I think he is talking about intuitive thinking. Your brain knows the answer without conscious thought.
I used to have a problem with it when I was in school. I would know the answer to a problem but I couldn't explain to the teacher the process by which I derived the answer.
The problem with the writeup is that the atmosphere is relatively opaque to x-rays and gamma rays. They don't travel far before being scattered and absorbed. The energy is absorbed and reemitted at lower wavelengths.
In the real world there are limits. Higher data rates require more power for the transmitter. There are a finite number of ground and space based tracking stations. Terrestrial data links have finite bandwidth. Bandwidth and tracking/receiving systems cost serious money. The people needed to operate and maintain this stuff cost money.
The advantage of the BSD scheme is that even if the box gets rooted there are files that even root can't mess with. They get locked down after the system is switched into multiuser mode.
The only way to modify/delete the files is to reboot the system.
It might help if Microsoft took an idea from BSD and made it possible to write-protect critical system files. That way, even if Joe PornMonger downloads worms and viruses while logged in as Administrator, the software would not be able to corrupt the operating system.
I would also add a digital signature check to the bootstrap process, so that critical operating system code wouldn't be loaded unless it was signed by Microsoft.
Depleted uranium is almost useless for a dirty bomb. With a half-life of almost 5 billion years, you are more at risk from a chunk of the bomb falling on your head than the radioactivity released by the bomb.
pu239 has a half-life of 24,100 years. It would take 350 years for 1% of the pu239 to decay, which would be unlikely to affect the yield of the weapon by a significant amount. Maybe you are thinking of tritium, which is commonly used to boost fission devices.
Both uranium (u235) and plutonium (pu239) can be used to build nuclear weapons. Both can be used in implosion designs. The reason that plutonium is not used in gun designs is because the combination of slow assembly time and a high background level of neutron emission makes it likely that the device will prematurely detonate, or fizzle, with a low yield before assembly is complete.
They do worry about such things. Systems and containers have to be designed so that you can't have an accidental critical mass, like what happened in Japan back in 1999, when mixing a batch of fuel for the reactor, killing two of the workers involved.
From some of the stories that I've read about the Manhattan Project, plutonium was a real bastard to work with. Besides being radioactive and chemically toxic, it loves oxygen and will corrode or catch fire if not kept in an dry inert atmosphere. Then there is the matter of its six phases, which must make for many problems in machining or casting the material.
The revolutionary part of TCP/IP was the idea of the catenet (concatenated networks). This allowed IP to run on top of all of the proprietary networks that existed
Power and control. Microsoft has shown that it is willing to give up short-term profits in order to dominate a market. They only start turning the screws after the competition has been destroyed.
You might start with the IBM ES/9000 series, which was the last of the ECL mainframes. See Fault-tolerance design of the IBM Enterprise System/9000 Type 9021 processors. Later systems were based on CMOS microprocessor technology. See here for an issue of the IBM Journal of R & D devoted to the IBM S/390 Server G5/G6 systems. Automated failure analysis has been an important feature of IBM's large systems for many years. IBM has a great amount of information on their web sites.
That depends on how the data is encoded. ATSC (USA OTA HDTV) fits 19 Mbps in a 6 MHz television channel. Digital cable can support 39 Mbps in a 6 MHz television channel.
The article is largely true. I've experienced enough corporate mergers and takeovers to have taken note of the speed of which all references to the "loser" disappear. It reminds me of the practice in the Soviet Union of retouching photographs and amending history books when someone important fell out of favor and was "disappeared".
IBM did this in some of their large computers. They could detect errors in instruction execution and retry the instructions. It involved adding check-bits to operands and testing the results for certain properties This was one of those computers that could detect flakey hardware and automatically call IBM field service to schedule a service call to replace the bad boards.
You need to use an error-correcting code that has a Hamming distance between code words that is great enough to allow for the correction of N bit errors. You need a Hamming distance of 2N+1 for N bits of error correction.
For any word processor, there will always be questions like "how do I do X?", where X isn't in the manual or obvious. Which brings up the question of manuals. I recently upgraded to Office 2004. I got a pretty box and a CD. No manuals, paper or electronic, were included. I can't remember the last time that Microsoft provided manuals with Office.
I've seen Word fail on occasion, things like crashing, corrupted output files that can't be read the next time you need to edit the file, formatting that disappears or goes berserk. I've read many horror stories from people who try to use it for large and complex documents. Then there are the people who use OLE and VBA to automate processes.
An inertial navigation system would be an obvious fix to the limited availability of GPS. When GPS fixes are available, they can be used to zero the drift on the inertial platform. What's the going price for a complete inertial navigation system these days? Today we have laser ring gyros and micro-machined accelerometers, which should cut the cost. If they can install them on commercial aircraft, they should be able to put one on a train.
How about MIPS or transactions per second? Rate the system based on its performance doing the specified task. Define a reference system and scale prices based on how the customer's system compares to the reference system.
I have no personal knowledge of the situation at Los Alamos, but the report doesn't surprise me. Security is only taken seriously when there are regular inspections and audits. Too many people will become complacent and let things slide if there is no mechanism to detect and correct problems. Good security slows things down and costs money, which makes it easy to rationalize cutting corners. Management often views it as a waste of their budget dollars.
One solution is to push new technology that makes your old products obsolete. Does Word 6.0 support UniCode? Does it support HTML and XML? There are a lot of computers out there that are still running NT 4.0. It works fine except if you need support for USB. If IPV6 ever gets widely adopted, it will force people to upgrade their software.
Microsoft has the money and people needed to invent, develop and market new technologies. They have to provide their customers with compelling reasons to upgrade.
Look at a map. Look at the location of the DMZ. Look at the location of Seoul. North Korea has a massive military presence just north of the DMZ. Whatever happens, Seoul is in deep shit. Just the fallout from your theoretical preemptive nuclear attack would cause mass casualties in South Korea.
Considering the United States fought a major war on the Korean peninsula under the auspices of the UN, and still has a substantial number of military forces in South Korea, North Korea having nukes is a serious matter for South Korea and the United States.
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I used to have a problem with it when I was in school. I would know the answer to a problem but I couldn't explain to the teacher the process by which I derived the answer.
The problem with the writeup is that the atmosphere is relatively opaque to x-rays and gamma rays. They don't travel far before being scattered and absorbed. The energy is absorbed and reemitted at lower wavelengths.
In the real world there are limits. Higher data rates require more power for the transmitter. There are a finite number of ground and space based tracking stations. Terrestrial data links have finite bandwidth. Bandwidth and tracking/receiving systems cost serious money. The people needed to operate and maintain this stuff cost money.
The advantage of the BSD scheme is that even if the box gets rooted there are files that even root can't mess with. They get locked down after the system is switched into multiuser mode. The only way to modify/delete the files is to reboot the system.
I would also add a digital signature check to the bootstrap process, so that critical operating system code wouldn't be loaded unless it was signed by Microsoft.
Depleted uranium is almost useless for a dirty bomb. With a half-life of almost 5 billion years, you are more at risk from a chunk of the bomb falling on your head than the radioactivity released by the bomb.
Both uranium (u235) and plutonium (pu239) can be used to build nuclear weapons. Both can be used in implosion designs. The reason that plutonium is not used in gun designs is because the combination of slow assembly time and a high background level of neutron emission makes it likely that the device will prematurely detonate, or fizzle, with a low yield before assembly is complete.
They do worry about such things. Systems and containers have to be designed so that you can't have an accidental critical mass, like what happened in Japan back in 1999, when mixing a batch of fuel for the reactor, killing two of the workers involved.
From some of the stories that I've read about the Manhattan Project, plutonium was a real bastard to work with. Besides being radioactive and chemically toxic, it loves oxygen and will corrode or catch fire if not kept in an dry inert atmosphere. Then there is the matter of its six phases, which must make for many problems in machining or casting the material.
The revolutionary part of TCP/IP was the idea of the catenet (concatenated networks). This allowed IP to run on top of all of the proprietary networks that existed
Power and control. Microsoft has shown that it is willing to give up short-term profits in order to dominate a market. They only start turning the screws after the competition has been destroyed.
You might start with the IBM ES/9000 series, which was the last of the ECL mainframes. See Fault-tolerance design of the IBM Enterprise System/9000 Type 9021 processors. Later systems were based on CMOS microprocessor technology. See here for an issue of the IBM Journal of R & D devoted to the IBM S/390 Server G5/G6 systems. Automated failure analysis has been an important feature of IBM's large systems for many years. IBM has a great amount of information on their web sites.
That depends on how the data is encoded. ATSC (USA OTA HDTV) fits 19 Mbps in a 6 MHz television channel. Digital cable can support 39 Mbps in a 6 MHz television channel.
The article is largely true. I've experienced enough corporate mergers and takeovers to have taken note of the speed of which all references to the "loser" disappear. It reminds me of the practice in the Soviet Union of retouching photographs and amending history books when someone important fell out of favor and was "disappeared".
IBM did this in some of their large computers. They could detect errors in instruction execution and retry the instructions. It involved adding check-bits to operands and testing the results for certain properties This was one of those computers that could detect flakey hardware and automatically call IBM field service to schedule a service call to replace the bad boards.
You need to use an error-correcting code that has a Hamming distance between code words that is great enough to allow for the correction of N bit errors. You need a Hamming distance of 2N+1 for N bits of error correction.
For any word processor, there will always be questions like "how do I do X?", where X isn't in the manual or obvious. Which brings up the question of manuals. I recently upgraded to Office 2004. I got a pretty box and a CD. No manuals, paper or electronic, were included. I can't remember the last time that Microsoft provided manuals with Office.
I've seen Word fail on occasion, things like crashing, corrupted output files that can't be read the next time you need to edit the file, formatting that disappears or goes berserk. I've read many horror stories from people who try to use it for large and complex documents. Then there are the people who use OLE and VBA to automate processes.
An inertial navigation system would be an obvious fix to the limited availability of GPS. When GPS fixes are available, they can be used to zero the drift on the inertial platform. What's the going price for a complete inertial navigation system these days? Today we have laser ring gyros and micro-machined accelerometers, which should cut the cost. If they can install them on commercial aircraft, they should be able to put one on a train.
How about MIPS or transactions per second? Rate the system based on its performance doing the specified task. Define a reference system and scale prices based on how the customer's system compares to the reference system.
I have no personal knowledge of the situation at Los Alamos, but the report doesn't surprise me. Security is only taken seriously when there are regular inspections and audits. Too many people will become complacent and let things slide if there is no mechanism to detect and correct problems. Good security slows things down and costs money, which makes it easy to rationalize cutting corners. Management often views it as a waste of their budget dollars.
Microsoft has the money and people needed to invent, develop and market new technologies. They have to provide their customers with compelling reasons to upgrade.
Look at a map. Look at the location of the DMZ. Look at the location of Seoul. North Korea has a massive military presence just north of the DMZ. Whatever happens, Seoul is in deep shit. Just the fallout from your theoretical preemptive nuclear attack would cause mass casualties in South Korea.
They wouldn't have been in this situation if not for their decision to invade Kuwait.
Considering the United States fought a major war on the Korean peninsula under the auspices of the UN, and still has a substantial number of military forces in South Korea, North Korea having nukes is a serious matter for South Korea and the United States.