"The problem with climate models is that you only hear
about the ones that give extreme results. There is no news value (or
grant value for that matter) in reporting models that don't give
extreme results."
"Extreme results" is probably an invalidate
assumption. Scientists practice a lot of
self censorship. So much so, that the published IPCC reports are
widely considered to be under estimates of the true effects.
The GW outcomes you haven't heard about
are those which trigger an E.L.E.
that mankind is unlikely to survive. The scientific
consensus is to curb CO2 emissions A.S.A.P.
in order to reduce the probability of triggering an E.L.E.
"It does not take centuries for the CO2 to be absorbed. At
most a little over a decade. Plants absorb CO2 from the Air. Water
vapor condenses. Both gases move into and
out of the atmosphere."
Plant CO2 absorption is function of overall photosynthesis,
(factors, solar flux, moisture, temperature, biology, decay, metabolism of creatures who consume plant material.). Very low overall solar efficiency.. Biomass 0.5% if your lucky, 4x less if consumed by an animal. Since earth's biosphere started out at equilibrium. There
is very little headroom to increase CO2 absorption rapidly.
Figure
2 is a seasonal graph of CO2 increase, peaking each winter and
dropping each summer, total swing ~4ppm. If we stopped adding CO2
today, we would be lucky to observe a 1ppm drop per year.
I wrote.. "Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels
starting tomorrow it would take centuries before earth's atmosphere
reached it's previous equilibrium. " An yes.. it really
does take that long.. That's why we've got to act NOW.
Recently observed spike in the rate of CO2 PPM change indicated
that the earth's biosphere is reaching a saturation point and might
start out gassing stored CO2 in a self re-enforcing feedback.
Increasing probability of triggering an E.L.E. like the one which
occurred during the Permian-Triassic
extinction.
"The
artical you cited talks about a Calthrate gun.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_gun_hypothe
sis [wikipedia.org] This is not a CO2 gun. "
Do you really think your deep state
of denial is going to have any effect on the outcome? The hydrate
deposits are real, once they reach critical temp they'll start out
gassing.
REPEAT.. There are a number of other self re-enforcing GW
feedbacks in Earth's biosphere. If any once one of them kicks in,
humanity is going to have a major problem, dealing with the effects
before the next shoe drops.
Thawing out of frozen tundra and restarting the suspended decay
process, Releasing tens of billion tons of CH4 into atmosphere,
half life 9 years before decaying to C02 and 2*H20.
Thawing out of frozen methane hydrate deposits under ocean
floor. (Trillions of tons of CH4.)
Dissolving of existing calcium carbonate deposits (coral reefs).
Note: Nearly all of Florida is one big coral reef.
And finally, the ultimate re-enforcing feedback Biosphere
KILLER. Photosynthesis reaction ceases once a plant's cell
temperature reaches 104F (40C)!!!!!
"It would be really nice if you started to check your facts!
H2O is a more effective absorber than CO2 is. It is found at
concentrations many many times CO2. H2O will be anywhere from 0% to
over 4%. That is up to 40,000 PPM compared to 370. "
H20 is already at saturation.. IR wise.. adding more h20 will
have minimal effect on GHG effect. I.E. It's already blocking IR
at Figure 2.. wavelengths.
beyond certain thresholds adding a few thousand more ppm will have
minimal net effect.. (It's a diminishing
effect.)
As a consequence increasing CO2 concentrations will trap different
frequencies of IR radiation. Making the earth warmer, which
increases the H20 component as well (both a positive (h20 vapor) and
negative(clouds) feedback).
Water vapor readily condenses out of the atmosphere, (with a half
life measured in days or weeks).. Meanwhile CO2 has a significantly
longer half life in the atmosphere. CO2 was in equilibrium before
mankind started burning all of those buried
fossil fuels. Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels starting
tomorrow it would take centuries before
earth's atmosphere reached it's previous
equilibrium.
Recently observed spike in the rate of CO2 PPM change indicated
that the earth's biosphere is reaching a saturation
point and might start out gassing stored CO2 in a self re-enforcing
feedback. Increasing probability of triggering an ELE like the one
which occurred during the Permian-Triassic
extinction.
There are a number of other self re-enforcing GW feedbacks in
Earth's biosphere.
Thawing out of frozen tundra and restarting the
suspended decay process, Releasing tens of billion tons of CH4
into atmosphere, half life 9 years before decaying to C02 and
2*H20.
Thawing out of frozen methane hydrate deposits under ocean floor.
(Trillions of tons of CH4.)
Desolving of existing calcium
carbonate deposits (coral reefs).
Note: Nearly all of Florida is one big coral reef.
And finally, the ultimate re-enforcing feedback Biosphere
KILLER. Photosynthesis reaction ceases once a plant's cell
temperature reaches 104F (40C)!!!!!
Unfortunately, or intentionally, the person promoting this theory
never bothered to seek out those data points.
Increasing solar activity (or cosmic rays) should increase the
temperature of the upper atmosphere.
That's NOT happening!! It's getting colder, which fits right in with
the consensus that the current GW delta is
mostly a function of the increasing GHG concentration.
"A butterfly flaps it's wings in Asia , and the dow drop
400 points in the US... brilliant."
More likely a disk drive started to fail, but was able to recover.
They can do upward of several hundred retries over 5 to 10 seconds
before they return a fatal error.
If the disk drive completes the operation after just a couple of
dozen retries, they'll keep on going without reporting an error. If
no error is reported back to the controller the raid functionality
usually won't kick in (depends on the design).
The disk drives data rate and performance during these soft failures
drops drastically(100x) resulting in very slow processing times.
However... in the case of DSL, the dslam does NOT assign the public IP addresses(it's strickly ATM). The ISP's ATM concentrator router normally does this function. But not in Verizon's case.
Verizon adds a third component. PPPoE which means the concentrator router assigns a private IP address to the customers initial configuration and that IP address is then used to direct traffic to a RedBack style PPPoE gateway. (Where it no longer has access to the original Mac info). The Redback then establishes a PPP channel with either DSL modem, gateway or PC and only then is the public IP address assigned.
As a result, it may take a combination of several logs to actually determine who is really connected at the other end.
If Verizon is anything like Bellsouth, the ability to spoof another persons PPPoE connection ID is fairly easy. (BS Default PPPoE authentication, PPPoE password == phone number, PPPoE User id == email address... == hackers delight.)
For this reason alone.
I would not be persuing a case based on just one download event.
I would want to see dozens of matching log events with MAC cross references over several days, along with dfferent IP assignments, and the corresponding downloading of copyrighted material.
Related to experts claim of no wireless connection configuration
info found on hard disk. (As if he was expecting to find that
info.)
Very few people have been ability to maintain a clean PC and/or
dis-infect their PC without a reformat and reinstall..
Additionally (reformat/reinstall) is the
most frequent suggested course action offered large ISP's tech
support in their attempts to solve any type of connectivity
problem.
===
A couple years ago, I did a local survey of wireless access
points in my neighborhood using a +24db parabolic antenna and
rotating it in 20 degree increments and initiating a scan for network
IDs using a Dlink DI-900+.
Most Access Points/NAT routers were wide open.. using
manufacturers defaults for both SSID and WEP.. Four of them were
secured with WEP(default) by the Router/AP manufacturer (2-wire).
Manufacturers of wireless access points where ID'd by broadcasted
MAC addresses. Five NAT routers/access points where configured by
the installer, and/or user, who protected it with WEP. Nearby
access points periodically broadcasted with enough signal to overcome
parabolic antenna's null lobes and registering as valid access
points on multiple vectors. More detectable vectors == stronger
(closer) signal sources. MAC address duplicates were removed from
tally. No attempt was made connected to, confirm ISP, nor
determine other configuration info.
The results.. (not including my own AP, which I no longer use.)
36 network Access Points located, at least one of them over a mile
away.
9 secured by WEP, (4 of them by manufacturer 2-WIRE ), 8 had
identifiable First andor Last names embedded
in the broadcasted SSID, and only two of those with
identifiable F/L had WEP enabled. 27
had no encryption enabled.
======
As I recall.. Kazaa and other file sharing programs could not
serve up data to the Internet thruogh
a Router/NAT without a special configuration. (Opening port numbers
through to specified private IP addresses,
a task made even more difficult by the nearly universal manufacturer
standard of default activation of DHCP assignment by router/NAT).
Most users don't even set the admin password on their routers. Only
a tech savvy expert would normally be
expect to have the knowledge to perform that type of configuration.
Each reboot, and/or power cycle, normally clears both the DHCP and
wireless connection log in a Router/Nat.
====
So far the evidence I seen in this case file. (Which is missing the original complaint+exhibits.)
Is based on the user id of "jrlindor@KaZaA" and
downloading some content on a single day of Aug 7,2004 using some
sort Verizon connection in the name of a deceased(2001) former
resident Olnick Raymond. (Why would they expect wireless access on
some dead persons DSL account?)
This brings into question.. are Verizon's DHCP logs accurate?
Are the individual records committed to disk as they occur or are
they cached by the OS? Do they loose data after a CPU double fault,
power failure, and/or hard reset/reboot sequence(most do)? Any lost data
could mask a re-assignment of the IP address to someone else. Is the
Verizon's DHCP system tested and certified
for accuracy. Does Verizon use such logs for billing or financial
purposes? if not, why not? Has Verizon's equipment vendor (Redback?
PPPoE) tested the DHCP, certified that it's secure, AND indemnified
both t
"Presumably, the article tests power consumption because
businesses are concerned with how much running each of these systems
will cost them. If the Xeons managed to win in power consumption
because they completed the task in half the time, that has other
cost-saving benefits even beyond power consumption. "
The benchmarks chosen have very little to do with the real
business world. They mostly demonstrate
the effect of Intel's larger CPU caches on performance.
Choose a series of applications(processes) which accesses very
large data sets (web, mail, file.. virtual servers etc) and watch the
Intel CPU's begin to choke. I.E. Single process (multiple threads)
benchmarks are inherently biased towards CPU's with larger unified
caches.
The AMD Opteron CPU has over double the
available memory bandwidth. Which is very handy dealing with
large data sets and executing real world commercial applications.
"The Spider stack wasn't very good. It relied upon STREAMS,
which was kludgey and ugly and a heavyweight. The only version of NT
to use it was NT 3. By NT 3.5 (the second version of NT, as it
happened), it had been replaced by a Microsoft-written one. I'm not
saying that the TCP/IP stack in modern Windows OSes, such as XP, is
completely, 100% free of all BSD code. I mean, hell, some things are
just stupid to do twice (the checksum calculation, for example), and
if you did rewrite it it'd look almost exactly the same.
Identical. "
I still have some NT 3.51 and NT 4.0 systems... Microsoft
's post NT3.1 TCP/IP software stack Sucked Big Time.
Netbios under TCP/IP was 10x less
efficient(per CPU MHZ) than native Netbieu. (Same system, CPU MHZ the
limiting factor). A straight on FTP
transfer was 4x less efficient than Netbieu.
Meanwhile, Linux TCP/IP protocol stack
on similar MHZ system ran CIRCLES around M$ implementation. With
TCP/IP operations surpassing NT's Raw
Netbieu performance levels without any special optimizations.
==========
As for Linux et. al.
patent Liability to Microsoft.. For
all practical purposes it's a NON-ISSUE.
As a result, M$ has agreed to accept GPL license and waived any
rights to assert ANY of their Patents
against fellow Linux developers/distributes/users.
Note: A corporation can't act a single entity with respect to 3rd
party copyrights, which includes Linux & rights granter by GPL
license, however they're 100% liable for
official acts of their employees (Doctrine of Respondeat
superior).
If M$ violates the agreed upon GPL terms by suing other Linux
users. The GPL license by which they distributed Linux
(internally) becomes null and void. Which leaves
Microsoft with a HUGE liability for extensive Copyright
Violation(s). Copyright Violation for
Profit has NO damage
limits.. The damages would
be computed on a basis of Microsoft WINDOWS revenues.
Ergo... I don't think M$ will be suing any Linux participants for
Patent anything in the near future.
"Epic Systems" is the principle vendor at the center of this multibillion dollar fiasco.. Epic employees are the one's who selected Citrix(against the vendors advice). Same goes for the VB and MUMPS languages and all subsequent programming.
From 1999 to 2001 they applied for and were granted LCA's for
230 H-1B's.. Top H-1B wage 62,000 (2).. lowest wage 31,000(10)
average wage ~38,000.. Add in another 56 LCA's for green
cards(1999-2000).. top wage 60,500 average wage ~40,000.
Note: The Zazona.com database stopped collecting LCA records back
in 2002..
I meant to type Lindzen and his Journalist friend. (Instead of the well respected Hanson of NOAA, who is using current Sat data which clealy indicates IPCC is right, my criticism of UK telegraph article remains the same).
Yup.. GW has been apparent for all to see in the last 8 years.
(Those 8 years added ~220 billion tons to our atmosphere)
Yet, the article's chosen data sets all stop in 1998. What a bunch of freaking ding dongs, we don't live in a static world.
Likewise.. the article hasn't been peer reviewed.
Publishing in UK newspaper is not a proper venue.
You're being sold propoganda based on his misguided interpretation and selective use of data sets. (One must consider ALL available data, including the date period from 1999 through 2006).
Yup.. GW has been apparent for all to see in the last 8 years.
(Those 8 years added ~220 billion tons to our atmosphere)
Yet, all of his chosen data sets end in 1998. What a freaking ding dong, we don't live in a static world.
Likewise.. the article hasn't been peer reviewed.
Publishing in UK newspaper is not a proper venue.
You're being sold propoganda based on his misguided interpretation and selective use of data sets. (One must consider ALL available data, including the date period from 1999 through 2006).
7 cents per kWh in So cal.. you're joking right..
more like 25 cents pe rkWh after taxes..
Oh.. Solar panels are producing power @ peak usage hours.
You're looking at 40 to 50 cents per kWh during those months. + solar flux >7.5 kWh/M^2/day (flat panel @ lat angle) during those months.
(Note: Angle losses all ready factored into DOE solar flux map.)
100 panels per service person per per year?? you're joking, right??
Not unless a volcano errupts and throws large rocks on top of the building.
Figure all losses convered by warrentee. (one part time job to keep array up and running. Repairs and cleaning done @ night.)
Dump the diode loss factor, no need for diodes. Dump panel imBalance losses for large arrays.
It will likely be a combo parallel/series configuration.
Minor per panel imbalances cancel out when panels outputs are combined (averaged) before next series connection. (10 panels connected in parallel which then wired in series with the next 10 panel array, etc. )
Inverter losses with HV DC bus.. into a 408V three phase distribution..
minimal losses (efficiency increases with size and higher voltages).
No more than a couple of percent.
Missing positive factors..
Shading factor of roof == greatly reduced A/C usage. (year round)
Plus reduced maint costs for A/C system. Lower overall building consumption reduces a utility demand charges. A properly designed system will null out most of the power factor
surcharges (2x).
Total installation costs 5 or 6$ per watt. ~9.6 million.
Direct energy savings payback @ $1.2M per year.
Indirect payback
A/C reduction, demand charges, & power factor compensation.
@ $~2 Million per year.
Payback time.. 3 years.. not bad.. (no need to factored in panel degradation).
"It's not unused. What the Save-a-watt fanatics don't want
you to consider is that without standby power, you couldn't turn on
your TV with a wireless remote. Just imagine if everyone had to get
up to turn on the TV "
Use some intelligence.. Use a switched power outlet from
AV SRS receiver (Onkyo SR-5XX) to power up/down other A/V components.
I.E. One remote controls power to all the other AV
components, except for TV.
P.S.. An Onkyo SR-501 AV SRS
receiver draws less than a watt when placed in standby mode.
They have problems with full sphere jams and collisions between
pellets (compromising their integrity). Several of the world's
worst nuclear incidents involved the oxidation (burning)
of a Graphite moderator. Care to guess what type of moderator
pebble bed reactors use?
====
In general, land based Nuclear reactors are ALL WAYS considered to
be a primary target by any enemy combatant.
They are fixed, easy to destroy (with a
minimal nuke) targets with a high collateral damage multiplier.
(Concentration of medium decay rate isotopes, (incorporated into the
food chain), equal to 100's of nuclear weapons.)
Operational Utility scale
reactors(1GWe/3GWt) have even larger concentrations of those
isotopes(==1000's of N-weapons). A significant release of these
isotopes will remove a large area of land from human and/or
agricultural usage for 100's of years.
"To be fair though, you have to look at it as an opportune expense. The energy would be spent in any case, but is this the most efficient use or process?"
Large scale Recycling as by far more energy efficient. 5x energy savings is typical. I suggest you do some research on it.
Note: Most published EROI calcs for PV are somewhat out of date and somewhat misleading. Those old calcs use national(lower 48) solar flux averages, fixed mounting, and based on wasteful manufacturing tech.
My EROI calcs would include, favorable sighting.. (Desert SW solar flux, almost double national average), mount them on dual axis trackers (+%35 and improves lifespan), spread them out to limit enviromental impact, localise the production of PV panels&trackers for multi GW sized arrays, and employ the latest large scale PV manufacturing tech(18 to 22% panel efficiency). Where needed, a HVDC transmission system can efficiently carry the energy to distant markets.
Net effect, Energy Pay Back Time drops to well under 3 months.
or a net Energy Return On Energy Invested of 140 to 1.
Wind is also has a high EROEI.. Currently something like 90 to 1.
Meanwhile Coal's EROEI is around 5 to 1. There is lots of plant overhead and infrastructure needed to keep a coal plant in daily operation.
Localised recycling & remanufacture would at least DOUBLE the EROEI for either PV or Wind. Thus making sustainable renewables even cheaper.
Aluminum frame.. no brainer.. (scrap dealers will pay you $~0.50lb).. Clear Glass. Another no brainer.. Resin backing. (Add some solvent and make it into another PV panel.) Remaining Silicon and Copper.. Easily recycled.
As for True Costs.. tack in the costs of GW..
and all the Fossil fuel solutions fly right out the window.
Just for grins..
What percentage of earth orbiting satellites are powered by anything but PV?
"the amounts we've spent on IRAQ war for Oil + DOD
expenditures to insure oceans are safe for Oil shipments. (IRAQ 100B/yr + DOD 200B/yr )/(US oil consumption)
~15Mbbl/day/365 == $54.80 per barrel of oil in direct
subsidies.
Or the costs to mitigate the environmental
impact of GW.. Est 200 Trillion(total) by 2056 for
looses&mitigation incurred by submerged coast lines, dozens of
land falling Cat-5's per year, crop
failures, etc == 4 Trillion per year/(Oil share 33% towards
GW)/15Mbbl/day / 365 == $237 per barrel indirect
environmental impact. Note: This
estimate may be a gross underestimation!!What price do
you associate with an activity that has a high probability of
triggering of an Extinction Level Event?
Each of those huge costs are currently hidden from view.. The
bill sponsors are doing the right thing by adding just a
small fraction of the real costs of oil back into the production
equation".
The Oil company mods are at it again.. surpressing another inconvient truth.
I would also point out that up to this point and unlike nearly every other state and country in the world, California collects NO royalties from Oil pumped out the ground.
the amounts we've spent on IRAQ war for Oil + DOD
expenditures to insure oceans are safe for Oil shipments.
(IRAQ 100B/yr + DOD 200B/yr )/(US oil consumption)
~15Mbbl/day/365 == $54.80 per barrel of oil in direct
subsidies.
Or the costs to mitigate the environmental
impact of GW.. Est 200 Trillion(total) by 2056 for
looses&mitigation incurred by submerged coast lines, dozens of
land falling Cat-5's per year, crop
failures, etc == 4 Trillion per year/(Oil share 33% towards
GW)/15Mbbl/day / 365 == $237 per barrel indirect
environmental impact. Note: This
estimate may be a gross underestimation!!
What price do
you associate with an activity that has a high probability of
triggering of an Extinction Level Event?
Each of those huge costs are currently hidden from view.. The
bill sponsors are doing the right thing by adding just a
small fraction of the real costs of oil back into the production
equation.
"Let's say all goes as IBM has planned and SCO gets their
collective asses handed to them in court. And the SEC goes after them
for insider trading once the whole case is settled and made public.
What next?
Exactly how do you draw a line between MS and the greybar
hotel? Yeah, MS did finance the whole thing pretty much through
Baystar. But investment isn't illegal."
IBM
files a FTC complaint and lawsuit against M$, it's exec's, and all
principle actors for "unfair methods of
competition in interstate or foreign commerce".
Likewise all Linux developers, users, potential developers, and
users can add themselves to the list people damaged by M$ monopolistic
and anticompetitive activities.
When all is said
and done.. M$ could be minus a big chunk of it's cash hoard...
The Bill number is H.R.5825, "Electronic Surveillance
Modernization Act"
You can plug that bill identifier into this
html page , select search on bill number, then click search.
Many of the provisions of this bill are unconstitutional, (due
process, separation of powers, 1st, 4th,
5th, 6th and 9th amendments etc), but that
process would take a long, long time to wind itself through
the court system.
When a citizen's fear of one's own government is more than he
fears the Terrorists ! Then the War on Terrorism is already LOST !
Slashdot Mirror
"The problem with climate models is that you only hear about the ones that give extreme results. There is no news value (or grant value for that matter) in reporting models that don't give extreme results."
"Extreme results" is probably an invalidate assumption. Scientists practice a lot of self censorship.
So much so, that the published IPCC reports are widely considered to be under estimates of the true effects.
The GW outcomes you haven't heard about are those which trigger an E.L.E. that mankind is unlikely to survive.
The scientific consensus is to curb CO2 emissions A.S.A.P. in order to reduce the probability of triggering an E.L.E.
Spelling Correction... You obviously don't have a chemistry background, nor the ability to rationaly seek out and interpret the data.
You obviously don't have a chemistry background, nor the ability to retioannly seek out and interpret the data.
"It does not take centuries for the CO2 to be absorbed. At most a little over a decade. Plants absorb CO2 from the Air. Water vapor condenses. Both gases move into and out of the atmosphere."
Plant CO2 absorption is function of overall photosynthesis, (factors, solar flux, moisture, temperature, biology, decay, metabolism of creatures who consume plant material.). Very low overall solar efficiency.. Biomass 0.5% if your lucky, 4x less if consumed by an animal. Since earth's biosphere started out at equilibrium. There is very little headroom to increase CO2 absorption rapidly.
Figure 2 is a seasonal graph of CO2 increase, peaking each winter and dropping each summer, total swing ~4ppm. If we stopped adding CO2 today, we would be lucky to observe a 1ppm drop per year.
I wrote.. "Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels starting tomorrow it would take centuries before earth's atmosphere reached it's previous equilibrium. " An yes.. it really does take that long.. That's why we've got to act NOW.
Recently observed spike in the rate of CO2 PPM change indicated that the earth's biosphere is reaching a saturation point and might start out gassing stored CO2 in a self re-enforcing feedback. Increasing probability of triggering an E.L.E. like the one which occurred during the Permian-Triassic extinction.
"The artical you cited talks about a Calthrate gun. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_gun_hypothe
sis [wikipedia.org] This is not a CO2 gun. "
Do you really think your deep state
of denial is going to have any effect on the outcome?
The hydrate deposits are real, once they reach critical temp they'll start out gassing.
REPEAT.. There are a number of other self re-enforcing GW feedbacks in Earth's biosphere.
If any once one of them kicks in, humanity is going to have a major problem, dealing with the effects before the next shoe drops.
Thawing out of frozen tundra and restarting the suspended decay process,
Releasing tens of billion tons of CH4 into atmosphere,
half life 9 years before decaying to C02 and 2*H20.
Thawing out of frozen methane hydrate deposits under ocean floor.
(Trillions of tons of CH4.)
Dissolving of existing calcium carbonate deposits (coral reefs).
Note: Nearly all of Florida is one big coral reef.
And finally, the ultimate re-enforcing feedback Biosphere KILLER.
Photosynthesis reaction ceases once a plant's cell temperature reaches 104F (40C)!!!!!
"It would be really nice if you started to check your facts! H2O is a more effective absorber than CO2 is. It is found at concentrations many many times CO2. H2O will be anywhere from 0% to over 4%. That is up to 40,000 PPM compared to 370. "
H20 is already at saturation .. IR wise.. adding more h20 will
have minimal effect on GHG effect.
I.E. It's already blocking IR at Figure 2.. wavelengths. beyond certain thresholds adding a few thousand more ppm will have minimal net effect.. (It's a diminishing effect.)
The H20 has a different absorption spectra than CO2.
As a consequence increasing CO2 concentrations will trap different frequencies of IR radiation. Making the earth warmer, which increases the H20 component as well (both a positive (h20 vapor) and negative(clouds) feedback).
Water vapor readily condenses out of the atmosphere, (with a half life measured in days or weeks).. Meanwhile CO2 has a significantly longer half life in the atmosphere. CO2 was in equilibrium before mankind started burning all of those buried fossil fuels. Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels starting tomorrow it would take centuries before earth's atmosphere reached it's previous equilibrium.
Recently observed spike in the rate of CO2 PPM change indicated that the earth's biosphere is reaching a saturation point and might start out gassing stored CO2 in a self re-enforcing feedback. Increasing probability of triggering an ELE like the one which occurred during the Permian-Triassic extinction.
There are a number of other self re-enforcing GW feedbacks in Earth's biosphere.
Thawing out of frozen tundra and restarting the suspended decay process,
Releasing tens of billion tons of CH4 into atmosphere,
half life 9 years before decaying to C02 and 2*H20.
Thawing out of frozen methane hydrate deposits under ocean floor.
(Trillions of tons of CH4.)
Desolving of existing calcium carbonate deposits (coral reefs).
Note: Nearly all of Florida is one big coral reef.
And finally, the ultimate re-enforcing feedback Biosphere KILLER.
Photosynthesis reaction ceases once a plant's cell temperature reaches 104F (40C)!!!!!
There are upper atmospheric measurements and other indications that pretty much disproves the increasing SOLAR output theory.
Unfortunately, or intentionally, the person promoting this theory never bothered to seek out those data points.
Increasing solar activity (or cosmic rays) should increase the temperature of the upper atmosphere. That's NOT happening!! It's getting colder, which fits right in with the consensus that the current GW delta is mostly a function of the increasing GHG concentration.
"A butterfly flaps it's wings in Asia , and the dow drop 400 points in the US... brilliant."
More likely a disk drive started to fail, but was able to recover. They can do upward of several hundred retries over 5 to 10 seconds before they return a fatal error.
If the disk drive completes the operation after just a couple of dozen retries, they'll keep on going without reporting an error. If no error is reported back to the controller the raid functionality usually won't kick in (depends on the design). The disk drives data rate and performance during these soft failures drops drastically(100x) resulting in very slow processing times.
However... in the case of DSL, the dslam does NOT assign the public IP addresses(it's strickly ATM). The ISP's ATM concentrator router normally does this function. But not in Verizon's case.
Verizon adds a third component. PPPoE which means the concentrator router assigns a private IP address to the customers initial configuration and that IP address is then used to direct traffic to a RedBack style PPPoE gateway. (Where it no longer has access to the original Mac info). The Redback then establishes a PPP channel with either DSL modem, gateway or PC and only then is the public IP address assigned.
As a result, it may take a combination of several logs to actually determine who is really connected at the other end.
If Verizon is anything like Bellsouth, the ability to spoof another persons PPPoE connection ID is fairly easy. (BS Default PPPoE authentication, PPPoE password == phone number, PPPoE User id == email address... == hackers delight.)
For this reason alone.
I would not be persuing a case based on just one download event.
I would want to see dozens of matching log events with MAC cross references over several days, along with dfferent IP assignments, and the corresponding downloading of copyrighted material.
Related to experts claim of no wireless connection configuration info found on hard disk.
(As if he was expecting to find that info.)
Very few people have been ability to maintain a clean PC and/or dis-infect their PC without a reformat and reinstall..
Additionally (reformat/reinstall) is the most frequent suggested course action offered large ISP's tech support in their
attempts to solve any type of connectivity problem.
===
A couple years ago, I did a local survey of wireless access points in my neighborhood using a +24db parabolic antenna and rotating it in 20 degree increments and initiating a scan for network IDs using a Dlink DI-900+.
Most Access Points/NAT routers were wide open.. using manufacturers defaults for both SSID and WEP..
Four of them were secured with WEP(default) by the Router/AP manufacturer (2-wire).
Manufacturers of wireless access points where ID'd by broadcasted MAC addresses.
Five NAT routers/access points where configured by the installer, and/or user, who protected it with WEP.
Nearby access points periodically broadcasted with enough signal to overcome parabolic antenna's null lobes
and registering as valid access points on multiple vectors.
More detectable vectors == stronger (closer) signal sources. MAC address duplicates were removed from tally.
No attempt was made connected to, confirm ISP, nor determine other configuration info.
The results.. (not including my own AP, which I no longer use.)
Linksys-cisco.. 11 -AP's, 2 - WEP, 4 - F/L name, 3 - dflt SSID
Netgear- 7 - AP's, 1 - WEP, 2 - F/L name, 5 - dflt SSID
Linksys- 3 - AP's, 0 - WEP, 2 - F/L name, 1 - dflt SSID
2-Wire 4 - AP's, 4 - WEP, 0 - F/L name, 4 - dflt SSID (3 digits unique)
D-link- 6 - AP's, 0 - WEP, 2 - F/L name, 3 - dflt SSID
Belkin- 4 - AP's, 2 - WEP, 0 - F/L name, 4 - dflt SSID
Gemtek 1 - AP's, 0 - WEP, 0 - F/L name 0 - dflt SSID
36 network Access Points located, at least one of them over a mile away.
9 secured by WEP, (4 of them by manufacturer 2-WIRE ),
8 had identifiable First andor Last names embedded in the broadcasted SSID,
and only two of those with identifiable F/L had WEP enabled.
27 had no encryption enabled.
======
As I recall.. Kazaa and other file sharing programs could not serve up data to the Internet thruogh a Router/NAT without a special configuration. (Opening port numbers through to specified private IP addresses, a task made even more difficult by the nearly universal manufacturer standard of default activation of DHCP assignment by router/NAT). Most users don't even set the admin password on their routers. Only a tech savvy expert would normally be expect to have the knowledge to perform that type of configuration. Each reboot, and/or power cycle, normally clears both the DHCP and wireless connection log in a Router/Nat.
====
So far the evidence I seen in this case file. (Which is missing the original complaint+exhibits.)
Is based on the user id of "jrlindor@KaZaA" and downloading some content on a single day of Aug 7,2004 using some sort Verizon connection in the name of a deceased(2001) former resident Olnick Raymond. (Why would they expect wireless access on some dead persons DSL account?)
This brings into question.. are Verizon's DHCP logs accurate? Are the individual records committed to disk as they occur or are they cached by the OS? Do they loose data after a CPU double fault, power failure, and /or hard reset/reboot sequence(most do)? Any lost data
could mask a re-assignment of the IP address to someone else. Is the
Verizon's DHCP system tested and certified
for accuracy. Does Verizon use such logs for billing or financial
purposes? if not, why not? Has Verizon's equipment vendor (Redback?
PPPoE) tested the DHCP, certified that it's secure, AND indemnified
both t
"Presumably, the article tests power consumption because businesses are concerned with how much running each of these systems will cost them. If the Xeons managed to win in power consumption because they completed the task in half the time, that has other cost-saving benefits even beyond power consumption. "
The benchmarks chosen have very little to do with the real business world.
They mostly demonstrate the effect of Intel's larger CPU caches on performance.
Choose a series of applications(processes) which accesses very large data sets (web, mail, file.. virtual servers etc) and watch the Intel CPU's begin to choke. I.E. Single process (multiple threads) benchmarks are inherently biased towards CPU's with larger unified caches.
The AMD Opteron CPU has over double the available memory bandwidth.
Which is very handy dealing with large data sets and executing real world commercial applications.
"The Spider stack wasn't very good. It relied upon STREAMS, which was kludgey and ugly and a heavyweight. The only version of NT to use it was NT 3. By NT 3.5 (the second version of NT, as it happened), it had been replaced by a Microsoft-written one. I'm not saying that the TCP/IP stack in modern Windows OSes, such as XP, is completely, 100% free of all BSD code. I mean, hell, some things are just stupid to do twice (the checksum calculation, for example), and if you did rewrite it it'd look almost exactly the same. Identical. "
I still have some NT 3.51 and NT 4.0 systems ...
Microsoft 's post NT3.1 TCP/IP software stack Sucked Big Time.
Netbios under TCP/IP was 10x less efficient(per CPU MHZ) than native Netbieu. (Same system, CPU MHZ the limiting factor).
A straight on FTP transfer was 4x less efficient than Netbieu.
Meanwhile, Linux TCP/IP protocol stack on similar MHZ system ran CIRCLES around M$ implementation.
With TCP/IP operations surpassing NT's Raw Netbieu performance levels without any special optimizations.
==========
As for Linux et. al. patent Liability to Microsoft.. For all practical purposes it's a NON-ISSUE.
M$ employees acting with authorization have been and continue to distribute Linux to the tune of ~300 servers from ~50 distros within their "Linux" lab.. They did it for purposes of profit, and improving windows capability and performance.
As a result, M$ has agreed to accept GPL license and waived any rights to assert ANY of their Patents against fellow Linux developers/distributes/users. Note: A corporation can't act a single entity with respect to 3rd party copyrights, which includes Linux & rights granter by GPL license, however they're 100% liable for official acts of their employees (Doctrine of Respondeat superior).
If M$ violates the agreed upon GPL terms by suing other Linux users.
The GPL license by which they distributed Linux (internally) becomes null and void.
Which leaves Microsoft with a HUGE liability for extensive Copyright Violation(s).
Copyright Violation for Profit has NO damage limits..
The damages would be computed on a basis of Microsoft WINDOWS revenues.
Ergo... I don't think M$ will be suing any Linux participants for Patent anything in the near future.
mod'd.. offtopic??? Huh???
I don't see it..
"Epic Systems" is the principle vendor at the center of this multibillion dollar fiasco..
Epic employees are the one's who selected Citrix(against the vendors advice).
Same goes for the VB and MUMPS languages and all subsequent programming.
You get what you pay for..
From 1999 to 2001 they applied for and were granted LCA's for 230 H-1B's..
Top H-1B wage 62,000 (2).. lowest wage 31,000(10) average wage ~38,000..
Add in another 56 LCA's for green cards(1999-2000).. top wage 60,500 average wage ~40,000.
Note: The Zazona.com database stopped collecting LCA records back in 2002..
Here is a link to Madison Wisconsin Blog about Epic Systems.. read it and be informed..
I meant to type Lindzen and his Journalist friend. (Instead of the well respected Hanson of NOAA, who is using current Sat data which clealy indicates IPCC is right, my criticism of UK telegraph article remains the same).
Yup.. GW has been apparent for all to see in the last 8 years.
(Those 8 years added ~220 billion tons to our atmosphere)
Yet, the article's chosen data sets all stop in 1998.
What a bunch of freaking ding dongs, we don't live in a static world.
Likewise.. the article hasn't been peer reviewed.
Publishing in UK newspaper is not a proper venue.
You're being sold propoganda based on his misguided interpretation and selective use of data sets. (One must consider ALL available data, including the date period from 1999 through 2006).
Yup.. GW has been apparent for all to see in the last 8 years.
(Those 8 years added ~220 billion tons to our atmosphere)
Yet, all of his chosen data sets end in 1998.
What a freaking ding dong, we don't live in a static world.
Likewise.. the article hasn't been peer reviewed.
Publishing in UK newspaper is not a proper venue.
You're being sold propoganda based on his misguided interpretation and selective use of data sets. (One must consider ALL available data, including the date period from 1999 through 2006).
Assumptions and resulting math is way off..
7 cents per kWh in So cal.. you're joking right..
more like 25 cents pe rkWh after taxes..
Oh.. Solar panels are producing power @ peak usage hours.
You're looking at 40 to 50 cents per kWh during those months. + solar flux >7.5 kWh/M^2/day (flat panel @ lat angle) during those months.
(Note: Angle losses all ready factored into DOE solar flux map.)
100 panels per service person per per year?? you're joking, right??
Not unless a volcano errupts and throws large rocks on top of the building.
Figure all losses convered by warrentee. (one part time job to keep array up and running. Repairs and cleaning done @ night.)
Dump the diode loss factor, no need for diodes.
Dump panel imBalance losses for large arrays.
It will likely be a combo parallel/series configuration.
Minor per panel imbalances cancel out when panels outputs are combined (averaged) before next series connection. (10 panels connected in parallel which then wired in series with the next 10 panel array, etc. )
Inverter losses with HV DC bus.. into a 408V three phase distribution..
minimal losses (efficiency increases with size and higher voltages).
No more than a couple of percent.
Missing positive factors..
Shading factor of roof == greatly reduced A/C usage. (year round)
Plus reduced maint costs for A/C system.
Lower overall building consumption reduces a utility demand charges.
A properly designed system will null out most of the power factor
surcharges (2x).
Total installation costs 5 or 6$ per watt. ~9.6 million.
Direct energy savings payback @ $1.2M per year.
Indirect payback
A/C reduction, demand charges, & power factor compensation.
@ $~2 Million per year.
Payback time.. 3 years.. not bad.. (no need to factored in panel degradation).
"It's not unused. What the Save-a-watt fanatics don't want you to consider is that without standby power, you couldn't turn on your TV with a wireless remote. Just imagine if everyone had to get up to turn on the TV "
Use some intelligence..
Use a switched power outlet from AV SRS receiver (Onkyo SR-5XX) to power up/down other A/V components.
I.E. One remote controls power to all the other AV components, except for TV.
P.S.. An Onkyo SR-501 AV SRS receiver draws less than a watt when placed in standby mode.
Pebble beds have significant problems to overcome.
They have problems with full sphere jams and collisions between pellets (compromising their integrity).
Several of the world's worst nuclear incidents involved the oxidation (burning) of a Graphite moderator.
Care to guess what type of moderator pebble bed reactors use?
====
In general, land based Nuclear reactors are ALL WAYS considered to be a primary target by any enemy combatant.
They are fixed, easy to destroy (with a minimal nuke) targets with a high collateral damage multiplier.
(Concentration of medium decay rate isotopes, (incorporated into the food chain), equal to 100's of nuclear weapons.)
Operational Utility scale reactors(1GWe/3GWt) have even larger concentrations of those isotopes(==1000's of N-weapons).
A significant release of these isotopes will remove a large area of land from human and/or agricultural usage for 100's of years.
"To be fair though, you have to look at it as an opportune expense. The energy would be spent in any case, but is this the most efficient use or process?"
Large scale Recycling as by far more energy efficient. 5x energy savings is typical. I suggest you do some research on it.
Note: Most published EROI calcs for PV are somewhat out of date and somewhat misleading. Those old calcs use national(lower 48) solar flux averages, fixed mounting, and based on wasteful manufacturing tech.
My EROI calcs would include, favorable sighting.. (Desert SW solar flux, almost double national average), mount them on dual axis trackers (+%35 and improves lifespan), spread them out to limit enviromental impact, localise the production of PV panels&trackers for multi GW sized arrays, and employ the latest large scale PV manufacturing tech(18 to 22% panel efficiency). Where needed, a HVDC transmission system can efficiently carry the energy to distant markets.
Net effect, Energy Pay Back Time drops to well under 3 months.
or a net Energy Return On Energy Invested of 140 to 1.
Wind is also has a high EROEI.. Currently something like 90 to 1.
Meanwhile Coal's EROEI is around 5 to 1. There is lots of plant overhead and infrastructure needed to keep a coal plant in daily operation.
Localised recycling & remanufacture would at least DOUBLE the EROEI for either PV or Wind. Thus making sustainable renewables even cheaper.
PV is recyclable,
Aluminum frame.. no brainer.. (scrap dealers will pay you $~0.50lb)..
Clear Glass. Another no brainer..
Resin backing. (Add some solvent and make it into another PV panel.)
Remaining Silicon and Copper.. Easily recycled.
As for True Costs.. tack in the costs of GW..
and all the Fossil fuel solutions fly right out the window.
Just for grins..
What percentage of earth orbiting satellites are powered by anything but PV?
"the amounts we've spent on IRAQ war for Oil + DOD expenditures to insure oceans are safe for Oil shipments. (IRAQ 100B/yr + DOD 200B/yr )/(US oil consumption) ~15Mbbl/day/365 == $54.80 per barrel of oil in direct subsidies .
Or the costs to mitigate the environmental impact of GW.. Est 200 Trillion(total) by 2056 for looses&mitigation incurred by submerged coast lines, dozens of land falling Cat-5's per year, crop failures, etc == 4 Trillion per year/(Oil share 33% towards GW) /15Mbbl /day / 365 == $237 per barrel indirect
environmental impact. Note: This
estimate may be a gross underestimation!! What price do
you associate with an activity that has a high probability of
triggering of an Extinction Level Event?
Each of those huge costs are currently hidden from view..
The bill sponsors are doing the right thing by adding just a small fraction of the real costs of oil back into the production equation".
The Oil company mods are at it again.. surpressing another inconvient truth.
I would also point out that up to this point and unlike nearly every other state and country in the world, California collects NO royalties from Oil pumped out the ground.
the amounts we've spent on IRAQ war for Oil + DOD expenditures to insure oceans are safe for Oil shipments. (IRAQ 100B/yr + DOD 200B/yr )/(US oil consumption) ~15Mbbl/day/365 == $54.80 per barrel of oil in direct subsidies.
Or the costs to mitigate the environmental impact of GW.. Est 200 Trillion(total) by 2056 for looses&mitigation incurred by submerged coast lines, dozens of land falling Cat-5's per year, crop failures, etc == 4 Trillion per year/(Oil share 33% towards GW) /15Mbbl /day / 365 == $237 per barrel indirect
environmental impact. Note: This
estimate may be a gross underestimation!!
What price do you associate with an activity that has a high probability of triggering of an Extinction Level Event?
Each of those huge costs are currently hidden from view..
The bill sponsors are doing the right thing by adding just a small fraction of the real costs of oil back into the production equation.
"Let's say all goes as IBM has planned and SCO gets their collective asses handed to them in court. And the SEC goes after them for insider trading once the whole case is settled and made public.
What next?
Exactly how do you draw a line between MS and the greybar hotel? Yeah, MS did finance the whole thing pretty much through Baystar. But investment isn't illegal."
IBM files a FTC complaint and lawsuit against M$, it's exec's, and all principle actors for "unfair methods of competition in interstate or foreign commerce". Likewise all Linux developers, users, potential developers, and users can add themselves to the list people damaged by M$ monopolistic and anticompetitive activities.
When all is said and done.. M$ could be minus a big chunk of it's cash hoard...
The Bill number is H.R.5825, "Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act"
You can plug that bill identifier into this html page , select search on bill number, then click search.
Many of the provisions of this bill are unconstitutional, (due process, separation of powers, 1st, 4th, 5th, 6th and 9th amendments etc), but that process would take a long, long time to wind itself through the court system.
When a citizen's fear of one's own government is more than he fears the Terrorists !
Then the War on Terrorism is already LOST !