First off, utility companies generally charge a higher rate for business/industrial power than they do for residential power; so even if all things were equal, they'd still be paying more per KW/H than you.
Actually you that is backwards. Residential power is usually more expensive. Think of it as buying in volume. Additionally, some businesses and many industrial power users negotiate lower rates with the stipulation that in case of a certain stage of power consumption/power shortage, their power will be cut. Many large power consumers, such as automotive plants own their own transformers and receive power directly from the wholesaler (say, TVA) rather than the local distributor.
I'm not sure if the newer USB Sun keyboards work 100% on a PC. Older Sun keyboards use a Sun keyboard connector that is similar to ADB. I have adapters that allow a PS/2 keybaord to be used on a Sun box. Supposedly they work the other way too but I've never tried it. Search for Belkin Sun Adapter (part F1D082).
VMX - Much of Apple's current power comes from the AltiVec/VMX/Velocity Engine available on the G4 & G5 processors. It is what offers Apple serious performance benefits in certain applications, and makes possible many of the near/realtime capbilities in programs like iPhoto, iMovie, and even Final Cut Pro. Unless Intel tacks on a VMX unit, I don't see Apple switching.
Intel would probably offer optimization help to offset this concern. This would likely range from offering Intel compilers to teaching their developers how to hand-code optimizations using MMX/SSE/SSE2 and other architectural advantages unique to their processors. It wouldn't be a one-to-one comparison with the Velocity Engine, but it could offset the cost of switching and be part of the overall formula.
GCC 3.0 was included in RedHat 7.2 but GCC 2.9.6 was the system compiler. That was some time in early 2001. In September 2002, RedHat 8.0 was released with GCC 3.2 as the system compiler. As far as I know, it was around that time that SuSE switched to 3.2 as well.
Certainly almost all of the energy is being converted to heat. However, if you have a heat pump, the energy savings aren't 1:1 because the heat pump puts more heat energy in to your home than the grid puts in to the heat pump. If you are in a location where you need heat most of the year, however, you must likely use a fossil fuel heating system (unless you have geothermal heat).
I would have to say the breaking point was when major distributions began using it. There were some bumps in the road and binary compatability issues initially. However, making GCC 3.x the default compiler signalled stable kernels and system libraries could be compiled with GCC 3.x. Widespread adoption led to more improvements, especially with code that would not compile with anything >2.9.5.
I quit using MAPS years ago because it was no longer effective, especially for business use. Their solution to one spam from a customer of a large ISP is to block the whole ISP or, if you were lucky, just the whole contiguous IP space that one spam came from. Still, this meant something like a quarter of the Fourtune 500 had mail servers being blocked, which is unacceptable for a business-to-business email server. Worse, it rarely blocked much spam.
In fact, I just searched the MAPS RBL for the last ten spams rejected by my mail server and only two of the hosts were listed in the MAPS RBL.
The term "raw" refers to the fact that the data is straight off of the camera sensor. The encrypted data contains the white balance settings that tell a program how to interperate the single color pixel information to interpolate it in to an RGB (or possibly CYMK) image.
I suppose you would realize some fuel savings from driving with your headlights off...
Haha I didn't even think of that. Well maybe you would. I think the savings would be very tiny, if any at all when most cars come with daytime running lamps that use almost a much power, minus fender, tail, and instrument lights. The difference in power usage is probably well within the amount of energy the alternator wastes on a fully charged battery with low electrical load (i.e. no defrosters and heated seats running).
The estimated savings per watt of electrical consumption are around 0.005mpg. Weight savings would be more efficient at roughly 2% consumption reduction per 100lbs of weight saings.
When time "falls back" most people are driving home from work in dark for the first time in half a year. In Nashville, at least, this means morons in dark cars driving around with no headlights wondering why people keep flashing their lights, cutting them off, or pulling in front of them. On the first day after the end of DST the city is always gridlocked from about 4 to 7PM.
Although I would enjoy not having to drive home in the dark, it hardly seems worth it from an energy standpoint. If you consider the savings over the year it is only 0.008%. On the other hand, I read that increasing fleet gas mileage just 3 mpg would save the U.S. about 1 million barrels of oil, or 5%, a day all year round.
Also worth noting is that most of the energy savings from changing DST are from electricity generation. The quoted figures are equivalent to 10,000 barrels of oil per day. Most of our energy is generated from coal (50.0%), nuclear (19.9%), and hydroelectric (6.6%). Only 17.7% comes from natural gas and 3.0% from petroleum.*
Coal energy costs are largely driven by petroleum energy costs as the two have independent supplies but are alternatives to each other. Burning coal still produces CO2 and other harmful emissions, but smaller petroleum powerplants, mainly cars and trucks, produce more harmful pollution per energy consumption. So reducing fleet fuel consumption and encouraging flex time and public transportation use will have a greater effect on both the environment and energy costs.
Ahh yes, that's right.,. 7 is for office furniture. The assets I was thinking of that are over 5 years old and still on the books were acquired from a subsidiary.
Five years is still too long when I try to dispose of equipment. Luckily that means there is often a financial advantage to donating so I've been able to donate dozens of computers to schools and nonprofits.
Unfortunately the depreciation schedule, which varies by location, is often longer than the useful life in the U.S. For software it is often 5 years and for hardware 7 years. The last data I saw was that the average usable lifespan of corporate computers was 4.1 years.
No, it doesn't - at least not in the way you're implying. The only "two-way" part about SMTP is that the client must wait for acknowledgement from the server.
So we agree then, right? Good. Two way communication is required.
And what if it's not actually coming from an SMTP server?
Well, it doesn't necessarily have to be an SMTP server, but can also be an SMTP client. The word server shouldn't have been in that sentence.
And what if it's not actually coming from an SMTP server? What if (like 90% of the spam right now) it's coming from a trojaned spam-zombie that's *not* running an SMTPd? Seems pretty useless to me.
I mostly agree. SMTP servers require two-way communication, and a spam bot is not going to care what comes back, and in fact will probably ignore all incoming connections except on the zombie controlling port. This plan will at best send a packet or packets containing the message back to the originating IP on some port that will most likely refuse any connection. Only by using ICMP or UDP can the software send the same amount of data back to the originating host. The host will ignore that data, so the only effect will be increasing the host's inbound bandwidth consumption.
You missed this important point in my response: If someone uses it before I notice, I am liable for nothing.
What kind of "more evil" can they do? They can't do a thing beyond try to charge as much as they can. Usually automated fraud sensing algorithms detect irregularities in your account well before anything gets maxed out or drained anyway. I had a card stolen online (before you say that is insecure, try mailing cash to pay for goods) and the bank detected it before any transaction was authorized. My liability: $0. Criminal's net gain: $0. I guess they could use your credit card to pick non-deadbolted locks, but they could use any card for that.
SMTP requires two-way communication, so spoofing is nearly impossible. As mentioned in the article, this isn't a system of returning mail to the From email address, as everyone knows that is forged nearly 100% of the time in spam. It is returning the message to the SMTP server it arrived from. If spam is coming from your IP, you either have an exploited host or open relay.
The fraud will exist anyway. The whole credit card system is incredibly insecure. If you want to combat credit card fraud do the right thing.. use cash. It is far more secure.
So someone steels my $200 cash. So do you write down the serial numbers every time you get cash? Would doing so help? Only if it were many thousands of dollars. If someone steals my cash then I cannot do anything about it. It is nearly impossible to prove exactly how much they took even if you do catch the thief. If someone steals my credit card, I can cancel it in minutes. If someone tries to use it, the merchant will be notified that it is a stolen card. If someone uses it before I notice, I am liable for nothing (ironically, only if the back of the card was signed). Aside from anonymity, cash is not secure at all.
Saying that the G5 is not designed to benefit from pipelining is misleading.
Sorry, I was trying to avoid flaming by saying Intel's Pentium IV needed HT to keep it's pipelines full and instead it looked like I flamed the G5. Your description is more more graceful.
Would two dual-core CPUs be considered 4 discrete processors by the OS? It seems to me that 4-processor support in OSX probably means two physical dual-core CPUs
One CPU is always one CPU. A dual core die is two CPUs both in software in hardware. In this context, a CPU is a processor is a core. So they are talking about discovering the ability of the software to handle four processors. That could mean a single quade-core (unlikely), two dual-core CPUs, or four CPUs on four dies (also unlikely).
When you mix hyperthreading in, that gets tricky because then it is a single CPU represented as two CPUs to the OS. The pipeline of a G5 is not designed in a way that would benefit much from hyperthreading, so that will probably be left to Pentium IV processors for now.
If they meant per square foot, that is still too high, since that would be roughly 1.3kW/m^2. Perhaps they meant 120mW / in^2? That would come to around 186W / m^2, which seems to be more closer to the claimed 12% efficiency, though still greater than 12%.
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First off, utility companies generally charge a higher rate for business/industrial power than they do for residential power; so even if all things were equal, they'd still be paying more per KW/H than you.
Actually you that is backwards. Residential power is usually more expensive. Think of it as buying in volume. Additionally, some businesses and many industrial power users negotiate lower rates with the stipulation that in case of a certain stage of power consumption/power shortage, their power will be cut. Many large power consumers, such as automotive plants own their own transformers and receive power directly from the wholesaler (say, TVA) rather than the local distributor.
For example, compare rates for my area:
Business
Residential
I'm not sure if the newer USB Sun keyboards work 100% on a PC. Older Sun keyboards use a Sun keyboard connector that is similar to ADB. I have adapters that allow a PS/2 keybaord to be used on a Sun box. Supposedly they work the other way too but I've never tried it. Search for Belkin Sun Adapter (part F1D082).
VMX - Much of Apple's current power comes from the AltiVec/VMX/Velocity Engine available on the G4 & G5 processors. It is what offers Apple serious performance benefits in certain applications, and makes possible many of the near/realtime capbilities in programs like iPhoto, iMovie, and even Final Cut Pro. Unless Intel tacks on a VMX unit, I don't see Apple switching.
Intel would probably offer optimization help to offset this concern. This would likely range from offering Intel compilers to teaching their developers how to hand-code optimizations using MMX/SSE/SSE2 and other architectural advantages unique to their processors. It wouldn't be a one-to-one comparison with the Velocity Engine, but it could offset the cost of switching and be part of the overall formula.
GCC 3.0 was included in RedHat 7.2 but GCC 2.9.6 was the system compiler. That was some time in early 2001. In September 2002, RedHat 8.0 was released with GCC 3.2 as the system compiler. As far as I know, it was around that time that SuSE switched to 3.2 as well.
Certainly almost all of the energy is being converted to heat. However, if you have a heat pump, the energy savings aren't 1:1 because the heat pump puts more heat energy in to your home than the grid puts in to the heat pump. If you are in a location where you need heat most of the year, however, you must likely use a fossil fuel heating system (unless you have geothermal heat).
I would have to say the breaking point was when major distributions began using it. There were some bumps in the road and binary compatability issues initially. However, making GCC 3.x the default compiler signalled stable kernels and system libraries could be compiled with GCC 3.x. Widespread adoption led to more improvements, especially with code that would not compile with anything >2.9.5.
I quit using MAPS years ago because it was no longer effective, especially for business use. Their solution to one spam from a customer of a large ISP is to block the whole ISP or, if you were lucky, just the whole contiguous IP space that one spam came from. Still, this meant something like a quarter of the Fourtune 500 had mail servers being blocked, which is unacceptable for a business-to-business email server. Worse, it rarely blocked much spam.
In fact, I just searched the MAPS RBL for the last ten spams rejected by my mail server and only two of the hosts were listed in the MAPS RBL.
It's straight off the A-to-D, the Analog-to-Digital converter
Good point, I should have added the AD converter to the mix, since it is digital information after all.
The term "raw" refers to the fact that the data is straight off of the camera sensor. The encrypted data contains the white balance settings that tell a program how to interperate the single color pixel information to interpolate it in to an RGB (or possibly CYMK) image.
...comes around.
I suppose you would realize some fuel savings from driving with your headlights off...
Haha I didn't even think of that. Well maybe you would. I think the savings would be very tiny, if any at all when most cars come with daytime running lamps that use almost a much power, minus fender, tail, and instrument lights. The difference in power usage is probably well within the amount of energy the alternator wastes on a fully charged battery with low electrical load (i.e. no defrosters and heated seats running).
The estimated savings per watt of electrical consumption are around 0.005mpg. Weight savings would be more efficient at roughly 2% consumption reduction per 100lbs of weight saings.
When time "falls back" most people are driving home from work in dark for the first time in half a year. In Nashville, at least, this means morons in dark cars driving around with no headlights wondering why people keep flashing their lights, cutting them off, or pulling in front of them. On the first day after the end of DST the city is always gridlocked from about 4 to 7PM.
Although I would enjoy not having to drive home in the dark, it hardly seems worth it from an energy standpoint. If you consider the savings over the year it is only 0.008%. On the other hand, I read that increasing fleet gas mileage just 3 mpg would save the U.S. about 1 million barrels of oil, or 5%, a day all year round.
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Also worth noting is that most of the energy savings from changing DST are from electricity generation. The quoted figures are equivalent to 10,000 barrels of oil per day. Most of our energy is generated from coal (50.0%), nuclear (19.9%), and hydroelectric (6.6%). Only 17.7% comes from natural gas and 3.0% from petroleum.*
Coal energy costs are largely driven by petroleum energy costs as the two have independent supplies but are alternatives to each other. Burning coal still produces CO2 and other harmful emissions, but smaller petroleum powerplants, mainly cars and trucks, produce more harmful pollution per energy consumption. So reducing fleet fuel consumption and encouraging flex time and public transportation use will have a greater effect on both the environment and energy costs.
* Source: Department of Energy (http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/epm
Ahh yes, that's right.,. 7 is for office furniture. The assets I was thinking of that are over 5 years old and still on the books were acquired from a subsidiary.
Five years is still too long when I try to dispose of equipment. Luckily that means there is often a financial advantage to donating so I've been able to donate dozens of computers to schools and nonprofits.
Unfortunately the depreciation schedule, which varies by location, is often longer than the useful life in the U.S. For software it is often 5 years and for hardware 7 years. The last data I saw was that the average usable lifespan of corporate computers was 4.1 years.
haha.. yeah, and look at how tiger's endorsement of the Buick Roadmaster made it such a popular product ;)
Just wait until Buick unveils the Apple Special Edition Buick LeSabre. Built-in iPod, OS X based nav system and cute Apple logo trim. Think different!
> SMTP requires two-way communication
No, it doesn't - at least not in the way you're implying. The only "two-way" part about SMTP is that the client must wait for acknowledgement from the server.
So we agree then, right? Good. Two way communication is required.
And what if it's not actually coming from an SMTP server?
Well, it doesn't necessarily have to be an SMTP server, but can also be an SMTP client. The word server shouldn't have been in that sentence.
And what if it's not actually coming from an SMTP server? What if (like 90% of the spam right now) it's coming from a trojaned spam-zombie that's *not* running an SMTPd? Seems pretty useless to me.
I mostly agree. SMTP servers require two-way communication, and a spam bot is not going to care what comes back, and in fact will probably ignore all incoming connections except on the zombie controlling port. This plan will at best send a packet or packets containing the message back to the originating IP on some port that will most likely refuse any connection. Only by using ICMP or UDP can the software send the same amount of data back to the originating host. The host will ignore that data, so the only effect will be increasing the host's inbound bandwidth consumption.
You missed this important point in my response: If someone uses it before I notice, I am liable for nothing.
What kind of "more evil" can they do? They can't do a thing beyond try to charge as much as they can. Usually automated fraud sensing algorithms detect irregularities in your account well before anything gets maxed out or drained anyway. I had a card stolen online (before you say that is insecure, try mailing cash to pay for goods) and the bank detected it before any transaction was authorized. My liability: $0. Criminal's net gain: $0. I guess they could use your credit card to pick non-deadbolted locks, but they could use any card for that.
SMTP requires two-way communication, so spoofing is nearly impossible. As mentioned in the article, this isn't a system of returning mail to the From email address, as everyone knows that is forged nearly 100% of the time in spam. It is returning the message to the SMTP server it arrived from. If spam is coming from your IP, you either have an exploited host or open relay.
I always get my stock advice from Anonymous Cowards on Slashdot.
The fraud will exist anyway. The whole credit card system is incredibly insecure. If you want to combat credit card fraud do the right thing.. use cash. It is far more secure.
So someone steels my $200 cash. So do you write down the serial numbers every time you get cash? Would doing so help? Only if it were many thousands of dollars. If someone steals my cash then I cannot do anything about it. It is nearly impossible to prove exactly how much they took even if you do catch the thief. If someone steals my credit card, I can cancel it in minutes. If someone tries to use it, the merchant will be notified that it is a stolen card. If someone uses it before I notice, I am liable for nothing (ironically, only if the back of the card was signed). Aside from anonymity, cash is not secure at all.
Saying that the G5 is not designed to benefit from pipelining is misleading.
Sorry, I was trying to avoid flaming by saying Intel's Pentium IV needed HT to keep it's pipelines full and instead it looked like I flamed the G5. Your description is more more graceful.
Would two dual-core CPUs be considered 4 discrete processors by the OS? It seems to me that 4-processor support in OSX probably means two physical dual-core CPUs
One CPU is always one CPU. A dual core die is two CPUs both in software in hardware. In this context, a CPU is a processor is a core. So they are talking about discovering the ability of the software to handle four processors. That could mean a single quade-core (unlikely), two dual-core CPUs, or four CPUs on four dies (also unlikely).
When you mix hyperthreading in, that gets tricky because then it is a single CPU represented as two CPUs to the OS. The pipeline of a G5 is not designed in a way that would benefit much from hyperthreading, so that will probably be left to Pentium IV processors for now.
If they meant per square foot, that is still too high, since that would be roughly 1.3kW/m^2. Perhaps they meant 120mW / in^2? That would come to around 186W / m^2, which seems to be more closer to the claimed 12% efficiency, though still greater than 12%.
I agree that the litre is a volume unit, but the grandparent post was trying to define 1 kilogram with a litre of water. Btw, 1 litre is 1000cm3.