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Europe -- not the US or China -- Publishes the Most AI Research Papers (qz.com)

The popular narrative around artificial intelligence research is that it's mainly a war between China and the United States. Not so fast, says Europe. From a report: New data released today (Dec. 12; PDF file) by the AI Index, a project to track the advancement of artificial intelligence, shows a trend of Europe releasing more papers than either the US or China. The data was assembled from Scopus, a citation database owned by scientific publishing company Elsevier. If the current trend continues, China will soon overtake Europe in the number of papers published. The number of papers out of China grew 17% in 2017, compared to a 13% increase in the US, and 8% in Europe.

Europe boasts top universities doing work in AI, such as Oxford, University College London, and ETH Zurich, in addition to being home to branches of tech companies like Google, Microsoft, and Amazon. Alphabet's DeepMind operates out of London, and French president Emmanuel Macron has been particularly bullish on AI in Europe. Since being elected in 2017, he has already laid out initiatives to bolster the amount of research and corporate AI stationed in France. [...] The AI Index report credits the huge 70% increase in Chinese AI papers in 2008 to a government program promoting long-term research in artificial intelligence through 2020.

85 of 141 comments (clear)

  1. We are falling behind... by 110010001000 · · Score: 2, Funny

    ...on publishing AI research papers. Get to work people!

    1. Re:We are falling behind... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      ...on publishing AI research papers. Get to work people!

      I did, see my sig. Next!

    2. Re:We are falling behind... by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      Impressive. Who is next to publish?

    3. Re:We are falling behind... by 110010001000 · · Score: 4, Funny

      I just outsource my AI paper publishing to the Chinese.

    4. Re:We are falling behind... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Informative

      If you look at high impact AI research, the leader is not the US, Europe, or China.

      It is Canada.

      Geoff Hinton is at the University of Toronto. Yoshua Bengio works in Montreal. Univ of BC has been a leader in computer vision. Most of the seminal work on deep learning, GANs, etc. was done in Canada.

    5. Re:We are falling behind... by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      That is easy: just write a random sentence generator with the following words as input: Classification, Deep, Learning, Neural, Networks, Processing, Speech, Vision, Sparse, Weighted, Infer.

    6. Re:We are falling behind... by Micah+NC · · Score: 1

      Wait, are you suggesting how *many* is not as important as how *good* ?

    7. Re:We are falling behind... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      Right up there with the creator of Eliza.

      How many 9 dan Go grandmasters have been defeat by Eliza?

    8. Re:We are falling behind... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Representatives or fans of other data-structures: Listilizer, Treeilizer, Stackalizer, Hashilizer, Settilizer, Directedgraphilizer, Kleinbottlizer, Breathilizer, Fertilizer...

      You are mocking me...
      And I like it!
        - Tablizer

    9. Re:We are falling behind... by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      If you look at high impact AI research, the leader is not the US, Europe, or China. It is Canada.

      So South Park was right about Canadians & Mormons taking over the world? Missionary bots with Canadian accents will soon be knocking on your door in the middle of dinner, handing out the Kindle of Mormon.

    10. Re:We are falling behind... by cascadingstylesheet · · Score: 1

      I just outsource my AI paper publishing to the Chinese.

      That's nothing ... I just outsource my AI paper publishing to AI itself.

      (What good is AI if it can't write research papers???)

    11. Re:We are falling behind... by Aighearach · · Score: 2

      Who is "we?" There is a unit mismatch in the premise.

      Europe isn't a country, it is a region. When they decide to become a single country, then they'll be one.

      To make this story honest, they need to add in Canada and Mexico to the US score. Then they'll have a reasonable comparison by region.

      If China should be grouped with Australia and Japan or not, I don't know.

    12. Re:We are falling behind... by Quirkz · · Score: 1

      I fed 1000 AI research papers to an AI, and you'll never believe what it came up with!

    13. Re:We are falling behind... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      That's the big lie in comparing a region to a country; the country is probably also part of a region, and the work may be distributed across certain borders without any barrier.

    14. Re:We are falling behind... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      Geoff Hinton is British, living in Canada doesn't change that.

      His work was done in Canada, at a public university funded by Canadian tax dollars, with Canadian grad students and Canadian postdocs.

      Where he was born is irrelevant.

    15. Re:We are falling behind... by Aighearach · · Score: 2

      Every one that played Eliza, I presume. You can't win the game Eliza, and you can't defeat Eliza at a game she hasn't agreed to play.

      It is like saying, "How many Go patzers have been defeated by a tuna sandwich?" Every single one of them that sat down at a Go board across from a tuna sandwich and thought they were playing Go. Those are all losses by self-goal.

    16. Re:We are falling behind... by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 1

      Europe isn't a country, it is a region. When they decide to become a single country, then they'll be one.

      When you look at the populations involved (about 500 mill for EU vs US 325 mill) it makes a lot more useful comparison rather than say the average European country (under 20 mill) since the US is over 16 times more populous than the average European country and landmass US is similar size to Europe. The UK (itself primarily made of four countries) for comparison is the size of the Carolinas.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    17. Re:We are falling behind... by myth24601 · · Score: 1

      What we need is an AI that can write papers (on AI).

      --
      No matter where you go, there you are.
    18. Re:We are falling behind... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      Population is an improvement, for sure. But it still leaves a lot of confounders that relate to the political borders.

      It might make sense to use the whole economic regions, Europe vs North America, and then normalize by population. That would at least give a rough comparison.

    19. Re:We are falling behind... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Was it one weird trick that computer scientists don't want you to know?

    20. Re:We are falling behind... by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      How do you know the bots posting to this thread aren't actually paper-writing AI bots that are bored out of their code loops?

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    21. Re:We are falling behind... by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      You forget that Dr Nato guy, he's leading AI research in the South.

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    22. Re:We are falling behind... by grumpyman · · Score: 1

      Are you a Canadian yourself? I'm just curious... I'm one myself. Canada definitely has a lot of great AI researchers (UdM, UA, UT...)

    23. Re:We are falling behind... by sheramil · · Score: 1

      Why do you ask How many 9 dan Go grandmasters have been defeat by Eliza?

    24. Re:We are falling behind... by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      In Soviet Russia, AI writes you!

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    25. Re:We are falling behind... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      How do you feel about losses by self-goal?

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    26. Re:We are falling behind... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      I'm American and I'm sick and tired of Canadians bragging about goddam fucking AI.

      Gordon Lightfoot, though ...

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    27. Re:We are falling behind... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      Or, one could examine the list of names tied to the Manhattan Project and see how "American," that is.

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    28. Re:We are falling behind... by rtb61 · · Score: 1

      Ahh, so it is not the number of research papers, it is all about their quality. I am looking forward to the one, how to prevent your AI from going nuts or how to add a sense of humour to your AI and why it is necessary (taking into account the human cerebral thought algorithm function of a sense of humour), things like multiple limited function connected AIs versus a singular multifunction AI and why. Even better, why the Global internet is in fact already a very advanced AI 'in toto'.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    29. Re:We are falling behind... by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      But Gordon is an A.I. (Alcoholic Individual).

    30. Re:We are falling behind... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      So? James Taylor abused drugs.

      He was in rehab with Suzanne and she died while a cleaned-up Taylor was on tour. Taylor's entire entourage made sure James did not find out, because he might've gone into a tailspin. They told him after the gig was done.

      Just yesterday morning they let me know you were gone ...
      Suzanne the plans we made put an end to you ...

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
  2. It's OK, USA by Spy+Handler · · Score: 3, Funny

    We're still leading the world in flying car research papers and cold fusion research papers. So when it comes to spending money on futuristic shit that will never actually happen in real life, America is still #1!

    1. Re:It's OK, USA by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

      No, the article clearly said that the EU was #1 in that. Oh wait, you thought AI has actually a thing?

    2. Re:It's OK, USA by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Whaddya mean the US doesn't have flying cars? If you rear-end a Ford Pinto, it has a rocket engine for a split second.

    3. Re:It's OK, USA by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      We're also leading the world in dumb-asses who think they know something sciencey but don't know that the tabletop cold fusion experiment was a success that has repeated over and over again. They're such incredible dumb-asses that they read about the biggest mystery in modern physics and they're all like, "Hurr durr hoax durrrrr that's impoisiboil"

      We're leading the world in people who are willing to declare in writing that they're literate, but are incapable of understanding the details of published facts that they claim to already know about.

      At least in China some aliterate asshole probably knows they didn't read anything, or have book smurts.

    4. Re:It's OK, USA by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      tabletop cold fusion experiment was a success that has repeated over and over again

      Do you have a non-crackpot reference?

  3. So? by nospam007 · · Score: 1, Informative

    "Europe boasts top universities doing work in AI, such as Oxford, University College London, and ETH Zurich, "

    The last one isn't in the EU and the first 2 won't be in a couple of months.
    Problem solved.

    1. Re:So? by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      Harvard, Yale, MIT, Princeton are no slouches either. And they are all within a couple hundred miles of each other.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    2. Re:So? by 110010001000 · · Score: 2

      Ivy League universities give you access to the alumni network which is the most important thing to have if you are looking for a well paying career.

    3. Re:So? by jellomizer · · Score: 2

      Don't forget the freedom to snub your nose to other people, with a smug sense of superiority.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    4. Re:So? by rogoshen1 · · Score: 1

      it's so much cheaper to just buy a prius and go vegan.

    5. Re:So? by vakuona · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I am sure the UK is not moving out of Europe, and last I checked, Switzerland was, and always has been in Europe!

      Why do people always read "EU" when they see "Europe"?

    6. Re:So? by serviscope_minor · · Score: 2

      Gosh you think? Maybe that's why the thing you quoted said "Europe" not "EU".

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    7. Re:So? by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      The EU isn't any more a country than "Europe" is, though.

      It is like calling NAFTA a country.

      It is a region that cooperates closely on governance. We have that in North America, too.

    8. Re:So? by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      And you don't even need Princeton if you remember to include Cornell :)

    9. Re:So? by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 1

      Why do people always read "EU" when they see "Europe"?

      Please tell your American friends that EU is not the short form of Europe.

      --
      Slashdot, fix the reply notifications... You won't get away with it...
    10. Re:So? by thegarbz · · Score: 1

      You're the only one in this discussion talking about the European Union. Everyone else is talking about Europe.

  4. Re:Who knew.... by allcoolnameswheretak · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I think it is pretty awesome that 44 countries can separately compete against 50 separate states.
    What is your exact point again?

  5. Comparing Country or Continents? by Vanyle · · Score: 1

    And when did Europe become a country?

  6. Europe... by Shaitan · · Score: 1

    Europe is an entire continent, the US and China are countries.

    1. Re:Europe... by Tablizer · · Score: 5, Funny

      Europe is an entire continent, the US and China are countries.

      Currently the US is incontinent.

    2. Re:Europe... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      "Allegedly"

    3. Re:Europe... by serviscope_minor · · Score: 1

      Europe is an entire continent, the US and China are countries.

      This is arguable the most vapid thing on the thread and that includes that binary chap bragging incessantly about his ignorance.

      China has twice the land area and 3 times the poplation of Europe. The fact that one is a continent and the other is a country is kind of immaterial.

      And the US and Europe are very comparable. Similar population (Europe a bit larger), similar GDP (the US a bit larger), same level of industrialisation and so on and so forth. Both are essentially trading units, with the EEA being the largest trading bloc (by a bit).

      Eurpoe and particularly the EU (or EEA) and US are very comparable.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    4. Re:Europe... by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 1

      You are mean to all these South American countries.

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      Slashdot, fix the reply notifications... You won't get away with it...
    5. Re:Europe... by vyvepe · · Score: 1

      EU's GDP ($20.98e12) is slightly lager than US's GDP ($19.39e12). Data from 2017. But otherwise your statements hold. It is all about the same.

  7. Re:The failure of Socialism by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Socialism is an economic system; communism is a political system. You appear to be mixing them up.

  8. Re:Who knew.... by jellomizer · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Borders are interesting, and not as fixed as people want to think.
    The United States is a country, but each State is a State. for EU it isn't a country but a Union, which contains a bunch of countries which are most a single state.
    The United Kingdom is a bunch of countries as well.

    So in terms of comparison. the US, Europe (EU), and China have roughly the same land mass and have large economies.

    So it makes more sense compare them that way vs. France vs the US. because it would be closer to compare France against New York.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
  9. US has less academia more business by klingens · · Score: 2

    The US might have less universities doing AI research, but the US has vastly more and vastly bigger corporations putting a shitton more money into their AI programs.
    Probably Microsoft, Google and Facebook alone invest several times more than all the european companies in the field.That means they basically, the US simply buys the finished students when they are done with their university papers all over the world. China would probably do the same, but it's harder for them to actually attract the scientists and programmers. And the really interesting and especially the paying things with deep learning are not done in universities. Deep learning is known for decades now, and now companies have seen this is a field where one can create products and monetize.

    Those US companies also have the actually huge amount of data needed to train all this pseudo AI which is in reality deep learning. In the EU, the data protection laws are actually good for the citizens, but it of course hampers companies to monetize all that big data stuff with AI.

    Typical slashdot editor mistake writing an article with lots of errors to get hits I guess.

    1. Re:US has less academia more business by epine · · Score: 1

      China doesn't need to import foreign brain power any more than any other country does. Sheesh. (Every economy benefits from mixing the pot to some degree, no matter how plush their own labour pool.)

      Have you ever looked at the highschool math education data? (In related news, New York is going to found a new law school with not a single slack-ass Jewish law professor passing over the admittance bar of the inaugural faculty.)

      Nor is there any great lack of commercial opportunity with Baidu and Alibaba rivaling any company in Silicon Valley (with even more lax data collection laws—lax to such a degree that collection verges on mandatory).

      And, of course, the German auto sector is asleep at the wheel, as always. It's just not in the German national character to invest in or perfect shiny new technologies.

      I suspect the main reason no German engineer is ever found asleep at the wheel is because, by the time the steering wheel is completely unnecessary, the steering wheel has already been removed altogether.

      Germans are pretty big on shit or get off the pot. Does it work, or doesn't it? Very direct. If it works, amputate the vestigial wheel already. And if it doesn't work, don't show your flaccid, disgraceful face in the beer hall until you've got the situation under control, like a good German should—which doesn't even need to be stated, it runs so deep.

      Winston tastes good like a cigarette should

      Winston cigarettes were sponsors of such television series as The Beverly Hillbillies and The Flintstones.

      The former series would show stars Buddy Ebsen, Irene Ryan, and Nancy Kulp extolling the virtues of Winstons while smoking them and reciting the jingle.

      The latter series would later come under fire for advertising cigarettes on an animated series watched by many children, but Winston pulled their involvement with the series after the Pebbles Flintstone character was born in 1963.

      Interesting advertising tactic: "I'll have what she's having!" [points at Daisy May "Granny" Moses]

      You know, to hell with celebrity endorsements from the stacked Donna Douglas, or the studly Max Baer Jr. We've got our eyes on the prize: the old, the ugly, and the infirm.

      Kulp was once described as television's most homely girl or, as one reviewer put it, possessing the "face of a shrivelled balloon, the figure of a string of spaghetti, and the voice of a bullfrog in mating season."

      Others described her as tall and prim and praised her comedic skills.

      So which is it? Are the Germans good engineers who generally stay on top of modern technology, or asleep at the wheel, which isn't even there any more, because they got rid of that useless appendage long ago?

      In any version of the story I've ever heard, the only correct answer is both of the above.

  10. Re:Who knew.... by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

    Borders are interesting

    Ahh, but which border is the most interesting?

    I vote for the border between Lithuania and the Kaliningrad Enclave.

    This border has a very long history. For many centuries it was part of the border between the Russian Empire and "Europe" in the form Prussian Koenigsburg and the Holy Roman Empire.

    Today, it still forms the border between Russia and "Europe" in the form of the European Union. So pretty boring, right? NO! Because, although the border is exactly the same, they have SWITCHED SIDES. Today, Russian in to the west, and "Europe" is to the east.

  11. America will build Terminator by xenog · · Score: 1

    And we in Europe must be ready to fight it.

    1. Re:America will build Terminator by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      And we in Europe must be ready to fight it.

      Nope, SkyNet is a UK company.

  12. Re:Who knew.... by Solandri · · Score: 2

    So it makes more sense compare them that way vs. France vs the US. because it would be closer to compare France against New York.

    I'd say it doesn't make sense to even compare them in the first place. "Most AI papers published" is just a penis measuring contest. Usually promulgated by people who don't work in AI, and are just looking for any way to use other people's accomplishments to stoke their own egos.

  13. Re:Who knew.... by Raisey-raison · · Score: 1

    Are you a lawyer? How did you know about this?

  14. Re:Well, duh... by rogoshen1 · · Score: 1

    Okay, Australia vs Antarctica

    go!

  15. quality not quantity by AndyKron · · Score: 1

    The quantity of the papers published doesn't necessarily reflect on their quality.

    1. Re:quality not quantity by hcs_$reboot · · Score: 1

      Hmm, yeah but we usually consider that on average papers are on the same quality line. No, the difference maybe is in China not publishing major advanced AI research. Yes, competition.

      --
      Slashdot, fix the reply notifications... You won't get away with it...
  16. Google trains AI to write AI research by edi_guy · · Score: 1

    3rd place USA, 2nd place Europe, but Skynet has a commanding lead with 6x10^23 new AI research papers this year.

    1. Re:Google trains AI to write AI research by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      Oh my goodness! They're about to cross the Avagadro Boundary!

      --
      #DeleteChrome
  17. It's almost as if properly funding by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    your higher education system and providing government grants for research results in more science being done. I know, crazy talk, right?

    --
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    1. Re:It's almost as if properly funding by goose-incarnated · · Score: 1

      your higher education system and providing government grants for research results in more science being done. I know, crazy talk, right?

      In context of this article, then ... no. Not "more science". "more AI".

      --
      I'm a minority race. Save your vitriol for white people.
  18. There are China-only research journal sites by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

    Most of the indices we use don't incorporate the Chinese-only papers, just the ones published in English.

    Come back when you actually count those.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  19. Re:Who knew.... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

    And if you can't comprehend that you used the sequence of letters "state" to spell out two entirely different words, then you can just wave your hands around and say nothing using a lot of words.

    It is actually because of the differences in meaning that the different words are used, and it is because of the difference in meaning that the different borders are chosen!

  20. Re:Well, duh... by balbeir · · Score: 1

    Do NOT underestimate the penguins! At least they had the brains to not vote a half baked encryption law into existence.

  21. Re:The failure of Socialism by Aighearach · · Score: 1

    They don't do CS, they send everybody who wants higher education to med school. Health professionals are their main export, so it seems a bit silly to try to make them look uneducated. Yeah, those dumb pinko Cubans, they're only smart enough to be medical doctors! LOL

  22. Re:Who knew.... by Rob+Riggs · · Score: 1

    A country is an entity with a representative in the UN.

    --
    the growth in cynicism and rebellion has not been without cause
  23. Apples to Cart-of-Apples. by Seor+Jojoba · · Score: 1

    The headline doesn't make logical sense to me. China and US are countries. Europe is a frigging continent. Also... I don't care.

    1. Re:Apples to Cart-of-Apples. by serviscope_minor · · Score: 1

      China and US are countries. Europe is a frigging continent.

      You do realise that despite being a "frigging continent" both the US and China are literally twice the size of Europe.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
  24. EU workers by AHuxley · · Score: 1

    Using US OS, US designed CPU, US designed GPU.
    Parts made in China.
    AI in Europe is just another decade of the AI winter https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    --
    Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
  25. Anyone who promotes #s = quality by Oligonicella · · Score: 1

    isn't someone to listen to.

  26. The US could catch up ... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

    ... if they used Trump's IQ as the "intelligence" goal post.

    [I know I'll get modded down, and I think it's proper. I just don't like Trump. Excuse my manners.]

    --
    It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
  27. I guess that explains... by Texmaize · · Score: 1

    So, I guess that is their are so many NPC's in the EU!

    --
    "Liberalism is a very noble idea, currently controlled by some very bad people. Be sure you do not get the two confused.
  28. Re:Who knew.... by mjwx · · Score: 1

    Borders are interesting, and not as fixed as people want to think.
    The United States is a country, but each State is a State. for EU it isn't a country but a Union, which contains a bunch of countries which are most a single state.
    The United Kingdom is a bunch of countries as well.

    You had me up until here.

    The EU is a proper union of disparate states that agree to co-operate under common rules for trade, human rights, et al. including a system of justice for cross border cases.

    The UK is a singular political entity under a with a unified parliament. The individual countries in the UK are more akin to the individual states in the US. They have varying degrees of legislative power but rarely can overrule the parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Someone living in Scotland votes for both the Scottish parliament and the UK parliament. Only a few places like the Isle of Man are independent of the UK parliament.

    The UK and EU are very different as governing bodies.

    --
    Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
  29. Re:Who knew.... by thegarbz · · Score: 1

    Not at all. Those very difference are what aligns a typical US state to an entire country. Or are you saying that Arkansas and California are both identical in the USA? Because from any other country they effectively look like two different countries and sure as fuck act like it.

    There's a reason the USA is called the United States and why those very states govern themselves and the power of the federal government is incredibly limited.

    You can bullshit by drawing lines, but you can't make up new governance systems.