Can you get enough sun light and CO2 in your backyard?
Assuming you have 10 square meters yard, the sun shine's energy input is 1000W per square meter, you get 10 hours of sun shine per day, then you have 100,000Wh energy input. Assume 10% photosynthesis energy convert efficiency (this assumption is too high, 1%-5% is better but for the ease of calculation, I will use 10%), you will get 10,000Wh energy into hydrogen, that's 36MJ.
One kilogram of hydrogen has 143MJ of energy. Then to produce 1kg of hydrogen, you will need 40 sqare meters of yard, to produce 4 kg of hydrogen, you will need 160 square meters of yard, that's 1700 sqare feet. Remember we are assuming 1000W sun light input and 10% conversion here, both are too high.
I don't think we need to calculate the CO2 input now.
I would like to use other cheap thin film photovoltaics like amorphous silicon, CIGS or polymer based instead of the CdTe PV. I handle cadmium a lot in my work, to me, the environmental impact of cadmium versus the environmental impact of current energy production from fossil fuels is like plastic bag or paper bag. Both of them are not the solution.
If one day a flush of hail breaks the photovotaics on my house, and some of those pieces get all over my house, will the EPA declare my house "extreme poisonous" and "unsafe to inhabit"?
I have always been worrying the environmental impact of the cadmium. Could some one show me that the cadmium used in the photovoltaic has little or no environmental impact please?
There are two problems here, how can you make a 1nm deep line? Secondly, the process really scale very well even the pitch is very close to the size (Rg, for some other people) of the polymer used?
The light source problem maybe solved by microsource X-ray source or microsynchrotrons (not very possible) and non-flat multilayer (Gobel mirror) based optical system. Or we are going to construct fabs with synchrotron. Let's wait and see.
But I think you are insightful. I am actually totally agree with you. But as the UV getting deeper and deeper, how far the photoresist based technology we can go? At 32nm or 25nm, how much roughness is tolerable? Can we expect such roughness from photo resist? I think there is going to be a change.
It was the mask and photoresist for sub-100nm process in mind at the time I was posting. I think this technology may have some potential application in making simple grid structure like NAND flash/sonos memory, PRAM, FeRAM, MRAM and etc. I don't think it could be used to make DRAM, where most effort is put to dig deep holes. And it will face strong compete from block copolymer based technology at smaller dimension like 30nm. However, the grid grown by this technology can be used as template of block copolymer. I think it's time for me to write a new proposal now. 8-)
The amount of energy we use is only a tiny part of the energy sun put to our planet, how do we use this tiny part doesn't have effect at all on the global temperature. However the green house effect we put out is dramatic, this is the real problem. What we need to do is to cut down the green house effect, while increase the energy use of all the people.
I am only correcting. BTW, Ryukyu Islands waw an independent country too. Why it is part of Japan now? Anyway, if you look through the history of countries like China, Germany, British, France, Turkey, Egypt, Iran... You may find many of discussion here are boring, weak and laughable.
Slashdot Mirror
I coded a lot in C++ with Carbon.
And who has id "0"?
Can you get enough sun light and CO2 in your backyard?
Assuming you have 10 square meters yard, the sun shine's energy input is 1000W per square meter, you get 10 hours of sun shine per day, then you have 100,000Wh energy input. Assume 10% photosynthesis energy convert efficiency (this assumption is too high, 1%-5% is better but for the ease of calculation, I will use 10%), you will get 10,000Wh energy into hydrogen, that's 36MJ.
One kilogram of hydrogen has 143MJ of energy. Then to produce 1kg of hydrogen, you will need 40 sqare meters of yard, to produce 4 kg of hydrogen, you will need 160 square meters of yard, that's 1700 sqare feet. Remember we are assuming 1000W sun light input and 10% conversion here, both are too high.
I don't think we need to calculate the CO2 input now.
I thought I was already dead by the time EPA visiting my house.
If you have some hails break the glass and some acid rain mixed with CdTe, what do you get?
I would like to use other cheap thin film photovoltaics like amorphous silicon, CIGS or polymer based instead of the CdTe PV. I handle cadmium a lot in my work, to me, the environmental impact of cadmium versus the environmental impact of current energy production from fossil fuels is like plastic bag or paper bag. Both of them are not the solution.
If one day a flush of hail breaks the photovotaics on my house, and some of those pieces get all over my house, will the EPA declare my house "extreme poisonous" and "unsafe to inhabit"?
Why? What's the difference between elemental cadmium and alloy cadmium?
I bet you forget the sarcasm tag.
I have always been worrying the environmental impact of the cadmium. Could some one show me that the cadmium used in the photovoltaic has little or no environmental impact please?
It's more like "OK, you win, you win, but without us, you won't win." This manager is weak.
But the 400 million number still doesn't include auto-update.
auto-update is not count as download. The 400 million number doesn't include auto-update.
Scaffold to grow tissue?
There are two problems here, how can you make a 1nm deep line? Secondly, the process really scale very well even the pitch is very close to the size (Rg, for some other people) of the polymer used?
The light source problem maybe solved by microsource X-ray source or microsynchrotrons (not very possible) and non-flat multilayer (Gobel mirror) based optical system. Or we are going to construct fabs with synchrotron. Let's wait and see.
But I think you are insightful. I am actually totally agree with you. But as the UV getting deeper and deeper, how far the photoresist based technology we can go? At 32nm or 25nm, how much roughness is tolerable? Can we expect such roughness from photo resist? I think there is going to be a change.
It was the mask and photoresist for sub-100nm process in mind at the time I was posting. I think this technology may have some potential application in making simple grid structure like NAND flash/sonos memory, PRAM, FeRAM, MRAM and etc. I don't think it could be used to make DRAM, where most effort is put to dig deep holes. And it will face strong compete from block copolymer based technology at smaller dimension like 30nm. However, the grid grown by this technology can be used as template of block copolymer. I think it's time for me to write a new proposal now. 8-)
The selling point of this "new" technology is "low cost". The lithography at sub 100nm is getting extreme pricey.
The amount of energy we use is only a tiny part of the energy sun put to our planet, how do we use this tiny part doesn't have effect at all on the global temperature. However the green house effect we put out is dramatic, this is the real problem. What we need to do is to cut down the green house effect, while increase the energy use of all the people.
I am only correcting. BTW, Ryukyu Islands waw an independent country too. Why it is part of Japan now? Anyway, if you look through the history of countries like China, Germany, British, France, Turkey, Egypt, Iran... You may find many of discussion here are boring, weak and laughable.
I have always been wondering, how do we know what our galaxy looks like?
I read the abstract but there is no information about if we are one of them.
Do they put commercial in the saved video like at the beginning of the video or every 10 minutes?
Ryukyu Islands.