Well, 6ns is the cycle time (1/clock frequency) not the latency (which I assume means the time it takes to get any random bit of data from the memory).
Modern DRAM isn't exactly Random Access at all, you can get data out much faster if you read it sequentially than if you read it in random order.
Well, IMHO getting something for free is not theft, taking something away from it's rightful owner is theft! Copying something that you would otherwise have paid for is clearly wrong, but doesn't exactly fit the definition. Copying something you could never afford is absolutely not theft as it doesn't imply any kind of loss to the "owner".
Please note that I'm not saying copyright violation is "right", just that theft is the wrong term.
I bet the heat sink you're talking about is for the CPU voltage regulator, and if it's an old linear regulator it can dissipate *a lot* of heat, in fact if your input voltage is 5V (AT PSU) and the core voltage is 2.8v (Pentium MMX) the regulator will dissipate almost as much heat as the CPU!
I would try mounting the fan so that more air flows across the regulator heatsink, or get another board with a switching regulator.
I know you are probably talking about the US, but here is a searchable list of hotels and other places in Sweden that are covered by 802.11b Internet (Telia Homerun).
Well If my math and this page is correct, the average depth of the oceans on earth is 4500m (and they cover 70% of the surface).
I wonder how mars would look if all that ice melted... how high are the mountains on mars? How much of the surface would actually be covered in water if the average depth was 500m?
Well, I should have added for *old* displays... like the 640x480 panels found in 486 class laptops. At least the VGA/SVGA panels I found datasheets for...
I'm not familiar with LVDS, but the principle remains the same right?
Well, it's mostly a "proof-of-concept" kind of thing... I wanted to see if it was possible to do with such a simple circuit. Being able to support (scale) different resolutions would be a *lot* more difficult, but that may not be a problem depending on what you wish to do.
The propagation delay isn't much of a problem, at least not compared to the jitter caused by having a fixed clock that isn't exactly matched to the VGA card pixel clock.
I plan an improved version using a PLL for the clock, proper (adjustable) centering of the image and maybe "real" ADCs for full color (maybe some free samples from Maxim...).
This version is only good enough for 8-color text mode, and only works with TFT displays.
LCD (TFT) panels aren't really that different from normal VGA monitors, the R,G,B signals are n-bit digital rather than analog and you need to supply a pixel clock... that pixel clock should be derived from the video signal using a PLL, but this simple circuit uses a fixed crystal oscillator instead because I had one handy. I'll post an improved circuit at a later date.
To turn the panel into a digital photo frame you could probably use a Flash ROM (and a RAM if the ROM is too slow to read out at the correct pixel rate), and some basic digital electronics (either a bunch of discrete counters etc, or a CPLD).
Sounds to me the cards you are talking about are not "smart" cards but rather simple memory cards. A real smart card has a processor and private program and data memory you can't just read out.
Take the cards used for sat TV, you send it encrypted data and get the decrypted version back. The decryption key(s) is/are on the card and can't easily be read.
OK, I'm not an RF engineer or anything but this sounds plain wrong to me.
Just because a GSM phone transmits digital (encoded, compressed and encrypted) doesn't mean it just pushes ones and zeroes out the antenna! You still need an (analogue) radio part.
I think one reason GSM phones may use less power is that it uses time multiplexing (TDMA) as well as multiple channels. This means that the transmitter is only active for short "bursts". I believe GSM has 8 time slots, which means that each phone only transmits 1/8 of the time when active, unless you make high speed data calls where multiple time slots are used.
Silicon is only cheap if you make *many* copies of the same chip.
However, you can design something in VHDL and put it into a CPLD och FPGA chip (programmable logic).
BTW, check out www.opencores.org and similar sites. There are already a number of open source "chip designs" available, in the form of VHDL or Verilog source code.
In the Linux world it is up to the distribution makers to deliver a stable system that suits your needs. The development of the kernel and various software takes place a high speed and often in several directions at the same time. I believe that diversity and choice are good things, but you should rely on the cutting edge stuff for mission critical tasks.
Atomic level physics for games would be extremely cool but I think that's still pretty far off. Consider the computing power needed to model an entire world atom by atom, in real time...
I haven't even seen any good fluid dynamics in games (rivers and waterfalls are always flat and premodeled), or even really convincing rigid body dynamics for that matter.
GIF has lossless compression, while JPEG is lossy. Not a fair comparison. GIF can only handle 256 colors, but that's not really related to the compression as such.
Also, it's not true that JPEG gives better results for everything.
Well, yes... you remove information from a larger image. The resulting smaller image contains more accurate information than a smaller non-AA image.
The smaller image can of course not contain all the information of the larger image, but consider a single black pixel in the large image.
If we had sampled the same scene directly at the lower resultion we would have a 25% chance to get this black pixel, and a 75% chance to miss it entirely. By taking this larger image and downsampling it we get a 100% chance of a 25% black pixel. We can't tell in which "corner" of the pixel the dot should have been, but we do see that there is a dot.
I'm not sure if this qualifies as "more information" but it's certainly a more usefull image.
Antialiasing isn't just blurring the image, it is actually putting more than one "sample" of information into every pixel.
1600x1200 4xFSAA is like a 3200x2400 pixel screen, slightly blurred.
Re:Would someone please explain...
on
802.11b at 22mbps
·
· Score: 0
WEP isn't secure, but I wouldn't call it a joke. Getting enough data to crack a WEP key can take a *long* time, it's not something you do while driving by.
Besides, there are workarounds for the know weakness:
http://www.orinocowireless.com/template.html?sec ti on=m52&envelope=90&page=3267
WEP Weak Key Avoidance.
The key that is input to the WEP64 or 128 RC4 encryption algorithm
consists of the secret key configured by the user (or via 802.1x)
concatenated with the IV (Initialization Vector). The IV is
determined by the transmitting station. By excluding certain IV
values that would create so-called "weak keys", the weakness of
WEP as described in "Weaknesses in the Key Scheduling Algorithm
of RC4" by Scott Fluhrer, Itsik Mantin and Adi Shamir, and
demonstrated through the AirSnort program, are avoided.
Note that, as the IV is always determined by the transmitting
station, there is no impact on interoperability. Stations/APs with
weak key avoidance implemented can interoperate with stations/APs
that do not have this. Of course, protection against this attack
is provided only if all stations and APs implement this new scheme.
A nearly free 100% speed boost is nice, but I would wait for 802.11g instead, giving 54Mbps in the 2.4GHz band and also being backward compatible with 802.11b.
I'm not an expert, but it seems to me 802.11a is doomed. Is there any reason to prefer it over the upcoming 54Mbps 2.4GHz stuff?
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Well, 6ns is the cycle time (1/clock frequency) not the latency (which I assume means the time it takes to get any random bit of data from the memory).
Modern DRAM isn't exactly Random Access at all, you can get data out much faster if you read it sequentially than if you read it in random order.
Well, IMHO getting something for free is not theft, taking something away from it's rightful owner is theft! Copying something that you would otherwise have paid for is clearly wrong, but doesn't exactly fit the definition. Copying something you could never afford is absolutely not theft as it doesn't imply any kind of loss to the "owner".
Please note that I'm not saying copyright violation is "right", just that theft is the wrong term.
I bet the heat sink you're talking about is for the CPU voltage regulator, and if it's an old linear regulator it can dissipate *a lot* of heat, in fact if your input voltage is 5V (AT PSU) and the core voltage is 2.8v (Pentium MMX) the regulator will dissipate almost as much heat as the CPU!
I would try mounting the fan so that more air flows across the regulator heatsink, or get another board with a switching regulator.
I know you are probably talking about the US, but here is a searchable list of hotels and other places in Sweden that are covered by 802.11b Internet (Telia Homerun).
Probably 533Mb/s per data pin at 266MHz.
That gives us 533*64/8 = 4.2GB/s for a 64bit bus.
Well If my math and this page is correct, the average depth of the oceans on earth is 4500m (and they cover 70% of the surface).
I wonder how mars would look if all that ice melted... how high are the mountains on mars? How much of the surface would actually be covered in water if the average depth was 500m?
Well, I should have added for *old* displays... like the 640x480 panels found in 486 class laptops. At least the VGA/SVGA panels I found datasheets for...
I'm not familiar with LVDS, but the principle remains the same right?
Well, it's mostly a "proof-of-concept" kind of thing... I wanted to see if it was possible to do with such a simple circuit. Being able to support (scale) different resolutions would be a *lot* more difficult, but that may not be a problem depending on what you wish to do.
The propagation delay isn't much of a problem, at least not compared to the jitter caused by having a fixed clock that isn't exactly matched to the VGA card pixel clock.
I plan an improved version using a PLL for the clock, proper (adjustable) centering of the image and maybe "real" ADCs for full color (maybe some free samples from Maxim...).
Right here.
This version is only good enough for 8-color text mode, and only works with TFT displays.
LCD (TFT) panels aren't really that different from normal VGA monitors, the R,G,B signals are n-bit digital rather than analog and you need to supply a pixel clock... that pixel clock should be derived from the video signal using a PLL, but this simple circuit uses a fixed crystal oscillator instead because I had one handy. I'll post an improved circuit at a later date.
To turn the panel into a digital photo frame you could probably use a Flash ROM (and a RAM if the ROM is too slow to read out at the correct pixel rate), and some basic digital electronics (either a bunch of discrete counters etc, or a CPLD).
Does anyone have any idea how much of a loss MS takes on every console sold?
Considering modchips and game rips have just been released, making a profit may become harder than they expected.
You need to be creative in 5K lines and use crystal space...
Almost like a classic demo compo.
Sounds to me the cards you are talking about are not "smart" cards but rather simple memory cards. A real smart card has a processor and private program and data memory you can't just read out.
Take the cards used for sat TV, you send it encrypted data and get the decrypted version back. The decryption key(s) is/are on the card and can't easily be read.
OK, I'm not an RF engineer or anything but this sounds plain wrong to me.
Just because a GSM phone transmits digital (encoded, compressed and encrypted) doesn't mean it just pushes ones and zeroes out the antenna! You still need an (analogue) radio part.
I think one reason GSM phones may use less power is that it uses time multiplexing (TDMA) as well as multiple channels. This means that the transmitter is only active for short "bursts".
I believe GSM has 8 time slots, which means that each phone only transmits 1/8 of the time when active, unless you make high speed data calls where multiple time slots are used.
Silicon is only cheap if you make *many* copies of the same chip.
However, you can design something in VHDL and put it into a CPLD och FPGA chip (programmable logic).
BTW, check out www.opencores.org and similar sites. There are already a number of open source "chip designs" available, in the form of VHDL or Verilog source code.
Maybe this explains why Scotty was left out of the latest Futurama "where no fan has gone before"...
Hilarious episode BTW, especially if watched in the middle of a TOS marathon.
In the Linux world it is up to the distribution makers to deliver a stable system that suits your needs. The development of the kernel and various software takes place a high speed and often in several directions at the same time. I believe that diversity and choice are good things, but you should rely on the cutting edge stuff for mission critical tasks.
He did say "dual boot", which kind of implies he was talking about the same box...
Atomic level physics for games would be extremely cool but I think that's still pretty far off. Consider the computing power needed to model an entire world atom by atom, in real time...
I haven't even seen any good fluid dynamics in games (rivers and waterfalls are always flat and premodeled), or even really convincing rigid body dynamics for that matter.
GIF has lossless compression, while JPEG is lossy. Not a fair comparison. GIF can only handle 256 colors, but that's not really related to the compression as such.
Also, it's not true that JPEG gives better results for everything.
Storing metadata about files in the file system? Could be useful...
And of course it's already been done...
Well, yes... you remove information from a larger image. The resulting smaller image contains more accurate information than a smaller non-AA image.
The smaller image can of course not contain all the information of the larger image, but consider a single black pixel in the large image.
If we had sampled the same scene directly at the lower resultion we would have a 25% chance to get this black pixel, and a 75% chance to miss it entirely. By taking this larger image and downsampling it we get a 100% chance of a 25% black pixel. We can't tell in which "corner" of the pixel the dot should have been, but we do see that there is a dot.
I'm not sure if this qualifies as "more information" but it's certainly a more usefull image.
Antialiasing isn't just blurring the image, it is actually putting more than one "sample" of information into every pixel.
1600x1200 4xFSAA is like a 3200x2400 pixel screen, slightly blurred.
WEP isn't secure, but I wouldn't call it a joke. Getting enough data to crack a WEP key can take a *long* time, it's not something you do while driving by.
c ti on=m52&envelope=90&page=3267
Besides, there are workarounds for the know weakness:
http://www.orinocowireless.com/template.html?se
WEP Weak Key Avoidance.
The key that is input to the WEP64 or 128 RC4 encryption algorithm
consists of the secret key configured by the user (or via 802.1x)
concatenated with the IV (Initialization Vector). The IV is
determined by the transmitting station. By excluding certain IV
values that would create so-called "weak keys", the weakness of
WEP as described in "Weaknesses in the Key Scheduling Algorithm
of RC4" by Scott Fluhrer, Itsik Mantin and Adi Shamir, and
demonstrated through the AirSnort program, are avoided.
Note that, as the IV is always determined by the transmitting
station, there is no impact on interoperability. Stations/APs with
weak key avoidance implemented can interoperate with stations/APs
that do not have this. Of course, protection against this attack
is provided only if all stations and APs implement this new scheme.
It does have a sort of "x2/K56flex/v90" feel to it. ..
A nearly free 100% speed boost is nice, but I would wait for 802.11g instead, giving 54Mbps in the 2.4GHz band and also being backward compatible with 802.11b.
I'm not an expert, but it seems to me 802.11a is doomed. Is there any reason to prefer it over the upcoming 54Mbps 2.4GHz stuff?