>>(not that we've made heat-seeking missiles in ages)
AIM-9s and later versions are still in production and active use. I know that there are other infrared tracking missiles, but that was the first one that came to mind.
I believe that the previous poster was referring to the fact that early IR guided missiles needed a large heat source to track (pretty much you had to get behind a target airplane and aim it at the engine exhaust). But current IR guided missiles have much more capable seekers and act more akin to thermal imaging cameras (at least in terms of sensitivity) than simple "heat seekers".
Modern IR guided missiles (like the later revisions of the AIM-9) are "all aspect" missiles. You can aim them at any part of a target aircraft and they can track it. You don't have to point them at a significant heat source.
"There was no suggestion by either of the sources that the satellite had been purposely damaged as part of a terrorist attack"
If there was no suggestion of something... why mention it? Why raise the 'boogeyman' of terrorism for something unrelated to it, other then to reinforce the culture of fear created
Exactly. I'm sure neither source mentioned that it had been deliberately damaged as part of an extra terrestrial alien attack either, but they didn't mention that.
Maybe someone should start listing all the other types of attacks that didn't damage the satellite. (Start off with laser wielding shark...)
was grouchy over VentureStar getting canned also, thats why I'm somewhat optimistic about this.:)
That's ok, I'm grouchy that VentureStar got the DC-Y canned. (Which actually sounds like you might have been thinking of)
The DC-X -> DC-Y -> Delta Clipper was exactly the kind of evolving path you described as making sense. And the DC-X part was already built and doing flight testing.
But NASA picked the super hi-tech, long shot, all or nothing choice of Lockheed's VentureStar over McDonald Douglas's Delta Clipper. And the VentureStar, fairly predictably, was trickier to build and more expensive than forecast and NASA ended up with the "nothing" side of that bet.
There is something odd about the The Harry Potter boxed set by J.K. Rowling, it seems to come up a lot in my trials as a book I wouldn't want to read. (Ignoring the fact that I've read to pretty much enjoyed all the books so far)
It came up under searches for: * The Vor Game by Lois McMaster Bujold. * Kim by Rudyard Kipling * Startide rising by David Brin * The voyage of the Dawn Treader by C. S. Lewis * Harry Potter and the sorcerer's stone by J.K. Rowling
The first three I could see where there might not be huge overlap with the Harry Potter audience, but I would have expected more overlap with the fourth, and the fifth by definition overlaps. Odd.
Ignoring that oddity, the unsuggestions that were most obviously wrong for me were the ones for Castles of steel : Britain, Germany, and the winning of the Great War at sea by Robert K. Massie. It unsuggested:
16. Little house on the prairie by Laura Ingalls Wilder
42. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince by J.K. Rowling
62. Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
73. Good omens : the nice and accurate prophecies of Agnes Nutter, witch : a novel by Neil Gaiman
Actually, I'm right and you're misquoting. It's not "an entertainment experience" it's "our entertainement experience".
In any case, you seem to misunderstand the point of my criticism, that an HDMI output is not an experience.
No one would have been excluded from partipating in any part of the PS3 on the lower end model, even if they hadn't added the HDMI dongle. There are no games you wouldn't have been able to play and there are no movies you wouldn't have been able to watch.
Well true, if misleading. Don't any future HiDef Blueray movies that have the copy protection bits turned on revert to Standard Def if you don't have HDMI?
I'd say being stuck watching HiDef movies in Standard Def counts as being excluded from "our (Sony's) entertainement experience" After all, it's Sony's player, Sony's BluRay standard, and is a fair number of cases would be Sony's movie. And HiDef is certainly promoted as giving a better viewing experience that normal DVDs.
Ok, there is basically no chance of this getting noticed, a full day after this went live, but...
Politicians tend to ignore groups that don't vote. After all, if they don't have to worry about you voting them out of office, they don't need to cater to you.
Kind of like how politicians tend to avoid working on laws that appear to harm senior citizens. It's not because they love old people, its because the AARP is really good about getting out the vote for or against candidates they feel threaten them.
Even random votes (which I am not encouraging) show that you are willing to show up and be counted. It raises the possibility that next time you (and others like you) might well vote against the current winner. To mitigate against that the newly (re)elected politicians are more likely to focus at least some of their efforts on things that they can plausibly claim benefited people like you.
It might not be much, but it's more than they'd do for non-voters.
Imagine what would happen if 10% of the voters went for non-Democrat and non-Republican.
Look at the Virginia Senate race (which at this point appears to have party majority in the Senate riding on it) Webb (Democrat) 1,172,020 49.59% Allen (Republican - Incumbent) 1,165,109 49.30% Parker (Independent) 26,102 1.10% 99% of precincts reporting.
The independent vote, tiny as it is, is almost 4 times larger than margin between Webb and Allen.
Actually, if you could just replace the area lost in the Brazilian rain forest in the last 3 years, you'd do more than 20 Kyoto Accords put together. Trees are *extremely* efficient in this, and some trees that we've found that grow here in America can survive up to 20 centuries if taken care of.
Trees may be very good at sequestering carbon, but rain forest is pretty bad at it. Rain forests tend to be very high turnover even when healthy, which means that the sequester time is fairly short because as the trees and other vegetation dies they decays very rapidly.
In fact rain forests depend on that, without the rapid decay (which released the stored carbon) they don't have enough nutrients to feed the next generation of vegetation. Which is why farms that are clear cut out of rain forests fail so quickly. The soil is very poor, and clear cutting the forest removed the decay cycle that provides nutrients.
>I don't think there's a joke to be made here. I highly enjoyed the Silent Cartographer level; it was basically a showcase of Halo's gameplay.
I especially like how the cutscene of unlocking the door about half way through, when you see the sword wielding Elite step out, it actually interactive. If you left a Warthog with an NPC operating the gun in the hallway in front of that door, when the cut scene activated and the Elite stepped out, the Warthog gunner would open fire and you could watch the bullet impact on Elite's shield. (But if you weren't really careful about how you positioned the Warthog you'd come back and find the crew slaughtered.)
Well the Titanic I can do because it sank on tax day (April 15) two years before WWI (1914-2=1912).
But the others I don't have memorized. (The fact that the name of the 9/11 disaster includes most of the date will probably help future school children correctly memorize the day of the event)
A US Army 10,000 kW Nuclear reactor installed in an ex-WWII liberty ship, moored in Gatun Lake, in the Panama Canal. The reactor was used purely for electric generation for the surrounding area, and (AFAIK) didn't even provide power for ship propulsion.
Read further down in the article. The 1989 incident involved more advanced aircraft.
Even so, that hardly counts as the F-14 designed mission. One of the main reason it has the very long ranged AIM-54 missiles and equally long ranged radar was to allow an F-14 to, using afterburners and the range of its weapon systems, intercept soviet bomber aircraft far enough away from the Carrier battle group to shoot them down before the soviet bomber reached the effective range of their air launched, supersonic, nuclear armed, anti-ship cruise missiles. Basically racing the soviets to see who could get into missile range first.
Taking on a attacks by Soviet Badger, supersonic Blinder, and later, more capable supersonic Backfire bombers and keeping the carrier battle group from turning into a mushroom cloud.
Shooting down a pair of Mig-23 Floggers isn't even in the same ballpark.
Considering that the F-14 is still the only airborne platform capable of delivering the AIM-54(someone can correct me if I am wrong, I don't keep up with the military stuff as much as I used to)
I believe you are correct that the F-14 was the only production fighter or interceptor to use the AIM-54 Phoenix missile. Although at least two other aircraft were designed for the missile that later evolved into the AIM-54, the GAR-9/AIM-47.
Those were the Mach 1.7 capable XF-108 Rapier and the Mach 3.2+ F-12, which was canceled in the prototype stage (as the YF-12), equipped with GAR-9/AIM-47 missiles in internal launch bays.
That's what I thought. Our local paper (in Virginia Beach) ran a full spread story on the Tomcat and made that specific comment about the "C" model -- that it was traditionally reserved for single-seat models. I was only reporting what I read
I can see where they might have thought that. The "C" model of most Air Force and Navy fighter aircraft is a single seat model; but only because most Air Force and Navy fighter aircraft are single seat aircraft.
Typically the "A" model is the first version of the fighter (F-15A, F/A-18A), The "B" model is the two seat trainer aircraft for the first version, (F-15B, F/A-18B) The "C" model is the 2nd gen version of the figher (so single seat), (F-15C, F/A-18C), The "D" if it is the 2nd gen version of the trainer, (F-15D, F/A-18D) But in the F-15 for example, the "E" model is odd. It is a two seat version optimized for ground attack. In the F/A-18, the "E" model is the single seat version of the "Super Hornet" a larger and newer version of the plane. and the "F" model is the two seat trainer for the "Super Hornet"
Funny, I've had TiVo over 4.5 years and I don't recall ever losing any features in an update. More urban legends. Quite the contrary, my units keep getting new features.
I can think of three unsupported "hack" features that were removed in TiVo software updates, and one futher from the DirecTV DVR with TiVo.
The hack features were: TeachTiVo: With the backdoor code enabled (unsupported) there was an ability to directly view and modify the Thumbs Up/Down data for programs, show types, actors, directors, etc. (Most of this data is generated indirectly when a show is given a thumbs up or down)
Sort by experation date: When the sorting feature was changed from a hidden code to mainstream functionality one of the three existin sort types was removed (the ability to order the shows so that the show that would be deleted first when the TiVo ran out of space was at the top of the Now Playing List.)
Advanced Wishlists: The ability to group multiple wishlist criterial into a single wishlist and the support for OR matching in adition to the default AND matching.
However none of this functionality was supported and special codes (similar to game cheat codes) had to be used to enable it.
On the DirecTV DRV with TiVo, as part of the rebranding from TiVo to DirecTV, the TiVo startup animation was removed, and with it the TiVo button + 0 code to cause the animation to play from the menu without restarting.
But I can't recall a single supported feature that TiVo has removed from the software, and they have continued to add new features and distributed them for free to subcribed customers.
It's god damned terrorists, I tell you. They're trying to take out all our satellite communications. How better to strike at the heart of Americans than to deprive them of their DirecTV, their Dish, they're Cable TV*. Oh, this is truly despicable.
Honestly, I know cable TV isn't popular with some people. But is that any reason to call Cable TV terrorists?
Not in the same place?!? Aren't these two different topics? Yes, it helps to know how to change BIOS settings when doing disaster prevention, but why would it logically be in this chapter?
Based on some of the text from the review, I think the article writer's chain of thought was something like: 1) Disaster recovery techniques are a good thing to practice before you have a disaster. 2) Appropriate boot CDs are a very useful technique for determining whether the problem is hardware or software, or for allowing internet research (when you don't have multiple computers) 3) To use boot CDs you have to figure out how to change the BIOS to boot from CD. 4) Therefore disaster recovery should explain how to change the BIOS settings (to allow booting from CDs)
But the complaint just listed the first half of (4). (1) was mentioned elsewhere, (2) was somewhat implied by the question about why the book didn't recommend making a linux boot CD. But (3) and the second half of (4) were left out; which made the complaint seem bizarre.
What's the difference from divers who forget to check how much O2 they have before they dive?
For one thing, recreational divers (those likelier to dive without checking how much air they have) are restricted to dive profiles that don't require any decompression stages.
So from any point in their dive they are ok to make an emergency no air accent to the surface. And as long as they remember to breath out while ascending they should be fine.
It's a bit harder to make a safe fuel out descent with a jet pack.:)
The simplicity of X.509? Is completly the other way around. PGP is simple:)
You probably never implemented a corporate PKI infrastructure. I myself love PKI (it's a freeking miracle I got married, I know) and have implemented or at least contributed in implementing several PKI's over the years. Simplicity is definitely not the first thing that comes to mind
Ah, but you are looking at it from the point of view of the administrator. Setting up PKI for X.509 is a royal pain. But from the end user's point of view (assuming you got it all working right) it just works.
They don't have to mess around with certificates or anything. All they have to know how to do it press the encrypt or sign options on the email before sending it. The email program plug-in will check the companies address book for all the public key certs it need to encrypt and it is the companies admins who are responsible for making sure that new hires get their keys and that the address book is up to date.
And when the user receives a message it is even simpler. They just open it. And unless an error occurs (decryption or signature failed, an expired / revoked key was used, etc.) after a moment the email just opens.
The user is (or should be) totally shielded from certificates, trust paths, revocation, etc. So there is a lot of work on the admins to make it simple for the users.
Now the downside is that some users need to communicate outside the company, and setting that up can be even harder for the admins, and frustrating for the users as they have to wait on the admins to get the appropriate certificates or cross certifications in place for it to work.
2. Worries about being stranded without a charge. Remember, the miles-per-day numbers are based on charging the car at night and driving it during the day without plugging in anywhere all day. If you can get a charge at your place of work, or a service station, a hotel, wherever, your range goes up. If you're still worried, check how many miles per day you drive - you'll likely be surprised to find out it's within the range of a typical EV.
This got me thinking about this whole thing. Charging overnight at home works great if you have a garage, the car and charger are out of the way and protected from the elements.
It's not too bad if you have a car port, you are still fairly close to the house and somewhat sheltered from the elements. A bit worse if you have a driveway that is next to the house, more exposure to elements, but still close enough to easily run the power to the car.
But what do you do if you live in a townhouse and the parking space is 50 to 200 feet from your door? Run an extension cord? Try to force the HOA to install charging deviced at the parking space?
Or how about a condo or apartment where you might be even further, or for some of the highrise style ones your car might be in an attached parking garage. Who payes to retrofit the parking garage with charging stations? Or a on campus dorm where the car might be in some parking lot a mile away.
The plan to charge your car up overnight every night seems to have some significant hurdles for many of the types of housing that exist. I know my daily driving range could be easily handled by a EV, but I don't know that I'd actually be able to charge it up nightly.
As a corollary, we could not build in a dependency on network bandwidth available to the DVR. All data transfer, including eventually video, would be handled through download.
Not true. More than once I've been up at 4 AM and noticed the Tivo had gone into record, reeling in a commercial hawking an upgraded Tivo box or someone else's product or service. Tivo regularly buys airtime early in the morning to broadcast and reel in their own program material.
They mean download rather than streaming. The overnight video broadcasts are a form of downloaded material, just not downloaded over the internet. (It is certainly not live streaming material).
Unless you happen to be watching something at 4am (actually I thought it first tries at 2am), you don't know that the TiVo is doing that. If you have something scheduled to record the TiVo grabs a later airing of that material. Eventually it either manages to record it and turns it into a showcase or menu entry (ad), or it failed to record it and skips that item.
But the user either sees all of the video played off the hard disk, or non of it. The TiVo isn't attempting to stream the video over a network while the user is watching it.
This was (is) the first case of open source software being validated, as opposed to a specific product.
Actually OpenSSL wasn't the first, and what was validated was a specific compiled binary version, however recompiling with the exact same source code would be covered under the rules for vendor porting of validate modules.
A couple examples: It allows 56-bit DES. These days, DES can be broken by modest levels of brute force, so it can only secure your data against people who have a modest level of interest. Or another: It guarantees key handling is done right, but once it's given you the key, do YOU handle it right?
To be fair, DES is being phased out. New products (as opposed to products that are already validated and are just have a modification revalidated) cannot have the DES algorithm validated, and every module that uses DES is require to state that DES is allowed for transitional use only and that DES will be withdrawn in May 2007.
Its not perfect, but as you pointed out FIPS 140-2 is a Federal Standard, so changes to it can be a tad slow:)
Personally, I'd get an abstract of FIPS, and then do a bit of legwork to make sure that the open source solution of your choice is protecting against relevant attacks that FIPS deals with. Make sure it's using a popular, well reviewed algorithm. Make sure it manages keys sanely. Make sure they're committed to a good review process to make sure future changes don't screw things up.
Even if you don't purchase a FIPS 140-2 validated product, it might be worthwhile to work with a FIPS 140-2 testing lab to have the algorithms tested. This is usually much cheaper than having the whole product validated, and at least proves that the product you bought implements the algorithm correctly. And with an open source product you can do this yourself, without having to involve the vendor like you would if you wanted this testing done on a closed source product.
I tried with IE6 and I didn't experience the bug. When I hovered over the test link IE identified it as javascript:StartTest(); and when I clicked on it nothing happened.
Of course, that is because I have javascript disabled for the Internet Zone. Amazing how many attacks that renders ineffective. (And also amazing how many websites use javascript for silly things like selecting the next page).
Could someone briefly explain why liquid kerosene and liquid oxygen are one of the preferred fuels for orbital rockets, at least for the first stage? I know the F-1 engine on the Saturn V used kerosene, but I never understood why; the J-2 engines on the second stage of the Saturn V used liquid hydrogen and LOX -- why the mix?
Liquid kerosene / LOX is more efficient energy per volume, while liquid hydrogen / LOX is more efferent energy storage per mass.
For 1st stage rockets that aren't going to burn for very long, the reduced tank volume possible with kerosene / LOX can be enough of a total weight savings to offset the lower ISP and greater mass of kerosene / LOX over hydrogen / LOX.
On upper stages, where you are going to carry the fuel higher, and burn the engines longer, the mass efficiencies and higher ISP of hydrogen / LOX win out.
Hence the Saturn V switched fuels as it went through its stages.
Slashdot Mirror
Modern IR guided missiles (like the later revisions of the AIM-9) are "all aspect" missiles. You can aim them at any part of a target aircraft and they can track it. You don't have to point them at a significant heat source.
Exactly. I'm sure neither source mentioned that it had been deliberately damaged as part of an extra terrestrial alien attack either, but they didn't mention that.
Maybe someone should start listing all the other types of attacks that didn't damage the satellite. (Start off with laser wielding shark...)
The DC-X -> DC-Y -> Delta Clipper was exactly the kind of evolving path you described as making sense. And the DC-X part was already built and doing flight testing.
But NASA picked the super hi-tech, long shot, all or nothing choice of Lockheed's VentureStar over McDonald Douglas's Delta Clipper. And the VentureStar, fairly predictably, was trickier to build and more expensive than forecast and NASA ended up with the "nothing" side of that bet.
There is something odd about the The Harry Potter boxed set by J.K. Rowling, it seems to come up a lot in my trials as a book I wouldn't want to read. (Ignoring the fact that I've read to pretty much enjoyed all the books so far)
It came up under searches for:
* The Vor Game by Lois McMaster Bujold.
* Kim by Rudyard Kipling
* Startide rising by David Brin
* The voyage of the Dawn Treader by C. S. Lewis
* Harry Potter and the sorcerer's stone by J.K. Rowling
The first three I could see where there might not be huge overlap with the Harry Potter audience, but I would have expected more overlap with the fourth, and the fifth by definition overlaps. Odd.
Ignoring that oddity, the unsuggestions that were most obviously wrong for me were the ones for Castles of steel : Britain, Germany, and the winning of the Great War at sea by Robert K. Massie.
It unsuggested:
16. Little house on the prairie by Laura Ingalls Wilder
42. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince by J.K. Rowling
62. Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
73. Good omens : the nice and accurate prophecies of Agnes Nutter, witch : a novel by Neil Gaiman
All of which I've enjoyed, especially the last.
I'd say being stuck watching HiDef movies in Standard Def counts as being excluded from "our (Sony's) entertainement experience" After all, it's Sony's player, Sony's BluRay standard, and is a fair number of cases would be Sony's movie. And HiDef is certainly promoted as giving a better viewing experience that normal DVDs.
Ok, there is basically no chance of this getting noticed, a full day after this went live, but...
Politicians tend to ignore groups that don't vote. After all, if they don't have to worry about you voting them out of office, they don't need to cater to you.
Kind of like how politicians tend to avoid working on laws that appear to harm senior citizens. It's not because they love old people, its because the AARP is really good about getting out the vote for or against candidates they feel threaten them.
Even random votes (which I am not encouraging) show that you are willing to show up and be counted. It raises the possibility that next time you (and others like you) might well vote against the current winner. To mitigate against that the newly (re)elected politicians are more likely to focus at least some of their efforts on things that they can plausibly claim benefited people like you.
It might not be much, but it's more than they'd do for non-voters.
Look at the Virginia Senate race (which at this point appears to have party majority in the Senate riding on it)
Webb (Democrat) 1,172,020 49.59%
Allen (Republican - Incumbent) 1,165,109 49.30%
Parker (Independent) 26,102 1.10%
99% of precincts reporting.
The independent vote, tiny as it is, is almost 4 times larger than margin between Webb and Allen.
In fact rain forests depend on that, without the rapid decay (which released the stored carbon) they don't have enough nutrients to feed the next generation of vegetation.
Which is why farms that are clear cut out of rain forests fail so quickly. The soil is very poor, and clear cutting the forest removed the decay cycle that provides nutrients.
>I don't think there's a joke to be made here. I highly enjoyed the Silent Cartographer level; it was basically a showcase of Halo's gameplay.
I especially like how the cutscene of unlocking the door about half way through, when you see the sword wielding Elite step out, it actually interactive. If you left a Warthog with an NPC operating the gun in the hallway in front of that door, when the cut scene activated and the Elite stepped out, the Warthog gunner would open fire and you could watch the bullet impact on Elite's shield.
(But if you weren't really careful about how you positioned the Warthog you'd come back and find the crew slaughtered.)
Well the Titanic I can do because it sank on tax day (April 15) two years before WWI (1914-2=1912).
But the others I don't have memorized. (The fact that the name of the 9/11 disaster includes most of the date will probably help future school children correctly memorize the day of the event)
Don't forget the USS Sturgis (about 3/4 of the way down the page) http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/nuclear/page/nuc_reac tors/superla.html
A US Army 10,000 kW Nuclear reactor installed in an ex-WWII liberty ship, moored in Gatun Lake, in the Panama Canal. The reactor was used purely for electric generation for the surrounding area, and (AFAIK) didn't even provide power for ship propulsion.
Taking on a attacks by Soviet Badger, supersonic Blinder, and later, more capable supersonic Backfire bombers and keeping the carrier battle group from turning into a mushroom cloud.
Shooting down a pair of Mig-23 Floggers isn't even in the same ballpark.
Those were the Mach 1.7 capable XF-108 Rapier and the Mach 3.2+ F-12, which was canceled in the prototype stage (as the YF-12), equipped with GAR-9/AIM-47 missiles in internal launch bays.
Typically the "A" model is the first version of the fighter (F-15A, F/A-18A),
The "B" model is the two seat trainer aircraft for the first version, (F-15B, F/A-18B)
The "C" model is the 2nd gen version of the figher (so single seat), (F-15C, F/A-18C),
The "D" if it is the 2nd gen version of the trainer, (F-15D, F/A-18D)
But in the F-15 for example, the "E" model is odd. It is a two seat version optimized for ground attack.
In the F/A-18, the "E" model is the single seat version of the "Super Hornet" a larger and newer version of the plane. and the "F" model is the two seat trainer for the "Super Hornet"
The hack features were:
TeachTiVo: With the backdoor code enabled (unsupported) there was an ability to directly view and modify the Thumbs Up/Down data for programs, show types, actors, directors, etc. (Most of this data is generated indirectly when a show is given a thumbs up or down)
Sort by experation date: When the sorting feature was changed from a hidden code to mainstream functionality one of the three existin sort types was removed (the ability to order the shows so that the show that would be deleted first when the TiVo ran out of space was at the top of the Now Playing List.)
Advanced Wishlists: The ability to group multiple wishlist criterial into a single wishlist and the support for OR matching in adition to the default AND matching.
However none of this functionality was supported and special codes (similar to game cheat codes) had to be used to enable it.
On the DirecTV DRV with TiVo, as part of the rebranding from TiVo to DirecTV, the TiVo startup animation was removed, and with it the TiVo button + 0 code to cause the animation to play from the menu without restarting.
But I can't recall a single supported feature that TiVo has removed from the software, and they have continued to add new features and distributed them for free to subcribed customers.
1) Disaster recovery techniques are a good thing to practice before you have a disaster.
2) Appropriate boot CDs are a very useful technique for determining whether the problem is hardware or software, or for allowing internet research (when you don't have multiple computers)
3) To use boot CDs you have to figure out how to change the BIOS to boot from CD.
4) Therefore disaster recovery should explain how to change the BIOS settings (to allow booting from CDs)
But the complaint just listed the first half of (4). (1) was mentioned elsewhere, (2) was somewhat implied by the question about why the book didn't recommend making a linux boot CD. But (3) and the second half of (4) were left out; which made the complaint seem bizarre.
So from any point in their dive they are ok to make an emergency no air accent to the surface. And as long as they remember to breath out while ascending they should be fine.
It's a bit harder to make a safe fuel out descent with a jet pack.
But from the end user's point of view (assuming you got it all working right) it just works.
They don't have to mess around with certificates or anything. All they have to know how to do it press the encrypt or sign options on the email before sending it.
The email program plug-in will check the companies address book for all the public key certs it need to encrypt and it is the companies admins who are responsible for making sure that new hires get their keys and that the address book is up to date.
And when the user receives a message it is even simpler. They just open it. And unless an error occurs (decryption or signature failed, an expired / revoked key was used, etc.) after a moment the email just opens.
The user is (or should be) totally shielded from certificates, trust paths, revocation, etc. So there is a lot of work on the admins to make it simple for the users.
Now the downside is that some users need to communicate outside the company, and setting that up can be even harder for the admins, and frustrating for the users as they have to wait on the admins to get the appropriate certificates or cross certifications in place for it to work.
Charging overnight at home works great if you have a garage, the car and charger are out of the way and protected from the elements.
It's not too bad if you have a car port, you are still fairly close to the house and somewhat sheltered from the elements. A bit worse if you have a driveway that is next to the house, more exposure to elements, but still close enough to easily run the power to the car.
But what do you do if you live in a townhouse and the parking space is 50 to 200 feet from your door? Run an extension cord? Try to force the HOA to install charging deviced at the parking space?
Or how about a condo or apartment where you might be even further, or for some of the highrise style ones your car might be in an attached parking garage. Who payes to retrofit the parking garage with charging stations?
Or a on campus dorm where the car might be in some parking lot a mile away.
The plan to charge your car up overnight every night seems to have some significant hurdles for many of the types of housing that exist. I know my daily driving range could be easily handled by a EV, but I don't know that I'd actually be able to charge it up nightly.
Unless you happen to be watching something at 4am (actually I thought it first tries at 2am), you don't know that the TiVo is doing that. If you have something scheduled to record the TiVo grabs a later airing of that material. Eventually it either manages to record it and turns it into a showcase or menu entry (ad), or it failed to record it and skips that item.
But the user either sees all of the video played off the hard disk, or non of it. The TiVo isn't attempting to stream the video over a network while the user is watching it.
But another example of a validate OpenSource product is the Wei Dai crypto libraries:
Cert #343 http://cs-www.ncsl.nist.gov/cryptval/140-1/1401va
Cert #562 http://cs-www.ncsl.nist.gov/cryptval/140-1/1401va
Admittedly, these are nowhere near as well known, or as widely used as OpenSSL.
Its not perfect, but as you pointed out FIPS 140-2 is a Federal Standard, so changes to it can be a tad slow
Also, as part of FIPS 140-2 each supported algorithm is objectively tested for its ability to correctly perform a variety of tasks on a variety of data. Here are the various validated algorithm lists. http://cs-www.ncsl.nist.gov/cryptval/vallists.htm
For example OpenSSL has AES algorithm certificate #146
http://cs-www.ncsl.nist.gov/cryptval/aes/aesval.h
Even if you don't purchase a FIPS 140-2 validated product, it might be worthwhile to work with a FIPS 140-2 testing lab to have the algorithms tested. This is usually much cheaper than having the whole product validated, and at least proves that the product you bought implements the algorithm correctly. And with an open source product you can do this yourself, without having to involve the vendor like you would if you wanted this testing done on a closed source product.
I tried with IE6 and I didn't experience the bug. When I hovered over the test link IE identified it as javascript:StartTest(); and when I clicked on it nothing happened.
Of course, that is because I have javascript disabled for the Internet Zone. Amazing how many attacks that renders ineffective. (And also amazing how many websites use javascript for silly things like selecting the next page).
For 1st stage rockets that aren't going to burn for very long, the reduced tank volume possible with kerosene / LOX can be enough of a total weight savings to offset the lower ISP and greater mass of kerosene / LOX over hydrogen / LOX.
On upper stages, where you are going to carry the fuel higher, and burn the engines longer, the mass efficiencies and higher ISP of hydrogen / LOX win out.
Hence the Saturn V switched fuels as it went through its stages.