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Cats Can Recognize Their Own Names, Study Suggests (gizmodo.com)

AmiMoJo shares a report from Gizmodo: Plenty of cat owners will happily tell you their felines are capable of responding to their own names, but the scientific jury remains ambivalent on the matter. A fascinating new experiment suggests this might actually be true for some cats, and it's a capacity very much tied to the social environment in which the cat lives. The new research, published today in Scientific Advances, doesn't mean cats understand the human conception of a name, but it does show that at least some cats can distinguish their names from other words. Prior research has shown that cats can recognize human gestures, facial expressions, and vocal cues. Slashdot reader sciencehabit adds: Give this a shot at home: Say four random words to your cat -- separated by about 15 seconds -- with the same length and intonation as its name. Then say its actual name. If it swivels its ears or perks up its head, chances are it knows what you call it. That's essentially what researchers did in a new study. The scientists saw similar responses when the cat's name came after the names of other felines he lived with, or when a stranger spoke the words. The findings are the first to experimentally show that cats have some understanding of what we are saying to them, the team concludes.

34 of 228 comments (clear)

  1. No surprise by redback · · Score: 5, Informative

    This should come as no surprise to anyone who owns a cat.

    My cats will come when they are called, if they feel like it. Sometimes they will run to the door then refuse to actually come in.

    So yeah, they understand. They just probably dont give a shit about what you want.

    1. Re:No surprise by AmiMoJo · · Score: 4, Funny

      I did wonder if my cats were just responding to my voice. Ignoring everything I say, merely taking note of the fact that the help had returned from wherever the fresh chicken comes from.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
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    2. Re:No surprise by DamnOregonian · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I don't know. My girlfriend breeds them (Russian Blues)
      We also have various other cats "boarded" at our place for periods of time due to her CFA connections.
      I'm literally exposed to 10-11 cats a year, though never 3 or so at a time, for varying lengths of time. I.e., I have a *lot* of experience cohabitating with cats. A diverse selection of cats.

      While cats certainly recognize words, I have seen little evidence that they're aware of their name.
      If I call a cat by the treats, every cat that wants a treat comes running.
      If I call a cat while on the couch, every cat that wants pets will come running.
      If I call a cat while I'm in the bathroom, our one cat that fucking loves the shower will come running.

      You could argue that as "they know I'm calling someone, but they don't give a fuck that it's not them"
      But I read the article too, and they didn't discount for the possibility that they are simply recognizing that you're calling attention to yourself, which they may or may not be interested in, depending on the context, as opposed to making random noises.

      In short, I think learn to interpret "names" as some cat meowing loudly because he wants something, which also depending on context, will send various other cats running toward it.

    3. Re:No surprise by Joce640k · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Animal smarts only ever surprises people who don't own animals.

      My two cats definitely know their own names and they're not even the smartest cats I've ever owned.

      More: They know the other cat's name, too. I once asked one of them where the other cat was (she was stuck in a cupboard - somebody closed the door) and he took me there pawed at the door, like saying, "She's in there!".

      --
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    4. Re:No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      This should come as no surprise to anyone who owns a cat.

      My cats will come when they are called, if they feel like it. Sometimes they will run to the door then refuse to actually come in.

      So yeah, they understand. They just probably dont give a shit about what you want.

      Must have taken a lot of effort on your cat's part to train you that well.

    5. Re:No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I have two, they both look directly at me and meow at me when I say their individual names and don't meow at me when I say the others name or just make noises in general.

      They do recognize their names, it's just a lot of cats don't give a shit what we want.

    6. Re:No surprise by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Funny

      I noticed that they react to the can opener way better than my voice.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    7. Re:No surprise by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I don't know. My girlfriend breeds them (Russian Blues)

      While cats certainly recognize words, I have seen little evidence that they're aware of their name.

      Totally different experience; cats whose owners have no emotional connection to the owners and live with many other cats and hearing the names of other cats continuously as the kitten mill churns along; and a cat that is kept as a pet and develops a long emotional bond with the owner and gets lots of one on one time.

      A cat that is kept as a pet and has an emotional bond with their human is going to develop deeper understanding of their human than one that is a commodity to a human and doesn't have the emotional bond.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    8. Re:No surprise by Gaxx · · Score: 4, Informative

      Yes - we had two cats and one was smart and one was about as dumb as a rock (in cat terms, at least). Both were well aware of their own names, though.

      --
      -- Gaxx
    9. Re:No surprise by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 2

      Animal smarts only ever surprises people who don't own animals.

      My two cats definitely know their own names and they're not even the smartest cats I've ever owned.

      More: They know the other cat's name, too. I once asked one of them where the other cat was (she was stuck in a cupboard - somebody closed the door) and he took me there pawed at the door, like saying, "She's in there!".

      Yeah, cats have a wide variance in intelligence. Some are really smart and some are really dumb- just like dogs have different levels of intelligence. Some of mine have shown a wide variety of vocab and understanding.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    10. Re:No surprise by Oswald+McWeany · · Score: 2

      This should come as no surprise to anyone who owns a cat.

      My cats will come when they are called, if they feel like it. Sometimes they will run to the door then refuse to actually come in.

      So yeah, they understand. They just probably dont give a shit about what you want.

      Not only do they know their name, they understand intonation as well. Also, we have one cat that each member of the family calls a different name- she responds to all five names; but knows for example, when we call out one of her siblings names, that we're not talking to her.

      --
      "That's the way to do it" - Punch
    11. Re:No surprise by sinij · · Score: 4, Funny

      My 12 cats periodically check if I am steel breathing. I suspect they are just waiting to eat my carcass.

    12. Re: No surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Iâ(TM)ve never owned a cat that didnâ(TM)t respond to itâ(TM)s own name. And Iâ(TM)ve owned several throughout my 68 years. What I find noteworthy...actually disturbing about this article is that something so obvious merits a study to confirm it. Apparently not a one of these researchers has ever owned a cat. What a waste of time, money and bandwidth.

    13. Re:No surprise by Grand+Facade · · Score: 4, Funny

      Yes but she went in to the bedroom to pee on your clothes!

      --
      Rick B.
  2. How to annoy a cat by mattdunelm · · Score: 2

    Keep talking to the cat four times in a minute. On the fifth time, chances are you've started to upset it and its getting ready to go someplace else.

  3. What did hte *cats* conclude from this experiment? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    Will the cats ever reveal the results of this experiment of theirs on humans who think they're "scientists"?

  4. Re:1 of my cats is definitely smarter than the oth by willy_me · · Score: 2

    A friend got drunk and booted his cat one night. For the next several months he had to sleep with his door shut. If the cat got in it would take a shit on his chest while he was sleeping. I am told it took him several months to get back on good terms with the cat. Lesson to be learned is that cats can have a good memory and understanding of their environment. They can also often tell the difference between human accidents and on purpose. Applying flea medicine is definitely on purpose so you should expect the cat to hold a grudge for a while.

  5. Sigh. by ledow · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Not necessarily.

    They are recognising a sound that normally precedes things of interest to them... usually food.

    For all we know, they think "Tiddles" means "I'm opening up a tin of meat for you". It only has to correlate enough for them to think it's worth getting their attention diverted to see if there's food, not every time.

    Now, I did teach my cats words. They understand what those words mean and how they differ. They don't always know their own name, for example, and will ignore you calling them upstairs by it (food isn't served upstairs, so why would I wake up and run all the way up there?.

    I teach my cats the word "down"... which discourages them off furniture, shelves, stairs, places they shouldn't be. They tend to get that.

    They don't need an explicit word for food, they tend to go by the sound of the food bag/tin being opened, but using their name does reinforce that. When you want them to approach, you can try the name but what piques their interest is chirpy sounds or holding out your fingers... both food-related enticements. They won't approach if they know you haven't got food, unless they want a stroke but that's usually a side-effect of wanting to sit on you or be fed.

    Some of them learned that me patting my lap means they are welcome to jump up but they struggle even with that.

    Let's stop anthropomorphising them... they are little wild animals that have been given a privileged environment that they will defend if necessary, accept our presence in because we are much larger and more dangerous than them, have become accustomed to us generally being amenable to them being present, sometimes scent-mark us (especially to remember who fed them, usually), act like kittens in such an environment, and respond almost entirely only to food-based enticements.

    That's not a bad thing. It's called a pet.

    Though it is said that the greatest, most natural, and most clear signal of any species in terms of offering of peace is to give food. That's why you shouldn't refuse offers of dinner in foreign countries. Giving somebody food is the biggest signal you can offer in terms of acceptance, non-threatening, friendliness, sharing of vital resources, etc.

    1. Re:Sigh. by GuB-42 · · Score: 2

      They don't always know their own name, for example, and will ignore you calling them upstairs by it (food isn't served upstairs, so why would I wake up and run all the way up there?.

      You just proved that teenagers don't always know their own names.

    2. Re:Sigh. by ledow · · Score: 2

      They respond to the name, because that name is used when feeding them. As per the article, it doesn't matter who says it, whether you feed them or not - they know what the sound for "Dinnertime" is, whoever says it. They are associating it with food.

      That they respond does not mean they think it means "Me, particularly" which a name does, but "Come Get It!". Now if one cat responded to their name to come get food but no other cat in the house cared, then you might have something testable. That's incredibly unlikely, however.

      Why would they only selectively respond to their name? Because they think it's a word that requires their attention? Or because they think it's a word related to an activity that they can tell isn't taking place, therefore they must have misheard/misunderstand/that word only works in certain places? The intonation is also entirely different, as you say, if you're saying "Come on, Tiddles, Dinner!" than "Did you want to come round for dinner tomorrow?". They don't understand the word, they know the sound that precedes dinner, which is however you - or someone else - normally calls them to eat.

      Cats are social animals, domestic cats are kitten-like in nature, they come in for pets with humans and each other in the same way. You're a big cat to them. Wild animals do the same, they just haven't accepted humans as they own kind because they didn't grow up with them. Put a lion cub in a human house, watch it acclimatise and "play" with humans like they were other lion cubs.

      Personally most cats don't like contact unless they've been handled from birth. They see humans as "something different but we'll accept you" rather than something they will happily snuggle against. Go approaching random cats that free-roam, were taken from shelters, were part-reared without human interaction or that live in a big enough space to not attach to a small subset of humans... they won't snuggle with you. Hell, even a domestic cat that's been abandoned or a kitten pushed out of the domestic litter will likely act wild rather than domesticated.

      One of the biggest problems with cats and people who love cats is that they assume all cats will snuggle, and many won't. I work in an environment with dozens of cats are quite accustomed to roaming the site. They are all house-trained, they are all "domesticated". But they see enough humans that they don't attach to any particular one at all, so getting them to snuggle is out of the question. You might be permitted a stroke or two if they like you and think you might have food and aren't a threat. Feed them and they'll follow you home. Just stroke them and swizzle their cheek and that's all you'll ever get.

      It's about the long-term effect of their interaction with humans, words and food. Same as your bear... you can't just lob a sausage at it and think it'll be your friend. It won't. But if you reared a bear-cub in a human house and said "Honey" every time you fed it, it would grow up to a) be accustomed to humans and bond with them, seeing them as "others of the same kind", b) respond to the word Honey, c) probably be way more placid than one battling the elements, predators and other bears.

      Cats are the same. They are wild animals that quickly revert to wild behaviour in the absence of human interaction. If reared as a baby-human, in effect, they become playful and stay kitten-like with humans (miaows are an entirely kitten behaviour in the wild, domestic cats are the only ones to retain them, because.... they are treated by humans as a request for food much like kittens miaow to request food).

      They have learned to associate sounds but they don't understand deep concepts about those words (e.g. the concept of a name that is addressed only to them, rather than the word that gets used when they get fed). They are acclimated to human presence but without a deep bond from early age (pretty much never seeing anything but other bonded domestic cats and humans) they don't really offer the behaviours you described t

    3. Re:Sigh. by omfglearntoplay · · Score: 2

      There's no need to paint cats as complete selfish bastards... I mean the occasional cat joke is great because there is that grain of truth there, but seriously, they are awesome pets.

      "Some of them learned that me patting my lap means they are welcome to jump up but they struggle even with that."

      What?! All of my cats since I can remember learn that patting something, or patting then pointing at something, means to go there. Lap, stairs, couch, bed, etc.

      I wonder what in your environment or situation is causing some of the cats to not know what that means. It's been consistent for me and my close relatives from kid to college to adult over the course of 10+ cats.

      "respond almost entirely only to food-based enticements."

      Well, there is a grain of truth in that, but it's really not all food... my cats love to be petted. And our tomcat loves to sit on our lap or next to our feet. No food involved at all. Our youngest cat, 3 years old, was a little shy for the first 2 years, but now that she's mature she really loves to be petted. Just this morning she was hanging out near my daughter and me when we were near the bathroom sink. She kept meowing at us. I pointed at the counter, patted it, pointed, patted... she jumped right up and wanted to be petted. Yeah sure, sometimes they are begging for food, but she really just wants attention sometimes. Our tomcat always wants attention unless he is asleep.

      And what about playing with the cats? Most cats really love to chase a toy, no food there.

      Yeah cats are cool.

    4. Re:Sigh. by Aighearach · · Score: 2

      Cats can understand names, but something like "down" is really abstract. They don't understand that shit at all.

      The only reason it seems like they understand it is that they understand "down" means "I'm mad at you," and they separately have figured out you get mad when they're on the counter. So if both these things are happening, they're likely to take evasive actions.

      They probably all know that when you pat your lap you want them to cuddle. It might not be a problem of them not understanding, but rather a problem of them understanding all-too-well and simply wanting something else. Some cats consider it poor form to give you emotional support on request, and you'll just to wait until they're ready. (or learn to act stand-offish enough to entice their cooperation)

      One thing that can help is to learn a little cat; turn your head so that it is about 45deg from the cat, blink once slowly, exaggerated. Look around the room. Repeat one time. (only) This means, "Hey, I'm sitting here thinking about you, you have my permission to hang out. But I'm not asking, I'm just sitting here stationary by myself, mostly doing my own thing." Cats appreciate it if you can share this type of communication with them sometimes. Unfortunately, most humans aren't really smart enough.

    5. Re:Sigh. by kbahey · · Score: 2

      I can confirm almost everything you said.

      We have a cat, regular short hair domestic tabby, almost 9 years old now. Came to us when he was 5 or so months old. He has always been odd: very scared of loud sounds, and when the door bell rings, he runs away, often watching from a perch. The possible reason is that we were told he spend some time (before he came to us) in a dog shelter and the continuous barking probably permanently traumatized him. He also does not like to be lifted up, or placed on laps at all. Like most cats, he does things on his own terms. He approaches to be petted (but not carried) and gets his dose in only 5 or 10 seconds. This is usually in the morning, or after he wakes up from naps.

      He responds to the sound of the food tin being opened, or dry food being rattled. He knows these are signs of food being served. He only comes to you when you make a scratching or grinding sound (innate genes on rodents munching). He likes to chase the laser dot.

      Unintentionally, he responds in a specific way to his name being called 3 times in quick succession. When I do it, he runs to the window, since it means there is a critter there (squirrels, chipmunks, birds). If they are close, he will pounce on them (never learned that glass is a barrier, though he rests his paws against it). But that is not recognizing his name.

      A family member often boards another cat which is half Persian, and his demeanor and behaviour is very different. He does not know to pull doors open like the tabby one. He has to go up on hind quarters and put his weight with the front paws on the door. Does not work on both sides of the door. He is not scared when the door bell rings. On the contrary, he will run to the door to see who is coming. He is more cuddly and tolerant to handling than the other one.

      I saw a documentary on 19th century agriculture in the UK. The farmer said that he called one cow a name with one syllable, and the other one a name with two syllables, since cows do not recognize the names, but will know which one has a two syllable 'call' and which is just one.

  6. As any cat owner can tell you... by PortHaven · · Score: 2

    ALL cats recognize their name. Whether they give a damn about you calling them is entirely another thing.

  7. Duh by markdavis · · Score: 2

    >"Cats Can Recognize Their Own Names, Study Suggests"

    Wow. I thought everyone knew this- at least anyone that has a cat (and bothers to interact with them regularly). What next? A study that says when a cat squints (slow blinks) at you or purrs it is happy? (Duh)

    Cats are quite smart, fun, affectionate, and entertaining. They are just not slaves that hinge their entire self-worth on their owners... and that is one of the best things about them.

  8. Re:Well duh. by stealth_finger · · Score: 2

    But we are NOT special. And that is OK.

    Like it or not we are special. Look around, other animals might communicate and build nests but none in any thing like the way we have and it essentially comes down to flappy lips and opposable thumbs.

    This world wasn't made for us but we have made it our own for better or worse.

    --
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  9. Re:Cats are pretty stupid, by Freischutz · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Re:Cats are pretty stupid, so that is quite an achievement. But they recognize the names only when you bring them food. And then they recognize any name as theirs.

    Why do you consider cats stupid? Because you can't teach them tricks like a dog? In actual facts dogs are stupid because they will do cheap tricks for food out of greed. Cats could learn do those tricks too but because a cat is a very smart and cerebral creature it just can't be bothered with such simplistic food/reward teaching methods. You are mistaking that for stupidity.

  10. In related news... by Hallux-F-Sinister · · Score: 2

    Cats Can Recognize Their Own Names, Study Suggests

    Cat aficionados who fancy themselves "scientists" are unable to recognize instances of operant conditioning when they see them.

    For these cats, the sequence of sounds we humans call "their names" end up being followed by feeding, treats, petting, scritch-scratching, and warm, luxurious laps in which to relax and unwind from a stressful day of napping in the sunshine and occasionally trying to catch their arch-nemesis, that stupid glowing red dot... all good and pleasant things. Naturally, being living organisms, cats tend to gravitate towards that which is pleasant, and avoid that which is not. Having the collection of sounds that they hear right before something nice happens resulting in them tending to come to expect the same or similar when it happens again is just operant conditioning.

    I propose a study to investigate the correlation between so-called scientists attributing to cats properties they may or may not have, with toxoplasmosis infection. If the parasite can make rats think cat piss smells good, it stands to reason that it might well result in "researchers" conducting "studies" concluding that cats are in various ways smarter or better than previously believed.

    --
    Our reign has gone on long enough. Indeed. Summon the meteors.
    1. Re:In related news... by DRJlaw · · Score: 2

      Cat aficionados who fancy themselves "scientists" are unable to recognize instances of operant conditioning when they see them.

      For these cats, the sequence of sounds we humans call "their names" end up being followed by feeding, treats, petting, scritch-scratching, and warm, luxurious laps in which to relax and unwind from a stressful day of napping in the sunshine and occasionally trying to catch their arch-nemesis, that stupid glowing red dot... all good and pleasant things. Naturally, being living organisms, cats tend to gravitate towards that which is pleasant, and avoid that which is not. Having the collection of sounds that they hear right before something nice happens resulting in them tending to come to expect the same or similar when it happens again is just operant conditioning.

      Now the fun part is where you consider the process by which you learned own name to have been different.

  11. Of course they do by WCMI92 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As anyone who has been owned by cats knows.

    --
    Corporatism != Free Market
  12. Ironic. Crazy cat ladies knew more than science by ron_ivi · · Score: 2
    Kinda ironic that crazy cat ladies knew more than scientists.

    I knew this as 6 year old kid.

    Why is this considered worthy of a study?

  13. Re:Well duh-I'm special. by tehcyder · · Score: 2

    Except we're not the only one's with opposable thumbs so it can't be that. And African gray parrots certainly can do the talky, talky just fine so it's not that either.

    It's a combination of those things plus being bipedal.

    Our three advantages are opposable thumbs, flappy lips, bipedality and an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope.

    --
    To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
  14. Re:Well duh-I'm special. by Dragonslicer · · Score: 2

    Except we're not the only one's with opposable thumbs so it can't be that. And African gray parrots certainly can do the talky, talky just fine so it's not that either.

    It's a combination of those things plus being bipedal.

    Our three advantages are opposable thumbs, flappy lips, bipedality and an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope.

    Hold on, I'll leave and come back in.

    Good thing we have opposable thumbs to open the door, huh?

  15. Re:What did hte *cats* conclude from this experime by BrianMarshall · · Score: 2

    The mice won't allow it.

    --
    "When the going gets weird, the weird turn pro" -- HST