No, I'm talking about Baker vrs Seldon. Selden had written a book "Book-keeping Simplified." that described his book-keeping form. His estate sued Baker who used a very similar form in his book.
The idea–expression divide differentiates between ideas and expression, and states that copyright protects only the original expression of ideas, and not the ideas themselves.
This came about in a court case where someone tried to copyright a book keeping form they invented. They were attempting to get copyright on the form because they failed to get a patent on it. The inventor carefully thought out how the book keeping form should look like. It was not a mere arrangement of facts or information. The courts rejected this argument. They did not want useful inventions covered by copyright when congress intended for them to be covered by patents. In 1975 congress updated the law to match what the Supreme court ruled.
Design patents are the correct form of IP protection for what you described. An API is an invention with utility. It is just like a font. Or a guitar body. Or a lamp shaped like a lady's leg. 14 years is not a long time for protection either.
Not all written works are covered by copyright. For example, most of the content in dictionaries and phone books are not covered by copyright. EFF is arguing that an API is more like a phone book than it is like Harry Potter.
All kinds of things fall outside copyright protection. For example fashion can not be copyrighted. Nor can recipe's for food. Short catchy phrases can not be copyrighted. The idea behind a joke can not by copyrighted. Fonts are free of copyright. Most of these exceptions exist because congress and the courts wanted smaller government. People all over the country made their own cloths. Copyright on fashion would be a large intrusion by the government in an everyday activity. Most families cooked their own meals. Enforcing copyright on food would require a massive intrusion on privacy. Copyrights on fonts were a threat to the freedom of speech. API should not be copyrighted because API are a form of language. People should be free to communicate with their machines and with their software. Once I learn the grammar and phrases of an API I should not be forced to work with a company for 150 years.
Patents are why API's can not be copyrighted. API's are an invention not a literary work. Patents only last 20 years and must be novel to get protection. Java could not get patents on most of its interface because it was derivative of earlier languages.
It also doesn't work when you start talking about cells in your body. Sure they reproduce and mutations can occur. But most of your cells don't participate in evolution at all. Their mutations don't pass on to your offspring.
Of course dogs are more natural than robots. They are more natural than alot of human creations. They are less natural than wolves. I don't want to discus if ghosts are alive.
existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.
Dogs and GMO crops are artificial lifeforms. They were caused by humankind. If humans did not exists then dogs would not exist. Humans don't create anything from scratch. We always create using a mix of natural and artificial parts. Everything we create is artificial by definition.
Definition of artificial:
made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally, typically as a copy of something natural
Definition of supernatural
(of a manifestation or event) attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature.
Your deffinition would exclude tissue and organs. The skin on my arm is alive. How my skin reproduces does not effect its evolution. Only the sperm and egg cells experiance evolution.
Individuals don't evovle. Life is a property that individuals have. There are lots of organisms that attempt to reproduce perfectly. The individuals are alive. Most of the individuals reproduce perfectly.
Your going about your definition backwards. Your defining life by adding requirments till the list only matches terrestrial life. You could just as easly add DNA as a requirment. That would also rule out chemical reactions like fire.
It is not just math. I found the same thing when I tried to find out what augmented meant when I was learning guitar.
Western music and music theory, the word augmentation (from Late Latin augmentare, to increase) has three distinct meanings. Augmentation is a compositional device where a melody, theme or motif is presented in longer note-values than were previously used. Augmentation is also the term for the proportional lengthening of the value of individual note-shapes in older notation by coloration, by use of a sign of proportion, or by a notational symbol such as the modern dot. A major or perfect interval that is widened by a chromatic semitone is an augmented interval, and the process may be called augmentation.
wah??? you click links and it gets worse and worse.
The college is involved in approving the loan. Lenders have a responciblity to only lend money to people they expect will pay them back. Lending in bad faith defrauds the goverment and destroys wealth.
Your confusing the purpose of federal student loans with the purpose of a university. Lenders are suppose to give loans with a good faith expectation that the loan will be repaid. If schools are lending money out that can't be repaid by students then they should be cut off from federal support. Students can still attend those schools. They just will have to do it with their own money.
You, however, continue in the things you have learned and become convinced of, knowing from whom you have learned them, and that from childhood you have known the sacred writings which are able to give you the wisdom that leads to salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness
At some level you need to decide if the Book of Mormon is scripture. You need to decide if the New Testiment is scripture. Or you can read it litterally and decide all text is inspired by God... even slashdot posts. Or you could read it more litterally and decide that only the sacred texts that were read by the literal person Timothy was writing too count.
Public housing resulted because of building standards. If you outlaw the homes that people live in and tear them down. You have to provide something in return or your going to have riots. Housing riots have resulted in goverements being toppled.
Or they could increase it's value by making search also add free for subscribers. A subscribtion would remove ads from all Google products. Search, Google Plus, and GMail. No adds and no data collection for subscribers.
Instead of selling this directly to customers they should work out deals with existing subscription services. Subscribe to Netflix and Youtube is add free. Subscribe to Hulu Plus and Youtube is add free. They would get less money per subscriber but have alot more subscribers.
I think he is arguing agaisnt viewing God as someone like Zues. A humanish being with magical powers. I don't think he is trying to say God can't perform miracles. Though it comes off like that.
Slashdot Mirror
No, I'm talking about Baker vrs Seldon. Selden had written a book "Book-keeping Simplified." that described his book-keeping form. His estate sued Baker who used a very similar form in his book.
The idea–expression divide differentiates between ideas and expression, and states that copyright protects only the original expression of ideas, and not the ideas themselves.
This came about in a court case where someone tried to copyright a book keeping form they invented. They were attempting to get copyright on the form because they failed to get a patent on it. The inventor carefully thought out how the book keeping form should look like. It was not a mere arrangement of facts or information. The courts rejected this argument. They did not want useful inventions covered by copyright when congress intended for them to be covered by patents. In 1975 congress updated the law to match what the Supreme court ruled.
Design patents are the correct form of IP protection for what you described. An API is an invention with utility. It is just like a font. Or a guitar body. Or a lamp shaped like a lady's leg. 14 years is not a long time for protection either.
Not all written works are covered by copyright. For example, most of the content in dictionaries and phone books are not covered by copyright. EFF is arguing that an API is more like a phone book than it is like Harry Potter.
All kinds of things fall outside copyright protection. For example fashion can not be copyrighted. Nor can recipe's for food. Short catchy phrases can not be copyrighted. The idea behind a joke can not by copyrighted. Fonts are free of copyright. Most of these exceptions exist because congress and the courts wanted smaller government. People all over the country made their own cloths. Copyright on fashion would be a large intrusion by the government in an everyday activity. Most families cooked their own meals. Enforcing copyright on food would require a massive intrusion on privacy. Copyrights on fonts were a threat to the freedom of speech. API should not be copyrighted because API are a form of language. People should be free to communicate with their machines and with their software. Once I learn the grammar and phrases of an API I should not be forced to work with a company for 150 years.
Patents are why API's can not be copyrighted. API's are an invention not a literary work. Patents only last 20 years and must be novel to get protection. Java could not get patents on most of its interface because it was derivative of earlier languages.
Put a password on the interface and protect your research with patents like everyone else.
It also doesn't work when you start talking about cells in your body. Sure they reproduce and mutations can occur. But most of your cells don't participate in evolution at all. Their mutations don't pass on to your offspring.
Of course dogs are more natural than robots. They are more natural than alot of human creations. They are less natural than wolves. I don't want to discus if ghosts are alive.
existing in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.
Dogs and GMO crops are artificial lifeforms. They were caused by humankind. If humans did not exists then dogs would not exist. Humans don't create anything from scratch. We always create using a mix of natural and artificial parts. Everything we create is artificial by definition.
Definition of artificial:
made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally, typically as a copy of something natural
Definition of supernatural
(of a manifestation or event) attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature.
Your deffinition would exclude tissue and organs. The skin on my arm is alive. How my skin reproduces does not effect its evolution. Only the sperm and egg cells experiance evolution.
Individuals don't evovle. Life is a property that individuals have. There are lots of organisms that attempt to reproduce perfectly. The individuals are alive. Most of the individuals reproduce perfectly.
why care about "naturally occuring"? Dogs are not naturally occuring. Neither are GMO crops. They are alive.
Your going about your definition backwards. Your defining life by adding requirments till the list only matches terrestrial life. You could just as easly add DNA as a requirment. That would also rule out chemical reactions like fire.
Western music and music theory, the word augmentation (from Late Latin augmentare, to increase) has three distinct meanings. Augmentation is a compositional device where a melody, theme or motif is presented in longer note-values than were previously used. Augmentation is also the term for the proportional lengthening of the value of individual note-shapes in older notation by coloration, by use of a sign of proportion, or by a notational symbol such as the modern dot. A major or perfect interval that is widened by a chromatic semitone is an augmented interval, and the process may be called augmentation.
wah??? you click links and it gets worse and worse.
The puzzlers were very nerdy as well.
The college is involved in approving the loan. Lenders have a responciblity to only lend money to people they expect will pay them back. Lending in bad faith defrauds the goverment and destroys wealth.
Your confusing the purpose of federal student loans with the purpose of a university. Lenders are suppose to give loans with a good faith expectation that the loan will be repaid. If schools are lending money out that can't be repaid by students then they should be cut off from federal support. Students can still attend those schools. They just will have to do it with their own money.
You, however, continue in the things you have learned and become convinced of, knowing from whom you have learned them, and that from childhood you have known the sacred writings which are able to give you the wisdom that leads to salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness
At some level you need to decide if the Book of Mormon is scripture. You need to decide if the New Testiment is scripture. Or you can read it litterally and decide all text is inspired by God... even slashdot posts. Or you could read it more litterally and decide that only the sacred texts that were read by the literal person Timothy was writing too count.
Public housing resulted because of building standards. If you outlaw the homes that people live in and tear them down. You have to provide something in return or your going to have riots. Housing riots have resulted in goverements being toppled.
Exactly, it is a version of the Bible with 5 books.
Or they could increase it's value by making search also add free for subscribers. A subscribtion would remove ads from all Google products. Search, Google Plus, and GMail. No adds and no data collection for subscribers.
Instead of selling this directly to customers they should work out deals with existing subscription services. Subscribe to Netflix and Youtube is add free. Subscribe to Hulu Plus and Youtube is add free. They would get less money per subscriber but have alot more subscribers.
If I pay you to create something why would you own it? If you want to own your copyrights then don't sell them.
I think he is arguing agaisnt viewing God as someone like Zues. A humanish being with magical powers. I don't think he is trying to say God can't perform miracles. Though it comes off like that.