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All Intel Chips Open To New 'Spoiler' Non-Spectre Attack (zdnet.com)

Spoiler is the newest speculative attack affecting Intel's micro-architecture. From a report: Like the Spectre and Meltdown attacks revealed in January 2018, Spoiler also abuses speculative execution in Intel chips to leak secrets. However, it targets a different area of the processor called the Memory Order Buffer, which is used to manage memory operations and is tightly coupled with the cache. Researchers from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, and the University of Lubeck in north Germany detail the attack in a new paper, 'Spoiler: Speculative load hazards boost Rowhammer and cache attacks'. The paper [PDF] was released this month and spotted by The Register. The researchers explain that Spoiler is not a Spectre attack, so it is not affected by Intel's mitigations for it, which otherwise can prevent other Spectre-like attacks such as SplitSpectre.

132 comments

  1. Here we go again! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Here we go again! I'm going to go make more popcorn.

    1. Re:Here we go again! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "So I don't think we will see a patch for this type of attack in the next five years and that could be a reason why they haven't issued a CVE."

      That's actually a silly reason not to open a CVE. A CVE is opened even before there are fixes available. It's made to track vulnerabilities.

    2. Re:Here we go again! by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 2, Funny

      Here we go again! I'm going to go make more popcorn.

      Good idea- I'm going to place some unpopped kernels on my Intel CPU.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
  2. Actual Link to Register Article by j_f_chamblee · · Score: 4, Informative

    As opposed to spammy, pop-up filled ZDNet article.

    https://www.theregister.co.uk/...

    --
    The first principle is that you must not fool yourself - and you are the easiest person to fool. -Richard Feynman
    1. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Chez bien

    2. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by TFlan91 · · Score: 5, Informative

      And what should've been the summary:

      The researchers – Saad Islam, Ahmad Moghimi, Ida Bruhns, Moritz Krebbel, Berk Gulmezoglu, Thomas Eisenbarth and Berk Sunar – have found that "a weakness in the address speculation of Intel’s proprietary implementation of the memory subsystem" reveals memory layout data, making other attacks like Rowhammer much easier to carry out.

      The researchers also examined Arm and AMD processor cores, but found they did not exhibit similar behavior.

      "We have discovered a novel microarchitectural leakage which reveals critical information about physical page mappings to user space processes," the researchers explain.

      "The leakage can be exploited by a limited set of instructions, which is visible in all Intel generations starting from the 1st generation of Intel Core processors, independent of the OS and also works from within virtual machines and sandboxed environments."

      Also, in before f**k JavaScript. The researchers just chose to use this has a means to demonstrate the weakness in Intel processors, not a weakness in JS.

    3. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > mention a register link
      > actually link to zdnet

      at least it wasn't a Rick roll.

        editors are so bad I'm even missing beau... that's how bad this site got.

    4. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by thereddaikon · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Also, in before f**k JavaScript. The researchers just chose to use this has a means to demonstrate the weakness in Intel processors, not a weakness in JS.

      Fair enough, but still fuck javascript.

    5. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Does that mean JavaScript makes a good fuck?

    6. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by phantomfive · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The problem with Javascript is that every day you allow complete strangers to run their javascript on your computer.

      Most people don't want to use no-script, but even if you don't, then it is imperative to use adblock. There is too much malware in ads otherwise.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    7. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And yet you're still here...

    8. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Javascript is the only language you can use with browsers, so fuck you and your static web pages.

    9. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Also, in after "fuck JavaScript".

    10. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Found the boot camp trained "full stack" developer.

      Hehe...captcha is "crying".

    11. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The served pages can be made dynamic with all sorts of other languages (PHP, perl, python, C....). Really, only certain degrees of UI interactivity are exposed by JS. Some can be done using CSS/HTML5 alone.

      The big push for JS is trying to pass processing demand off from the cloud to client devices and make fancier UI interactions.

    12. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by thereddaikon · · Score: 1

      Shit like this is why so many users have disdain for AC's.

    13. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The researchers just chose to use this has a means to demonstrate the weakness in Intel processors, not a weakness in JS.

      It does however, illustrate that this vulnerability exposes ordinary users to malicious websites. JavaScript is the only language, afaik, in which people routinely download and run code from untrusted sources.

    14. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Shaitan · · Score: 1

      It's definitely loose

    15. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by Shaitan · · Score: 1

      "The big push for JS is trying to pass processing demand off from the cloud to client devices and make fancier UI interactions."

      Yes, I do believe this was what he was referring to. Javascript can also be used for server-side dynamic content but interaction web application interfaces and that "UI Interaction" is the primary niche nothing else has filled well. Which is a shame because javascript is a horrible bastardized beast of a language but it is true nonetheless.

    16. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Shaitan · · Score: 1

      Technically he is wrong but there is an area of web-based application interaction and communication that isn't done well by other solutions, hence the lack of any other placeholder accepted by the market to fill it.

    17. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by jpaine619 · · Score: 1

      What the actual fuck? You think you have to use javascript to have non-static pages? AHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA

    18. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by sjames · · Score: 2

      The weakness is not in JS itself, but JS from a hostile web site is the most likely vector for code that uses the flaw to attack a desktop machine.

    19. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The problem with Javascript is that every day you allow complete strangers to run their javascript on your computer. Most people don't want to use no-script, but even if you don't, then it is imperative to use adblock. There is too much malware in ads otherwise.

      Correction: AdBlockPlus

    20. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Exactly! The problem is not the language (although the language sucks, mind), the problem is the bitterly stupid decision to allow any web site you may connect to, to deliver a payload that your system is going to run.

      That opens up massive, massive attack surfaces, and we have seen an endless series of exploits using that precise fact.

      It's time to say "no" to default execution of scripts from the web. It was a bad idea then, it is a bad idea now, and it will be an even worse idea in the future.

    21. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Correction: uBlock Origin.

      Also ditch NoScript for uMatrix.

    22. Re:Actual Link to Register Article by thereddaikon · · Score: 1

      Well we could have had Dart but everyone said nah I like JS. And of course there is WebAssembly which seems to be the new hotness.

    23. Re: Actual Link to Register Article by l33t+gambler · · Score: 1

      How about Privacy Badger? Does that one block malware too, or only tracking cookies?

      --
      Teasing the nobles, and rightfully so!
  3. It's nice to see by mandark1967 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Intel's committment to backward compatiblity

    --
    Sig Follows: "Suppose you were an idiot. And suppose you were a member of Congress. But I repeat myself." -- Mark Twain
    1. Re:It's nice to see by OffTheLip · · Score: 1

      Now that's funny.

  4. Effective from Javascript by phantomfive · · Score: 4, Insightful
    Quoth the article:

    The researchers say that Spoiler improves Rowhammer attacks and cache attacks that reverse-engineer virtual-to-physical address mapping. Using Spoiler, they show the leakage can be used to speed up reverse-engineering by a factor of 256. It also can speed up JavaScript attacks in the browser.

    It's not clear that this vuln allows you to attack anything by itself, but being able to speed up Rowhammer shows why you need to take vulnerabilities seriously, even if you can't figure out how to exploit them.

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    1. Re:Effective from Javascript by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      Rowhammer lets you steal data from other tasks and the OS. That's why it's so useful for reverse engineering - you can get at protected OS data like the executable code or crypto keys, and use that to develop further exploits.

      For example the PS3 security was broken when someone did a glitch attack to allow them access to protected OS memory, dumped the OS and found a USB exploit that could be then used without the glitch. Rowhammer just allows the glitch to be done in software from user-land, where as the original PS3 hack required physically disrupting the memory bus address lines.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  5. Intel engineers should seriously consider suicide by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I simply have no words, basically once a month we discover our CPUs have one more unpatchable critical security flaw, all because Intel wanted to win the megahertz war of the late '90s. It is pointless to update anything, pointless to stay up to date with your OS, kernel, browser, apps, pointless to have an NSA-style firewall, every remedy is just p_o_i_n_t_l_e_s_s, every Intel CPU has a hole bigger that Rebel Wilson's asshole. And let's not forget all the problems with the Management Engine. And now think about hospitals, government agencies, the military, they all share the same massive security holes, all because of Intel troglodytes.

    I'm tired, frustrated, I'm definitely never ever buying anything with Intel inside anymore in my life, I hate Intel and its engineers from the depth of my heart.

  6. Re:intel is ghey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Informative

    I see the Republicans have arrived.

  7. Please explain the rowhammer relationship by goombah99 · · Score: 3, Informative

    Perhaps I've misunderstood what Rowhammer was. I thought it was a a corruption attack caused by repeated adjacent bank accesses flipping bits in another bank. Thus I thought it's intent was to corrupt the adjacent bank not read back the adjacent bank. I don't even see how the bit flipping could work in the reverse direction to leak out information.

    Yet this article seems to say it amplifies a rowhammer attacks efficiency and also can be used to spy on other processes.

    Not seeing how. So maybe I have this wrong?

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
    1. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by crow · · Score: 2

      I'm not sure either, but I would speculate that since the attack lets you find out about the memory layout, you can figure out where another application (or VM) is using memory, so you can target that memory with Rowhammer, using your own memory that has the right physical relationship on the DRAM chips. I would also speculate that you could use Rowhammer to corrupt your own memory in a way that is predictably different depending on the contents of the memory in the other application, allowing you to read the other application's data.

      It all sounds very difficult to make serious use of, but the difficulty of mitigating it makes it a good target for someone who has the resources to make a serious effort.

    2. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Spoiler attack reveals memory address information which somehow helps speed up the other attacks. They end the summary with... 'Broadly put, the leakage described in this paper will enable attackers to perform existing attacks more efficiently, or to devise new attacks using the novel knowledge.'

    3. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by DamnOregonian · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's a good question. I'll answer.
      Rowhammer allows you to flip bits in memory with specific relationships to memory you can access.
      If one of the bits you're able to flip happens to be bits in a page table, and enough stars line up, allows you to flip access bits on pages you're interested in, the MMU will let you read them as you will. Meltdown addresses this problem by completely swapping out the kernel pagetables between context switches.
      However, if even more stars line up, then you can potentially map pages back in.
      Leaking information about the page tables does make that a much faster process.
      To be clear: Rowhammer is a problem on all CPUs. This accelerates the speed at which Rowhammer can try to brute force a page table entry.

    4. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by goombah99 · · Score: 2

      thanks. that makes sense.

      I've wondered as well why cpu makers don't try to trap these problems with process oversight rather than prevent them. For example, Rowhammer is the use of the memory in a way that exceeds memory specs. You could say the same was true if somehow it was causing overheating or excess current draw. It exceeds specs. We have temperature monitors and current monitors to catch and shut down those two. So why not a monitor that detects rowhammer's spec exceeding aspects? I can't say exactly what that would be but it seems like a rate counter on bank accesses would probably tell you if a bank is being accessed faster than it can be sustainably refreshed. Heck you could even just have a wimpy capacitor that gets read every time the bank is accessed that is guaranteed to deplete before the one storying actual data deplete. So you should be able to detect this right on the memory chips themselves I should think.

      That way you don't have to slow things down trying to prevent this in microcode. It's ahardware problem and seemingly a cheap fix. Everyone would buy ram that was rowhammer proof.

      --
      Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
    5. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      All heuristic scanning processes have this same problem. In a general purpose device you simply can't classify things as weird or abnormal because new software can do all sorts of new and weird things. That leaves you with pattern recognition wack-a-mole looking for specific attacks. Proactive vs reactive. It is very hard to be proactive here which is not to say its impossible. I imagine the engineer that figures out a way to do it is going to become well funded.

    6. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by sjames · · Score: 2

      Rowhammer is indeed a bit flipping attack. The idea here is that if you can figure out the physical page layout, you can make a better guess about what bits you might like to flip in the page table to make a R/O page R/W or to map a physical page you shouldn't see into your address space.

      It's still a 'statistical' attack. It won't always work before something else flips and crashes the machine.

    7. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      except that's not what the GP asked.

    8. Re:Please explain the rowhammer relationship by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rowhammer isnt a CPU issue though, its all on the DRAM.

  8. I'm starting to think by thereddaikon · · Score: 1

    That speculative execution as a concept is flawed and insecure. Or at least the way it is understood today. Perhaps new implementations need to be developed or potentially we should just abandon the concept altogether and accept our CPUs will be a bit slower.

    1. Re:I'm starting to think by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hey, spec exec performs just as the NSA intended it to.

    2. Re:I'm starting to think by lgw · · Score: 1

      That speculative execution as a concept is flawed and insecure.

      It's great as a concept, and there's nothing about the concept that's inherently insecure. It was just implemented with a blind unconcern for security that isn't really excusable in any project that started after 2000 or so.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    3. Re:I'm starting to think by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Sorry, but I must disagree. Inherent in the concept of speculative execution on a CPU is a more complex CPU design, and this means that the chance of design error is vastly increased. Now consider just how difficult it is to write a bug-free program, and how much more difficult it becomes as the complexity of the program increases. Then consider that you can't really do an exhaustive test of a CPU within the lifespan of the universe.

      All that said, either these "bugs" are intentional, or Intel have been exceedingly careless, and since there are a lot more "bugs" revealing information that producing erroneous results I know which way I lean.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    4. Re:I'm starting to think by gweihir · · Score: 2

      It is not really fundamentally flawed. It need care both in its implementation and on the side of the coders using it and there needs to be special support to do some things non-speculatively, but it well can be and will remain part of any fast CPU. This is not so different from other speed-enhancing technologies. The main problem here is that Intel seems to have stopped caring at all a long time back and went to speed as the only goal and AMD had to follow at least partially to get reasonable speeds. But that there are serious dangers here was clear a long time ago and it was discussed in CPU conferences wayyyy back.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    5. Re:I'm starting to think by gweihir · · Score: 1

      I am with "Intel has been exceedingly careless" here. Their tech has been inferior to AMD for quite some time, all they have (had) is better speed. And I think they pushed that one advantage without care and mercy.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    6. Re:I'm starting to think by RhettLivingston · · Score: 1

      Is it speculative execution that is the problem or backtracking? What if we were to pull the speculative execution out of the time domain and put in parallel in space? If we were to include multiple pipelines in the same core, we could speculatively execute multiple branches in parallel and just dump all but the good one when we find out which is right. Then do a single cycle copy of all stages of the good pipeline over all pipelines to resync. With completely separate HW, there would be no potential for one speculation to gain knowledge of another.

      This approach would allow speculative execution with separation of HW and the timing would appear as though the correct branch was always taken. The downside is that much more power and HW is being used per core. This may be acceptable to produce what would likely be the fastest IPC rating ever. At least in desktop applications, we're not so desperate for more cores anymore. Cores that do more could be very good.

    7. Re:I'm starting to think by sjames · · Score: 1

      The concept is fine (in some cases even mathematically provable). It doesn't become a problem until you try to push beyond what you can actually get away with or worse, knowingly cut corners and hope nobody notices.

    8. Re:I'm starting to think by thereddaikon · · Score: 1

      Maybe I misunderstand the issue but I thought the problem had more to do with the physics of the hardware and less to do with any mathematical model the system was based upon.

    9. Re:I'm starting to think by sjames · · Score: 1

      It's not a matter of physics really, other than the speed of light and the size of the components on the die preventing us from just speeding up a simple serial processor with a TB of RAM as fast as cache on die.

      Modern CPUs do their best to work around those limitations through pipelining, speculative execution, and speculative memory operations. The principal being that as long as the actual resulting computation once the speculations are all retired (either incorporated into the result or discarded) is indistinguishable from a simple "virtual" CPU that simply did the computation in the natural thread order but is magically faster.

      So far, so good. The problem happens when that concept is pushed to the breaking point. We can look further ahead and do even more speculative execution if the processor can make accurate guesses as to how likely a particular speculative execution is to pay off. Those guesses can become more accurate if the CPU can "learn' more about the liklihood based on previous passes through a loop. This is the point where Spectre rears it's ugly head. The liklihood depends on the data that only the process should know.

      Even all of that would be OK except that the speculative execution affects what memory gets loaded into the cache. If the CPU always did the speculative execution or never did the speculative execution, the state of the cache would reveal nothing. But if it only sometimes does the speculative execution, the cache state may reveal to other processes when the CPU did or did not speculate. If that decision is based on private data, that data is revealed outside of the process. Note that if discarding a failed speculation also reverted the cache to the pre-speculation state, there would also be no leak.

      Honestly, it's a fairly subtle leak, so it's little wonder so many CPUs share the flaw.

      meltdown is a special case where even the permission check is done out of order during speculation. That one is Intel specific. Other architectures either do the permission check before they decide to speculate further or just don't speculate when a permission check would be needed.

      Note, however, that even if all speculative execution was disabled, there still exists a possible information leak based on how long it takes to execute instructions in order without cache effects. That's why constant time crypto functions are desirable. That is functions that take the same amount of time no matter what the input data is.

  9. Re: Stop Spoiler + all other vulnerabilities... ap by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ohhh. Retardissmo zAParKie.
    On Mac or Linux you don't need native code for your text file merger. It can all be done in a bash script. Faster, safer, more trustworthy, with open code. And it can install it on a router and protect all your devices at once. But this is a black list, and that's a problem with blacklist - they only protect you from what is known. You need the reverse - everything is untrusted, good things are whitelisted. Your logic is broken

  10. Re: intel is ghey by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Did you hear someone in the next stall tapping their foot?

  11. Back To The Abacus. by Zorro · · Score: 2

    Obsidian and Flint never had these problems. Maybe we SHOULD go back to being Cavemen.

    1. Re:Back To The Abacus. by Fly+Swatter · · Score: 5, Funny

      Pretty sure the Abacus is vulnerable to the table shake attack. Also anyone walking by can see your current value.

    2. Re:Back To The Abacus. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Not if you're properly encrypting your values.

  12. Should be called the... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    MOB attack

  13. There is an immediate fix: by Gravis+Zero · · Score: 2

    Buy an AMD chip and motherboard.

    --
    Anons need not reply. Questions end with a question mark.
    1. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just like how switching to AMD was the immediate fix for Spectre? Oh wait...

    2. Re:There is an immediate fix: by willaien · · Score: 1, Insightful

      AMD has had some speculative execution attacks that are viable against them, and there's probably undiscovered/undisclosed ones.

      The correct answer is: don't run untrusted code, even from websites. Come up with better (slower) execution environments that enforce timings.

    3. Re:There is an immediate fix: by SurenEnfiajyan · · Score: 0

      AMD (and also ARM) chips still suffer from most of the Spectre issues, though I agree somewhat, they're fewer than in Intel chips.

    4. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Sure there are undiscovered ones, but you can't put that on the same plate as lots and lots of DISCOVERED ONES. There are no AMD POC's. Stop spreading FUD.

    5. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      yeah except then you're stuck using a buggy AMD product

    6. Re:There is an immediate fix: by HiThere · · Score: 1

      No. They suffer from SOME Spectre errors. Not most. And the ones they suffer from are more difficult to implement.

      Most of the errors, and especially most of the ones that are (relatively) easy to implement, are Intel specific.

      That said, AMD has it's own "management engine". Not good.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    7. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Misagon · · Score: 3, Informative

      The researchers had tested only an AMD processor of the previous generation: Bulldozer.
      It is still unknown if Zen is susceptible to this attack or not.

      --
      "We mustn't be caught by surprise by our own advancing technology" -- Aldous Huxley
    8. Re:There is an immediate fix: by SurenEnfiajyan · · Score: 1

      As of 2018, AMD chips are also vulnerable to Spectre1 and Spectre2, only Intel has Meltdown alongside these issues. As for now much more Spectre types have been discovered and this list keeps growing. Many Intel, AMD and ARM chips are vulnerable.

    9. Re:There is an immediate fix: by gweihir · · Score: 1

      They have a part of the issues, but they also come with it being a lot harder to exploit than on Intel, on some so hard that it is not even clear whether they can be exploited at all. (No such doubts on Intel). Denying that AMD now has a significant security advantage is just blind.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    10. Re:There is an immediate fix: by RhettLivingston · · Score: 2

      Even Intel doesn't believe this. If they did, they wouldn't have so desperate to combine the Spectre and Meltdown issues into one announcement and jump the gun on the announcement in order to obfuscate the fact that their exposure to these problems was and is much greater.

    11. Re:There is an immediate fix: by SurenEnfiajyan · · Score: 1
      Why people misunderstand me. I just said that AMD has many of the issues that Intel has, they are somewhat fewer but they exist. Did you miss this?

      I agree somewhat, they're fewer than in Intel chips.

      AMD has some advantages (such as not having Meltdown, but as far as I know only Linux dynamically toggles this mitigation, not sure about MacOS) but it still has many Spectre type issues. Some people might prefer AMD chips because of this.

    12. Re:There is an immediate fix: by willaien · · Score: 1
    13. Re:There is an immediate fix: by gweihir · · Score: 1

      I did not miss your statement. While AMD has some of the Spectre type issues, they are far harder to exploit on Intel due to implementation differences, to the point that some researchers doubt they can be practically exploited on AMD at all. To be fair, they are already pretty hard to exploit on Intel.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    14. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      yeah except you're a moron, you deserve to be hacked because you're fucking dumb and a fangirl more than a truth-seeker.

    15. Re:There is an immediate fix: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      But you can bet that Intel spent all of the 90 days trying to get it to fail on AMD Zen too so that they could muddy the waters with a press release and try to blame AMD too. So chances are very good AMD has no problem with this one.

    16. Re:There is an immediate fix: by willaien · · Score: 1

      Exactly how would that be muddying the waters? It's fair to point out that issues affecting your system affect your direct competitors, too.

  14. Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by SurenEnfiajyan · · Score: 2

    Modern computing becomes so disappointing. New and new security issues are discovered in CPUs and the software becomes more and more inefficient after each mitigation without the full benefit of the speed of the modern hardware. I wonder if we'll the point where it will be more practical just not to optimize hardware in some ways anymore since more problems are created than solved.

    1. Re:Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by ReneR · · Score: 1

      that's why I still stick to my Sgi Octane (w/ Linux): https://www.youtube.com/watch?... and when performance does not matter, a SPARCstation 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?... ;-)!

    2. Re:Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by HiThere · · Score: 2

      It's already past that point. But the simpler chips aren't manufactured with modern techniques.

      The better approach would be massively multi-processor chips with drastically simpler CPUs. Say something similar to the M68000, only also with 64 bit words. You'd need to add a few instructions to facilitate passing immutable messages between the CPUs on the chip. (Is CPU even the correct term?) And each CPU would need it's own cache. A couple of the CPUs would be processed for I/O handling (PPUs?).

      Unfortunately, this approach would require redesigning most software. Whoops!

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    3. Re:Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by SurenEnfiajyan · · Score: 1

      Or maybe let the software, such as JS engine or OS kernel, to turn off certain optimizations but still benefiting from many others.

    4. Re:Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Itanium is also immune to speculative execution because with Itanium, the compiler does the speculating, not the processor.

      See https://secure64.com/not-vulnerable-intel-itanium-secure64-sourcet/

    5. Re:Flawed HW+ inefficient SW = disappointment by thegarbz · · Score: 1

      What problem is being created? Our lives are a constant battle of benefits vs downsides. If we cared truly deeply about security we wouldn't be here talking right now with our valuable computers exposed to a foreign network.

      Yet we've accepted that risk for the benefit we get. Likewise most people who care about speed will disable Specter mitigation due to the incredibly tiny likelihood of it yielding a successful exploit in most end user scenarios.

      Conversely there are some people out there who should definitely not be compromising security in the name of speed or convenience.

  15. Can security researchers please stop! by ReneR · · Score: 0

    Seriously, soon nothing left that is secure, and performance all gone all over the place :-/!

    1. Re:Can security researchers please stop! by sinij · · Score: 1

      I could only assume you are not serious when conflating research into discovering vulnerabilities and existence of vulnerabilities. Wait, are you serious?

    2. Re:Can security researchers please stop! by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Some people just do not get it. As if vulnerabilities only exist if somebody is looking.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    3. Re: Can security researchers please stop! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Id rather be 'worried' but aware.

    4. Re:Can security researchers please stop! by ReneR · · Score: 1

      it was not obvious that I was JOKING?!? :-/

    5. Re:Can security researchers please stop! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      no

    6. Re:Can security researchers please stop! by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Ah, sorry. There are just too many idiots around that would actually say what you did and be dead serious about it.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  16. Don't issue a CVE by mschaffer · · Score: 4, Funny

    Instead of issuing a CVE they should be issuing a "spoiler alert".

  17. Not "just a bit slower" Many times slower! by ameline · · Score: 1

    You will see roughly 1/5th the performance, if you eliminate all speculation and OOO Execution.
    (Which means 1/5th the battery life in a mobile device.)

    The notion that giving up speculative execution is a reasonable option is deeply flawed.

    We need to fix it so that information cannot leak via timing attacks.

    Practically speaking we may only be able to reduce the bit rate of the leaks to something very slow, and in combination increasing the size of the secrets we are trying to protect. This will have the effect that meaningful secrets will take years to leak.

    --
    Ian Ameline
    1. Re:Not "just a bit slower" Many times slower! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't think that's true. There have been some recent-ish server CPUs (POWER6, UltraSPARC T-series, all Itanium, come to mind) that lack some or all of these features. They were certainly slower clock-for-clock than out-of-order CPUs (one reason IBM returned to out-of-order with the POWER7), but not ludicrously so -- the POWER6 was faster than its out-of-order predecessor, for instance. POWER6 still ran past some branches, and had some of these features, but UltraSPARC T1-T3 and Itanium did not have any speculative anything. Many ARMs don't either.

      Abandoning them certainly has some cost, but is not totally crazy.

    2. Re:Not "just a bit slower" Many times slower! by thereddaikon · · Score: 1

      I think 1/5th the performance is over stating it a bit. There will be an impact but we are realistically looking at more like 25%. CPU's didn't magically get 5x faster when OOO execution was introduced.

    3. Re:Not "just a bit slower" Many times slower! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Abandoning them certainly has some cost, but is not totally crazy.

      I completely agree. For me, the cost in performance is worth the gain in security. Let's hope that security-minded organizations start pressuring the industry to produce more of these processors that are immune to the speculative execution vulnerabilities.

    4. Re:Not "just a bit slower" Many times slower! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think you're understating it. While they didn't magically get significantly faster in one hit, lots of the optimizations that have been added incrementally over the years are reliant on it.

  18. Reminder - BULLSHIT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "The researchers also examined Arm and AMD processor cores, but found they did not exhibit similar behavior."

    ""The leakage can be exploited by a limited set of instructions, which is visible in all Intel generations starting from the 1st generation of Intel Core processors, independent of the OS and also works from within virtual machines and sandboxed environments.""

    There is nothing similar in AMD land, and no, there are no functional POC's right now for AMD. ARM yes. Malware waves use POC's that exist, not ones that don't.

    1. Re:Reminder - BULLSHIT by HiThere · · Score: 1

      While your quote is correct, the Grandparent's point was that Intel has been more heavily studied than AMD or ARM, and thus it may be that different attacks of equivalent severity exist for those architectures.

      And he's right, but they sure aren't known to exist. Where attacks are known to exist, Intel is either equally vulnerable, more vulnerable, or the only one vulnerable. (Well, OK, I overstate the point. Sorry. Yes, there have been a few attacks specific to the AMD or ARM.)

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    2. Re:Reminder - BULLSHIT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      With regard to THIS type of attack, AMD is not vulnerable. It's 1:1 a result of Intel's specific instructions. With regard to Spectre, there is a POC for "in-process" corruption on AMD, but critically NOT CROSS-PROCESS.

      That really is a key distinction. You'd have to run the exploit IN the process you're trying to get data OUT of. This makes it a PURE EDGE POC, it cannot be readily exploited without other at-level vulns. And since we're talking about CPU Ring-0 process security, other vulns that would allow that would allow ANYTHING else, and doing a Spectre attack in such an environment would be a waste of time as you already have your hooks in.

      Intel's problem is that ANY process (even in VM's!) can access ANY other process's memory despite all mitigations, and then on top of that in Spectre, we have this new way of simply jumping through their front door register methodology.

      ARM has similar cross-process issues, though different from Intel, and without this new Intel-specific attack in this article.

      Short story - Intel is borked. They need to rewrite the way EVERYTHING works under the hood. AMD took a more sanitary approach and either got lucky, has yet to be exposed as swiss cheese, or is actually more secure.

      We don't know which of those three is the case because we're not 100% through this entire case study, but either way given the state of POC's that exist NOW, comparing these vulns on AMD to Intel is just not a 1:1 and not close.

      You can't have a malware wave without a POC, public or secret. If there are public POC's for trivially unlocking Intel methods, and none such for AMD, that's not comparable.

    3. Re:Reminder - BULLSHIT by willaien · · Score: 1

      "some of these attacks" = the various speculative execution attacks, not the exact attacks in the article, numbnuts. My point was that this is a much further reaching issue than just some handful that have been found in Intel chips. This problem of leaking data via various speed enhancements type of attacks will probably be more widespread than we currently realize, and saying "don't buy intel, buy AMD because it's safe" is a naive and dangerous mindset to be in for this. We should be taking steps to mitigate this entire class of attack.

  19. Re:Intel engineers should seriously consider suici by lgw · · Score: 2

    all because Intel wanted to win the megahertz war of the late '90s.

    That's exactly the opposite of true. Speculative execution is entirely about "get the most done with each clock cycle", the opposite of ramping up clock cycles meaninglessly since little gets done on each.

    --
    Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
  20. Spy vs. Spy by 3seas · · Score: 1

    Its like a game to find out what deals the NSA has made with chip makers.

    1. Re:Spy vs. Spy by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      There's no need for the NSA to have a flaw such as this when you have an entire "Management Engine" on the chip.

  21. Re:Intel engineers should seriously consider suici by gweihir · · Score: 3, Insightful

    And it is also possible that AMD just fucked up a lot less than Intel. Remember that technologically, AMD has been ahead for quite a while (e.g. integrated memory controller, far better multi-core support, etc.), just speed-wise they lagged behind. We do now know where Intel got a significant part of that speed. So while AMD will have some vulnerabilities, it is quite possible that they have a lot less and that what they have is often a lot harder to exploit. This is the verdict on Spectre and Meltdown and there are good reasons to believe this is not an accident, but a systematic difference.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  22. All ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm pretty sure my 8080 is safe!

  23. Not Itanium by OneHundredAndTen · · Score: 1

    Interesting how this much-maligned, and all but dead, processor architecture remains immune to these attacks.

    1. Re:Not Itanium by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And new Itanium processors are still being sold by Intel

      https://www.extremetech.com/computing/285012-farewell-godspeed-itanic-intel-to-discontinue-the-itanium-family

      Although Intel plans to discontinue the processor by 2021, I'm hoping that they change their mind.

  24. Who gives a f*ck? I always run as root anyway. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    System security is overrated. Optar anything important and don't keep confidential data on computers. Problem solved! (Games and gossip is what they do best anyway)

  25. DO NOT MAKE FALSE EQUIVOCATIONS PLEASE. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    In a word, wrong. AMD is not cross-process vulnerable without another vuln at RING-0, you can only attack in-process. That makes it much less useful - you need to have an existing hacked process to get THAT PROCESS data.

    With intel you can get ANY process data from ANY OTHER PROCESS, even in VM's. It's not comparable. This article is a NEW, additional attack that makes it even more trivially exploited.

    FTFY

  26. Do both. Render video on Intel, don't use keys by raymorris · · Score: 1

    We can have fast CPUs with speculation execution and all of that, and all of the same security for private keys you'd get with a simple, slow CPU.

    An Intel Core i9 is good for transcoding video and cost $500.
    An Intel 8051 is secure for handling encryption keys and cost $1.
    If you can afford the $500 Core i9, you can afford to add the equivalent of an 8051 for the most security sensitive stuff like generating and handling encryption keys.

    That's what chips like the DS5250 are for. They don't have speculative execution or any of that fancy stuff. A Core i9 has billions of transistors. Lots and lots of places for things to leak. Some of the smaller, much simpler CPUs have a few thousand transistors. That's a lot less attack surface. No reason not to have both. The DS5250 is designed for security and it costs about a buck.

  27. Time to haul out my old Cyrix CPU by rnmartinez · · Score: 1

    bonus points if you remember these

    1. Re:Time to haul out my old Cyrix CPU by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where can I collect my bonus points?

  28. Block sources of such attacks via hosts files by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: Via APK Hosts File Engine 2.0++ 64-bit for Linux/BSD h t t p : / / a p k . i t - m a t e . c o . u k / A P K H o s t s F i l e E n g i n e F o r L i n u x . z i p

    Yields more security/speed/reliability/anonymity vs. any 1 solution (99% of threats = hostnames vs. IPaddy most firewalls use) more efficiently/FASTER + NATIVELY 4 less!

    Vs. "Bolt on 'MoAr' illogic-logic" slowing u hosts speed u up 2 ways: Adblocks + Hardcode fav. sites u spend most time @ vs. competition w/ security bugs (DNS/AntiVir) + overheads slowing u (messagepass 'souled-out' to advertisers easily detected & blocked addons + firewall filtering drivers) & their complexity leads to exploit!

    * For blocking malscript &/or sites delivering it, hosts work https://meltdownattack.com/mel...

    APK

    P.S.=> Protects vs. scripts/trackers (kernelmode fast vs. usermode slow NoScript vs. 3rd party script)/ads/DNS request tracking + redirect poisoned or downed DNS/botnets/malware download/malcript/mail malpayload

  29. Oh projecting YOU're retarded, anon stalker by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Oh projecting YOU're retarded, anon stalker of me: Did you surf here in Lynx (tty term *NIX browser) too? GUI's the future & Windows proved it.

    * If Linux wants more "common-man" users, GUI's the way to get them.

    APK

    P.S.=> For the best hosts file multiplatform:

    APK Hosts File Engine 2.0++ 64-bit for Linux h t t p : / / a p k . i t - m a t e . c o . u k / A P K H o s t s F i l e E n g i n e F o r L i n u x . z i p (remove spaces between chars & download)

    APK Hosts File Engine 10++ SR-1 32/64-bit for Windows https://hosts-file.net/?s=Down... (DL link @ bottom)

    Soon for MacOS too (I just got a NEW Mac-Mini to port it there)... apk

  30. Still IMPERSONATING me JEALOUS "Lil' Jowie"? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    MacOS model's not done: Stop IMPERSONATING me lying & proof portfilter err's can't happen in my work https://news.slashdot.org/comm...

    HILARIOUS u ADMIT u have a /. acct & STALK me by UNIDENTIFIABLE ac https://hardware.slashdot.org/... - YOU have ISSUES, lunatic!

    See subject & that's the "best ya got"? It proves You WISH you were ME (as your POOR imitation = the sincerest form of flattery).

    Instead of WASTING your life STALKING me by UNIDENTIFIABLE anonymous posts OR IMPERSONATING me (since you WISH you were me)? Make a Wheel https://isc.sans.edu/forums/di... as I have that gives users more speed/security/reliability & anonymity NATIVELY doing more for less vs. ANY single 'solution' out there!

    * LASTLY - the ONLY time you start IMPERSONATING me vs. STALKING me by UNIDENTIFIABLE anon posts is WHEN YOU ARE OUT OF "downmodpoints" I can easily NULLIFY by REPOSTING my posts RUNNING YOU DRY of them after you ABUSE them - I must've already, lol!

    APK

    P.S.=> I know WHY you do it though (out of "butthurt angst", lol): I've BLOWN YOU AWAY so many times under your MANY alter-ego SOCKPUPPET /. accounts FAKENAMES you're out for "revenge" only to have EGG ON YOUR FACE yet again https://tech.slashdot.org/comm... ... apk

  31. Wow, that's fucking stupid. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You're a moron Ray.

  32. Why does Intel still exist?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Can someone tell me why after the Meltdown/Spectre attacks, Intel still exists?

    It's been found out that Intel knew about these massive vulnerabilities and yet still released new processors. On top of that it was during peak shopping season, during Black Friday/Cyber Monday & X-Mas holidays. Does that not constitute of enough fraud that they should be shutdown completely?

    1. Re:Why does Intel still exist?? by Bandraginus · · Score: 1

      Guessing it's because they hold many Defence and NSA contracts. Too big to fail.

    2. Re:Why does Intel still exist?? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Guessing it's because they hold many Defence and NSA contracts. Too big to fail.

      Sadly, you're probably right. Thanks for the reply.

  33. You just proved my point, not yours. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You should post the data since the link says nothing : Basically you've proven my point by linking to the specifics.

    Overview
    At AMD, security is a top priority and we are continually working to ensure the safety of our users as new risks arise. Recent public disclosures have brought to the forefront the constant need to protect and secure data.

    This site is a centralized location for the latest security-related updates as they relate to AMD.

    Updates
    Foreshadow
    8/14/18 – Updated

    As in the case with Meltdown, we believe our processors are not susceptible to these new speculative execution attack variants: L1 Terminal Fault – SGX (also known as Foreshadow) CVE 2018-3615, L1 Terminal Fault – OS/SMM (also known as Foreshadow-NG) CVE 2018-3620, and L1 Terminal Fault – VMM (also known as Foreshadow-NG) CVE 2018-3646, due to our hardware paging architecture protections. We are advising customers running AMD EPYC processors in their data centers, including in virtualized environments, to not implement Foreshadow-related software mitigations for their AMD platforms.

    Spectre Mitigation Update
    7/13/18

    This week, a sub-variant of the original, Google Project (GPZ) variant 1 / Spectre security vulnerability was disclosed by MIT. Consistent with variant 1, we believe this threat can be mitigated through the operating system (OS). AMD is working with the software ecosystem to mitigate variant 1.1 through operating system updates where necessary. We have not identified any AMD x86 products susceptible to the Variant 1.2 vulnerability in our analysis to-date. Please check with your OS provider for the latest information.

    AMD has also updated related portions of the Software Techniques for Managing Speculation on AMD Processors whitepaper.

    “Speculative Store Bypass” Vulnerability Mitigations for AMD Platforms
    5/21/18

    Today, Microsoft and Google Project Zero researchers have identified a new category of speculative execution side channel vulnerability (Speculative Store Bypass or SSB) that is closely related to the previously disclosed GPZ/Spectre variant 1 vulnerabilities. Microsoft has released an advisory on the vulnerability and mitigation plans.

    AMD recommended mitigations for SSB are being provided by operating system updates back to the Family 15 processors (“Bulldozer” products). For technical details, please see the AMD whitepaper. Microsoft is completing final testing and validation of AMD-specific updates for Windows client and server operating systems, which are expected to be released through their standard update process. Similarly, Linux distributors are developing operating system updates for SSB. AMD recommends checking with your OS provider for specific guidance on schedules.

    Based on the difficulty to exploit the vulnerability, AMD and our ecosystem partners currently recommend using the default setting that maintains support for memory disambiguation.

    We have not identified any AMD x86 products susceptible to the Variant 3a vulnerability in our analysis to-date.

    As a reminder, security best practices of keeping your operating system and BIOS up-to-date, utilizing safe computer practices and running antivirus software are always the first line of defense in maintaining device security.

    Spectre Mitigation Update
    4/10/18 (Updated 5/8/18 to reflect Microsoft release of Windows Server 2016)

    Today, AMD is providing updates regarding our recommended mitigations for Google Project Zero (GPZ) Variant 2 (Spectre) for Microsoft Windows users. These mitigations require a combination of processor microcode updates from our OEM and motherboard partners, as well as running the current and fully up-to-date version of Windows. For Linux users, AMD recommended mitigations for GPZ Variant 2 were made available to our Linux partners and have been released to distribution earlier this year.

    As a reminder, GPZ Variant 1 (Spectre) mitigation is provided through operating system up

    1. Re:You just proved my point, not yours. by willaien · · Score: 1

      I read this part, in the linked original Spectre disclosure, did you?

      Google Project Zero (GPZ) Variant 1 (Bounds Check Bypass or Spectre) is applicable to AMD processors.
      GPZ Variant 2 (Branch Target Injection or Spectre) is applicable to AMD processors.
      GPZ Variant 3 (Rogue Data Cache Load or Meltdown) is not applicable to AMD processors.

      So, at least two variants of Spectre/Meltdown had to be mitigated on AMD platforms. My point still stands, it's not just an Intel thing, and switching to another processor isn't going to protect you from all variations of future attacks, just against a handful of intel specific ones that we know about right now. These are flaws inherent to our current processor designs and will probably take a few generations of processors to make secure.

  34. Re:Intel engineers should seriously consider suici by sjames · · Score: 2

    Possibly, but so far, Intel HAS shown more flaws, more serious flaws, and a bigger performance hit from the mitigations.

  35. Israel. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Intel Core Arch was a Pentium 3 derivative made by one of Intel's Israeli design teams. Does anyone really think they were dumb enough to end up with all of these layered exploits in the CPU core without one of the many Israeli research groups/Mossad documenting the exploits and keeping them under wraps for future operations?

    All the China and Russia threats pale in comparison to Israel, because they are the modern day Venice of technology, combined with the ruthlessness of all the major intelligence services put together (and moles in each!)

    1. Re:Israel. by skids · · Score: 1

      Never attribute to malice that which can be explained by stupidity.

      It would surprise me if a junior engineer at some point during the development of each
      culpable feature set raised his hand and said "you know, this is a slippery slope we are
      heading down here that could lead to cross-process exploits." ... and then was told to
      sit down, shut up, and get the layout for the ancillary peripheral bus controller validated
      under PSPICE and let the senior engineers worry about the big stuff... because after
      all we have to get new product out to the marketplace that makes corporate desktop
      fleets stop choking on whatever abomination of an application suite firms like PeopleSoft
      are making them run.

      In general, the problem comes from really smart people designing chips to run spaghetti code
      very fast, instead of just optimizing code, because designing chips payed better, because
      the people who were paying coders just wanted it to work and were not capable of discerning
      good product from bad as long as the payroll went out on time and everyone got their cat pics
      posted.

  36. Use better security, dumbass... apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: APK Hosts File Engine 1.0++ 64-bit for MacOS h t t p : / / a p k . i t - m a t e . c o . u k / A P K H o s t s F i l e E n g i n e F o r M a c O S . z i p

    Yields more security/speed/reliability/anonymity vs. any 1 solution (99% of threats use hostnames vs. IP address most firewalls use) more efficiently/FASTER + NATIVELY 4 less!

    Vs. "Bolt on 'MoAr' illogic-logic" slowing you hosts speed u up 2 ways: Adblocks + Hardcode fav. sites u spend most time @ vs. competition loaded w/ security bugs (DNS/AntiVir) + overheads slowing u (messagepass 'souled-out' to advertisers easily detected & blocked addons + firewall filtering drivers) & their complexity leads to exploitation!

    * ONLY 1 of its kind in GUI 4 MacOS!

    (Better vs. Windows model in speed/efficiency)

    APK

    P.S.=> Protects against ALL known & unknown vulnerabilities. Now supports port filters in hosts. My work is world-class & China copied it because they can't do better. I am God's gift to Slashdot... apk

  37. AMD: LOL noSPOILER by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's looking more and more like major cloud vendors may be obligated by risk compliance officers to offer AMD only cloud services, since clearly Intel clearly screwed the pooch on speculative execution security enforcement in an attempt to eek out more performance. Not that AMD itself is entirely in the clear, as the recent google paper showing Spectre is effectively here to stay.