It's not really true actually. Assembly IS machine code...
Another non-CS comment here. Machine code (ones and zeros) is considered to be a first generation language, whereas assembler opcodes are a 2GL. 3GLs are historically common; C, Pascal and Basic being typical examples used.
I don't quite agree with this, personally I would consider 'English' (SQL, COBOL) as well as other 'do more in less' (Delphi [components], Perl [regex]) to all be 4th generation. This is because 5GL has been considered to be real AI (as in "tell me if anything worthwhile has been posted on slashdot").
Hardware fails sometimes, through no fault of humans.
Ahh, but who designed and manufactured the hardware?
To recurse one level further: Deep Thought, perhaps?
(*I did not actually observe the infinity case.)
on
Tetris AI System
·
· Score: 1
I have.
That original DOS Tetris used different coloured spaces. I played it on a Hercules monitor. I wrote a TSR to intercept int 10 and replace spaces with characters. I cheated. I put an extra delay in to every one too.
P.S. I lied this time too. But hey, -32K isn't too bad!
I apologize for my idiocy and stupidity; this is why I was asking a question. I had a quick search (google RSA FFT) and on http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/faq/3-1-2.html I found:
An "RSA operation,"... is performed by a series of modular multiplications.... (lots more)... ``Fast multiplication'' techniques, such as methods based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), require asymptotically fewer steps. In practice, however, they are not as common due to their greater software complexity and the fact that they may actually be slower for typical key sizes.
That tells me more than you did, although perhaps less than I would like to know. Why my original posting was rated up 3 interesting and then down 3 troll (?!) I fail to understand. Even less, why when we are talking the 1K-2K bit range, I am considered an idiot and quite stupid by an AC who only refers to the 10K bit 'range' who clearly could have given a sensible answer. Ah well:/.
If 512-bit keys are insecure today, they were just as insecure last month. Anyone implementing RSA should have moved to 1024-bit keys years ago, and should be thinking about 2048-bit keys today...
IANAC(ryptographer), but I have done a little Number Theory at Cambridge (the real one, Turing, GCHQ, etc). The reason for these doublings is that the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) requires a power of 2 (actually, the 2^N complex roots of 1).
On the other hand, a doubling in key length squares the size of the problem (at least until P=NP), so it seems odd to say that we need to move to 2048. After all, a single extra bit of key (theoretically) would compensate for Moore's Law. As the article points out, add 14 bits anyway.
Having said all that in explanation, my question is: How much difference does it make to use (e.g.) a 1280-bit key? Is it cheaper to implement this as a 2048 FFT, or could it be beneficial to do (perhaps) 9 256x256 and 1 1Kx1K multiplications and then add up? I am talking about the speed of 'legal' crypting as opposed to cracking here, obviously.
Lindows.com is defending a broad principle, its lawyer says. "No company, no matter how powerful, no matter how much money it has spent, should be able to gain a commercial monopoly on words in the English language," said the lawyer, Daniel Harris, a partner at Clifford Chance.
Microsoft, which also has trademarks on "Word", "Company", "Powerful", "Money", "Monopoly", "English" and "The" has declined to comment. However, it has now also trademarked the words "Harris" and "Chance", since these refer to their new knee-capping and concrete-boot products.
You keep using that word. I do not think it means, what you think it means.
(from Webster's via Google) Strategy \Strat"e*gy\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. strat['e]gie. See Stratagem.] 1. The science of military command, or the science of projecting campaigns and directing great military movements; generalship....
Although I enjoy such 'RTS' games as both *Craft X and Ao*, these games are neither 'real-time' nor 'strategy'. See both the definition above and the previous poster's comment for why it is not strategy, but what I find funnier is the idea that taking an hour to develop from the first to fourth age and building a 'Wonder', then defending it for another 15 minutes (representing a millenium) can ever be called real-time.
True real-time strategy games will take months or years to play, presumably with AI avatars there to help.
Bruce Springsteen, Bill Cosby, George Harrison, Wim Kok (ex Dutch PM), Pim Fortuijn (ex literally), Mothers (yes, Mothers), Steven Spielberg and Kelly van der Veer (a trans-sexual photo model) as well as 330 other Dutch semi-famous or unknown people, and half a dozen worthwhile people, such as MLK, Danny Kaye and Nelson Mandela (also Steve Biko). Oh and Oprah and Tiger, too!
So he thinks a cent a commercial is a good deal? I'm not so sure - a quick back of the envelope calculation will show why:
An hour long show has around 15 minutes of commercials. At an average of 30 seconds, they are showing about 30 per hour. Watch an hour of tv a day, and you are 'seeing' 30x30=900 ads per month.
Now I would be happy to pay $10/month to watch 2 movies and 3 shows a week (in fact I do, with ads), but imagine having a wife and 3 kids (aged 15, 11 and 7) - the TV might be on 10 or more hours a day. Such a family has to cough up $100/month. And that 15-year-old will know how to remove the ads, believe me. So will the 7-year-old.
But there is an alternative; perhaps Gary Lauder has already figured it out. I can see his point of the cable company being the one to invest in the infrastructure; I have no problems with that. But if the functionality is there for cable to provide the functionality of a PVR, then it is also there to provide the commercials the viewers want to see!
First of all his payment scheme needs a limit. Perhaps different plans, but lets say that you pay $10/month you get the aforementioned hour a day ad-free. Allow the viewer(s) to specify if they prefer frequent short breaks (American-style, I believe), or a few long breaks (in Holland there is often a 6 minute break from 7-13 minutes in the show!!). Have the commercials be lower volume (perhaps 80% instead of 150% as at present - I reach for the mute button to save my ears). And most importantly - let the user 'kill' any ad.
I'd prefer for the killing to be permanent for that particular ad - I'm either not interested or disgusted sufficiently that I will not want to by that product (more info in next para - do not read if squeamish), and also they can obviously profile to show worthwhile ads.
In Holland the situation used to be (long ago) that there were commercials before and after shows, but not during (also, you paid a license fee, although less than for the BBC - they do this via tax now tho). Now though, they are long (15-18 mins per hour) and LOUD. But their content is by far the most obnoxious thing. (You have been warned, leave if squeamish). My gf (American) and I (British) do not want to see: kids pissing in the supermarket [by a rival store which has toilets]; some woman checking her crack in a mirror to see if her sanitary napkins are working; a toddler with what looks like shit all over its face [presumably some kind of tasty chocolote - fortunatly I switch off so quickly I don't even know what brand to avoid]; nor are we interested in breast-feeding.
Finally, once the commercials are on demand, that means that instead of ads having to be targeted to an audience of millions, it can be local. For example, I want to hear if there is a new local computer store, or even what offers are on at one of the three local supermarkets. Anyway, ramble off;)
A quick google search for "david wheeler subroutine" gives this 1947 reference as first result:
http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/subroutines.html
with a technical implementation of a subroutine
A search for "grace hopper subroutine" gives as first result:
http://wayne.home.texas.net/~wayne/grace1.html
At about this time, Grace and her colleagues began keeping a notebook containing segments of code that they knew worked. Each subroutine was written in a generic manner so that whenever a programmer needed to perform a certain function that they knew the code had already been written for, they could simply copy it out of the book, into their program.
After the war... (i.e. this happened in 1945 at latest)
So Grace had her idea earlier, but (no disrespect intended), I think this is what we now call copy-paste or to be kinder: templates.
Is there a reason the submitter forgot to mention one of the best universities in the world? I had the fortune to go there; one of my lecturers invented the subroutine....
Then again, we still consider Harvard to be one of our colleges - founded by John H of Emanuel before the US of A was a country!
It will require 2KSP3 or XP, both of which have 'interesting' License 'Agreements'. Oh I forgot, they have stopped supporting 98. Never mind the fact that anyone BUT MS writing software for Windows still has to support the huge installed base of 98 users, in addition to 2K, Me, XP. But I do agree with you except: use the Old office with the old Windows (if you have to).
Now I understand why my (US) gf surprised my (EU) sensibilities. She said she was really in to punk music when she was younger. I thought 7 was a bit too young!
Mind you, dog's can lick actually their own genitals, which is pretty much what blogging is a substitute for...
Why does a dog lick its balls? Because it can. And mostly, they do. Unlike humans weblogging. I'm sure many more can than do. And if they do, you don't really have to read them, or at least it is easier to ignore than the dog that just humped your leg. And as to boring each other witless, no they will never get bored sniffing each others arses. I suppose that is what really separates us.
Tetris is very easy on a Hercules - I should know
on
Tetris Is Hard: NP-Hard
·
· Score: 3, Funny
A long time ago, Tetris for the PC printed different coloured spaces for the blocks. Unfortunately, a Hercules monochrome card pretending to be able to deal with colour would display them all the same. So I could see the score etc, but not the pieces themselves. Since that would be a little too hard, I wrote a TSR which hooked into INT 10 which would change spaces to other characters. This depended on the colour, so for example the Blue 2x2 would print as 4 'O's.
How can this be easy, you ask? Well, I put a delay in there too, it was adjustable from the command line of the TSR. When my score went past -32768 at the highest level, I decided enough was enough, and I didn't play Tetris for many years after.
Although the initial proof of anything in mathematics may be quite long, shorter proofs will be found. Most long-standing proofs are relatively short, although they may of course rest on other 'lower level' theorems. Or to put it another way, once a mathematician has accepted Peano's axioms, they are not required in every proof concerning integers.
In Stand on Zanzibar, John Brunner describes a 'fictional' country in West Africa where peace is (genetically) predominant. It was written around 1970 but set around now. I'm just commenting on a coincidence, but... read it if you have the chance, this book and a couple of others he wrote are precursors to 'cyberpunk' SF.
Where on earth do you get your information? The Euro is close to the dollar (1 USD = 1.02933 EUR), and in Holland stamps cost 0.39; virtually the same as in the USA. A sample from http://www.atms.ch/rates/: GB 27p (about 43 cents), Ireland 0.41, Belgium 0.42, Greece 0.45, France 0.46, Germany 0.56, Italy 0.62 (but 0.41 available), Spain 0.25, Portugal 0.27 normal (but 0.43 available, Azul is express I expect).
Slashdot Mirror
Another non-CS comment here. Machine code (ones and zeros) is considered to be a first generation language, whereas assembler opcodes are a 2GL. 3GLs are historically common; C, Pascal and Basic being typical examples used.
I don't quite agree with this, personally I would consider 'English' (SQL, COBOL) as well as other 'do more in less' (Delphi [components], Perl [regex]) to all be 4th generation. This is because 5GL has been considered to be real AI (as in "tell me if anything worthwhile has been posted on slashdot").
Hardware fails sometimes, through no fault of humans.
Ahh, but who designed and manufactured the hardware?
To recurse one level further: Deep Thought, perhaps?
I have. That original DOS Tetris used different coloured spaces. I played it on a Hercules monitor. I wrote a TSR to intercept int 10 and replace spaces with characters. I cheated. I put an extra delay in to every one too. P.S. I lied this time too. But hey, -32K isn't too bad!
I apologize for my idiocy and stupidity; this is why I was asking a question. I had a quick search (google RSA FFT) and on http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/faq/3-1-2.html I found:
... is performed by a series of modular multiplications. ... (lots more) ... ``Fast multiplication'' techniques, such as methods based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), require asymptotically fewer steps. In practice, however, they are not as common due to their greater software complexity and the fact that they may actually be slower for typical key sizes.
/.
An "RSA operation,"
That tells me more than you did, although perhaps less than I would like to know. Why my original posting was rated up 3 interesting and then down 3 troll (?!) I fail to understand. Even less, why when we are talking the 1K-2K bit range, I am considered an idiot and quite stupid by an AC who only refers to the 10K bit 'range' who clearly could have given a sensible answer. Ah well:
In the extra reference Bruce Schneier says:
If 512-bit keys are insecure today, they were just as insecure last month. Anyone implementing RSA should have moved to 1024-bit keys years ago, and should be thinking about 2048-bit keys today...
IANAC(ryptographer), but I have done a little Number Theory at Cambridge (the real one, Turing, GCHQ, etc). The reason for these doublings is that the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) requires a power of 2 (actually, the 2^N complex roots of 1).
On the other hand, a doubling in key length squares the size of the problem (at least until P=NP), so it seems odd to say that we need to move to 2048. After all, a single extra bit of key (theoretically) would compensate for Moore's Law. As the article points out, add 14 bits anyway.
Having said all that in explanation, my question is: How much difference does it make to use (e.g.) a 1280-bit key? Is it cheaper to implement this as a 2048 FFT, or could it be beneficial to do (perhaps) 9 256x256 and 1 1Kx1K multiplications and then add up? I am talking about the speed of 'legal' crypting as opposed to cracking here, obviously.
YOHNMALHY?
You obviously have never met a lawyer, have you?
Microsoft, which also has trademarks on "Word", "Company", "Powerful", "Money", "Monopoly", "English" and "The" has declined to comment. However, it has now also trademarked the words "Harris" and "Chance", since these refer to their new knee-capping and concrete-boot products.
Share and Enjoy!
Thank you for the clearest proof this millenium of the damage that radiation can do.
You keep using that word. I do not think it means, what you think it means.
(from Webster's via Google) Strategy
\Strat"e*gy\, n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. strat['e]gie. See Stratagem.] 1. The science of military command, or the science of projecting campaigns and directing great military movements; generalship....
Although I enjoy such 'RTS' games as both *Craft X and Ao*, these games are neither 'real-time' nor 'strategy'. See both the definition above and the previous poster's comment for why it is not strategy, but what I find funnier is the idea that taking an hour to develop from the first to fourth age and building a 'Wonder', then defending it for another 15 minutes (representing a millenium) can ever be called real-time.
True real-time strategy games will take months or years to play, presumably with AI avatars there to help.
Bruce Springsteen, Bill Cosby, George Harrison, Wim Kok (ex Dutch PM), Pim Fortuijn (ex literally), Mothers (yes, Mothers), Steven Spielberg and Kelly van der Veer (a trans-sexual photo model) as well as 330 other Dutch semi-famous or unknown people, and half a dozen worthwhile people, such as MLK, Danny Kaye and Nelson Mandela (also Steve Biko). Oh and Oprah and Tiger, too!
Here lies Lester Moore.
Four slugs from a 44.
No Les.
No More.
So he thinks a cent a commercial is a good deal? I'm not so sure - a quick back of the envelope calculation will show why:
;)
An hour long show has around 15 minutes of commercials. At an average of 30 seconds, they are showing about 30 per hour. Watch an hour of tv a day, and you are 'seeing' 30x30=900 ads per month.
Now I would be happy to pay $10/month to watch 2 movies and 3 shows a week (in fact I do, with ads), but imagine having a wife and 3 kids (aged 15, 11 and 7) - the TV might be on 10 or more hours a day. Such a family has to cough up $100/month. And that 15-year-old will know how to remove the ads, believe me. So will the 7-year-old.
But there is an alternative; perhaps Gary Lauder has already figured it out. I can see his point of the cable company being the one to invest in the infrastructure; I have no problems with that. But if the functionality is there for cable to provide the functionality of a PVR, then it is also there to provide the commercials the viewers want to see!
First of all his payment scheme needs a limit. Perhaps different plans, but lets say that you pay $10/month you get the aforementioned hour a day ad-free. Allow the viewer(s) to specify if they prefer frequent short breaks (American-style, I believe), or a few long breaks (in Holland there is often a 6 minute break from 7-13 minutes in the show!!). Have the commercials be lower volume (perhaps 80% instead of 150% as at present - I reach for the mute button to save my ears). And most importantly - let the user 'kill' any ad.
I'd prefer for the killing to be permanent for that particular ad - I'm either not interested or disgusted sufficiently that I will not want to by that product (more info in next para - do not read if squeamish), and also they can obviously profile to show worthwhile ads.
In Holland the situation used to be (long ago) that there were commercials before and after shows, but not during (also, you paid a license fee, although less than for the BBC - they do this via tax now tho). Now though, they are long (15-18 mins per hour) and LOUD. But their content is by far the most obnoxious thing. (You have been warned, leave if squeamish). My gf (American) and I (British) do not want to see: kids pissing in the supermarket [by a rival store which has toilets]; some woman checking her crack in a mirror to see if her sanitary napkins are working; a toddler with what looks like shit all over its face [presumably some kind of tasty chocolote - fortunatly I switch off so quickly I don't even know what brand to avoid]; nor are we interested in breast-feeding.
Finally, once the commercials are on demand, that means that instead of ads having to be targeted to an audience of millions, it can be local. For example, I want to hear if there is a new local computer store, or even what offers are on at one of the three local supermarkets. Anyway, ramble off
A quick google search for "david wheeler subroutine" gives this 1947 reference as first result:
l
http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/subroutines.htm
with a technical implementation of a subroutine
A search for "grace hopper subroutine" gives as first result:
http://wayne.home.texas.net/~wayne/grace1.html
At about this time, Grace and her colleagues began keeping a notebook containing segments of code that they knew worked. Each subroutine was written in a generic manner so that whenever a programmer needed to perform a certain function that they knew the code had already been written for, they could simply copy it out of the book, into their program.
After the war... (i.e. this happened in 1945 at latest)
So Grace had her idea earlier, but (no disrespect intended), I think this is what we now call copy-paste or to be kinder: templates.
Actually the second paragraph (and second sentence) states:
"Versions of Mozilla previous to version 1.0.1 ..."
Next thing you know some viking will pop on and claim Normandy is Norwegian!
Is there a reason the submitter forgot to mention one of the best universities in the world? I had the fortune to go there; one of my lecturers invented the subroutine....
Then again, we still consider Harvard to be one of our colleges - founded by John H of Emanuel before the US of A was a country!
It will require 2KSP3 or XP, both of which have 'interesting' License 'Agreements'. Oh I forgot, they have stopped supporting 98. Never mind the fact that anyone BUT MS writing software for Windows still has to support the huge installed base of 98 users, in addition to 2K, Me, XP. But I do agree with you except: use the Old office with the old Windows (if you have to).
I'm surprised this isn't on the /. main page already!
Now I understand why my (US) gf surprised my (EU) sensibilities. She said she was really in to punk music when she was younger. I thought 7 was a bit too young!
Why does a dog lick its balls? Because it can. And mostly, they do. Unlike humans weblogging. I'm sure many more can than do. And if they do, you don't really have to read them, or at least it is easier to ignore than the dog that just humped your leg. And as to boring each other witless, no they will never get bored sniffing each others arses. I suppose that is what really separates us.
How can this be easy, you ask? Well, I put a delay in there too, it was adjustable from the command line of the TSR. When my score went past -32768 at the highest level, I decided enough was enough, and I didn't play Tetris for many years after.
Although the initial proof of anything in mathematics may be quite long, shorter proofs will be found. Most long-standing proofs are relatively short, although they may of course rest on other 'lower level' theorems. Or to put it another way, once a mathematician has accepted Peano's axioms, they are not required in every proof concerning integers.
In Stand on Zanzibar, John Brunner describes a 'fictional' country in West Africa where peace is (genetically) predominant. It was written around 1970 but set around now. I'm just commenting on a coincidence, but... read it if you have the chance, this book and a couple of others he wrote are precursors to 'cyberpunk' SF.
Where on earth do you get your information? The Euro is close to the dollar (1 USD = 1.02933 EUR), and in Holland stamps cost 0.39; virtually the same as in the USA. A sample from http://www.atms.ch/rates/: GB 27p (about 43 cents), Ireland 0.41, Belgium 0.42, Greece 0.45, France 0.46, Germany 0.56, Italy 0.62 (but 0.41 available), Spain 0.25, Portugal 0.27 normal (but 0.43 available, Azul is express I expect).