll be long dead! Good luck! #MAGA

  13. "Can we do it? Honestly, I don't much care." by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is just one small part of why your faggot ass needs to go underground literally.

  14. *BSD in the City of the Dead by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I went out to *BSD's grave on Decoration Day. The old forgotten cemetery is to be found adjacent to the dark woods beyond the edge of town. There within olfactory distance of the municipal treatment plant you will find *BSD's final resting place.

    *BSD's tombstone was shrouded by thick mosses and knots of noxious ivy. A mournful funerary crow sounded the requiem, as I gently pulled aside the tangled twists of thorns, and cleaned the decaying marker the best I could. A suffocating melancholia filled my heart, while I pondered that this indeed was *BSD's figurative charnel house of which so many have plaintively spoken.

    Nothing is so pitiful as an untended grave, a loved one now forgotten. The short sad life of this doomed and fated OS makes us realize that there but for the grace of God go all of us.

    I planted some wilting marigolds, found discarded in the waste heap behind the caretaker's shack, wishing that by some miracle these fleurs de mort might take root and bring a modicum of cheer to *BSD's God forsaken plot. My fervent hope is that the torpid colored boy, who so carelessly mows the grounds, doesn't slice them down, inadvertently mirroring *BSD's own doomed encounter with death's irresistible scythe.

    Funny how things work out. Linux, that brilliant novam stellam, now runs the Internet and the world's fastest computers, while *BSD lies moldering within its forgotten crypt. Let the barren silence of *BSD's tomb be a mute reminder that hubris and braggadocio were no defense on that woeful day when the Angel of Death's bleak umbra was cast upon *BSD.

    1. Re:*BSD in the City of the Dead by fisted · · Score: 1

      Nice try.

      - Sent from my NetBSD desktop via my NetBSD router

    2. Re: *BSD in the City of the Dead by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Choice is good .... But not breakfast cereal level of choice then it is bad and the number of Linux distributions was approaching that level

  15. Bah! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I say we ignore all these things and directly heat ocean currents by sinking massive data centers underwater! Don't look at me like that! We at Microsoft feel we are protectors of the planet earth! We totally virtue signal with the best of them!

  16. Well as Superkendall quotes: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Well, as Superkendall above quotes as authoritive:

    "Even the IPCC says that likley heating will be around 2C"

    So visiting the IPCC site and seeing the IPCC models that Superkendall quotes as authoritive, that says A2 model is 3.4 degrees by the end of the century, and they're calculating that model increase turns 100 day heat events into 3 day events.

    IMHO, you can deny it, but when you quote IPCC models as evidence, you've pretty much accepted the science here Superkendall.

  17. Lynnwood Rooster is a lying faggot by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Let's face it, we know this but Lynnwood Rooster is branded a lying faggot just now officially.

    1. Re:Lynnwood Rooster is a lying faggot by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How is Lynwood lying? There was a planned storage site. Yucca Mountain, but Harry Reid was able to convince President Obama to kill it. Harry had been trying to kill it, since the site was chosen, and finally got a President to kill it when Obama won the Presidency.

      Oh and all it takes is a Executive Order by the current President to overturn Carter's ban on fast breeder reactors and that long term waste drops in volume by 95% and the final product has a much shorter half-life.

  18. Re:Science History by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And in the entire history of the earth such a relatively large swing has never happened so quickly without there being a massive geological event to match it such as a super volcano, or asteroid hitting.

    None of those things have happened, so stop spreading denialist bullshit. This is a science/tech site, go away if you want to be anti-science, there's plenty of sites for dumb people too without you polluting this one.

  19. i.e. No Collusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    So to paraphrase..... there's no collusion between CO2 increases in the atmosphere and global warming.

  20. Pettyfogging Suicidalist by Capsaicin · · Score: 2

    SuperKendall is correct ....

    Where 'correct' is newspeak for lying trough his suicidal teeth!

    Instead of going dig back and digging up 2007 4th Assessment Report (the 5th AR was published in 2013, the 6th AR is due out next month), let's look at what the the IPCC Synthesis Report from 2014 has to say:

    The increase of global mean surface temperature by the end of the 21st century (2081–2100) relative to 1986–2005 is likely to be 0.3C to 1.7C under RCP2.6, 1.1C to 2.6C under RCP4.5, 1.4C to 3.1C under RCP6.0 and 2.6C to 4.8C under RCP8.5 9 . The Arctic region will continue to warm more rapidly than the global mean.

    So anywhere form 0.3C under the most optimistic to 4.8C in the worst case scenario. In point of fact the target of (no more than) 2C is what humanity is currently in the process of missing.

    The write-up claims, the 3.5 degrees is the current projections by some unspecified researchers. There no "ifs" about that write-up's claims

    If you want to split hairs like that, let's split them even finer!

    SuperKendall didn't write that the summary claims that current projections of up to 3.5C exist. SuperKendall wrote that "the summary claims ... likley heating will be ... 3.5C" Which is something very, very different from what the words "If average global temperatures increase to 3.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century, as researchers currently project ..." means. [And I've highlighted the IF "about that write-up's claims" (yes, it's not an IF about the existence of said projections, duh) for your benefit.]

    So sorry Mi, no banana.

    --
    Better to be despised for too anxious apprehensions, than ruined by too confident a security. --Edmund Burke
  21. HItting the Climate Reset Button by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The key is the ability to adapt, and overcome.

    Yes, we should probably adapt and move into bunkers deep underground. Anything except stopping the burning of fossil fuels, anything ...

    I think we make a much bigger deal about it than it warrants.

    Where do you live and can I move there?

    No seriously, to be so naive you must be in some place that isn't already feeling the pinch. Here in NSW we are supposed to be in the middle of winter and we already have 39 out of control bushfires burning. Apparently there has been the occasional fire in California recently? It's even burning in cold old Europe ... So where in the world are you, where the sand is still cool enough not to burn your head?

    Can we do it? Honestly, I don't much care. I'll be long gone before it matters.

    Oh, I see, the infamously self-indulgent baby boomer ... you don't plan to be around for more than a decade or two then.

  22. I'm guessing new nuclear is still cheaper. by blindseer · · Score: 1, Informative

    The article says that new wind and solar is cheaper than old coal and nuclear. But how does it compare to new coal and nuclear? I have a guess. My guess is that new nuclear beats them all. If new nuclear was more expensive than new wind and solar then I'm guessing they would have included that in their report. They speak quite loudly but what they don't say.

    If you actually read the report upon which this articles is based then you'd see that the report points out that the price differential does not include any storage. Wind and solar need backup power or the grid becomes unreliable. Just ask UK and Germany how their wind and solar plans are working out for them.

    Oh, and another thing is that this is a comparison with utility scale wind and solar. Your rooftop solar and backyard windmill will cost double what it does for utility scale, which puts the price well over the top of nuclear power.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
    1. Re:I'm guessing new nuclear is still cheaper. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      I just made a calculation for my father last weekend.
      Rooftop solar once with battery once without.
      Over the course of 20 years you gain in both cases roughly 20k in money. You EARN money.
      Of course, that is partly because of subsidicing ...

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    2. Re:I'm guessing new nuclear is still cheaper. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I just made a calculation for my father last weekend.
      Rooftop solar once with battery once without.
      Over the course of 20 years you gain in both cases roughly 20k in money. You EARN money.
      Of course, that is partly because of subsidicing ...

      The claim was not that solar was not profitable, only that it cost more. If the rate for electricity at the meter was 15 cents per unit, and nuclear cost 6 cents to produce and solar cost 12 cents to produce, then both are profitable but nuclear can pay down it's capital faster and start making money sooner. If solar is subsidized by taxes to be 6 cents to the ratepayer then the total economic burden on the economy is still 12 cents, only now the costs are hidden behind a bunch of accounting tricks.

      Not only do solar subsidies hide the true costs of the electricity to the ratepayer it is a regressive tax, putting the economic burden on the poor that can't afford solar panels while the wealthy that can afford to invest in them get the benefits of the subsidy. If solar power cannot stand on its own after decades of subsidies then it's well past time to allow it to fail on a level playing field. If solar can in fact compete in a market without energy subsidies then we've attained the goals set out by those subsidies.

    3. Re:I'm guessing new nuclear is still cheaper. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I have another guess sadly : that new nuclear may be like F-35 and F-22. Or the SLS rocket vs Saturn V. It doesn't need be, but there's lost technology - people working on such things in 1970 are retired or dead, less ability in the West to carry such projects out and extracting billions from the taxpayers or general public is a bigger goal than getting shit working.
      Maybe Russia and China will do better. Like they have the Sukhoi-57 and the J-20 fighter. And I don't especially want to masturbate about jet fighters or have a "my daddy can kick your daddy" kind of conversation, but I'm making a parallel.

  23. Thank You JaneQ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Always around to help lead humanity towards greater misery and suffering Jane. You do this without remuneration? You're just so generous with your time.

  24. Fake News by Rainwulf · · Score: 1

    Trump:
    Its totally a chinese conspiracy to remove jobs from the american people!

  25. Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by blindseer · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    I have been informed by a dozen anonymous cowards in this thread, or maybe the same one posting multiple times, that wind and solar are now cheaper than coal and nuclear. Therefore we have solved the problem of global warming. Even greedy bastards that can't be bothered to "think of the children" will be investing in windmills and buying electric cars, because they are now cheaper than everything else.

    Nothing to see, move along.

    Here's something that bothers me though. China and a handful of other nations have a near monopoly on the materials needed to make wind and solar power cheap. It would be quite embarrassing for a first world nation to abandon nuclear power only to see the price of energy spike because the supply of new wind and solar, and the spare parts to keep current systems running, saw a shortage over a tariff war.

    Nuclear power is domestic power. That is unless these first world nations have domestic sources of rare earth metals for wind turbines, and PV fabrication plants for solar collectors.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
  26. Better hope death isn't real or you will die! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Better hope climate change isn't real

    Do you even exist, or is it all a dream, huh? What else do you want to hope, that you can fly? Turn invisible at will? Live forever?

    Meanwhile back in physical reality ...

  27. Re:Another day, same tin foil by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Given that right-wing ideologue capitalists, east European authoritarian dictators, and deluded tin-foilers in the world spend so much effort to defame him, Soros must be doing something right. As the AC above said "one of the few wealthy people with the testicular fortitude to fight against authoritarianism and corporatism", and boy do the authoritarians and corporatists, along with their useful idiots, hate him for it.

  28. Stop blaming climate change when its really us by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The article opens with a pic of a manatee that has expired during the recent Florida red/green tide debacle. Much of the death ini the ocean should be attributed to mankind's activities. Climate has been changing for more than 3 billion years and live seems to adapt quite nicely to climate's ebb and flow. Its the ignorant intervention by humans that pushing ecospheres to extinction.

  29. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by slazyrio · · Score: 1

    It's currently 0.1 %. We're still far away from 1 %, let alone 8%.

  30. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by slazyrio · · Score: 1

    less than 0.1%

  31. Re:Or by slazyrio · · Score: 1

    You're just teasing. :)

  32. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Solar isn't limited to PV. What is wrong with people like you that cannot see beyond solar=PV?

    Large parts of the world can heat domestic water on their roofs, some countries mandate it for new builds.

    Solar can be reflected to boil oil in pipe arrays, this heats water to generate steam power to turn dynamos. Again, half the planet can do this right now, especially the shit-hole countries.

    You do not need to feed the grid, you do not need to store power in batteries. Stop associating solar with PV! Pumping water into reservoirs during the day and using gravity to feed turbines is proven tech and has been in operation since the late 1800s. Again, why is it not being implemented?

    PV is a dead-end. Always has been, always will be.

  33. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 4, Informative

    China and a handful of other nations have a near monopoly on the materials needed to make wind and solar power cheap
    How do you come to that retarded idea?

    Solar panels are made out of: sand!
    Wind turbines from carbon fiber positioned on steel masts.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  34. Re:Science History by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    in the entire history of the earth such a relatively large swing has never happened so quickly

    That statement is bullshit. No one has or at this point can collate all the events or even map the temperature changes down to decades for the "entire history of the earth". Not even for the entire history of life on earth, which is the relevant part, as we don't give a shit what the temperatures were during the bombardment periods.

  35. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Thought you were a tech geek. You know, someone who can do simple math.

    8% = 80000pm
    20% = 200000ppm

    407ppm CO2 in 2018 looks a lot less scary concerning choking to death now, doesn't it?
     

    8% is all it took for the oceans to become too acidic and the Permian–Triassic extinction event.

    Ocean acidity was not the cause of the PT event. You're pulling that out of your ass.

  36. Re:By that same logic... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why are you extrapolating behavior of a mechanism you clearly don't understand then?

  37. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Rare earth metals are not rare. China undercut prices for these metals in the 90s, but if prices rise, closed mines around the world will reopen.

  38. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    China and a handful of other nations have a near monopoly on the materials needed to make wind and solar power cheap.

    This is actually false. There are lots of sources for most of those materials. We just can't use our local sources because environmentalists won't allow any kind of mining anywhere.

  39. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I didn't know Africa is part of the US now. Where do you think Uranium is mined?

  40. I call it Just Right-itis by Solandri · · Score: 2

    For the current stance of environmentalists to make sense, there needs to be just the right amount of climate change. Enough that we need to stop using fossil fuels ASAP. But not so much that we need to switch over completely to nuclear power ASAP. By their reasoning, the rate of climate change falls within a narrow band in between, where we must stop using fossil fuels, but we still have plenty of time to develop renewable power technologies so they become economically feasible.

    That's the kind of messed up reasoning you come up with when you start with a conclusion ("we must develop renewables"), and then create a rationale to justify your conclusion. It's gradually becoming clear that we're far outside that narrow band, and need to go all-out nuclear to save life on Earth. That is, the fate of life on Earth is more important than your renewable power agenda.

    Remember, nuclear power doesn't have to be the end game. All we need is to switch to it quickly enough to break our fossil fuel addiction and arrest non-cyclical CO2 emissions. Once we've done that and the global climate is no longer in danger, then we can develop renewable power at our leisure. And when it (and battery technology) becomes capable of taking over base load, we can use it to phase out nuclear power. This "the only acceptable solution is renewables" mentality is dangerous.

  41. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by jbengt · · Score: 1

    Actually, it's a lot less than that before you start getting symptoms, though still an order of magnitude or two above where we are now.
    5,000 ppm (0.5%) is the OSHA standard maximum TWA for an 8 hour work day and at 50,000 ppm (5%) you start getting sick in a short time. 10% is enough to easily kill you, though the issue is not choking to death: It's the feedback mechanisms in your body that use the amount of carbon dioxide in your system to regulate respiration that get screwed up.

  42. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by jbengt · · Score: 1

    China and a handful of other nations have a near monopoly on the materials needed to make wind and solar power cheap.

    There's more to it than that. They have undercut prices enough to cause other sources to close down. So they currently have an economic monopoly or duopoly on many of the minerals, but it would be possible to get these from other sources if need be.

  43. Re:By that same logic... by Dasher42 · · Score: 1

    By your logic, there's:

    * The cooling stratosphere, worldwide,
    * Nights are warming faster than days,
    * Polar regions are warming much faster than the rest of the globe.

    So, case in point. It's not a natural oscillation in solar input. It's due to heat trapping by greenhouse gasses.

  44. Marine Heat Wave by Layzej · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I'm not sure why he has a problem with the coining of a term. Does he prefer they use another phrase, or rather that they not study the phenomenon at all? See no evil hear no evil I suppose? Regardless of what we call it, (and "marine heat wave" seems like a practical enough name) the evidence for the phenomenon is clear in the satellite data as well as in the economic impacts.

    1. Re:Marine Heat Wave by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As usual, Jane is just unskeptically regurgitating this crackpot's claims.

  45. IPCC projections by Layzej · · Score: 2

    In 2007 IPCC FAR projected 0.2C/decade over the next two decades. So far we've seen 0.3C/decade since 2007, but it's early yet.

  46. Re:Raising wheat and cattle on Greenland by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Here's a view in the southernmost town in Greenland
    https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Alluitsoq.JPG

    Anyway it is known there was a local climate optimum in Northern Hemisphere but no global temperature increase.
    There are also other ways to do foreign investments in our current world. About nobody will be interested in creating a cattle farming colony in Greenland when there are more profitable places to do so and with better accessibility (airports, ports, Internet and roads or trains). You can even buy or lease the land you need.

  47. Chateau Largo called... by Layzej · · Score: 1

    From 850 CE to 1250 CE Vikings raised wheat, barley and cattle along the Greenland coast. In 80 CE there were commercial vineyards taxed by the Romans in Scotland. In 1250 CE there were commercial vineyards taxed by the English in Scotland.

    Heatwave or not, it's still TOO cold for any of this to occur today.

    Chateau Largo would beg to differ. The fact that the Romans are no longer taxing them has more to do with politics than temperature.

  48. Re:By that same logic... by argStyopa · · Score: 1

    Personally I believe systemic warming IS happening. ("Climate change" is a vapid, meaningless mealy-mouthed phrase.)

    It happens with a startling spike in temps and CO2 about every 120-140k years. The last one was about ... 120k years ago. This is right on track with that.
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    What I dispute is the almost-Aristotlean humanicentrism insisting "well humans MUST be at fault because...we're here, OBVIOUSLY! Duh!".

    To assert that today's spike in warming is largely or wholly anthropogenic would mean that either
    a) all the other previous spikes (about every 120k years for the last 3+ million years) were also human-caused (which is not likely), or
    b) those spikes had some OTHER cause which has both
    i) spontaneously STOPPED functioning, and
    ii) been replaced at precisely a synchronous time and magnitude by this wholly-new mechanism caused by people. ...which while not impossible seems pretty damned unlikely.

    Finally, this further disregards that something - apparently nobody's really looking much at it - natural kicked in to mitigate those startling spikes back down to the anthropocene norm. (My amateur money's on increased warming driving more clouds, causing both more general precip across the landmasses and greening great swathes of today-desert while pushing up earth's general albedo, both causing more cooling...)
    How are we assuming that mechanism is no longer functioning?

    --
    -Styopa
  49. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Vitriol+Angst · · Score: 1

    There's only one nuclear power plant going up and it's here in Georgia. It cost more than three times projected and it's running late. That's the norm for nuclear power. So it doesn't look like there's much will to go to the enormous expense and effort to build these plants.

    The US was on the verge of being the leader in Solar Panels before China helped their companies via subsidies or buying out ours. So if we want to, we can easily support a US company to take the lead again on solar panels.

    For the cost of over $16 Billion, there could be more kilowatt hours of energy in Georgia and they'd already be on homes before the power plant is built. Also; homeowners could pay money back by supporting the grid.

    So people can talk about nuclear power, but the facts are all the growth is in solar and the numbers will only get better. We can either be part of that or let the China own it.

    --
    >>"ad space available -- low rates!!!"
  50. Re:By that same logic... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Bah. We know that the sun isn't to blame, the volcanoes are not to blame, and that we just caused atmospheric CO2 to go +50%!

    All you have to show is a graph where one pixel == several millennia and your theory is the one that demands amazing coincidence.

  51. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I didn't know Africa is part of the US now. Where do you think Uranium is mined?

    My guess is Kazakhstan, Canada, and Australia, for the most part.
    https://www.mining-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-biggest-uranium-mines-in-the-world/
    http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production.aspx

    The USA gets about 15% of it's uranium from Africa.
    https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=12731

    Let me ask you something, where do you think solar collectors come from?
    https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=34952

    At least the USA has existing uranium mining capacity, and the ability to turn that uranium into fuel pellets on it's own. Much of what the USA imports in uranium comes from friendly nations like Canada and Australia. There is very little PV production in the USA and what it does import comes largely from less friendly China.

  52. SUPERFAGGOT KENDALL NEEDS A BULLET by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    SHOOT THIS LYING FAGGOT KENDALL IN HIS PUNK ASS BITCH FACE

    Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.

    Filter error: Don't use so many caps. It's like YELLING.

  53. Climate Change has caused Climate Change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ERROR: Your argument is circular. Please try again.

  54. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    President Donald Trump 2020.

    Yeah, baby!

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  56. emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 2

    Climate sensitivity is about 3C for a doubling of CO2 with an likely range of about 30% on either side (not 100%). So probably between 2 and 4C. However, it is a "right-skewed distribution" suggesting that if carbon dioxide concentrations double, the probability of very large increases in temperature is greater than the probability of very small increases. So to the extent that there is uncertainty, it is not our friend.

    Ultimately though, how much warming will depend on how much we emit. We can decide to limit emissions and minimize warming. Or not. It's up to us.

    1. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      3C is on the high side of estimates. http://notrickszone.com/2017/1... Most likely lower. However studies are all over the place about ECS. One thing that seems to be consistent is the fact that as more studies are done, ECS seems to be trending downward. 2.0C being likely, but now on the high side of estimates as well.

    2. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 2

      Wrong, but if you are interested in tricks you could carefully select a subset of studies to paint that narrative. Rather than tricks, I've cited the literature. For example, here's a study from this year that confirms a central figure of around 3C, and reduces uncertainty to the point where the probability of ECS being less than 1.5 degrees Celsius to less than 3 per cent, and the probability of ECS exceeding 4.5 degrees Celsius to less than 1 per cent.

    3. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      Thanks for nicely framing "cherry picking" in eloquent words. Followed by carefully selecting 1 study that presents your narrative. You can add Cox et al. 2018 on to that graph : http://notrickszone.com/wp-con... And it'll be up there with Marvel 2016 as an outlier. Mentioning you cited literature to brush off my argument, when my argument is literally a graph of dozens of peer reviewed studies showing the spectrum of ECS over the years from studies on all sides of the debate is a little disingenuous. My point was quite clear. You just don't like the studies that don't fit. Even though, as the graph shows, the trend is obvious. That is not to say I brush off Cox et al. 2018, though there have been critics of the paper on all sides of the debate. But like all papers, there is some good and some less good in his study, it should still be up there on an updated graph compiling different studies on this subject.

    4. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 1

      Followed by carefully selecting 1 study that presents your narrative.

      It only took the very first result from 2018 on google scholar to give the lie to your assertion that "ECS seems to be trending downward"

      mentioning you cited literature to brush off my argument, when my argument is literally a graph of dozens of peer reviewed studies

      Yes, but apparently excluding results that don't support the narrative. But let's go down the list of results from 2018:

      The first, as we mentioned earlier, is right in line with studies from 50 years ago. Better exclude it from the ironically named "No tricks zone"..

      The second suggests that century-scale feedbacks can alter the climate sensitivity, so some lower estimates that rely on satellite data may be underestimating. That doesn't support the narrative. Better exclude it.

      The third and fourth look at crop yields and forest growth for different sensitivities. No points either way. But the fifth finds a central figure of 3.2K with a range of (1.58.1K). Uh oh. 8K on the high end! That's not good. Better exclude it.

      It's not until the sixth when we find a study with a lower estimate.

    5. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 1

      Let's look at the other end. Any chance he included this 1989 study showing an increase of 1.6 C for the instantaneous doubling case and 0.7C for the transient forcing case? No way. Low estimate in the past. Doesn't fit the narrative.

      How about this one from 1967 with an estimate of 2.3C for a doubling of CO2. Low estimate in the past? No good.

      How about this one from 1997 which suggests sensitivity may be as small as 0.3–0.5C for a doubling of CO2, Better exclude that one!

      etc etc etc. If you select studies from the past with higher sensitivities and more recent ones with lower sensitivity then you can show a trend towards lower sensitivity. Not to mention the fact that many of his sources aren't from the scientific literature at all but rather just references to other blogers. That's why you should look to the literature to understand the science rather than some trickster on the internet.

    6. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      I can see how intellectually lazy you are by calling me a lier because you dont like my argument.

      I will assume the order in which papers showed up for you on the link you provided from google scholar was different then what I get when I click on it, because brushing off the 4th study would be considered ignoring contrary opinions and best, and cherry picking at worst. Lewis and Curry 2018

      In any case, there are hundreds of link in that google scholar search and the results are no in any order of importance.

      To your second point, as I already mentioned but you ignore because you wish to score points with your jabs, the link I provided was compiled towards the end of 2017, so they obviously do not include 2018 papers. There is no conspiracy here, you can move along.

      I will let someone else compile and classify 2018 papers in a few months as we approach the end of the year.

      My point was not to include or exclude any papers, but to point out that the trend for all of them (except outliers) is a downward trend. If you wish to ignore this and make up your own facts, its up to you.

    7. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 1

      My point was not to include or exclude any papers, but to point out that the trend for all of them (except outliers) is a downward trend.

      But only if you ignore recent high estimates and historic low estimates, and try to pass off blog posts as "scientific literature" and whatever other tricks you can expect form a place named the "no tricks zone" XD

    8. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      Indeed papers where all over the place in the past.

      However the number of papers on this subject where few and far between.

      The graph shows papers starting around 2001 because:

      1. Our understanding of the science, is getting better in the recent past;
      2. As you can see in the graph, as years advance, there are more and more papers;

      As you can observe, there are papers in 2007 and 09 included with very low ECS calculations, which would make for a better graph if where ignored, but where not.

      Also, instead of making spurious comments about blogger references, please point out a paper on that graph that is no publish and just blogers. Because from what I see, they are all published papers. Yes, including Lindzen 2011.

      You are grasping at straws. Just to win.

      Why you absolutely want ECS to be so high is beyond me.

      Even the IPCC AR5 indicates : "No best estimate for equilibrium climate sensitivity can now be given because
      of a lack of agreement on values across assessed lines of evidence and studies."

      So they stick to their values 1 to 4.5c which is the pretty much the same as the boiler plate 1.5 to 4.5 used in almost all greenhouse gas assesments for the last 40 years. However these numbers where based off of only 2 studies, Manabe and another from Hansen.

      I would hope after 40 years and hundreds of billions of dollars of research we would have a better understanding of ECS and that the demonstrated downward trend is the accumulation of better knowledge and data over those 40 years.

    9. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      As explained, there has been no ignoring of papers at the time of compiling to make the graph. Contrary to your baseless assertion.
      And we'll see at the end of 2018 if the trend persists, flatlines or changes.

      I have never, as you well know, tried to pass off the "article" in no trick zone blog as scientific literature, but only as a compilation of said literature on one specific subject. A graph, I might add, which WAS published in science litterature (Scafetta 2017). However data ended in 2015. So it was adapted with newer studies at time of writing of the article.

      That you do not like the name of the website which hosted the article has no bearing on the facts. A name I might add which derives from the climate gate e-mails demonstrating bad faith from mainstream players in climate sciences.

      It is obvious that you do not like facts and much prefer to find references that support your argument and yours alone.

      We will see what future studies bring. The trend just might reverse and that will bring interesting discussions indeed.

    10. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 1

      I have never, as you well know, tried to pass off the "article" in no trick zone blog as scientific literature,

      No, but the no tricks zone does. Some of the data points on that graph refer to blogs!

      A graph, I might add, which WAS published in science litterature

      I should hope not, given that it tries to pass off blog posts as scientific literature.

      Here's one from April of 2017 which "produces a current best estimate of equilibrium climate sensitivity of 2.9C (1.7–7.1C, 90% confidence). " Included in the no tricks zone? Nope. Doesn't fit the narrative.

    11. Re:emissions determine warming. by Layzej · · Score: 1

      2. As you can see in the graph, as years advance, there are more and more papers;

      Not really true unless you count blog posts as literature or include pay for play journals that will publish anything for a fee.

    12. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      Point them out.

    13. Re:emissions determine warming. by cbeaudry · · Score: 1

      As compared to pal reviewed papers?

      Argue the facts and the science. Unless you have nothing left... then by all means slander at will.

  57. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by blindseer · · Score: 3, Informative

    China and a handful of other nations have a near monopoly on the materials needed to make wind and solar power cheap

    How do you come to that retarded idea?

    https://www.worldatlas.com/art...
    https://www.statista.com/stati...

    Solar panels are made out of: sand!

    No, solar panels are made of silicon and the USA produces very little of it. The kind the USA does produce is predominately low grade used in producing steel and aluminum.
    https://minerals.usgs.gov/mine...

    Wind turbines from carbon fiber positioned on steel masts.

    And with rare earth magnets on top of those steel masts.
    https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/...

    Mining rare earth metals means also digging up a lot of other nasty minerals, like thorium and uranium, that unless there is a market for them they can contaminate the environment. What on earth could we possibly do with all this uranium and thorium? I'm just tossing out an idea here, nuclear power?

    The USA does not have the capacity to produce solar panels, and has limited capacity to produce windmills, without imported materials. On the other hand the USA already produces several nuclear power plants every year to supply it's nuclear powered navy. Increasing the capacity to produce nuclear power in the USA is near trivial, we need only remove the political barriers to larger production. To produce more wind and solar in the USA would take years and billions of dollars to build the plants that can turn sand into PV panels and ore into rare earth magnets.

    The monopoly that China has on silicon and rare earth metals is not in the raw material in the ground, it's in the factories that turn that raw material into something valuable. Overturning that monopoly will take lots of money and time in making factories.

    The entire world is relying on China to play nice for it's supply of wind and solar power. By destroying their ability to produce domestic nuclear power these nations place a very vital resource, energy, at the whimsy of China. Much of Europe is now reliant on Chinese solar and Russian natural gas for energy. If there is ever a trade dispute then I can expect to see Europe get real dark and cold.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
  58. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by blindseer · · Score: 1

    So people can talk about nuclear power, but the facts are all the growth is in solar and the numbers will only get better.

    Here's some facts...

    Its overall share of global power generation remains low (1.7%), but that share has more doubled in just three years.

    https://www.bp.com/en/global/c...

    All growth is not in solar.

    In IEO-2017, renewable energy and natural gas are forecast to be the worldâ(TM)s fastest growing energy sources over 2015-2040. Renewables increase at 2.8%/year, and by 2040 will provide 31% of electricity generation, equal to coal; natural gas increases by 2.1%/year. Generation from nuclear is forecast to increase by 1.6% each year. The net nuclear capacity increase is all in non-OECD countries (growth in South Korea is offset by decreases in both Canada and Europe), and China accounts for 67% of the capacity growth. By 2032, the outlook sees China surprass the United States as the country with the most nuclear generating capacity.

    http://www.world-nuclear.org/i...

    Is it likely that solar will play an important part in the global energy production? Yes, quite likely. What it will not do is replace nuclear power. We will need both.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
  59. Solar output down, global mean temperature up by Layzej · · Score: 1

    Solar output has been declining since 1950 yet the globe as a whole has been warming considerably.

    To illustrate, here's a plot of sun spots vs temps vs atmospheric CO2: http://woodfortrees.org/plot/b...

  60. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by blindseer · · Score: 1

    Solar isn't limited to PV. What is wrong with people like you that cannot see beyond solar=PV?

    Maybe it's because concentrated solar power is difficult to do, requires a large land area to build, and produces more CO2 per energy produced than nuclear, wind, or solar PV. Look at the chart about halfway down this page:
    https://www.carbonbrief.org/so...

    You do not need to feed the grid, you do not need to store power in batteries. Stop associating solar with PV! Pumping water into reservoirs during the day and using gravity to feed turbines is proven tech and has been in operation since the late 1800s. Again, why is it not being implemented?

    Here's my guess, this is not popular because to implement it takes a place with a lot of sun, a lot of water, and a river suitable for a dam. Places with a lot of sun tend to not have a lot of water. Places with water and a river worth a dam may not have a lot of sun. Even if they have all three this water is likely to contain a lot of salt, which eats away at turbines. To resolve the issue of salt water on turbines means desalinating the water, but that water is far too valuable as water for drinking to run through a turbine and dump in the sea.

    PV is a dead-end. Always has been, always will be.

    I won't go that far. PV is great for communication satellites and pocket calculators.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
  61. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

    Nearly every country can mine rare earth minerals.
    And: they are not needed to make magnet. Iron is enough-
    So: no, China has no monopoly.

    Wow, you know that solar panels are made from silicon, but you don't know that the silicon is refined from sand?

    Lucky you have fanbois who mod you up anyway.

    The entire world is relying on China to play nice for it's supply of wind and solar power.
    Nope, most wind power plants are build in USA, Denmark and Germany. China is not even making a dent.
    Most Silicon as a source for chips and solar panels is made by "Wacker Chemie", a German company, from sand ...

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  62. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by blindseer · · Score: 1

    Nearly every country can mine rare earth minerals.

    Of course, but only China and Australia able to do so at a profit. They can do this because the laws there allow for the mining of uranium and thorium that are common in rare earth rich ores. In the USA the rare earth mines are limited to less profitable ores that have less uranium and thorium. So, either these nations need to be serious about competing with China on rare earth metals and change the laws, or continue to be at the whim of China for rare earth elements. It's not like these mines can just start digging up ore tomorrow, there will be lead time on starting production even if there is a price hike or law change that makes mining profitable.

    And: they are not needed to make magnet. Iron is enough-

    Citation needed.

    So: no, China has no monopoly.

    I already gave a citation that proves otherwise. Try again.

    Wow, you know that solar panels are made from silicon, but you don't know that the silicon is refined from sand?

    Again, turning sand into the high purity silicon needed for making PV cells is not a simple process. The factories to do this are very expensive, take years to build, and little to none exist in the USA, or pretty much anywhere outside of Asia.

    Lucky you have fanbois who mod you up anyway.

    I noticed that happens when one provides links to backup their claims.

    Nope, most wind power plants are build in USA, Denmark and Germany. China is not even making a dent.

    That's not what I said. I said wind turbine production is reliant on rare earth magnets imported from China. I know lots of windmills are made in the USA, I see them getting moved down the highway everyday. That just means they assemble the parts here, the magnets are largely still imported. According to these people China produces a majority of all magnets and the magnets made in the USA are mostly low quality kinds used in toys and novelties.
    https://www.allianceorg.com/pd...

    Most Silicon as a source for chips and solar panels is made by "Wacker Chemie", a German company, from sand ...

    Right, didn't their polysilicon plant blow up last year? I'm pretty sure that happened. I'll let you Google that one yourself.

    --
    I am armed because I am free. I am free because I am armed.
  63. Re:Science History by pubwvj · · Score: 1

    It's not denialism BS. It's science. Your problem is you're looking at too small an increment of time. The variations in temperatures over time are very real. Sometimes they happen quickly and sometimes slowly. Quicker events tend to be more devastating. The change in this case is a correction off a previous deflection and not a particularly large change at that.

  64. I call it a classic Strawman by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    For the current stance of environmentalists to make sense,

    [Citation required] i.e whose particular "stance" are you discussing?

    Hi, I'm an environmentalist.

    ... there needs to be just the right amount of climate change.

    Well no, ideally, (not so much from a deep green as from a human perspective, given extant patterns of settlement etc), as close to no change at all would be preferable.

    Enough that we need to stop using fossil fuels ASAP.

    Cart before the horse. We need to stop using fossil fuels because of the climate change it is causing. We don't need climate change to force us to stop using fossil fuels. You really are building up a laughable strawman to knock down.

    But not so much that we need to switch over completely to nuclear power ASAP

    Again, more of your muddled thinking. I'm among the many environmentalist (prominently including George Monbiot and of course Jim Hanson), who believe we should seriously consider building more nuclear power generation capacity. At the very least, the idea of switching off running nuclear power station and taking up the slack by burning more lignite (as has been done in Germany) is pure madness. Many other environmentalists are still too afraid of nuclear power, and too sanguine about the prospects of renewables, to accept this yet. But somehow desiring or tailoring an particular level of environmental degradation in order to dictate appropriate energy generation technologies ... that's not something any environmentalist does.

    By their reasoning, the rate of climate change falls within a narrow band in between ...

    Citation? Nobody reasons like that except you.

    That's the kind of messed up reasoning you come up with when you start with a conclusion ("we must develop renewables"), and then create a rationale to justify your conclusion.

    Except that never happened of course. As well as it's cleaness relative to combustion, much of the original attraction of renewables (and still to some people) is that it could make you independent of the Man(tm). There was no need to create any rationale, it came with the tech and was there before global warming was considered and issue.

    What happened, was that humanity was introduced to nuclear power via Hiroshima. What happened was that people saw the waste problem attendant to nuclear power generation and somewhat overestimated the risk it posed. It is not just environmentalists who find the idea of invisible radiation killing them particularly frightening. Look at the reaction to Fukushima in unaffected places such as Tokyo. What happened was that opposition to nuclear power grew in its own right, and to be fair, largely in response to the very real risks that are attendant to that technology. Most tellingly what happened was the some people devoted their lives to fighting nuclear power. Once an anti-nuclear stance (or any particular stance) becomes part of your personal, or even worse, group identification, it becomes very difficult to step back.

    I remember a meeting in our office [of large international environmental organisation) back in the late 1980s, when the topic of global warming was raised and one of our board members (a science professor at the local university) suggested that this could be so serious that "we may need to reverse our position on nuclear energy." No one said a word in objection, they didn't need to ... just silence and looks that could kill! So he shut up.

    That's what happened. People attained a level of commitment, and when the greater threat came along they could not move. Such inertia is even worse in large organisations. It's just all too human. Thus the pious hope that renewables alone and in the short term might provide the solution.

    While I agree with you about the need to deploy nuclear power, all this talk of "just the right amount of climate change" has nothing to do with what any environmentalist have ever thought. That's just your personal brain chemistry not working as well as it should.

  65. End emissions and end warming by Layzej · · Score: 1

    "stop burning fossil fuels", when before it was going to take eliminating CO2 emissions.

    It's the same thing.

    Your link was to a blog at wordpress

    It's a quote from Holden et al. 2018. . The wordpress link is to spare you from having to buy the paper.

    Well, it's nice that you notice. I'm echoing some of the crazier concepts that some climate change zealots pronounce.

    Way to elevate the conversation.

    It is caused by the heat trapped by the CO2 that comes from converting C and O to CO2.

    What???

    It is caused by the heat trapped by the CO2 that comes from converting C and O to CO2. That CO2 does not magically disappear at the end of the century, so warming caused by trapped heat will continue -- until the CO2 is actually reduced.

    That all makes no sense.

    Animals are not a carbon sequestering method. We take carbon and oxygen and emit it as CO2.

    That carbon came from eating plants which got it from the atmosphere. That atmospheric carbon ends up sequestered (for a time) in the animal.

    Just stopping the use of fossil fuels doesn't remove CO2,

    Yes it does. Atmospheric CO2 will begin to drop when we stop burning fossil fuels. Read Holden et al. 2018 and it will become clear why. Read the paper.

    1. Re:End emissions and end warming by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      "stop burning fossil fuels", when before it was going to take eliminating CO2 emissions.

      It's the same thing.

      Hardly. CO2 comes from more things than just burning fossil fuels. To eliminate CO2 emissions requires stopping all sources, not just one. Reducing is not eliminating.

      The difference is like saying you want to eliminate automobiles from the city streets, and then passing a ban on Fords. You've reduced the number of automobiles temporarily, but you have not eliminated them. There might still be an overall increase as more people move into the city with their non-Ford cars, and Ford owners switch to other makes to get around your ridiculous ban.

      Way to elevate the conversation.

      It was a minor comment as part of the major point: eliminating CO2 emissions requires all life on the planet to cease. I jokingly made that result a part of a crackpot philosophical system, but the main point remains, and I allowed you an easy way to ignore it by doing so. My bad.

      It is caused by the heat trapped by the CO2 that comes from converting C and O to CO2.

      What???

      Neither a climate scientist nor a chemist are you? C is the symbol for carbon. O is the symbol for oxygen. Carbon, or the carbon in carbon containing compounds, can combine with oxygen from oxygen containing compounds to create carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which means that it traps heat coming from the sun from escaping back into space after it reaches the earth. This is called "anthropogenic global warming", or AGW for short, when the CO2 comes from a human activity.

      It is NOT the heat released from the oxidation of carbon -- I'm sorry, for the non-chemist, that means converting C and O into CO2 and/or CO -- that causes AGW. The planet is not heating up because of the heat released from your campfire. It is the trapping of the heat from the solar input by the CO2 after being generated and released into the atmosphere.

      How do we know that it isn't the heat from the combustion that causes AGW? Because the heat that comes out of the fire had to come from somewhere, and that was from the heat used in creating the compounds in the firewood and the free oxygen. Energy is neither created nor destroyed. The chemical process of burning firewood is taking place in a closed system. A very large closed system, but still closed -- the Earth. The heat that leads to AGW is coming from outside that system. Radiation from the sun.

      This is all basic science. It took many sentences to explain to you in full what I said in one last time, but it is still pretty basic science.

      Animals are not a carbon sequestering method. We take carbon and oxygen and emit it as CO2.

      That carbon came from eating plants which got it from the atmosphere. That atmospheric carbon ends up sequestered (for a time) in the animal.

      And then it is emitted again as CO2. Yes, indeed, humans emit CO2. Where the carbon came from isn't relevant to that.

      Now, you appear to be making an argument related to sequestered carbon. Humans aren't emitting CO2 because they are just releasing sequestered carbon. That's what it looks like you are saying. Well, burning fossil fuels is also releasing sequestered carbon. If one source of CO2 is NOT "emission" because it is just releasing sequestered C, and the other source IS "emission" even though it is also just releasing sequestered C, then there is a problem in definitions somewhere.

      Now, climate scientists have come up with some convoluted means of "proving" which CO2 molecules came from "natural sources" and which from "anthropogenic" ones (which to any chemist reading the methods looks like gobble-de-gook), but they have not tried to claim that "anthropogenic CO2" behaves differently than other CO2 with respect to heat trappi

  66. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

    The USA simply is content with importing. That is all. You could mine rare earth or what ever you want in Arizona, Texas, Nevada etc. without any concerns about the environment.
    Again, generators in wind turbines don't require rare earths. If you can not get them, you build them without. Plain and simple.

    I noticed that happens when one provides links to backup their claims.
    The modders don't read the links. Otherwise they had noticed: you did not read them either, or you had realized they don't back up your claims.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  67. you still didn't respond to this lie of yours by CaffeinatedBacon · · Score: 1

    When I point out your lies, like just last week here you just pretend not to notice and run away.

    I deny them because they aren't lies and I show you.
    You still have never shown a real one, dishonourable scum that you are, still likes to lie about that too.

  68. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by pubwvj · · Score: 1

    "You know when it reaches 20% we can't even breath the air? Literally we'll choke to death because of the high CO2 content in the atmosphere?"

    Math can be challenging but let me help you AnonyCow:
    1 ppm = 1 part per million = 1 in 1,000,000 = 0.0001%
    407 ppm = 0.0407% CO2

    so to get to 20% CO2 in the atmosphere we need:
    20% CO2 = 200,000 ppm or 491 TIMES GREATER THAN 2018.

    We have a long ways to go to get to 20% CO2.
    Don't stop breathing yet. You're an important part of the life cycle. Of course, if you do stop breathing you are going to soon start decomposing and that too is an important part of the life cycle as you'll feed other organisms in the great web of life.

    I'm sure if I got that wrong someone will mention it.

  69. Re:Problem solved! Move along, nothing to see. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There's not enough copper to go full wind and solar.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCLgdnZI0Zs

    Assuming you are correct that the USA can simply mine the rare eaerths from within its borders there is still a global problem of finding enough copper.

  70. Re:By that same logic... by Dasher42 · · Score: 1

    I have two questions for you.

    How can you chop down half of a world's forests and lose more than half of its topsoils, and dig under it and burn hundreds of millions of year's worth of sequestered hydrocarbons and expel its CO2 into the atmosphere, and *not* dramatically change it in an unnatural way? ...I say this without the supposition that nature is necessarily kind, or that this is without precedent in Earth's natural history. The fact that the closest analogue to the CO2 spike we've seen due to burning hydrocarbons was lava flowing through coal seams in Siberia - which triggered the biggest natural extinction of all, the Permian-Triassic. Over 95% of all living species died. That was over a much larger time-frame than anything we're talking about in the present, and the rate of acceleration and deceleration in matters like this is the difference between a ride and a deadly wreck.

    Assuming that the increase in greenhouse gasses is not primarily anthropogenic in nature - which has all sorts of isotopic evidence against it, assuming that the climate is doing something natural, it's still a very sudden shift in ecological, especially geological terms. How do you expect the outcome to be okay, when every mass extinction before was a challenge to a yet-uninhibited, unpillaged globe of ecosystems, not the paltry wildlife preserves? Fact: we're set to see more plastic than fish in the ocean in our lifetimes. Fact: we're losing rainforests. Fact: we're releasing refrigerants, even banned ozone-depleting CFCs into the atmosphere that are many times more potent than CO2 still, and that impact should be obvious...

    So second: if somehow, going from 190ppm to 400+ppm of CO2 in our atmosphere in less than 200 years is not a human doing, how is the natural world to cope with such a disruptive process simultaneous to all the pressures we are incontrovertibly responsible for?

  71. Re:Paleo? Permian–Triassic extinction by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I feel I must congratulate you on your most excellent PC-math. Unfortunately it's wrong as always. Try not drinking the KoolAid and actually thinking for yourself instead. I realize thinking is difficult and produces CO2 but it is well worth the exercise to keep your mind from going flabby AC.

  72. Why does the total still add up then? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If China is the biggest and cheating so blatantly, then why do the calculations of the co2 match the measurements of the co2? Who is lying the other way so the numbers still match?
    You aren't credible troll.