It probably depended on your PDP-11 operating system. On RSTS/E, the extension determined which run-time system was used to run an executable. Off the top of my head, there was BAC for BASIC-PLUS, SAV for RT-11, TEC for TECO, and I can't remember the RSX one. The systems administrator could install other run-time systems and assign extensions to them.
However, at this time, extensions were closer to being actual meta-data since they were stored separately from the filename. Again, for RSTS/E there were six characters for the file name and three for the extension. I suspect that many other operating systems of a similar vintage did things similarly, except for Unix which just had 14 bytes. Even early Unix though had things like.c for C source code and.o for object files.
97% almost exactly the portion of biologists who believe in evolution according to one survey [metafilter.com]. The Slashdot community seems perfectly ready to accept evolution as fact, yet anthropogenic global warming remains "controversial."
I would hope people believe in evolution because they've looked at the evidence, not because some scientist told them to.
I think that most people simply believe what someone tells them, whether a teacher, a scientist, a preacher, a news commentator or whatever. I know that I simply don't have the time or expertise to look at the evidence for everything that affects me, so I have to take some things on faith from an "authority". Now, if evidence comes up that contradicts that "authority", I should be able to reevaluate things and reject that position.
Actually this says that one member of the particle-antiparticle pair could fall into the black hole. It says nothing about which one would. Sometimes it could be the particle and sometimes the antiparticle. They are both treated the same by gravity. My understanding is that since the particle-antiparticle are separated by a tiny distance, sometimes one is inside the event horizon and is swallowed by the black hole leaving the other one to escape. Since they don't recombine, the one that is swallowed has negative energy causing the black hole to lose energy. Whether it's the particle or antiparticle is completely random, to the best of my knowledge.
I just realized that the ROT13 text looks a lot like the incantation to summon Cthulhu. I would suggest that people be a little more careful with using ROT13 (note that it even has 13 in the name). Who knows what sort of elder horror might be summoned.
I still have a G3 iBook that I use regularly. It has the 13 inch screen and is good for taking text notes. It's nothing fancy, but it fits into a particular niche fairly well. I'll probably keep using it until the battery finally give up the ghost. I got it probably 2005-ish so it's not quite 10 years old yet, but getting close.
They may have had real multitasking prior to NT had it not been for IBM insisting that OS/2 ran in 286 mode.
Intel produced an operating system iRMX that ran on the 8080 and 8086 processors. It was a real-time, multitasking operating system and was introduced in 1980. There was also MP/M which was a multi-user version of CP/M that was introduced about the same time. It had versions that also ran on the 8080 and 8086.
One thing that bugs me about the field of computing is that many people in it seem to be intent on deliberately ignoring its history.
The first computers to have true preemptive multitasking were Commodore (1985). Not Microsoft which took ten years to get, and it didn't work with the then-standard 16-bit apps. Only new 32-bit programs. (Apple didn't get it until 2001 with OS 10.1.)
I understand that you're talking about mass market microcomputers, but I still need to point out that true preemptive multitasking was available in the 70s and probably even 60s on minis and mainframes (think Multics and a bewildering array of operating systems from IBM, DEC, HP, and others, as well as Unix). In the 80s, IIRC, Intel was selling something called iRMX which was a real-time multitasking operating system that ran on a variety of their processors, including the 8086 (no 80286 or 80386 here). I'm sure that there are many more that I missed.
In this case, they give you instructions to fix it. If you are on the net, and dont know what DNS is, you're on your own The same thing that happens if you drive a car and dont know how to change a tyre
I'm not sure that C is that old. FORTRAN, COBOL, and LISP (and a number of others) are all older than C and are higher level than C. Not to mention that the LISP enthusiasts probably consider all other languages to be lower level languages.
Even worse, many of the students I encountered we're absolutely horrible writers and very, very poor readers as well, unable to do more than barely functional writing and often unable to appreciate nuance in a text, preferring instead to be hit over the head with bald statements.
Oh, the irony...
Sorry, but apostrophe abuse is a pet peeve of mine.
For electromagnetic shielding, you want something that is highly conductive. Lead is a poor conductor, so it wouldn't be very good (unless you cool it enough to become superconducting). Silver would be good, but is a bit expensive. Copper is almost as good, but still expensive, though not as much as silver. Aluminum is fairly good and readily available. I would suggest wrapping any electronics that you're worried about in aluminum foil.
That said, for this sort of event, just unplugging your electronics or using a good surge suppressor would be adequate.
What do you think that the airplane designers are doing? The aircraft industry is incredibly safety conscious. That's one of the reasons that everything is so expensive. The whole plane parachute is used on Cirrus airplanes and has saved some lives. Seats have been designed to protect people in impacts up to 26Gs. You can get seatbelts with airbags installed.
Every aircraft accident (at least in the U.S.) is investigated. The goal is to find out what caused the accident and how to prevent it. NASA has a program called ASRS which encourages pilots to report anything that might impact safety.
Please do a little research and see what is being done before accusing people of dragging their heels in the dirt.
I would also suggest reading "A Fire Upon the Deep" by Vernor Vinge. It's science fiction, but does actually talk a fair bit about data and communication security and ways of subverting systems. "A Deepness in the Sky" by the same author also covers similar themes.
I remember that the 7400 was a quad two input NAND gate and the rest of the 74xx series was assorted other TTL logic gates. There were variants like the 74Sxx, 74LSxx, and others. There was also the 4xxx CMOS series, but the numbers didn't map, so 4000 was not a quad two input NAND gate. I think that there was also a 74xx variant 74Hxx(?) that was also CMOS, but used TTL logic levels. Now, a PowerPC built out of 74xx series chips would be quite the sight to see, especially if you wired it up to some blinkenlights.
I expect that it would be possible to write an OS in COBOL. It's not what *I* would choose to do with my spare time, but if it turns your crank, more power to you.
>'We knew that using a ribbon for Explorer would likely be met with skepticism by a set of power users, but there are clear benefits,' Simons said."
Benefits for the stupid perhaps.
Think about the people that you know who use computers. Now divide them into "skilled computer users" and "not skilled computer users". Which group has more people in it?
Slashdot Mirror
It probably depended on your PDP-11 operating system. On RSTS/E, the extension determined which run-time system was used to run an executable. Off the top of my head, there was BAC for BASIC-PLUS, SAV for RT-11, TEC for TECO, and I can't remember the RSX one. The systems administrator could install other run-time systems and assign extensions to them.
However, at this time, extensions were closer to being actual meta-data since they were stored separately from the filename. Again, for RSTS/E there were six characters for the file name and three for the extension. I suspect that many other operating systems of a similar vintage did things similarly, except for Unix which just had 14 bytes. Even early Unix though had things like .c for C source code and .o for object files.
Talking to the dead is easy. It's getting them to answer back that the tricky bit.
97% almost exactly the portion of biologists who believe in evolution according to one survey [metafilter.com]. The Slashdot community seems perfectly ready to accept evolution as fact, yet anthropogenic global warming remains "controversial."
I would hope people believe in evolution because they've looked at the evidence, not because some scientist told them to.
I think that most people simply believe what someone tells them, whether a teacher, a scientist, a preacher, a news commentator or whatever. I know that I simply don't have the time or expertise to look at the evidence for everything that affects me, so I have to take some things on faith from an "authority". Now, if evidence comes up that contradicts that "authority", I should be able to reevaluate things and reject that position.
Most computer users are using them as consuming devices.
This has been true since the very first computers were used to calculate things like sine tables for artillery use.
Actually this says that one member of the particle-antiparticle pair could fall into the black hole. It says nothing about which one would. Sometimes it could be the particle and sometimes the antiparticle. They are both treated the same by gravity. My understanding is that since the particle-antiparticle are separated by a tiny distance, sometimes one is inside the event horizon and is swallowed by the black hole leaving the other one to escape. Since they don't recombine, the one that is swallowed has negative energy causing the black hole to lose energy. Whether it's the particle or antiparticle is completely random, to the best of my knowledge.
I just realized that the ROT13 text looks a lot like the incantation to summon Cthulhu. I would suggest that people be a little more careful with using ROT13 (note that it even has 13 in the name). Who knows what sort of elder horror might be summoned.
You think so? I think that this is a much better response than the whole FunnyJunk saga with Charles Carrion (or whatever that lawyer's name was).
I still have a G3 iBook that I use regularly. It has the 13 inch screen and is good for taking text notes. It's nothing fancy, but it fits into a particular niche fairly well. I'll probably keep using it until the battery finally give up the ghost. I got it probably 2005-ish so it's not quite 10 years old yet, but getting close.
They may have had real multitasking prior to NT had it not been for IBM insisting that OS/2 ran in 286 mode.
Intel produced an operating system iRMX that ran on the 8080 and 8086 processors. It was a real-time, multitasking operating system and was introduced in 1980. There was also MP/M which was a multi-user version of CP/M that was introduced about the same time. It had versions that also ran on the 8080 and 8086.
One thing that bugs me about the field of computing is that many people in it seem to be intent on deliberately ignoring its history.
The first computers to have true preemptive multitasking were Commodore (1985). Not Microsoft which took ten years to get, and it didn't work with the then-standard 16-bit apps. Only new 32-bit programs. (Apple didn't get it until 2001 with OS 10.1.)
I understand that you're talking about mass market microcomputers, but I still need to point out that true preemptive multitasking was available in the 70s and probably even 60s on minis and mainframes (think Multics and a bewildering array of operating systems from IBM, DEC, HP, and others, as well as Unix). In the 80s, IIRC, Intel was selling something called iRMX which was a real-time multitasking operating system that ran on a variety of their processors, including the 8086 (no 80286 or 80386 here). I'm sure that there are many more that I missed.
In this case, they give you instructions to fix it. If you are on the net, and dont know what DNS is, you're on your own
The same thing that happens if you drive a car and dont know how to change a tyre
That's easy. Just call AAA.
I'm not sure that C is that old. FORTRAN, COBOL, and LISP (and a number of others) are all older than C and are higher level than C. Not to mention that the LISP enthusiasts probably consider all other languages to be lower level languages.
Even worse, many of the students I encountered we're absolutely horrible writers and very, very poor readers as well, unable to do more than barely functional writing and often unable to appreciate nuance in a text, preferring instead to be hit over the head with bald statements.
Oh, the irony...
Sorry, but apostrophe abuse is a pet peeve of mine.
Maybe he listened to one of the other posters and thought that he would need one.
How can you think outside of the box when you don't know where the box is?
Yeah, there are four government agencies that have files on me, and I'm not even a potential presidential appointee!
That's just what they want you to think.
For electromagnetic shielding, you want something that is highly conductive. Lead is a poor conductor, so it wouldn't be very good (unless you cool it enough to become superconducting). Silver would be good, but is a bit expensive. Copper is almost as good, but still expensive, though not as much as silver. Aluminum is fairly good and readily available. I would suggest wrapping any electronics that you're worried about in aluminum foil.
That said, for this sort of event, just unplugging your electronics or using a good surge suppressor would be adequate.
What do you think that the airplane designers are doing? The aircraft industry is incredibly safety conscious. That's one of the reasons that everything is so expensive. The whole plane parachute is used on Cirrus airplanes and has saved some lives. Seats have been designed to protect people in impacts up to 26Gs. You can get seatbelts with airbags installed.
Every aircraft accident (at least in the U.S.) is investigated. The goal is to find out what caused the accident and how to prevent it. NASA has a program called ASRS which encourages pilots to report anything that might impact safety.
Please do a little research and see what is being done before accusing people of dragging their heels in the dirt.
I would also suggest reading "A Fire Upon the Deep" by Vernor Vinge. It's science fiction, but does actually talk a fair bit about data and communication security and ways of subverting systems. "A Deepness in the Sky" by the same author also covers similar themes.
And OS I to OS X.
I just pitched a t-shirt that mentioned OS 8.5, and I have used Mac OS 6, 7, 8, and 9.
PowerPC 74xx's
I remember that the 7400 was a quad two input NAND gate and the rest of the 74xx series was assorted other TTL logic gates. There were variants like the 74Sxx, 74LSxx, and others. There was also the 4xxx CMOS series, but the numbers didn't map, so 4000 was not a quad two input NAND gate. I think that there was also a 74xx variant 74Hxx(?) that was also CMOS, but used TTL logic levels. Now, a PowerPC built out of 74xx series chips would be quite the sight to see, especially if you wired it up to some blinkenlights.
I expect that it would be possible to write an OS in COBOL. It's not what *I* would choose to do with my spare time, but if it turns your crank, more power to you.
>'We knew that using a ribbon for Explorer would likely be met with skepticism by a set of power users, but there are clear benefits,' Simons said."
Benefits for the stupid perhaps.
Think about the people that you know who use computers. Now divide them into "skilled computer users" and "not skilled computer users". Which group has more people in it?
So? I know a 90 year old that's very adept at using a PC. She's even better at using a PC than her daughter is and the daughter is an engineer.
You don't need an iPad just because you are older than Methuseleh.
The thing that you're ignoring is that there are a lot more people who are not adept at using PCs, or just don't want to bother with them.
Come to think of it, I've never seen the two of them together. hmmm...