With the caption of "Copyright 2001 Associated Press. All right reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed." and the numerous ads, why did that not seem right. I don't doubt that Excite is one of those 14 ISPs.
However the article does a damn good job of assesing the situation of the net today. It is just to corrupt...too censored. The net isn't pure, its too corrupted by competition. Do we need all these graphics and flash intros?
It gives me uncalculable pleasure when I find a university site that has no purpose other than to share.
Some how I just linked the commercialization of the net to the open source/linux movement...I think I need sleep.
Figuring that Excite got/.'ed here:
"Astronomers Celebrate Reliable Measure of Dark Matter
By Heather Sparks
Staff Writer
posted: 12:48 pm ET
29 October 2001
Scientists are closer than ever to balancing the
checkbook of cosmic matter. This is because two recent independent measurements of normal matter in the universe are in agreement. The results further strengthen the case for the Big Bang theory and for the nature of the universe as astronomers understand it today.
The universe contains normal atomic matter, what makes you, your dog, the stars, and everything in between. Normal matter is what Carl Sagan was talking about when he said we are all star-stuff.
But in addition to star-stuff, there is invisible dark matter that is known only because the universe is denser than normal matter alone, as evidenced by how structures, like clusters of galaxies, are bound together by gravity. Even individual galaxies don't have enough normal matter in them -- that which can be directly detected -- to keep them from simply flying apart.
Now, through different measurements of conditions existing at the very start of time, astronomers are beginning to see the light.
"There is more than one way of measuring the total amount of matter in the universe," said astronomer Brian Fields from the Center for Theoretical Astrophysics at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. "And if you have an idea of how much normal stuff there is to all the universe, then you know how much other stuff there is, too." Creation of normal matter
All the "normal stuff" is thought to have been made in two steps, one occurring when the universe was roughly three minutes old, and the other some 300,000 years later.
According to the leading theory, an enormous nuclear explosion called the Big Bang happened 13 billion to 15 billion years ago. From it, the universe appeared in an instant, but as a billion-degree mess of neutrons, protons and electrons. The explosion was so energetic that nothing could come together close enough, for long enough, to form atoms. But the universe expanded and cooled so rapidly that within three minutes protons and neutrons bonded in twos and fours, and formed all the atomic nuclei in the universe. This Big Bang Nucleosynthesis determined how much normal matter would ever exist.
Just how much matter that was can be estimated from observing the most recently formed stars and galaxies, because they are fueled by the hydrogen atoms formed from those original nuclei of twos.
Fields explained that young stars, like our Sun, are just now fusing that original hydrogen into helium whereas older stars fuse helium into oxygen and iron. Because the hydrogen fuel has not been converted, scientists are able to measure the proportion of original normal matter to dark matter.
"Stars change the amount of hydrogen and helium in the universe," he said, "and we want to know what the Big Bang did. So we have to find places where pollution from stars is minimal" to estimate the original amounts of normal and dark matter.
But before any stars could form, hydrogen atoms had to exist. This took 300,000 years after the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis the universe had to cool down enough so that electrons could bind with the nuclei.
Once this happened, there was a curious side effect: the creation of light in the Universe. Unbound electrons scattered the UV radiation from the Big Bang, but once the electrons were bound, the radiation was allowed uniform movement, thus, light was finally released in the young cosmos.
This light has existed since then, travelling along the edge of the universe, stretching and weakening into a still measurable microwave radiation, called the Cosmic Microwave Background, or CMB as astronomers call it.
Weak attraction
At the time of the original release of light, dark matter had congregated in clumps, which created small fields of gravity that eventually pulled in normal matter as well. Images of the CMB are therefore mostly smooth, but have spots, or wiggles, of slight variation, a result of the dark and normal matter pooling together.
"The nature of these 'wiggles' is basically saying how the normal matter was responding to that crazy dark matter," explained Fields, "by amplifying the places where the extra density was."
The CMB, most recently measured by highly sensitive probes in Antarctica, therefore gives a detailed measure of the proportion of normal to dark matter.
Phenomenally, both the measurements of young galaxies and of the cosmic microwave background showed that normal matter makes up just one-tenth of the universe. The rest must be dark matter, researchers say. Fields, who wrote about this astronomical agreement in the Oct. 19 issue of the journal Science, explained why this is causing astronomers to "bring out the bubbly."
"It didn't have to be true," Fields explained, "because they're completely independent things. It's just gorgeous that they agree with each other."
Earlier studies had showed that dark matter made up anywhere from 85 to 95 percent of the universe. Only now do the two different measures of dark matter agree. Now, 90 percent of everything is known to be virtually nothing."
I remember that when i was going to do a tech site, I was going to register in the Italian gTLD(.it as in Information Technology =/), however, the Italian government restricted the domains to only companies with offices in the country. Do you know of any similiar restictions?
Also, is there any evidence of this coming out so soon being related to the recent events and furthermore the mad rush of patriotism?
~Myuu
I am truely happy that there will be more competition on the linux gaming market. More Games!! However, WINE isn't the fastest program, I think win4lin would be better....
Hasn't that issue been out for more than a month, I read it an didn't really like it. The main driving point is a lack of word programs with good spell checking.
Anyway, is this 'war' going to be like the US-China 'Hacker' war of May?
The true story is that MSN rents bandwidth, but most of the companies MSN was in bed with went out of business. As previously stated, Qwest has a hell of a lot of bandwidth, so basically they were able to get MSN in a very profitable position and exploit the deal. All '.Net Internet Access' accounts supposedly are forcively transitioned by Nov 20 (?). How Mac users are gonna get out of I don't know. Customers will pay the same for a year and MSN will bill on the Qwest phone bill. If you call the Qwest tech support number you will probably be able to get more info than I am willing to type.
I have to stay in the loop since I am a DSL tech for Qwest =)
Slashdot Mirror
As far as GigaWire goes...Osopinion.com ran a STORY that makes sense...cool if real....
Mmmm...built in airport...=/...Ipod hybrid...how can it suck?
With the caption of "Copyright 2001 Associated Press. All right reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed." and the numerous ads, why did that not seem right. I don't doubt that Excite is one of those 14 ISPs.
However the article does a damn good job of assesing the situation of the net today. It is just to corrupt...too censored. The net isn't pure, its too corrupted by competition. Do we need all these graphics and flash intros?
It gives me uncalculable pleasure when I find a university site that has no purpose other than to share.
Some how I just linked the commercialization of the net to the open source/linux movement...I think I need sleep.
Is that not the exact intro to Serial Experiments Lain? A girl committs succide and all her classmates continously get emails from the girl.
Figuring that Excite got /.'ed here:
"Astronomers Celebrate Reliable Measure of Dark Matter
By Heather Sparks
Staff Writer
posted: 12:48 pm ET
29 October 2001
Scientists are closer than ever to balancing the
checkbook of cosmic matter. This is because two recent independent measurements of normal matter in the universe are in agreement. The results further strengthen the case for the Big Bang theory and for the nature of the universe as astronomers understand it today.
The universe contains normal atomic matter, what makes you, your dog, the stars, and everything in between. Normal matter is what Carl Sagan was talking about when he said we are all star-stuff.
But in addition to star-stuff, there is invisible dark matter that is known only because the universe is denser than normal matter alone, as evidenced by how structures, like clusters of galaxies, are bound together by gravity. Even individual galaxies don't have enough normal matter in them -- that which can be directly detected -- to keep them from simply flying apart.
Now, through different measurements of conditions existing at the very start of time, astronomers are beginning to see the light.
"There is more than one way of measuring the total amount of matter in the universe," said astronomer Brian Fields from the Center for Theoretical Astrophysics at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. "And if you have an idea of how much normal stuff there is to all the universe, then you know how much other stuff there is, too." Creation of normal matter
All the "normal stuff" is thought to have been made in two steps, one occurring when the universe was roughly three minutes old, and the other some 300,000 years later.
According to the leading theory, an enormous nuclear explosion called the Big Bang happened 13 billion to 15 billion years ago. From it, the universe appeared in an instant, but as a billion-degree mess of neutrons, protons and electrons. The explosion was so energetic that nothing could come together close enough, for long enough, to form atoms. But the universe expanded and cooled so rapidly that within three minutes protons and neutrons bonded in twos and fours, and formed all the atomic nuclei in the universe. This Big Bang Nucleosynthesis determined how much normal matter would ever exist.
Just how much matter that was can be estimated from observing the most recently formed stars and galaxies, because they are fueled by the hydrogen atoms formed from those original nuclei of twos.
Fields explained that young stars, like our Sun, are just now fusing that original hydrogen into helium whereas older stars fuse helium into oxygen and iron. Because the hydrogen fuel has not been converted, scientists are able to measure the proportion of original normal matter to dark matter.
"Stars change the amount of hydrogen and helium in the universe," he said, "and we want to know what the Big Bang did. So we have to find places where pollution from stars is minimal" to estimate the original amounts of normal and dark matter.
But before any stars could form, hydrogen atoms had to exist. This took 300,000 years after the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis the universe had to cool down enough so that electrons could bind with the nuclei.
Once this happened, there was a curious side effect: the creation of light in the Universe. Unbound electrons scattered the UV radiation from the Big Bang, but once the electrons were bound, the radiation was allowed uniform movement, thus, light was finally released in the young cosmos.
This light has existed since then, travelling along the edge of the universe, stretching and weakening into a still measurable microwave radiation, called the Cosmic Microwave Background, or CMB as astronomers call it.
Weak attraction
At the time of the original release of light, dark matter had congregated in clumps, which created small fields of gravity that eventually pulled in normal matter as well. Images of the CMB are therefore mostly smooth, but have spots, or wiggles, of slight variation, a result of the dark and normal matter pooling together.
"The nature of these 'wiggles' is basically saying how the normal matter was responding to that crazy dark matter," explained Fields, "by amplifying the places where the extra density was."
The CMB, most recently measured by highly sensitive probes in Antarctica, therefore gives a detailed measure of the proportion of normal to dark matter.
Phenomenally, both the measurements of young galaxies and of the cosmic microwave background showed that normal matter makes up just one-tenth of the universe. The rest must be dark matter, researchers say. Fields, who wrote about this astronomical agreement in the Oct. 19 issue of the journal Science, explained why this is causing astronomers to "bring out the bubbly."
"It didn't have to be true," Fields explained, "because they're completely independent things. It's just gorgeous that they agree with each other."
Earlier studies had showed that dark matter made up anywhere from 85 to 95 percent of the universe. Only now do the two different measures of dark matter agree. Now, 90 percent of everything is known to be virtually nothing."
I remember that when i was going to do a tech site, I was going to register in the Italian gTLD(.it as in Information Technology =/), however, the Italian government restricted the domains to only companies with offices in the country. Do you know of any similiar restictions? Also, is there any evidence of this coming out so soon being related to the recent events and furthermore the mad rush of patriotism? ~Myuu
Haha! I realized that too and even noted that in one of my posts. Comm OS is so 31337 ^_^.
Why if it weren't for you meddling kids...!!!
too bad...the fact that the guy pulls up as a civil war guy seems to be more proof.
That project sounded like the closest I'd get to Communication OS from Serial Experiments Lain.
I am truely happy that there will be more competition on the linux gaming market. More Games!! However, WINE isn't the fastest program, I think win4lin would be better....
Wasn't Star Blazers suppose to be on Toonami? Anyway, anime seems like Daft's style, and it is very good.
Finally, something to use those old school NASA programs on!
Hasn't that issue been out for more than a month, I read it an didn't really like it. The main driving point is a lack of word programs with good spell checking.
Anyway, is this 'war' going to be like the US-China 'Hacker' war of May?
The true story is that MSN rents bandwidth, but most of the companies MSN was in bed with went out of business. As previously stated, Qwest has a hell of a lot of bandwidth, so basically they were able to get MSN in a very profitable position and exploit the deal. All '.Net Internet Access' accounts supposedly are forcively transitioned by Nov 20 (?). How Mac users are gonna get out of I don't know. Customers will pay the same for a year and MSN will bill on the Qwest phone bill. If you call the Qwest tech support number you will probably be able to get more info than I am willing to type.
I have to stay in the loop since I am a DSL tech for Qwest =)
~Myuu