Maybe you haven't seen the SLA printer projects that use lasers or DLP such as LemonCurry for curing photopolymers? Feature sizes are often down to 1 micron per layer and only a few microns for X and Y.
Photopolymers are available in a wide range of properties that are tough enough for use as end products and not just product concept look-a-likes. Photopolymers for inkjet have also come a long way and are also used to create rigid and durable end products with features down to 25-50 microns. What you might be used to seeing are the FDM or FFF (fused filament fabrication) RepRap type printers that print with molten plastics with much lower resolution in the order of 0.3mm.
that anyone can do it. It doesn't require skills in operating a lathe, mill, grinder or other machine or hand tools. Anyone that can download a 3D file can then just press print and they will have an object. A sharp pointy object or printed parts that might be assembled into a firearm.
This the point people tend to miss when they compare 3D printing to a home workshop. The workshop requires skills developed over time and practice to fabricate something as complex as a firearm. Not everyone is capable of doing this. Unfortunately it is a minority these days. A 3D printer in the near future on the other hand will only require the operator to master downloading a 3D model and pressing the print button.
The prices of Photopolymers used in SLA type 3D printers has dropped to below the cost of PLA and ABS used in FDM printers and continues to drop. Photopolymers are dropping to under $10/kg in high volumes, so the costs of the materials are becoming less of an issue.
It's true that there are several open hardware printer projects for FDM type printers that focus mainly on printing with one material at a time such as RepRap or Open Source Photopolymer DLP 3D Printers such as LemonCurry
3D printers are also printing with more than one material and are already printing multilayer printed circuit boards with only fluids. Much of the development work in 3D printers recently has been from open hardwave projects vs the industry since many of the old patents have now expired.
There are also eoma68 cards in the works using the AMD Fusion APU's that will only use open source firmware so you won't have to settle for EFI or a closed BIOS as you have to with Intel.
I'm not sure where you get your info from about Rhombus but your either misinformed or just plain making it up. The market is mostly high volume OEM's that understand the advntage that Linux, low cost with the full performance they need for their products and markets. These OEM's are already lined up and working with the designs. They are also interested in the low costs due to volume pricing. The complete cards are lower cost than most OEM's are quoted pricing for just the SOC's and DDR3.
There is also an AMD G-Series EOMA68 card as well for about 1/3 the price of the $300 Atom module you mention that can run window$ as well. The AMD G-Series APU card will run circles around the Atom modules in performance as well plus offer 1-2 second boot times from power-on to login prompt since Intel has little to no coreboot support for their chipsets.
It's not for OEM's that live on hype and brainwashed customers that jump at the marketing gimmicks that lead them to believe they need to spend $800 for a near worthless tablet in order to be a good consumer.
A 10 year old child will plug the EOMA68 card into the EOMA68 slot in their device such as a netbook, set-top-box etc with the IO board already inside. This should also work for most 9, 7 or even 5 year old children depending on the development of their motor skills.
EOMA68 cards will also come pre-installed in products with integral IO boards.
There is also a Developer IO board and Developer EOMA68 card for people that like to dabble with hardware.
Linux can come pre-installed on the Flash in the EOMA68 card or on a SD-card a plugged into the EOMA68 SD card slot opposite the edge with the 68 pin connector.
Let me know if you need any further info or help with expansion board designs for the Pi. The Pi and the eoma68 cards aren't a competition. They are different types of products that have some overlapping applications.
Well you could power them via USB-otg and plug a keyboard into them directly using a USB wallplug power supply for ~$1.
But an I/O board itself for something like a desktop PC would only require a simple PCB ~$1, with TV encoder $0.50ea, RCA jack $0.15, RJ45 jack $0.50 and some passives $1 plus a power supply $2. So under $6 so far.
Add a SATA connector $0.20ea (if you want a HD), and some extra USB connectors for another $1 and larger power supply and you're still under $10 including a somple case.
Fell free to ask me for quotes and reference designs for any types of similar products.
The EOMA68 cards are not PCMCIA cards! They just happed to have the same footprint. The EOMA68 cards are the motherboard for devices like netbooks, laptops, set-top-boxes, carPC's etc etc. They don't plug into a PCMCIA slot as an accessory. They are the CPU, RAM, Flash, Ethernet, USB, SATA, SPI etc. etc. Controller/Host for the device they are plugged into.
The EOMA68 cards are COM "computer on modules" to allow OEM's to get to market faster without having to design a motherboard or develop Linux drivers. The OEM's just add a $3-$10 dollar I/O board with connectors with a simple 32bit ARM Cortex-M3 for $1 micro as an EC (embedded controller) such as an ST STM32. The main cost for the I/O boards are the connectors.
It's mostly used by developers to control CNC machines but it also includes support for non-Cartesian motion systems provided via custom kinematics modules. Available architectures include hexapods (Stewart platforms and similar concepts) and systems with rotary joints to provide motion such as PUMA or SCARA robots.
"We've simply decided that ASL2.0 is the right license for our goals."
The tablet bubble is already bursting but maybe bodhilinux or similar will be used for some future consumer applicances to avoid these probelms? http://bodhilinux.com/
Public school has already been that way for decades. There is no monitoring of how the teachers arrive at a students grade. It's heavily dependent on how much they like the student or how well the student conforms to their ideas of what should be rewarded. They don't even return graded work any longer since it might be used by next years class to "cheat".
There are a few silver nanoparticle inkjet inks on the market with very low resistance. ~0.2 ohm per square for water based and even lower for solvent based inks.
Don't be fooled and give them credit just for saying so. If they really wanted it copied in China they would release gerbers and the drill tool files. If they don't care then they could also post the schematic source files and the pcb layout files. This would save somebody the work of having to do it all over again. But as you notice there are no such publicly posted files.
Modules like these will support and industry of mass produced low cost devices that will interoperate with them. You'll be able to plug the cpu module into your desktop unit or set-top-box at home and surf the net, write stories, play games, hang out on-line, and so on. You'll also be able to take the module out of your desktop unit or set-top-box and plug it into your laptop unit and surf the net, write stories, play games, hang out on-line, and so on.
I imagine the reason that they reused the PCMCIA design is for reuse of the tooling for the case and also the durability of the connectors. The PCMCIA connectors have durability ratings of 10K insertions. Many card edge connectors have only a durability of 100-200 insertions. The simply made fascia plate keeps these new cards from being inserted into legacy sockets. The cpu card might be swapped from a laptop to a desktop, set-top-box, car PC, cluster rack, etc etc. You could make devices with a simple cover plate to keep the cpu module from being easily ejected if you wish. Devices such as laptops, set-top-boxes, etc might be easily upgraded to a newer or more powerful cpu or more RAM by simply swapping the cpu module.
There is a possibility that a design very similar to the BeagleBone will be spun with this new Embedded Open Modular Architecture/PCMCIA standard as well as other ARM soc designs. It will probably be at much lower cost than the BeagleBone $89 USD. http://beagleboard.org/bone
This new standard allows you to plug in whatever cpu module you wish that is compliant.
The Broadcom BCM2835 looks like the ARM SOC used by the Raspberry Pi. There isn't a link for its data sheet that I could find. So it looks like just another closed hardware ARM design.
Slashdot Mirror
$49 Cubieboard Allwinner A10 + 512M/1GB DDR3 , 4Gb Nand Flash, 10/100M Ethernet, HDMI, 2 USB Host, 1 micro SD slot, 1 SATA, 1 ir, 96 GPIO pins ncluding I2C, SPI, RGB/LVDS, CSI/TS, FM-IN, ADC, CVBS, VGA, SPDIF-OUT, R-TP
http://cubieboard.org/
£40 Allwinner A10 + 1GB RAM, 4Gb NAND, Wifi: 802.11 b/g/n, 3.5mm Earphone Jack, 1x Mini Usb, 1x Hdmi Out, Micro Sd slot,
http://gooseberry.atspace.co.uk/
$65.00 Allwinner A10 1GB RAM, 4GB NAND, 3.5mm microphone jack, 3.3v TTL 4-pin header, 2 x USB A 2.0, 10/100 Ethernet, Realtek 802.11n WiFi, HDMI up to 1080p, 3.5mm composite AV, 3.5mm component Y/Pb/Pr, SDHC card slot
https://www.miniand.com/products/Hackberry%20A10%20Developer%20Board
$89 Freescale i.MX6 Duallite, 1 GB DDR3, Audio, Optical S/PDI, HDMI, Camera interface, SD Slot, Serial, Expanison header GPIO, USB, USB OTG, GB-LAN, WiFi 802.11n, Bluetooth
http://wandboard.org/
$89 Exynos4412 1.7Ghz ARM Cortex-A9 Quad Core, 10/100Mbps Ethernet, 2 x High speed USB2.0 Host,HDMI, SD Slot, Headphone jack
http://www.hardkernel.com/renewal_2011/products/prdt_info.php
http://cubieboard.org/ and also on http://www.indiegogo.com/cubieboard
It uses the A10 and has more features. The A10 is a full featured version of the A13
1G ARM cortex-A8 processor, NEON, VFPv3, 256KB L2 cache
Mali400, OpenGL ES GPU
512M/1GB DDR3 @480MHz
HDMI 1080p Output
10/100M Ethernet
4Gb Nand Flash
2 USB Host, 1 micro SD slot, 1 SATA, 1 ir
96 extend pin including I2C, SPI, RGB/LVDS, CSI/TS, FM-IN, ADC, CVBS, VGA, SPDIF-OUT, R-TP..
Android, Ubuntu and other Linux distributions
Some of us would just visit the site daily without siging up until a couple of years later to be able to submit stories, post or moderate.
A Pic is here:
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/uk-paraplegic-woman-first-to-take-robotic-suit-home/article4517848/?cmpid=rss1
Maybe you haven't seen the SLA printer projects that use lasers or DLP such as LemonCurry for curing photopolymers? Feature sizes are often down to 1 micron per layer and only a few microns for X and Y.
Photopolymers are available in a wide range of properties that are tough enough for use as end products and not just product concept look-a-likes. Photopolymers for inkjet have also come a long way and are also used to create rigid and durable end products with features down to 25-50 microns. What you might be used to seeing are the FDM or FFF (fused filament fabrication) RepRap type printers that print with molten plastics with much lower resolution in the order of 0.3mm.
that anyone can do it. It doesn't require skills in operating a lathe, mill, grinder or other machine or hand tools. Anyone that can download a 3D file can then just press print and they will have an object. A sharp pointy object or printed parts that might be assembled into a firearm.
This the point people tend to miss when they compare 3D printing to a home workshop. The workshop requires skills developed over time and practice to fabricate something as complex as a firearm. Not everyone is capable of doing this. Unfortunately it is a minority these days. A 3D printer in the near future on the other hand will only require the operator to master downloading a 3D model and pressing the print button.
The prices of Photopolymers used in SLA type 3D printers has dropped to below the cost of PLA and ABS used in FDM printers and continues to drop. Photopolymers are dropping to under $10/kg in high volumes, so the costs of the materials are becoming less of an issue.
It's true that there are several open hardware printer projects for FDM type printers that focus mainly on printing with one material at a time such as
RepRap or Open Source Photopolymer DLP 3D Printers such as LemonCurry
3D printers are also printing with more than one material and are already printing multilayer printed circuit boards with only fluids. Much of the development work in 3D printers recently has been from open hardwave projects vs the industry since many of the old patents have now expired.
There are also eoma68 cards in the works using the AMD Fusion APU's that will only use open source firmware so you won't have to settle for EFI or a closed BIOS as you have to with Intel.
1ghz Dual-Core CPU with AMD Radeon HD 6250 GPU,
http://rhombus-tech.net./amd_g_series/
AMD APUs for Notebooks, Netbooks & Tablets
http://www.amd.com/US/PRODUCTS/NOTEBOOK/APU/Pages/tablet.aspx#3
AMD Embedded G-Series Platform
http://www.amd.com/us/products/embedded/processors/Pages/g-series.aspx
http://www.amd.com/us/Documents/49282_G-Series_platform_brief.pdf
I'm not sure where you get your info from about Rhombus but your either misinformed or just plain making it up. The market is mostly high volume OEM's that understand the advntage that Linux, low cost with the full performance they need for their products and markets. These OEM's are already lined up and working with the designs. They are also interested in the low costs due to volume pricing. The complete cards are lower cost than most OEM's are quoted pricing for just the SOC's and DDR3.
There is also an AMD G-Series EOMA68 card as well for about 1/3 the price of the $300 Atom module you mention that can run window$ as well. The AMD G-Series APU card will run circles around the Atom modules in performance as well plus offer 1-2 second boot times from power-on to login prompt since Intel has little to no coreboot support for their chipsets.
It's not for OEM's that live on hype and brainwashed customers that jump at the marketing gimmicks that lead them to believe they need to spend $800 for a near worthless tablet in order to be a good consumer.
A 10 year old child will plug the EOMA68 card into the EOMA68 slot in their device such as a netbook, set-top-box etc with the IO board already inside. This should also work for most 9, 7 or even 5 year old children depending on the development of their motor skills.
EOMA68 cards will also come pre-installed in products with integral IO boards.
There is also a Developer IO board and Developer EOMA68 card for people that like to dabble with hardware.
Linux can come pre-installed on the Flash in the EOMA68 card or on a SD-card a plugged into the EOMA68 SD card slot opposite the edge with the 68 pin connector.
Let me know if you need any further info or help with expansion board designs for the Pi. The Pi and the eoma68 cards aren't a competition. They are different types of products that have some overlapping applications.
Well you could power them via USB-otg and plug a keyboard into them directly using a USB wallplug power supply for ~$1.
But an I/O board itself for something like a desktop PC would only require a simple PCB ~$1, with TV encoder $0.50ea, RCA jack $0.15, RJ45 jack $0.50 and some passives $1 plus a power supply $2. So under $6 so far.
Add a SATA connector $0.20ea (if you want a HD), and some extra USB connectors for another $1 and larger power supply and you're still under $10 including a somple case.
Fell free to ask me for quotes and reference designs for any types of similar products.
The EOMA68 cards are not PCMCIA cards! They just happed to have the same footprint. The EOMA68 cards are the motherboard for devices like netbooks, laptops, set-top-boxes, carPC's etc etc. They don't plug into a PCMCIA slot as an accessory. They are the CPU, RAM, Flash, Ethernet, USB, SATA, SPI etc. etc. Controller/Host for the device they are plugged into.
The EOMA68 cards are COM "computer on modules" to allow OEM's to get to market faster without having to design a motherboard or develop Linux drivers. The OEM's just add a $3-$10 dollar I/O board with connectors with a simple 32bit ARM Cortex-M3 for $1 micro as an EC (embedded controller) such as an ST STM32. The main cost for the I/O boards are the connectors.
Much of this is already in LinuxCNC
http://www.linuxcnc.org/
It's mostly used by developers to control CNC machines but it also includes support for non-Cartesian motion systems provided via custom kinematics modules. Available architectures include hexapods (Stewart platforms and similar concepts) and systems with rotary joints to provide motion such as PUMA or SCARA robots.
http://linuxcnc.org/docs/html/man/man9/kins.9.html
http://linuxcnc.org/docs/html/motion_kinematics.html
We've use it to control some pretty complex robotic systems.
>
We said they hated our freedom, so to discourage them, we got rid of it.
That's it exactly!
Didn't people see this coming? Google chose Apache 2.0 for their reasons and goals for Android
http://source.android.com/source/licenses.html
"We've simply decided that ASL2.0 is the right license for our goals."
The tablet bubble is already bursting but maybe bodhilinux or similar will be used for some future consumer applicances to avoid these probelms?
http://bodhilinux.com/
Public school has already been that way for decades. There is no monitoring of how the teachers arrive at a students grade. It's heavily dependent on how much they like the student or how well the student conforms to their ideas of what should be rewarded. They don't even return graded work any longer since it might be used by next years class to "cheat".
How much current do you need to pass through your circuits?
http://onelabs.com/prntelec0000.htm has systems for even lower conductivity fluids.
There are a few silver nanoparticle inkjet inks on the market with very low resistance. ~0.2 ohm per square for water based and even lower for solvent based inks.
Don't be fooled and give them credit just for saying so. If they really wanted it copied in China they would release gerbers and the drill tool files. If they don't care then they could also post the schematic source files and the pcb layout files. This would save somebody the work of having to do it all over again. But as you notice there are no such publicly posted files.
Currently there are ARM Cortex A8 tablets with 7" LCD's using the $5.00 Allwinner A10 ARM soc on sale for ~120ea.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCvef9IYX0o
http://tabletrepublic.com/forum/cortex-a8-allwinner-a10/
The actual cost to build them is around $60 ea
Modules like these will support and industry of mass produced low cost devices that will interoperate with them. You'll be able to plug the cpu module into your desktop unit or set-top-box at home and surf the net, write stories, play games, hang out on-line, and so on. You'll also be able to take the module out of your desktop unit or set-top-box and plug it into your laptop unit and surf the net, write stories, play games, hang out on-line, and so on.
I imagine the reason that they reused the PCMCIA design is for reuse of the tooling for the case and also the durability of the connectors. The PCMCIA connectors have durability ratings of 10K insertions. Many card edge connectors have only a durability of 100-200 insertions. The simply made fascia plate keeps these new cards from being inserted into legacy sockets. The cpu card might be swapped from a laptop to a desktop, set-top-box, car PC, cluster rack, etc etc. You could make devices with a simple cover plate to keep the cpu module from being easily ejected if you wish. Devices such as laptops, set-top-boxes, etc might be easily upgraded to a newer or more powerful cpu or more RAM by simply swapping the cpu module.
There is a possibility that a design very similar to the BeagleBone will be spun with this new Embedded Open Modular Architecture/PCMCIA standard as well as other ARM soc designs. It will probably be at much lower cost than the BeagleBone $89 USD. http://beagleboard.org/bone
This new standard allows you to plug in whatever cpu module you wish that is compliant.
The Broadcom BCM2835 looks like the ARM SOC used by the Raspberry Pi. There isn't a link for its data sheet that I could find. So it looks like just another closed hardware ARM design.
The NetWinder was based on the DEC/Intel StrongARM 110. They had quite a nice desktop working back in 1999 along with a large developer community