But $35 vs. $100 is not a meaningful comparison; a minimal RPi kit costs about $70 (with enclosure, power supply, and an sd card that can handle lots of small files), and that's still without keyboard, mouse, and hdmi cable.
How much would one of those $100 SBCs cost including periphrals?
" Phosphor glows for a few seconds after the electrons hit it. I"
The energy emitted in the afterglow is only a fraction of a percent of what's emitted in the first millisecond. Phosphor is a bit of a weird name since CRT phosphors show fluorescence rather than phosphorescence, except maybe the amber and green CRTs of the 1980s.
With RGB color CRTs, you could wave your hand in front of them and see stroboscopic silhouettes, not blurred out streaks.
"It is a very safe bet that they are using it at exactly the same resolution."
Even if the EUV tool has the same resolution (theoretical upper limit is 41 nm pitch for parallel lines for EUV exposure at NA 0.33 and 13.5 nm wavelength; 71 nm pitch or so for 193 nm at NA 1.35), the resulting feature size in the chip is hugely dependent on the (etching and deposition) process that follows. Intel/TSMC/Samsung have specialized in very different processes. It's amazing how process techniques can result in features much smaller than the exposure pattern you started with.
"given the megawatt or so they pump into the optics"
According to ASML's reports last summer, the EUV source outputs 250 W. Are you talking about electrical power?
I think you misunderstood me. It is optically impossible to image an extended light source onto a point, no matter how many fancy lens and mirror elements you combine.
"[Etendue] is the product of the area of the source and the solid angle that the system's entrance pupil subtends as seen from the source. (...) Etendue is important because it never decreases in any optical system where optical power is conserved. A perfect optical system produces an image with the same etendue as the source." - https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wik...
Extra mirror elements would allow you to image sun spots and coronal discharge onto the earth's surface with low aberrations, but that's not what you'd use this system for; it would actually be undesirable if a car driver suddenly finds themselves in the dark as they enter a sun spot.
I'd guess that it's hard to optically read tracks that are spaced at a micrometer apart from each other when all 10000 tracks across the width of the tape need to be read in parallel. If you look at the read/writd head in a dvd player, you see that it's about a centimeter for the lens and the suspension around it, and it can only read one track at a time.
You'd also need a tape substrate that is opticaly clear, thin, and still strong and capable of preventing the data carrying chemicals from degradation.
Lightweight/embedded linux systems actually often use Dropbear ssh server. From a quick google, I get the impression that Dropbear doesn't use libssh, though.
Regarding focusing: even with a perfectly shaped mirror, you can't circumvent the fact that the sun is not a point source. Sun diameter D=1.4e+9 m, sun distance L=1.5e+11 m, geostationary orbit distance R=3.6e+7 m. The spot at the earth surface will have a minimum diameter D R/L=340 km, for ideal optics. The claimed diameter of 10 to 80 km is physically impossible from geostationary orbit. They would need to use low-earth orbit, about 1000 km altitude, which would require multiple satellites to illuminate a single town throughout the night.
By the way, the difference between an ideal focusing mirror and a flat mirror is negligible for illumination purposes. For a 200 m diameter mirror, it would add another 0.2 km to the spot size if it's flat rather than paraboloid.
Stenotype output uses latin alphabet, but that's about it. You can't read stenotype without training and it's ambiguous due to it being mostly "approximated phonetic". The word "example" becomes "KP A PL PL". Steno at 200 WPM versus QWERTY at 80 WPH is apples/oranges. If the judge needs to read a transcript of a dialogue, the stenotyper will need to transcribe the transcript.
The feed conversion ratio typically compares dry weight of feed to gross live weight of the animal. If you'd compare by nutrients, the numbers can be 3x worse because of water, bones, and intestines. Even for poultry it'd be better to eat the poultry feed directly instead of converting it into chicken.
Most screens are polarized at 45 degrees, so they work with polarizing sunglasses (which transmit vertically polarized light) both in landscape and portrait orientation. Not sure though whether it's standardized to 45 deg to the left or to the right.
I believe that generally neither the failed nor the successful attempts/counter actions are made public. We only occasionally hear about terrorist attacks that were prevented by the Dutch secret service and hardly ever about actual affairs with diplomatic consequences.
"The Korean have absolutely no advantage. Their script is a syllable script just like Hiragana/Katakana, albeit they have more syllables."
AFAIK Korean (Hangul) is an alphabetic system, just with the "letters" stacked to form a syllabic character that superficially resembles a Chinese character. You only need to memorize 24 "letters" to read and pronounce it.
Those Russian spies were busted in the Netherlands while they were using a directional wifi antenna e in a car parked next to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons building in April, a month after Skripal was murdered with - likely - Russian nerve gas. Apparently, a lot of talking between Russia and Netherlands happened behind the scenes. It's only because the US was going to go public yesterday that the Dutch authorities decided to disclose what happened in April. Otherwise we would never have heard of this.
In thermal properties it's not different from most other white materials or white paint: they absorb and emit well in the thermal infrared range (5 to 15 micrometers) and reflect well in the visible and near-IR (400 nm to 1500 nm). Even plain white paper would do the job. The effect of this fancy coating is possibly a marginal improvement in the 1500-2500 nm range, but sunlight does not carry that much energy in that range.
The opposite is much harder: absorb sunlight but don't emit or absorb thermal infrared. That's what you need for solar water heating. It can be done (silicon layers on top of reflective metal) but it is expensive and sensitive to contamination.
Most likely it will be policed like how they deal running (biking) red lights and malfunctioning bike lights. Occasional police traps where everyone who's caught (by not noticing the very visible cops in time) gets fined. When they do red-light checks in my town it occasionally lead to severe traffic jams since the light timings are not at all designed to cope with the rush-hour bike traffic if everyone actually stops.
But at least it sets a standard... that you look around for cops while making traffic infractions. That you pay more attention to the traffic around you in the process is a nice side effect.
I had to search for that elephant (in my defense: phone screen). It was a minature elephant floating in the air (no cues in perspectives to estimate the distance other than 'between person and camera), unnaturally dark compared to its surroundings. In the context of detecting objects in traffic, it's li'ke being confronted with a miniature building flying in front of you without any data to estimate whether it is 10 cm and above the hood or 10 m and at 100 m distance.
You'd need three sufficiently different training sets to do that. Either split the original training set in three and have three inferior systems, or find a lot of new training data which you could use for improving the original system.
They could use an angle grinder to damage/remove the faulty B pillar in a way that could not be covered up. The reason for fully scrapping (if that's really the plan) must be more complicated.
Slashdot Mirror
But $35 vs. $100 is not a meaningful comparison; a minimal RPi kit costs about $70 (with enclosure, power supply, and an sd card that can handle lots of small files), and that's still without keyboard, mouse, and hdmi cable.
How much would one of those $100 SBCs cost including periphrals?
I suppose that you also use rulers that start at 1 cm or 1 inch?
" Phosphor glows for a few seconds after the electrons hit it. I"
The energy emitted in the afterglow is only a fraction of a percent of what's emitted in the first millisecond. Phosphor is a bit of a weird name since CRT phosphors show fluorescence rather than phosphorescence, except maybe the amber and green CRTs of the 1980s.
With RGB color CRTs, you could wave your hand in front of them and see stroboscopic silhouettes, not blurred out streaks.
"theoretical upper limit is *21* nm pitch for parallel lines for EUV exposure at NA 0.33 and 13.5 nm wavelength; "
Sorry, forgot a factor 2. There, FTFM.
"It is a very safe bet that they are using it at exactly the same resolution."
Even if the EUV tool has the same resolution (theoretical upper limit is 41 nm pitch for parallel lines for EUV exposure at NA 0.33 and 13.5 nm wavelength; 71 nm pitch or so for 193 nm at NA 1.35), the resulting feature size in the chip is hugely dependent on the (etching and deposition) process that follows. Intel/TSMC/Samsung have specialized in very different processes. It's amazing how process techniques can result in features much smaller than the exposure pattern you started with.
"given the megawatt or so they pump into the optics"
According to ASML's reports last summer, the EUV source outputs 250 W. Are you talking about electrical power?
"or heck, even 50cc scooters - they are far cheaper than the equivalent motor vehicles."
They're also far worse than cars in terms of per-km emissions other than CO2.
http://publications.tno.nl/pub... (2nd half of the report is in English.)
I think you misunderstood me. It is optically impossible to image an extended light source onto a point, no matter how many fancy lens and mirror elements you combine.
"[Etendue] is the product of the area of the source and the solid angle that the system's entrance pupil subtends as seen from the source. (...) Etendue is important because it never decreases in any optical system where optical power is conserved. A perfect optical system produces an image with the same etendue as the source." - https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wik...
Extra mirror elements would allow you to image sun spots and coronal discharge onto the earth's surface with low aberrations, but that's not what you'd use this system for; it would actually be undesirable if a car driver suddenly finds themselves in the dark as they enter a sun spot.
I'd guess that it's hard to optically read tracks that are spaced at a micrometer apart from each other when all 10000 tracks across the width of the tape need to be read in parallel. If you look at the read/writd head in a dvd player, you see that it's about a centimeter for the lens and the suspension around it, and it can only read one track at a time.
You'd also need a tape substrate that is opticaly clear, thin, and still strong and capable of preventing the data carrying chemicals from degradation.
Lightweight/embedded linux systems actually often use Dropbear ssh server. From a quick google, I get the impression that Dropbear doesn't use libssh, though.
Regarding focusing: even with a perfectly shaped mirror, you can't circumvent the fact that the sun is not a point source. Sun diameter D=1.4e+9 m, sun distance L=1.5e+11 m, geostationary orbit distance R=3.6e+7 m. The spot at the earth surface will have a minimum diameter D R/L=340 km, for ideal optics. The claimed diameter of 10 to 80 km is physically impossible from geostationary orbit. They would need to use low-earth orbit, about 1000 km altitude, which would require multiple satellites to illuminate a single town throughout the night.
By the way, the difference between an ideal focusing mirror and a flat mirror is negligible for illumination purposes. For a 200 m diameter mirror, it would add another 0.2 km to the spot size if it's flat rather than paraboloid.
Stenotype output uses latin alphabet, but that's about it. You can't read stenotype without training and it's ambiguous due to it being mostly "approximated phonetic". The word "example" becomes "KP A PL PL". Steno at 200 WPM versus QWERTY at 80 WPH is apples/oranges. If the judge needs to read a transcript of a dialogue, the stenotyper will need to transcribe the transcript.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wik...
The feed conversion ratio typically compares dry weight of feed to gross live weight of the animal. If you'd compare by nutrients, the numbers can be 3x worse because of water, bones, and intestines. Even for poultry it'd be better to eat the poultry feed directly instead of converting it into chicken.
Most screens are polarized at 45 degrees, so they work with polarizing sunglasses (which transmit vertically polarized light) both in landscape and portrait orientation. Not sure though whether it's standardized to 45 deg to the left or to the right.
I believe that generally neither the failed nor the successful attempts/counter actions are made public. We only occasionally hear about terrorist attacks that were prevented by the Dutch secret service and hardly ever about actual affairs with diplomatic consequences.
Correction: *attempted * murder of Skripal. It was someone else who died of the nerve agent.
"caught red handed in Sweden,"
Netherlands, not Sweden.
"The Korean have absolutely no advantage. Their script is a syllable script just like Hiragana/Katakana, albeit they have more syllables."
AFAIK Korean (Hangul) is an alphabetic system, just with the "letters" stacked to form a syllabic character that superficially resembles a Chinese character. You only need to memorize 24 "letters" to read and pronounce it.
Those Russian spies were busted in the Netherlands while they were using a directional wifi antenna e in a car parked next to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons building in April, a month after Skripal was murdered with - likely - Russian nerve gas. Apparently, a lot of talking between Russia and Netherlands happened behind the scenes. It's only because the US was going to go public yesterday that the Dutch authorities decided to disclose what happened in April. Otherwise we would never have heard of this.
In thermal properties it's not different from most other white materials or white paint: they absorb and emit well in the thermal infrared range (5 to 15 micrometers) and reflect well in the visible and near-IR (400 nm to 1500 nm). Even plain white paper would do the job. The effect of this fancy coating is possibly a marginal improvement in the 1500-2500 nm range, but sunlight does not carry that much energy in that range.
The opposite is much harder: absorb sunlight but don't emit or absorb thermal infrared. That's what you need for solar water heating. It can be done (silicon layers on top of reflective metal) but it is expensive and sensitive to contamination.
Most likely it will be policed like how they deal running (biking) red lights and malfunctioning bike lights. Occasional police traps where everyone who's caught (by not noticing the very visible cops in time) gets fined. When they do red-light checks in my town it occasionally lead to severe traffic jams since the light timings are not at all designed to cope with the rush-hour bike traffic if everyone actually stops.
But at least it sets a standard ... that you look around for cops while making traffic infractions. That you pay more attention to the traffic around you in the process is a nice side effect.
And that's how you end up with devices like Fitbit, which report "calories burned" with very little correlation with reality.
That Road Runner tunnel accident was a hoax. https://www.snopes.com/fact-ch...
I had to search for that elephant (in my defense: phone screen). It was a minature elephant floating in the air (no cues in perspectives to estimate the distance other than 'between person and camera), unnaturally dark compared to its surroundings. In the context of detecting objects in traffic, it's li'ke being confronted with a miniature building flying in front of you without any data to estimate whether it is 10 cm and above the hood or 10 m and at 100 m distance.
You'd need three sufficiently different training sets to do that. Either split the original training set in three and have three inferior systems, or find a lot of new training data which you could use for improving the original system.
They could use an angle grinder to damage/remove the faulty B pillar in a way that could not be covered up. The reason for fully scrapping (if that's really the plan) must be more complicated.
Could you explain this statement? I googled a bit, but it doesn't seem like this is a commonly held opinion.