Since I install solar for a living I was curious, and I looked into this system a little bit. There are a number of problems here:
* multicrystalline silicon requires more energy to manufacture, out of proportion to the increase in production efficiency * Germany, despite having very generous incentives, is actually about as bad in terms of solar resource potential as Alaska * the modules used should be more efficient than 10%, even considering the semi-translucent design * the balance of system components could be a lot more efficient than 86%: this is an area that has improved considerably in recent years * the expected losses due to shading (15%) seem a little high considering the height of the building * yes, you do take a significant hit installing in a vertical orientation
Add it all up and it makes for a system that should never have gone in. But these types of building integrated designs are worthwhile when done properly.
Typically, the Energy Return on Investment is around 3 or 4 years and it should be no more than about 10 years for an installation like this one.
The EU's Human Brain Project has an estimate of 1000 times the current fastest supercomputer (probably written about a year ago), so maybe around an exaflop.
"Today, simulating a single neuron requires the full power of a laptop computer. But the brain has billions of neurons and simulating all them simultaneously is a huge challenge. To get round this problem, the project will develop novel techniques of multi-level simulation in which only groups of neurons that are highly active are simulated in detail. But even in this way, simulating the complete human brain will require a computer a thousand times more powerful than the most powerful machine available today." (link)
That's 10 doublings, so if Moore's Law holds up this level of capability should be roughly 20 years away. I think it's interesting to note that this also suggests the feature size will halve 5 times to right around 1 nm: atomic scale. My rough understanding is that no matter what you may have heard from semiconductor physicists we are currently pretty clueless as to what, if anything, is going to drive the progress of Moore's Law beyond about 10 nm.
Since both of you seem to be in Hong Kong, how about one of you get hold of one of these and post some better photos. Then we could put this to rest for good.
The photos are so bad it is hard to tell, but I'm leaning toward this story being true. Mainly because of that base-loaded whip antenna. The odd shaped PCB on the left seems to be the actual RFID component (with a battery assist). You can make out what looks like a PCB trace antenna toward the bottom (in sort of a G shape), and, if that's indeed what it is, you have to wonder why this device needs two antennas.
"The growing consensus is that the Milky Way has a central bar with two main arms, called the Perseus Arm, which passes with a few kiloparsecs of the Sun, and the Scutum-Centaurus Arm. (The other arms are now thought to be minor structures made up largely of gas.)"
As a resident of the Orion Spur, I resent that statement.
In the graphic showing the concept for the final vehicle, the train appears to use jet engines. Is this really how you would do it? I thought that jets were pretty much dreadfully inefficient unless operated at altitude.
Sure, I can think of plenty. "Imminent eruption of Yellowstone Caldera is predicted: ash set to spread over large area and disrupt food supplies." "Russia just launched its nukes: remain inside and get your fire extinguishers ready." "Cubs win world series: stay on the lookout for flying pigs." Okay, maybe not that last one.
Besides, I think that is actually the point of having a separate chip. If you use a different channel for these alerts, AND if the system is implemented well, you could have the electric grid and phone networks wiped out and all the cell phones with battery power left will still get the alerts.
This might be true, technically speaking, if storing the information that results from each calculation required work to be done (for instance, you have to do work to change the magnetic moment of the grains in a hard drive platter). But in the CPU this information is just represented with a potential.
"Although there are a multitude of variations in synapses, we have modeled a typical cortical synapse. Action potentials, the signals from other neurons that arrive at the synapses are about a millisecond in duration and about 100 mV in amplitude. Under certain conditions, the synapse responds with an output potential of around 5-10 mV that lasts around 10 ms. Thus the synapse slows and spreads the effect of the action potential, synchronizing its effect with other action potentials, since not all action potentials arriving at the postsynaptic neuron will arrive simultaneously...The resulting postsynaptic potentials produced by many synapses combine to create enough potential (voltage) for the postsynaptic neuron to generate an action potential and fire."
I think the same thing could be achieved with just an RC filter. If I'm following this correctly, the difference here is a "demonstrated variation in synaptic strength, a key neural mechanism associated with memory and learning." Things will really start to get interesting when something like this circuit can be made that is also capable of amplification. That would be a complete artificial neuron.
This is not your typical astrograph. I was able to find out, I think, that the CCDs have a pixel size of 15um, which is a normal figure. But this is at f/1 (!), so that is about 0.9 arcsec/pixel. Not too shabby. Not enough to spot the little green men on Mars, though.
It is an array of "LL" type CCDs made by MIT Lincoln Laboratory. They have a pixel size of 15 um. The imaging circle diameter is anyone's guess, but I bet it's real big. A significant portion of that 3.5m aperture. This thing must have a ridiculously high image resolution, probably in the gigapixels.
Introductory quantum mechanics can be taught at the high-school level.
Really? I took E&M as a college sophomore, and the last couple weeks of the course were an intro to quantum mechanics. It was difficult. Even if you could stretch that couple weeks over a much longer period of time, I doubt that any high school would attempt it.
Feynman wrote that book "QED," which was for a general audience and is sort of an intro to quantum mechanics, but he had to take a very unusual approach in order to pull it off (and of course you don't get to learn any of the math).
I was a math major. As a kid, math was what inspired me. But other kids are inspired by different subjects, less "valuable" subjects, and we have to see this as a benefit rather than a detriment.
"Our only hope for the future is to adopt a new conception of human ecology, one in which we start to reconstitute our conception of the richness of human capacity. Our education system has mined our minds in the way that we strip mine the earth for a particular commodity. And for the future it won't service. We have to rethink the fundamental principles on which we're educating our children... our task is to educate their whole being."
Ken Robinson, from this truly amazing TED talk: http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/ken_robinson_says_schools_kill_creativity.html
The FTC uses the Herfindahl index to evaluate market competitiveness. Using just the top 5 carriers (the big four and Tracfone), the current index is 1810 (market share data from here).
'According to the DOJ-FTC 2010 Horizontal Merger Guidelines, the agencies will regard a market in which the post-merger HHI is below 1500 as "unconcentrated," between 1500 and 2500 as "moderately concentrated," and above 2500 as "highly concentrated." A merger potentially raises "significant competitive concerns" if it produces an increase in the HHI of more than 200 points in a moderately concentrated market or more than 100 points in a highly concentrated market. A merger is presumed "likely to enhance market power" if it produces an increase in the HHI of more than 200 points in a highly concentrated market.'
So by their own definition this merger will raise "significant competitive concerns" since the HHI will increase by 650 points to 2460. With all the other little guys added in, it is fair to say that the final number would be more than 2500, i.e. "highly concentrated."
There are ways to formulate a gravitational potential in 2 dimensions, but I think the idea is that if they existed gravitational waves (actually, all waves) would reverberate when propagating in 2 dimensions, and become distorted.
Huygens' principle does not apply in 2 dimensions. See this link: http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath242/kmath242.htm
Tyler Cowen addresses this in a very interesting way in a short ebook called "The Great Stagnation," and it does have to do with limits on technological progress, although more about the kinds of applications that have arisen since the 70s.
You bring up a very important point in how this is all going to develop in the future, which is Moore's second law. Capital costs to build a fab plant go UP exponentially. We're already at the point where it costs about $10 billion, the GDP of a country like Georgia or Brunei. You have to wonder if it will be earlier than 2020 when we stop building new ones if at that time they will cost more than the GDP of countries like Sweden or Taiwan.
Slashdot Mirror
Hell, there are probably some amateurs with telescopes with bigger mirrors than that
I don't think so. The largest are Newtonians with a primary around 40".
meant to say monocrystalline silicon, actually
Since I install solar for a living I was curious, and I looked into this system a little bit. There are a number of problems here:
* multicrystalline silicon requires more energy to manufacture, out of proportion to the increase in production efficiency
* Germany, despite having very generous incentives, is actually about as bad in terms of solar resource potential as Alaska
* the modules used should be more efficient than 10%, even considering the semi-translucent design
* the balance of system components could be a lot more efficient than 86%: this is an area that has improved considerably in recent years
* the expected losses due to shading (15%) seem a little high considering the height of the building
* yes, you do take a significant hit installing in a vertical orientation
Add it all up and it makes for a system that should never have gone in. But these types of building integrated designs are worthwhile when done properly.
Typically, the Energy Return on Investment is around 3 or 4 years and it should be no more than about 10 years for an installation like this one.
The EU's Human Brain Project has an estimate of 1000 times the current fastest supercomputer (probably written about a year ago), so maybe around an exaflop.
"Today, simulating a single neuron requires the full power of a laptop computer. But the brain has billions of neurons and simulating all them simultaneously is a huge challenge. To get round this problem, the project will develop novel techniques of multi-level simulation in which only groups of neurons that are highly active are simulated in detail. But even in this way, simulating the complete human brain will require a computer a thousand times more powerful than the most powerful machine available today." (link)
That's 10 doublings, so if Moore's Law holds up this level of capability should be roughly 20 years away. I think it's interesting to note that this also suggests the feature size will halve 5 times to right around 1 nm: atomic scale. My rough understanding is that no matter what you may have heard from semiconductor physicists we are currently pretty clueless as to what, if anything, is going to drive the progress of Moore's Law beyond about 10 nm.
I heard a rumor that it actually exploded.
I was lucky to find this with just a little googling. It is a JZ-871 GFSK transceiver module.
http://www.sz-wholesaler.com/p/505/545-2/micro-power-data-rf-module-jz871-171649.html
Since both of you seem to be in Hong Kong, how about one of you get hold of one of these and post some better photos. Then we could put this to rest for good.
The photos are so bad it is hard to tell, but I'm leaning toward this story being true. Mainly because of that base-loaded whip antenna. The odd shaped PCB on the left seems to be the actual RFID component (with a battery assist). You can make out what looks like a PCB trace antenna toward the bottom (in sort of a G shape), and, if that's indeed what it is, you have to wonder why this device needs two antennas.
The Thunderbolt interface is 2 channels at 10 Gb/s, both of which are bidirectional.
It comes with a C compiler, tcc, and vi! What else could you possibly need, right?
"The growing consensus is that the Milky Way has a central bar with two main arms, called the Perseus Arm, which passes with a few kiloparsecs of the Sun, and the Scutum-Centaurus Arm. (The other arms are now thought to be minor structures made up largely of gas.)"
As a resident of the Orion Spur, I resent that statement.
This craft doesn't actually have a sail. It gets blown around by the wind, hopefully for a while before getting stuck on some shoreline.
In the graphic showing the concept for the final vehicle, the train appears to use jet engines. Is this really how you would do it? I thought that jets were pretty much dreadfully inefficient unless operated at altitude.
Sure, I can think of plenty. "Imminent eruption of Yellowstone Caldera is predicted: ash set to spread over large area and disrupt food supplies." "Russia just launched its nukes: remain inside and get your fire extinguishers ready." "Cubs win world series: stay on the lookout for flying pigs." Okay, maybe not that last one.
Besides, I think that is actually the point of having a separate chip. If you use a different channel for these alerts, AND if the system is implemented well, you could have the electric grid and phone networks wiped out and all the cell phones with battery power left will still get the alerts.
This might be true, technically speaking, if storing the information that results from each calculation required work to be done (for instance, you have to do work to change the magnetic moment of the grains in a hard drive platter). But in the CPU this information is just represented with a potential.
"Although there are a multitude of variations in synapses, we have modeled a typical cortical synapse. Action potentials, the signals from other neurons that arrive at the synapses are about a millisecond in duration and about 100 mV in amplitude. Under certain conditions, the synapse responds with an output potential of around 5-10 mV that lasts around 10 ms. Thus the synapse slows and spreads the effect of the action potential, synchronizing its effect with other action potentials, since not all action potentials arriving at the postsynaptic neuron will arrive simultaneously...The resulting postsynaptic potentials produced by many synapses combine to create enough potential (voltage) for the postsynaptic neuron to generate an action potential and fire."
I think the same thing could be achieved with just an RC filter. If I'm following this correctly, the difference here is a "demonstrated variation in synaptic strength, a key neural mechanism associated with memory and learning." Things will really start to get interesting when something like this circuit can be made that is also capable of amplification. That would be a complete artificial neuron.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=5754178
This is not your typical astrograph. I was able to find out, I think, that the CCDs have a pixel size of 15um, which is a normal figure. But this is at f/1 (!), so that is about 0.9 arcsec/pixel. Not too shabby. Not enough to spot the little green men on Mars, though.
It is an array of "LL" type CCDs made by MIT Lincoln Laboratory. They have a pixel size of 15 um. The imaging circle diameter is anyone's guess, but I bet it's real big. A significant portion of that 3.5m aperture. This thing must have a ridiculously high image resolution, probably in the gigapixels.
Introductory quantum mechanics can be taught at the high-school level.
Really? I took E&M as a college sophomore, and the last couple weeks of the course were an intro to quantum mechanics. It was difficult. Even if you could stretch that couple weeks over a much longer period of time, I doubt that any high school would attempt it.
Feynman wrote that book "QED," which was for a general audience and is sort of an intro to quantum mechanics, but he had to take a very unusual approach in order to pull it off (and of course you don't get to learn any of the math).
I was a math major. As a kid, math was what inspired me. But other kids are inspired by different subjects, less "valuable" subjects, and we have to see this as a benefit rather than a detriment.
"Our only hope for the future is to adopt a new conception of human ecology, one in which we start to reconstitute our conception of the richness of human capacity. Our education system has mined our minds in the way that we strip mine the earth for a particular commodity. And for the future it won't service. We have to rethink the fundamental principles on which we're educating our children... our task is to educate their whole being."
Ken Robinson, from this truly amazing TED talk:
http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/ken_robinson_says_schools_kill_creativity.html
The FTC uses the Herfindahl index to evaluate market competitiveness. Using just the top 5 carriers (the big four and Tracfone), the current index is 1810 (market share data from here).
'According to the DOJ-FTC 2010 Horizontal Merger Guidelines, the agencies will regard a market in which the post-merger HHI is below 1500 as "unconcentrated," between 1500 and 2500 as "moderately concentrated," and above 2500 as "highly concentrated." A merger potentially raises "significant competitive concerns" if it produces an increase in the HHI of more than 200 points in a moderately concentrated market or more than 100 points in a highly concentrated market. A merger is presumed "likely to enhance market power" if it produces an increase in the HHI of more than 200 points in a highly concentrated market.'
So by their own definition this merger will raise "significant competitive concerns" since the HHI will increase by 650 points to 2460. With all the other little guys added in, it is fair to say that the final number would be more than 2500, i.e. "highly concentrated."
There are ways to formulate a gravitational potential in 2 dimensions, but I think the idea is that if they existed gravitational waves (actually, all waves) would reverberate when propagating in 2 dimensions, and become distorted. Huygens' principle does not apply in 2 dimensions. See this link: http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath242/kmath242.htm
Tyler Cowen addresses this in a very interesting way in a short ebook called "The Great Stagnation," and it does have to do with limits on technological progress, although more about the kinds of applications that have arisen since the 70s.
You bring up a very important point in how this is all going to develop in the future, which is Moore's second law. Capital costs to build a fab plant go UP exponentially. We're already at the point where it costs about $10 billion, the GDP of a country like Georgia or Brunei. You have to wonder if it will be earlier than 2020 when we stop building new ones if at that time they will cost more than the GDP of countries like Sweden or Taiwan.
Sounds similar to PLA.
This is referred to as the resource curse.