GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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quando iniciado tal uso interativo da forma mais simples, seja
impresso ou mostrado um anúncio de que não há qualquer garantia
(ou então que você fornece a garantia) e que os usuários podem
redistribuir o programa sob estas condições, ainda informando os
usuários como consultar uma cópia desta Licença. (Exceção: se o
Programa em si é interativo mas normalmente não imprime estes
tipos de anúncios, seu trabalho baseado no Programa não precisa
imprimir um anúncio.)
Estas exigências aplicam-se ao trabalho modificado como um todo. Se
seções identificáveis de tal trabalho não são derivadas do Programa, e
podem ser razoavelmente consideradas trabalhos independentes e
separados por si só, então esta Licença, e seus termos, não se aplicam
a estas seções quando você distribui-las como trabalhos em
separado. Mas quando você distribuir as mesmas seções como parte de um
todo que é trabalho baseado no Programa, a distribuição como um todo
tem que se enquadrar nos termos desta Licença, cujas permissões para
outros licenciados se estendem ao todo, portanto também para cada e
toda parte independente de quem a escreveu.
Desta forma, esta seção não tem a intenção de reclamar direitos os
contestar seus direitos sobre o trabalho escrito completamente por
você; ao invés disso, a intenção é a de exercitar o direito de
controlar a distribuição de trabalhos, derivados ou coletivos,
baseados no Programa.
Adicionalmente, a mera adição ao Programa de outro trabalho não
baseado no Programa (ou de trabalho baseado no Programa) em um volume
de armazenamento ou meio de distribuição não faz o outro trabalho
parte do escopo desta Licença.
3. Você pode copiar e distribuir o Programa (ou trabalho baseado
nele, conforme descrito na Seção 2) em código-objeto ou em forma
executável sob os termos das Seções 1 e 2 acima, desde que você
faça um dos seguintes:
a) O acompanhe com o código-fonte completo e em forma acessível
por máquinas, que tem que ser distribuído sob os termos das Seções
1 e 2 acima e em meio normalmente utilizado para o intercâmbio de
software; ou,
b) O acompanhe com uma oferta escrita, válida por pelo menos três
anos, de fornecer a qualquer um, com um custo não superior ao
custo de distribuição física do material, uma cópia do
código-fonte completo e em forma acessível por máquinas, que tem
que ser distribuído sob os termos das Seções 1 e 2 acima e em meio
normalmente utilizado para o intercâmbio de software; ou,
c) O acompanhe com a informação que você recebeu em relação à
oferta de distribuição do código-fonte correspondente. (Esta
alternativa é permitida somente em distribuição não comerciais, e
apenas se você recebeu o programa em forma de código-objeto ou
executável, com oferta de acordo com a Subseção b acima.)
O código-fonte de um trabalho corresponde à forma de trabalho
preferida para se fazer modificações. Para um trabalho em forma
executável, o código-fonte completo significa todo o código-fonte de
todos os módulos que ele contém, mais quaisquer arquivos de definição
de "interface", mais os "scripts" utilizados para se controlar a
compilação e a instalação do executável. Contudo, como exceção
especial, o código-fonte distribuído não precisa incluir qualquer
componente normalmente distribuído (tanto em forma original quanto
binária) com os maiores componentes (o compilador, o "kernel" etc.) do
sistema operacional sob o qual o executável funciona, a menos que o
componente em si acompanhe o executável.
Se a distribuição do executável ou código-objeto é feita através da
oferta de acesso a cópias de algum lugar, então ofertar o acesso
equivalente a cópia, do mesmo lugar, do código-fonte equivale à
distribuição do código-fonte, mesmo que terceiros não sejam compelidos
a copiar o código-fonte com o código-objeto.
4. Você não pode copiar, modificar, sub-licenciar ou distribuir o
Programa, exceto de acordo com as condições expressas nesta
Licença. Qualquer outra tentativa de cópia, modificação,
sub-licenciamento ou distribuição do Programa não é valida, e
cancelará automaticamente os direitos que lhe foram fornecidos por
esta Licença. No entanto, terceiros que de você receberam cópias ou
direitos, fornecidos sob os termos desta Licença, não terão suas
licenças terminadas, desde que permaneçam em total concordância com
ela.
5. Você não é obrigado a aceitar esta Licença já que não a
assinou. No entanto, nada mais o dará permissão para modificar ou
distribuir o Programa ou trabalhos derivados deste. Estas ações são
proibidas por lei, caso você não aceite esta Licença. Desta forma, ao
modificar ou distribuir o Programa (ou qualquer trabalho derivado do
Programa), você estará indicando sua total aceitação desta Licença
para fazê-los, e todos os seus termos e condições para copiar,
distribuir ou modificar o Programa, ou trabalhos baseados nele.
6. Cada vez que você redistribuir o Programa (ou qualquer trabalho
baseado nele), os recebedores adquirirão automaticamente do
licenciador original uma licença para copiar, distribuir ou modificar
o Programa, sujeitos a estes termos e condições. Você não poderá impor
aos recebedores qualquer outra restrição ao exercício dos direitos
então adquiridos. Você não é responsável em garantir a concordância de
terceiros a esta Licença.
7. Se, em conseqüência de decisões judiciais ou alegações de
infringimento de patentes ou quaisquer outras razões (não limitadas a
assuntos relacionados a patentes), condições forem impostas a você
(por ordem judicial, acordos ou outras formas) e que contradigam as
condições desta Licença, elas não o livram das condições desta
Licença. Se você não puder distribuir de forma a satisfazer
simultaneamente suas obrigações para com esta Licença e para com as
outras obrigações pertinentes, então como conseqüência você não poderá
distribuir o Programa. Por exemplo, se uma licença de patente não
permitirá a redistribuição, livre de "royalties", do Programa, por
todos aqueles que receberem cópias direta ou indiretamente de você,
então a única forma de você satisfazer a ela e a esta Licença seria a
de desistir completamente de distribuir o Programa.
Se qualquer parte desta seção for considerada inválida ou não
aplicável em qualquer circunstância particular, o restante da seção se
aplica, e a seção como um todo se aplica em outras circunstâncias.
O propósito desta seção não é o de induzi-lo a infringir quaisquer
patentes ou reivindicação de direitos de propriedade outros, ou a
contestar a validade de quaisquer dessas reivindicações; esta seção
tem como único propósito proteger a integridade dos sistemas de
distribuição de software livres, o que é implementado pela prática de
licenças públicas. Várias pessoas têm contribuído generosamente e em
grande escala para os software distribuídos usando este sistema, na
certeza de que sua aplicação é feita de forma consistente; fica a
critério do autor/doador decidir se ele ou ela está disposto a
distribuir software utilizando outro sistema, e um licenciado não pode
impor qualquer escolha.
Esta seção destina-se a tornar bastante claro o que se acredita ser
conseqüência do restante desta Licença.
8. Se a distribuição e/ou uso do Programa são restringidos em certos
países por patentes ou direitos autorais, o detentor dos direitos
autorais original, e que colocou o Programa sob esta Licença, pode
incluir uma limitação geográfica de distribuição, excluindo aqueles
países de forma a tornar a distribuição permitida apenas naqueles ou
entre aqueles países então não excluídos. Nestes casos, esta Licença
incorpora a limitação como se a mesma constasse escrita nesta Licença.
9. A Free Software Foundation pode publicar versões revisadas e/ou
novas da Licença Pública Geral de tempos em tempos. Estas novas
versões serão similares em espírito à versão atual, mas podem diferir
em detalhes que resolvem novos problemas ou situações.
A cada versão é dada um número distinto. Se o Programa especifica um
número de versão específico desta Licença que se aplica a ele e a
"qualquer nova versão", você tem a opção de aceitar os termos e
condições daquela versão ou de qualquer outra versão publicada pela
Free Software Foundation. Se o programa não especifica um número de
versão desta Licença, você pode escolher qualquer versão já publicada
pela Free Software Foundation.
10. Se você pretende incorporar partes do Programa em outros
programas livres cujas condições de distribuição são diferentes,
escreva ao autor e solicite permissão. Para o software que a Free
Software Foundation detém direitos autorais, escreva à Free Software
Foundation; às vezes nós permitimos exceções a este caso. Nossa
decisão será guiada pelos dois objetivos de preservar a condição de
liberdade de todas as derivações do nosso software livre, e de
promover o compartilhamento e reutilização de software em aspectos
gerais.
AUSÊNCIA DE GARANTIAS
11. UMA VEZ QUE O PROGRAMA É LICENCIADO SEM ÔNUS, NÃO HÁ QUALQUER
GARANTIA PARA O PROGRAMA, NA EXTENSÃO PERMITIDA PELAS LEIS
APLICÁVEIS. EXCETO QUANDO EXPRESSADO DE FORMA ESCRITA, OS DETENTORES
DOS DIREITOS AUTORAIS E/OU TERCEIROS DISPONIBILIZAM O PROGRAMA "NO
ESTADO", SEM QUALQUER TIPO DE GARANTIAS, EXPRESSAS OU IMPLÍCITAS,
INCLUINDO, MAS NÃO LIMITADO A, AS GARANTIAS IMPLÍCITAS DE
COMERCIALIZAÇÃO E AS DE ADEQUAÇÃO A QUALQUER PROPÓSITO. O RISCO TOTAL
COM A QUALIDADE E DESEMPENHO DO PROGRAMA É SEU. SE O PROGRAMA SE
MOSTRAR DEFEITUOSO, VOCÊ ASSUME OS CUSTOS DE TODAS AS MANUTENÇÕES,
REPAROS E CORREÇÕES.
12. EM NENHUMA OCASIÃO, A MENOS QUE EXIGIDO PELAS LEIS APLICÁVEIS OU
ACORDO ESCRITO, OS DETENTORES DOS DIREITOS AUTORAIS, OU QUALQUER OUTRA
PARTE QUE POSSA MODIFICAR E/OU REDISTRIBUIR O PROGRAMA CONFORME
PERMITIDO ACIMA, SERÃO RESPONSABILIZADOS POR VOCÊ POR DANOS, INCLUINDO
QUALQUER DANO EM GERAL, ESPECIAL, ACIDENTAL OU CONSEQÜENTE,
RESULTANTES DO USO OU INCAPACIDADE DE USO DO PROGRAMA (INCLUINDO, MAS
NÃO LIMITADO A, A PERDA DE DADOS OU DADOS TORNADOS INCORRETOS, OU
PERDAS SOFRIDAS POR VOCÊ OU POR OUTRAS PARTES, OU FALHAS DO PROGRAMA
AO OPERAR COM QUALQUER OUTRO PROGRAMA), MESMO QUE TAL DETENTOR OU
PARTE TENHAM SIDO AVISADOS DA POSSIBILIDADE DE TAIS DANOS.
FIM DOS TERMOS E CONDIÇÕES
Como Aplicar Estes Termos aos Seus Novos Programas
Se você desenvolver um novo programa, e quer que ele seja utilizado
amplamente pelo público, a melhor forma de alcançar este objetivo é
torná-lo software livre que qualquer um pode redistribuir e alterar,
sob estes termos.
Para isso, anexe os seguintes avisos ao programa. É mais seguro
anexá-los logo no início de cada arquivo-fonte para reforçarem mais
efetivamente a inexistência de garantias; e cada arquivo deve possuir
pelo menos a linha de "copyright" e uma indicação de onde o texto
completo se encontra.
Copyright (C)
Este programa é software livre; você pode redistribuí-lo e/ou
modificá-lo sob os termos da Licença Pública Geral GNU, conforme
publicada pela Free Software Foundation; tanto a versão 2 da
Licença como (a seu critério) qualquer versão mais nova.
Este programa é distribuído na expectativa de ser útil, mas SEM
QUALQUER GARANTIA; sem mesmo a garantia implícita de
COMERCIALIZAÇÃO ou de ADEQUAÇÃO A QUALQUER PROPÓSITO EM
PARTICULAR. Consulte a Licença Pública Geral GNU para obter mais
detalhes.
Você deve ter recebido uma cópia da Licença Pública Geral GNU
junto com este programa; se não, escreva para a Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
02111-1307, USA.
Inclua também informações sobre como contactá-lo eletronicamente e por
carta.
Se o programa é interativo, faça-o mostrar um aviso breve como este,
ao iniciar um modo interativo:
Gnomovision versão 69, Copyright (C) ano nome do autor
O Gnomovision não possui QUALQUER GARANTIA; para obter mais
detalhes digite `show w'. Ele é software livre e você está
convidado a redistribui-lo sob certas condições; digite `show c'
para obter detalhes.
Os comandos hipotéticos `show w' e `show c' devem mostrar as partes
apropriadas da Licença Pública Geral. Claro, os comandos que você usar
podem ser ativados de outra forma que `show w' e `show c'; eles podem
até ser cliques do mouse ou itens de um menu -- o que melhor se
adequar ao programa.
Você também deve obter do seu empregador (se você trabalha como
programador) ou escola, se houver, uma "declaração de ausência de
direitos autorais" sobre o programa, se necessário. Aqui está um
exemplo; altere os nomes:
Yoyodyne, Inc., aqui declara a ausência de quaisquer direitos
autorais sobre o programa `Gnomovision' (que executa interpretações
em compiladores) escrito por James Hacker.
, 1o. de abril de 1989
Ty Con, Vice-presidente
Esta Licença Pública Geral não permite incorporar seu programa em
programas proprietários. Se seu programa é uma biblioteca de
sub-rotinas, você deve considerar mais útil permitir ligar aplicações
proprietárias com a biblioteca. Se isto é o que você deseja, use a
Licença Pública Geral de Bibliotecas GNU, ao invés desta Licença.
Informacja o nieoficjalnych tumaczeniach FSF nie akceptuje tych przekadów jako oficjalnych, majcych moc prawn, gdy ich sprawdzenie byoby trudne i kosztowne (wymagaoby pomocy znajcych oba jêzyki prawników z odpowiednich krajów). Co gorsze, gdyby jednak przeoelizgn siê bd, skutki byyby katastrofalne dla caej spoecznooeci wolnego oprogramowania. Dopóki tumaczenia s nieoficjalne, nie mog poczyniæ szkody, a mamy nadziejê, e pomog wiêkszej liczbie ludzi zrozumieæ GPL.
Niniejszym udzielamy zezwolenia na publikacjê przekadów GPL, GFDL lub LGPL na inne jêzyki pod warunkiem: (1) oznakowania takich tumaczeñ jako nieoficjalnych (poniej wskazano jak to zrobiæ), tak by czytajcy by poinformowany, e pod wzglêdem prawnym nie s one zamienne z oryginaln wersj, oraz (2) zgody na wnoszenie zmian na nasz prooebê, jeoeli dowiemy siê od innych przyjació GNU, e dla lepszej jasnooeci przekadu poprawki s niezbêdne.
Aby zaznaczyæ, e tumaczenie jest nieoficjalne, naley na pocztku dodaæ poniszy tekst, zarówno po angielsku, jak i w jêzyku przekadu -- zastêpujc nazwê jêzyka (language) odpowiedni nazw.
This is an unofficial translation of the GNU General Public License into language. It was not published by the Free Software Foundation, and does not legally state the distribution terms for software that uses the GNU GPL--only the original English text of the GNU GPL does that. However, we hope that this translation will help language speakers understand the GNU GPL better. W tumaczeniu (tekst adaptowany z polskiej wersji GNU GPL): To jest nieoficjalne tumaczenie Powszechnej Licencji Publicznej GNU na nazwa jêzyka. Nie zostao opublikowane przez Free Software Foundation i pod wzglêdem prawnym nie stanowi warunków rozpowszechniania oprogramowania stosujcego GNU GPL -- ustanawia je wycznie oryginalny angielski tekst licencji GNU GPL. Jednak mamy nadziejê, e pomoe ono lepiej zrozumieæ Licencjê osobom mówicym po nazwa jêzyka. Jeoeli przetumaczylioecie któroe z licencji GNU, prosimy o powiadomienie odpowiedzialnych za tumaczenia <web-trans@gnu.org>. Sprawdz, czy przekad spenia powysze wskazówki i utworz do niego odnooenik z niniejszej strony.
Powszechna Licencja Publiczna GNU
Tumaczenie GPL na brazylijski portugalski Tumaczenie GPL na bugarski Tumaczenie GPL na czeski Tumaczenie GPL na esperanto Tumaczenia GPL na (francuski) Tumaczenie GPL na galicyjski Tumaczenie GPL na grecki (w formacie PDF i TXT). Tumaczenie GPL na gruziñski Tumaczenie GPL na hebrajski Tumaczenie GPL na hiszpañski Tumaczenie GPL na holenderski Tumaczenie GPL na indonezyjski Tumaczenie GPL na japoñski (1) (2) Tumaczenie GPL na kataloñski Tumaczenie GPL na koreañski Tumaczenie GPL na niemiecki Tumaczenie GPL na polski Tumaczenie GPL na portugalski (brazylijski) Tumaczenie GPL na rosyjski (1) (2) Tumaczenie GPL na rumuñski Tumaczenie GPL na szwedzki Tumaczenie GPL na tajski Tumaczenie GPL na turecki Tumaczenie GPL na ukraiñski Tumaczenie GPL na woski
Mniejsza Powszechna Licencja Publiczna GNU
Tumaczenie LGPL na japoñski Tumaczenie LGPL na koreañski Tumaczenie LGPL na niemiecki Tumaczenie LGPL na rosyjski Tumaczenie LGPL na turecki
Licencja GNU Wolnej Dokumentacji
Tumaczenie GFDL na brazylijski portugalski. Tumaczenie GFDL na francuski (1) (2) Tumaczenie GFDL na hebrajski Tumaczenie GFDL na hiszpañski hiszpañski Tumaczenie GFDL na japoñski Tumaczenie GFDL na koreañski Tumaczenie GFDL na polski. Tumaczenie GFDL na rosyjski Tumaczenie GFDL na woski
GNU General Public License English What to do if you see a possible GPL violation Translations of the GPL GPL Frequently Asked Questions The GNU General Public License (GPL) in plain text format The GNU General Public License (GPL) in Texinfo format Table of Contents GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Preamble TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does. Copyright (C) yyyy name of author This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License. Return to GNU's home page. FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. Other ways to contact the FSF. Comments on these web pages to webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org. Copyright notice above. Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA Updated: Last modified: Sun Jul 15 13:13:30 CEST 2001
GNU General Public License
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Table of Contents
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Preamble
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) yyyy name of author
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.
Return to GNU's home page.
FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. Other ways to contact the FSF.
Comments on these web pages to webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.
Copyright notice above.
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Updated: Last modified: Sun Jul 15 13:13:30 CEST 2001
Windows 2000: A reliable comprehensive and integrated operating system platform delivering seamless interoperability, scalability, and performance, and broad application support.
Windows 2000 Linux Seamless integration into heterogeneous environments Windows 2000-based server appliances deliver seamless integration and interoperability with Windows, UNIX, and heterogeneous networks. For example: Built-in support for Single Sign-On (SSO), which allows end users access to all authorized network resources with a single authentication. Support for both CIFS and NFS in an integrated fashion, easily enabling interoperability between UNIX and Windows-based networks. Integrated support for Windows NT®, FTP, HTTP, Appletalk, and Novell environments, which enables consolidated administration in heterogeneous networks. Via Winsock and other programming interfaces, both Windows and non-Windows-based clients or servers can seamlessly access a Windows 2000 Server-based network attached storage (NAS) server appliance. Linux does not deliver comparable heterogeneous interoperability. For example: No support for SSO, thus requiring end users to use at least two logon names and passwords--one for Windows and one for Linux/UNIX. Support for CIFS but only via Samba, not as an integrated, tested solution. Linux/Samba requires additional components and integration work by the OEM to match the integration built into Windows 2000. Thus, the OEM must focus resources on development, integration, testing, and ongoing maintenance of the operating system, increasing development cost and slowing time-to-market. Aside from compatibility issues with Windows 2000, Samba has known backwards compatibility issues as well as compatibility issues with the underlying Linux operating system. For example, file system quota interfaces have diverged in different versions of Linux 2.4x kernels, which means Samba will work properly on some Linux distributions but not others. This potentially ties the OEM to a particular Linux vendor's distribution and its support programs. Given the recent cutbacks and layoffs at many commercial Linux vendors, including Red Hat's recent 17 percent reduction in it workforce, it is questionable whether commercial Linux vendors will be around to provide support in the long term, thus increasing the business risk to the OEM.
Server appliances built with Windows 2000 integrate seamlessly into Active DirectoryTM network environments. Without any extra administrative tasks, Active Directory creates a two-way, trust relationship between domains, providing single authentication and easier access to information and resources across multiple domains throughout an organization.
Linux does not support trust relationships across domains or forests and thus cannot act as a trusted element in Novell Directory Service and Windows NT Domain-based networks. This makes it difficult to integrate Linux-based server appliances into such heterogeneous network environments.
Windows 2000 Linux Industry-leading scalability and performance Windows 2000-based server appliances deliver industry-leading robustness and scalability with Symmetrical Multiprocessing (SMP) support for up to eight processors and advanced features such as asynchronous and specialized I/O, hot-fix support, and hierarchical storage management. Linux provides support for SMP but supports only synchronous I/O, which introduces contention and thus limits SMP scalability. Furthermore, Linux offers no support for hot fixes and does not have a hierarchical storage management capability. Server appliances built with Windows 2000 provide native, integrated, mature support for Network Load Balancing (NLB) and clustering (failover). Windows 2000 Advanced Server supports load balancing clusters of up to 32, enabling Windows 2000 Server-based server appliances to scale out to meet peak demand requirements. Furthermore, Windows 2000 Server ships with a file replication service and full support for content deployment and replication for Web farms is provided via Microsoft Application Server. Linux offers both free and commercially available add-on clustering and load balancing solutions. However, these add-on clustering solutions come from various sources, do not conform to any set standards, and are often implemented on a particular Linux distribution. This can tie the OEM to a particular, potentially financially unstable Linux vendor and its support programs, or force the OEM to maintain specific and expensive expertise in-house for self-support. Furthermore, clustering solutions are new to Linux, lack some key features, and documentation can be insufficient. For example, Red Hat's High Availability Server is a customized distribution of Red Hat Linux version 6.2 with Red Hat's Piranha clustering package. In its review of the product, ZDNet noted: "Offices without Linux gurus on staff should seriously consider buying Red Hat's service package, especially because the documentation included with the software does not describe how to implement the product with any operating system other than Red Hat Linux 6.2". ZDNet also noted that Red Hat's High Availability Server also "lacks content replication support", a critical feature for Web server appliances in Web farms. The OEM would need to source or build and then integrate and test these technologies itself to build a comprehensive solution. Taken together, these limitations make building and maintaining a clustering solution on Linux a challenge for the OEM and can increase both cost and time-to-market. Server appliances built on Windows 2000 perform better versus Linux on similar equipment in SPECweb tests. A SPECweb99 study found that a Windows 2000 Web server could process more requests and serve more users than a similarly configured computer running Linux. The Windows 2000-based server with Internet Information Server (IIS) 5.0 handled 707 concurrent connections, compared to 545 connections for the Linux-based.
Windows 2000 Linux Comprehensive application support Windows 2000 delivers native support for Active Server Pages (ASP), giving direct access to the IIS transaction engine kernel. Furthermore, server appliances built with Windows 2000 also provide out-of-the-box support for ASP.NET, a rich and very robust framework for creating ASP application code. ASP.NET is a compiled.NET-enabled environment, offering developers the ability to build enterprise-class Web applications in any.NET compatible language including Visual Basic, C#, and JScript. Linux offers support for ASP but it is non-native and requires an add-on program to Apache or some other Web server deployed on Linux. This means incremental engineering and development effort by the OEM, further impacting cost of development and time-to-market. Linux does not support ASP.NET. Server appliances built on Windows 2000 deliver comprehensive application support with an integrated component model for distributed or Web-based applications; multimedia services; and built-in message queuing for asynchronous communications, integrated application integration, and transaction-processing.
Linux has no available framework for developing distributed or Web-based applications and no integrated implementation of COM, DCOM, Enterprise Java Beans (EJB), and no integrated transaction-processing monitor or queuing system. This means the OEM has to source or build this functionality, resulting in extra development, higher cost, and a longer time-to-market.
Windows 2000 Linux Proven reliability with enhanced recovery and data protection Windows 2000-based server appliances provide advanced reliability features including a mature, well-tested journaling file system (JFS), which enables easy, dependable file system recovery and ensures no loss of data in the event of unscheduled downtime. Windows 2000 also offers support for Plug and Play, hot-swapping and kernel mode write protection. Windows 2000 also provides system file protection and Windows File Protection, which help speed recovery in case of failure, without any user interaction. Linux now has over five options for a JFS. All of these are new to Linux and the depth of integration and regression testing can be scattered and the number of real-world implementations limited. The OEM will need to verify for itself the integration, depth of testing, and in-field results. With Linux, the OEM will have to take on the extra integration work to incorporate an add-in JFS or opt for a vendor-specific Linux distribution such as Red Hat, tying the OEM to that vendor for ongoing upgrades, support, and maintenance at an extra cost. Furthermore, Linux offers only limited support for Plug and Play, no kernel mode protection, and no functionality equivalent to Windows File Protection--significantly increasing difficulty and time when recovering from a failure. Windows 2000 Server is a completely integrated, extensively tested operating system with built-in support for an array of protocols and drivers, as well as advanced technologies including Internet Information Services (IIS), clustering, Network Load Balancing (NLB), Windows Management Infrastructure (WMI) and the Active Directory (AD) service. In addition, Microsoft uses powerful stress testing and integration testing with teams of dedicated test engineers to ensure system integrity and that solutions work across multiple features. Linux distributions are a collection of technologies from multiple sources that lack true integration. Some commercial Linux vendors may provide setup scripts that allow certain blocks of code to load in proper sequence but this is not true integration and does not provide a comprehensively tested solution. Furthermore, given financial and resource constraints, commercial Linux vendors often lack the means to employ comprehensive and extensive hardware and driver testing, trusting open source participants to test on their behalf or leaving the OEM to do the test and quality assurance work, thus increasing the OEM's cost and time-to-market. Windows 2000 provides support for advanced reliability features, including volume management, which lets storage capacity be transparently extended without interrupting existing services, and volume spanning, which enables more efficient use of multiple-disk systems. In addition, Windows 2000 provides extensive, mature support for both software and hardware RAID. Windows 2000 supports thousands of RAID installations worldwide and the Microsoft Hardware Compatibility List for Windows 2000 lists hundreds of tested and certified drivers for RAID storage arrays, controllers, and systems. Some Linux distributions do ship with Logical Volume Management (LVM), but these implementations are new to Linux and require extra tuning by the OEM, thus increasing development costs and time-to-market. Linux does offer software RAID support but hardware RAID support is less comprehensive than Windows 2000. For example, Red Hat's Hardware Compatibility List has only two RAID storage/device controller certified drivers and Mandrake's Hardware Compatibility List notes only three certified RAID storage adapters. Driver signing in Windows 2000 offers OEMs the assurance that all drivers originate from a trusted source that has undertaken extensive testing and certification. Also, Windows 2000 enables OEMs to utilize standard, widely available hardware along with thousands of tested, certified drivers to build a server appliance.
Driver availability and certification can be inconsistent in Linux. Many of the drivers available for Linux have received little if any testing and are offered as non-supported drivers both from the open source participants and from commercial Linux vendors. For example, Red Hat's most current Hardware Compatibility List has less than 100 certified drivers and most of those listed are complete systems, not hardware components or peripherals.
The Microsoft Server Appliance Kit (SAK) provides OEMs with a comprehensive, powerful tool to build server appliances quickly and get to market sooner.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux Faster time-to-market via powerful tools and extensive framework The Microsoft Server Appliance Kit (SAK) provides a comprehensive, powerful toolkit to help an OEM build server appliances quickly and easily. This allows the OEM to focus its resources on adding value, rather than building an operating system from multiple components and add-on pieces. The SAK also provides powerful tools that include: Powerful Web User Interface (UI) for remote management of headless appliances Framework for supporting a local UI (LCD or LED), desirable on some server appliance implementations NAS-specific tools in the Web UI that enable the creation and management of shares for Windows, UNIX, Appletalk, Novell, FTP, and Web, as well as the creation and management of folders A Multiple Device Manager, available now at no extra cost, which enables an administrator to manage over 100 appliances from a single console Linux offers no standard toolkit for the development of server appliances. An OEM must invest in third-party tools at extra cost as well as in-house development resources to get the kind of toolkit functionality delivered by the Microsoft SAK. For example: Netmax offers Internet Server Management Suite software for remote Web-based and multiple device management for $139 per-server. Various Multiple Device Management solutions are available from open source participants, but these require extra integration and engineering work by the OEM. In addition, open source components are often licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), which may expose the OEM's intellectual property and source code to open source participants and its competitors.
The SAK includes an extensible reliability framework that includes watchdog timers, basic input/output system (BIOS) failover, automatic mirroring, and an appliance monitor service for excellent reliability and data protection.
Linux offers no reliability framework to enhance system reliability. An OEM must source this functionality from third parties at an extra cost or develop it in-house, thus increasing development cost and time-to-market.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux Ease of integration, deployment, and administration in a more secure environment Native support for Active Directory (AD) enables server appliances built with Windows 2000 to integrate seamlessly into a Windows enterprise network. Active Directory provides additional remote management for appliances in addition to the Web UI and automates major portions of deployment by defining directory-based policy to each class of Windows 2000 server appliance. For alternative method of server appliance management, Windows 2000 supports extensive scripting via Windows Management Instrumentation and Microsoft Terminal Services. Linux-based server appliances can be inserted into Active Directory environments, appearing as Windows NT 4.0 member servers, but, again, only when integrated with Samba 2.2 or higher, thus requiring the OEM to do extra development, integration, and testing work. Linux-based server appliances do not deliver equivalent functionality in an Active Directory environment, as Samba uses the Windows NT 4.0 SAM Application Programming Interface (API) and Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) to obtain account information from Active Directory. This implementation means server appliances built with Linux/Samba cannot support publishing their share information to Active Directory network. Server appliances built with Windows 2000 offer enterprise-level security with integrated support for Kerberos version 5.0, NTLM v2 authentication and a fast Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) server for data encryption over the Internet. Microsoft invests in and compensates both internal and third-party resources dedicated to rigorous security-specific testing to find and fix security issues quickly. For example, Microsoft has spent significant resources in building, enhancing, and applying automated tools that detect suspected buffer overruns in our code. Furthermore, as a leader in the software industry, Microsoft recently announced a broad, industry-wide effort around software security. Linux uses clear text for authentication, does not allow the configurations of individual permissions to the file level and does native support standard encryption technologies such as Kerberos version 5.0. Kerberos is only supported on Linux as an add-on solution and is not integrated into the operating system, thus requiring extra development time and cost for the OEM. In addition, Linux/Samba delivers only NTLM v1 support. Linux vendors and open source participants rely heavily on source access, taking it on faith that the "many eyes" of open source developers equal a more secure operating system. Recently, a TechRepublic article comparing security between Windows and Linux reported that up to its publication date in the autumn of 2001, Windows had 24 reported security vulnerabilities. In comparison, Red Hat Linux had 28 vulnerabilities. When you consider the difference in the size of the installed base of Windows 2000 to Red Hat Linux, the percentages indicate a higher degree of security vulnerabilities for Linux.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux Better business alignment with straightforward licensing and clarity of intellectual property ownership The Microsoft licensing model does not contain licensing provisions that require an OEM, and potentially its licensees, to disclose the source code for its intellectual property in a widespread fashion to open source participants. An OEM building a server appliance with Windows 2000 Server operating systems and the SAK has the assurance the software code and added value it develops remain the OEM's intellectual property. To ensure proper management of its intellectual property rights, an OEM must carefully examine an array of licensing complexities around the General Public License (GPL) that govern Linux. These complexities have resulted in embedded and dedicated operating system companies such as Wind River saying that they are seeing "a growing problem due to the growing uncertainty of using GPL-based code in embedded devices". An example of this risk can be taken from NVIDIA. An NVIDIA programmer, in the course of developing a driver for one of its products, used a portion of code from a freely available video driver. The developer failed to realize the code was licensed under the GPL and would therefore require NVIDIA to release the source code for its entire driver. Because NVIDIA did not want to release the source code to its commercial software, the company incurred substantial cost to develop a new driver that did not contain the GPL code.
Companies need to recognize that in embedded and dedicated devices, such as server appliances, significant gray areas exist in the implications of the GPL's terms. Some forms of code linking and commingling may or may not trigger legal obligations under the GPL. As Michael Scott and Michael Krieger, a lawyer and computer science professor respectively, recently wrote, "Rare is the month when a lawyer who specializes in technology does not have a new client asking for help in untangling an open source code problem".
Dear Ann Landers: My husband and I live in military housing. His supervisor recently moved in across the street. The wife has decided I am her new best friend.
"Eleanor" drops in to visit five times a day. Since she knows I don't smoke, she puts her cigarette butts out on my lawn. It doesn't help. Every piece of furniture in my living room smells of smoke. When my husband and I sit down to eat, Eleanor comes over and sits with us until we are finished. If she sees me get into my car, she grabs her purse and jumps in next to me. She doesn't care where I'm going. She wants to come, too. Last week was the last straw. She told her son I would pick him up from work because she knew I'd be going that way.
Eleanor is a major gossip and tells me things I should not know about other military personnel. She is loud, rude and vulgar. I cannot avoid her, and I cannot tell her off because she is the wife of my husband's boss. I am trying to keep the peace until we are permitted to move, but I don't know how long I can keep my cool. Advise me, please. -- Mouth Shut in Colorado
Dear Colorado: Lock your door so Eleanor cannot drop in during dinner. If she rings the bell, say, "So sorry, but we're eating now. I'll call you when we are finished." Then close the door immediately. Put boxes and packages in your car so she has nowhere to sit. If she asks you to pick up her son, tell her, "Sorry, but I have a doctor's appointment."
Be friendly and smile, but don't allow her to take advantage of you.
Dear Ann Landers: Eight months ago, I secretly married "Tony." We have been living together for two years. His mother lives with us. He does not want his mother to know we are married. (He still calls her "Mommy.")
Tony is mildly disabled from a car accident, and his mother is his primary caregiver. She is a wonderful woman, but whenever the subject of marriage comes up, she cries and asks what will happen to her. Tony says we shouldn't say anything about marriage until SHE is "ready."
I don't think she will ever be ready. I wouldn't mind if she lived nearby. In fact, I'd be willing to rent the apartment next door. But I think it's time my marriage was out in the open. Tony says I am being selfish. Am I? -- Patsy in Pennsylvania
Dear Patsy: You are not being selfish. Tony is a mama's boy. Tell him he has one week to let Mommy know you are married. After that, YOU will tell her. I wish you luck. You're going to need it.
Dear Ann Landers: I have been planning a family vacation with some friends, the "Smiths." We are taking a cruise together at the end of August. I made the mistake of mentioning the cruise to another friend, and she called yesterday to say she had booked the same cruise for her family.
I don't want to take a vacation with both of these families. They do not know each other, and I don't think they will get along. It will be awkward for us to split our time between them, and I am sure it will ruin my entire vacation. Is there any way to ask one of them to back out of the cruise? -- Don't Want to Hurt Feelings in Dallas
Dear Dallas: No. Your friends might get along fine, and if they don't, there are other things to do on a cruise. You are under no obligation to entertain them. Since your plans are to travel with the Smiths, concentrate on them, and try to have a good time.
Gem of the Day: Summer vacation is a time when parents realize that teachers are grossly underpaid.
Is alcohol ruining your life or the life of a loved one? "Alcoholism: How to Recognize It, How to Deal With It, How to Conquer It" can turn things around. Send a self-addressed, long, business-size envelope and a check or money order for $3.75 (this includes postage and handling) to: Alcohol, c/o Ann Landers, P.O. Box 11562, Chicago, Ill. 60611-0562. (In Canada, send $4.55.) To find out more about Ann Landers and read her past columns, visit the Creators Syndicate web page at www.creators.com.
ANN LANDERS (R)
COPYRIGHT 2002 CREATORS SYNDICATE, INC.
Avalanche
Now it's cold and the thermometer
Does very little good for those who've started their own fire
They keep warm; they've got metabolism
They stick together 'cause they're bastions of tribalism
The wind blows faster and lower
The fire's put out and the room is getting colder
Some discontent is growing frantic
But the snow keeps it's cool, it's got no need to panic!
It's coming
It's here
Keep running
Or you will become a victim of the avalanche
They crawl on out of their log cabin
They find no oxygen because the air is very thin
That is the avalanche; it takes away all life
They never see the beauty, they only see the strife
It's quite absurd, all the inhabitants
Have never seen the world they've only seen what's in their tents
It's unserene, and quite unsettling,
To face the uselessness that comes from years of meddling
It's just snow, it's only temporary
But they all think it's here to stay their attitude is scary
It's just fate, it's not predetermined
They're fighting off each other to make sure they get to heaven
They hate hell, fire and brimstone,
They burrow in the snow, it's fear of the unknown
They think they're OK, but what they don't know
Everybody in the world is equal before the snow
ANGST
Lately I've been drinking quite a bit of coffee, tea, jolt and lot of drink with caffeine
I've been trying to get away from the ever-present omnipotent fiend (of angst)
I stay home and take spas and masturbate but I can't escape from fate and I know mine
Is countless agendas of my own device and others and with agendas like these, who needs cyanide.
I love when the angst pushes me around
My head is killing me and my feet are on the ground
I feel executive I'm in control
Nobody pushes me around anymore
I push myself around till I've got hunger pangs
I love my strategy I love my angst
Let's talk about the issues for argument is always backed by sympathy and trust
This is the special way in which we take an issue stamp it out on the ground and pound it into dust
Intellectual debate is quite enriching so why do I feel so mechanical
Please do not touch me I'm hypersensitive and I think I have some business and I have somewhere to go
I'm not artistic I have no time for leisure
Do you really think I'm doing all of this for my pleasure?
Give me relationships or something else I can measure
Forget philosophy give me some strong black coffee that's something I can really treasure
ASCEND
I'm a bad mama jama / I'm a funky funky diva
I'm can marry Cleopatra / I can date the Queen of Sheba
I am like the President / I have got an Oval Office
I've got many principles / I'm a starving starving artist
Please do not mock me / I will ascend
I am not nervous / I shall not bend
I'm zooming zooming zooming with determination
The only question is - what's my destination?
I'm an powerful orator / I've got verbal assault
I'm the psychoanalator / All my methods are gestalt
If you need someone to cry on / Don't you know that I'll be there
I'm a high-ranking attorney / I've got flowers in my hair
If you think that I'm a phony / Then you are a hypocrite
I am not a once-trick pony / And my flow is always tight
I'm a leader, I'm a crony / I love both the day and night
Won't you please leave me alone-y / `Cause I'd hate if you were right.
HELP ME UP
Help me
Somebody help me up
Help me
Why won't somebody help me up?
I smell the smell of someone's well pool of hair gel
Ring the doorbell go show and tell welcome to hell
We fumble in and we begin to freeze in sin
The light is dim the fog is thin we have no chins
They sell us shoes we act like fools no way to lose
We miss our cues we flooze and smooze who's got the booze?
Those ad execs those graveyard specs those derelicts
They've made their pacts they've had their sex and none suspect
The imagery the walking bees men on their knees
Always say please just pay your fees sit down with ease
We disco dance we strut and prance in Paris, France
And at first glance glue of romance keep on your pants
Hey-Hey!
Hey-Hey
Here we go again
I had big dreams to become a big man
I was gonna be a millionaire
People would fall to their feet at a glance
Because of the big reputation I had
But I wondered how I could do it
Without any trouble, without any movement
I sat around `til my feet were dead
And now I'm stuck around here sittin' in my head
I let off steam `cause I'm not a big man
Every dog gets a minute, they say
Unless of course, you're the man
Then they give you a couple of days
I don't complain much about the world
I don't care much if I'm heard
I guess I just want the word
Or a lot of money, that would do
I think the french have a saying for this
I need a proverb of my own
I think ignorance is bliss
That's why I've made ignorance my home
I can't quote anybody on love
Or hate or greed, or any old thing
I just wanna hear the microwave ding
Stick my hand in, sans glove... let's go
My friends adore me and I adore them back
It's not easy being loved sometimes
A little loving is enough ot make you crack
Enough rythym to make you forget your rhymes
I want to play near the coast some day
And get picked up by the marines
Ok, so I'm no Tolstoy
I'm forgetting my dreams... let's go
ICON
My friends all told me one day I should join the circus
Consort with twelve foot men and the bearded lady
Now that's the kind of thing you see on the TV
And strangely that sort of thing appeals to me
And strangely that sort of thing appeals to me
And I'm emotionally needy
I just want everyone to see me
I am your premier primadonna
I want to be well known
I want to be an icon
I did my hair real nice and went into the store
I asked for money back and got something much more
My bubble reputation's all that counts to me
I ain't no son of a preacher man
I am the preacher please shake my hand
And now I can't ask for much more
I heard the sound of my own voice on phone
I like the way it resonates inside my head
I love the sound of my own voice
I would be me if I had the choice
You'll understand me if I don't get no attention
I don't get no respect says Rodney Dangerfield
Now all I ask for is a little reputation
I wonder who else is golfing?
I wonder who else is golfing?
Flick on the T.V and you'll see a news broadcaster
They've got nice makeup and they bring you all the news
I'm walking through the limelight in my new shoes
I am emotionally needy
Could that be Georgio Armani?
Plots have I laid to get my way ahead
No holding me back `cause I'm on the fast track
I am a Christian; No I am a crossdresser
Everyone pay me attention
Everyone pay me attention
Information
When I wake up in the morning
And I see my slippers right in front of me
And I slip on them on my feet and I go out to my front lawn
And I see somebody waiting there for me
And he says look up at the sky at the shining sun and butterflies And other things to make me feel happy
There's a lot of spectacles to be in tune to
But none of these things really do impress me
I want something in print
I want something in ink
I want material not spectacle
I don't need no spectacles
Keep my eyes glued to the ground
Pick up my examiner
Run back inside the house
I read the newspaper!
I listen to the radio!
I watch the television!
I see it come and go!
And I just keep runnin' on
and people are comin' on
I want my information now
Too late for that it's already evening
and they're coming with their blitzkreiging army
I'm gonna be shipped off and I know it's unfortunate
For others it is merely entertaining
Sitting in the barracks with existential teachers
While the memory of life I'm still retaining
With no deployment soon there's gonna be a skirmish
For cable we're considering retraining
But I still want something to see
Something to tell me how to be
It wouldn't do to have me run me would it maybe
No time for puzzling me
I don't appreciate that
I run to the time of day
I run to my personal idols
The Dow is up 44.7
and the economy is doing fine again they say
If you've invested stocks in the plastic implant market
now's the time to speculate they say
They keep on comin' out with a new analysis
And a new model of Chevrolet
I'm reading `bout a priest who sleeps with younger boys
and I am still preparing to pray
I thought I had a mind once too
But it's all turned to glue
And I wonder what a man like me is to do
I broke the knob today
I need some crazy glue
I'm already losing it
Who knows just what I'll do
I LOVE THE NORTHWEST
Log Cabins, Small Restaurants, Humans we, Don't see a lot
Lumberjacks, Old and mature, Cut down trees, Love nature
Supermarkets, Casinos, Every weekend, Into town we go
I'm Republican, And Christian, Play Bingo, Go fishing
Alaska, Wyoming, Montana, It's snowing
No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies
I...I love the Northwest
I...I love Old-time Religion
I...I have 3 surviving children
I love priests and cows and mom and pop stores
Subsidies, For lumber, Ameri, -can culture
Local news, Local events, Some dog shows, Some flat beds
The Highways, Bring rations, To British, Petroleums
The Forests', On fire, Carpenters, For hire
Washington, Colorado, Oregon, 60 below
No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies
I...I love the Northwest
I...I love country music
I...I'm individualistic
I love squirrels and trees and gambling on Sundays
You yuppie, Easterner, We don't take, Kindly to ya.
Californians, We love `em, They bring in, Tourism
Populism, Democracy, Get rid of, Bureaucracy
Some pancakes, Shiny Rifles, Gone Hunting, See ya in a while
Idaho, North Dakota, South Dakota, No quota
No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies
I...I love the Northwest
I...I'm in touch with nature
I...I respect men of stature
I love woolen caps and skinning snakes and America
I...I love the Northwest
Drive your car, drive your car and park it
Park your car outside the supermarket
The past is gone, but don't feel like a loser
Cause the past is a lot like the future
On and On
There's no time for the past or the present
On and On
Onwards to the future
Here comes the posse, they're walking eight by four
They'll walk right in and pound upon your door
Don't try to hide underneath the floor
Your human rights won't help you anymore
The light turns green, you go cause it's a reflex
Your windows sheen, you keep them clean with windex
This is the movement that we must rehearse
One step forward, ten steps in reverse
PAINTING
Before I lay me down to sleep,
I ask why all the Christians weep?
I ask what all the Muslims do?
I ask them where we're going to?
I ask the Persians with their funny hats,
I ask the painters this or that.
I ask Americans with their hamburgers
I ask the corporations and their corporate mergers
Why is the world we live in so round?
With all these things springing out of the ground -
Every single angle is juxtaposing -
Everything is random and not half worth knowing.
So admidst all the bustle and admidst all the bungle,
I pick up the paints and step into the jungle!
I like to live in all the canvases.
Painting... painting... Be quiet I'm
Painting
I'm painting the walls in my room
Colors
Colors go up and down my room
Insane
And yet making sense in a strange way
Painting
It's like a new work every day.
Before I wake up in the morn,
There's 90.7 children born!
The GNP is up 2 percent,
and somewhere somebody is celebrating Lent.
Germans doing business in Tokyo,
Disney marketing Pinnochio,
America is seized with condomania,
and fascists taking power in Italia!
I look up at my house, it's very bright
I look out at the world, and I know it's right
Everything that was done and said
Just put these ideas in my head.
And just try to write it down.
It's over your head, can't think of a noun.
No I prefer to use my vivid colors
for painting... painting... move over I'm
Before I complete my business,
I check the world's agenda to see what I've missed.
I look at all the people who've been blessed,
and a new shampoo they call Caress.
I finish up the details on my work,
with accuracy never seen in a book.
And nobody will ever really get it,
It's my work of art, and so I'll let it
stay in my room with all the other ones
Bright bold colors brighter than the sun.
Way brighter than anyone's hats
And less popular than the musical Cats.
And people may call me insane,
and keep me up here to reduce the pain
But I will never go inane
for I'm painting... painting... Yes I am
Paranoia
Look everyone's around here and/I'm walking up I'm talking up
Quit joking/Stop looking up quit your corrupt
New actions/They stop me up they punch me up
I'm looking/I'm Checking up I'm checking up
And everyone here/considers consequences
While I'm looking them over/I bet they are all out for me
And everyone is out for me if I turn my back they'll get me/They'll look and take what I don't see if careful I'm not meant to be
Keep thinking...Keep thinking in line...Yes I'll
Keep thinking...Keep thinking in line...Yes I
Wearing bright new colors/That I don't have, what I can't have
They're thinking/They're thinking this, they're thinking that
I'm swearing/that I just can't do what I can
For looking/Say what's their plan? What's their plan?
And nobody around/feeling pretentious
Sitting on the ground/With their apprehensions
Perhaps it just depends on me if I am paranoid you see/It comes right from my history of looking just at what I be
Reaching for the heavens/That don't exist, that don't exist
Looking through a window/Covered in mist, covered in mist
Checking their agenda/I see their list, I see their list
I could've been on there/But them I missed; They can't be missed.
My shoulders/I'm looking over them
I can't see/But it all looks grim
And now everyone is talking in a language I don't understand/I thought I had a code once too but I seem to have lost my hands
Stealing some possessions/That I've always felt I should have
You think it's robbery/And that's my plan, that's my plan
I'm not a car thief/The men do not call me a man
Look out behind me/They're on my tail, on my tail
Feel the paranoia/It's starting to grow
Something here/I'm starting to glow
I've always felt I can't I be rushed and somehow cut around the bush/But now I'm here and it's a
mush of language that was rarely flushed
Lying down for a nights sleep/that I won't get, that I won't get
I will never make a peep/That you can bet, that you can bet
This may sound corny/It gets worse yet, it gets worse yet
Of sleep I cannot get a wink/Because of something I heard said
Something behind me/I'm sure that's it is
I can't see/But I'm sure it's grim
I'm leaving all the lights on `till my memory is not so ill/I could've solved it with a pill but I seem to have lost the will
PICTURES OF PEOPLE
I wrote this song about a 16-year old girl who was far too young for me. When this song was first produced, the atmosphere was very tense and Ryan Beebe, the producer, threw a cup at my cousin's head. Strangely, this event added somewhat to the cutting-edge production now captured here on CD.
Steamroller
Destruction and obliteration
I'd like to lend you a hand
We sanctioned you to knock down Main Street
Steamroller, you knocked us all off our feet
You knocked down everything that we once found neat
Now we don't care if our lives are incomplete
We set up cafes and kiosks, we're selling Steamroller T-Shirts
And popcorn on the sidewalk... we've got front row seats.
Steamroller I love you
You're live in color better than TV
You can flatten my friends and my whole family
Steamroller I love you
Main Street lies in rubble
Steamroller, don't give us trouble
We don't deserve it 'cause we think that you're the swellest
Please don't flatten us, do it to someone else
Some activists from out of town
Say we should tear the steamroller down
We'll get 'em with our lawyers, the litigation's pending
Why bother ever thinking? This fun is never ending.
And now the steamroller's gone
The town holds a telethon
To raise some money to get the steamroller back
Buildings are dust and streets are all cracked
Thousands are homeless and the TV is gone
And those lousy activists advocate restraint
But we must have back steamroller, there's a principle involved
And that principle is, WE MUST BE ENTERTAINED!
TICK
I'm sick of life when I can't really describe the vocabulary I grew up with half the time
If it was all verbs then I'd use all actions, but there's a better way to control the factions
Its like there's no verbs left anymore, so pile on the nouns and bring a couple more
I hear sounds that sound American but I feel they're so thin that I know they're foreign...and lingering over one subject while you're still getting sleepy can cost you your lifeline....and violent dreams can pull down a man and make him say things he wouldn't even think of....and there's a stream where all the little fishes jump and tell hyperactive stories...it don't make much sense when all the bakers form militias to bring about fairer dairy taxes.
I'm sick of life here in Tel Aviv
And I'm gonna move down to the Gaza strip
I'm gonna get to meet all the Palestinians
And learn what makes `em tick what makes `em tick what makes `em
TICK TICK
I feel weird in the stomach when I think of all the nasty I've ever done to me
And the pretty girl, she's got the pretty curls, she does her whirls and then she conquers the world
If ignorance is bliss I'm blessed although following the logic I get rather depressed
I feel there's nothing left to be stressed and I feel quite strangely overdressed...and there's a cranefly who flies around me and I question him though he don't know much about it....and there's a taboo even though those who perpetrate the taboo know all about it....and there's a young man who thinks of Metternich and gets away with it and we don't know much about him....and there's a window where the elephants are having a parade while we've forgotten about them.
It's not a problem that everyone's the same it's only a problem that everyone's so lame
Rodney King knows why we can't all get along he found it out being clubbed to the ground
But then again, to be fair, we've reached the height of development in our styles of hair
I wish this wasn't the way things were but it is so I'm gonna get out of here...The revolution turned around on us `till all that was left was a flag-burning amendment...A devolution is what I say while the poets cry and the poetry has ended...Then I say OK if this is how it was supposed to be then I'll go along with it...it's just I can't help it that I somehow get this steady sinking feeling
VACUUM
I read a classic book
They say its worth a look
I sing a pretty song
I sing it all life long
You think its vacuous
It cleans up the mess
I hear the TVs on
I've got my clothing on
V - A - C - U - U - M
I'm in a vacuum
You know you suck me up
V - A - C - U - U - M
Another party's here
Somebody bought some beer
Went into a career
God bless the vacuum
Some more philosophy
I'll have some more please
They're praying on their knees
God save the vacuum
The vacuum is at school
It is the golden rule
The Great man.
Whether you are a fool
Or people think you're cool
Or intellectual
Or you play basketball
Or now that you're a slob
Or have a high-ranking job
MICROSCOPE HEAD
I am nothing to you
But you're nothing to me or to anyone else too
Please don't laugh at me
You are killing me softly with sincerity
If I take one shot it
I'm just trying to prove that you are my equal
You don't like me a lot
But if you hate the original you'll sure hate the sequel
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
Take a sweet sour look at your sickly pretenses
You don't impress me
Pumping all of the water out of the sea
While I sit in a sea of dead bees
Typing brainlessly for an evil committee
Hand in hand with super glue
You'll never leave me and I'll never leave you
But you'll bash my face in
And I'll spit on you and forbid any grinning
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
Take a look at your books and your pointless defenses
What a poor little thing
Trying so hard to part all the water
All alone in the ring
With your hand-me-style and prescription for slaughter
But you too, you're no good
Paying hundreds of dollars for heart-attack food
And not all the women in the world
Can straighten your back or punch holes in your mood
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
You get one caress and one final confession
And you'll never relax 'til the sun made of wax
And the general crushes you both
And a new peace treaty is signed to broken
Microscope Head
THE DANCE OF THE SKELETONS
This is the dance of the skeletons
They bring out the best in him
It's a shame, he's gone insance
Waiting for the rest of the them
They come in packs with Bermuda shorts
Bringing pot luck, playing their sports
It's a waste land of no taste
Entertaining all of them
I worry that you've lost the sparkle in your eye
And it's gone just like one in a million
I said no two snowflakes are ever alike
But you're proving me wrong altogether again
No sound from the shores of
The late night news where the
Children are gathered
To watch the confusion
A pretty young lady promised word
But her warning went quite unheard
It's serene, what a scene
Ending like the Dodo bird
I have told you timely and timely again
That you're one in a million like everyone
And the risk of exposure is too great for you
And you're proving me wrong all over again
I have the heard the dance of the
Skeletons below
I admit, I should quit
Trying to make them go
They are settled in the little town
Making coffee, grinding us down
They're astute, it's acute
Please give me the run-around
In every small town get a big dressing down
That tells you you're one in a million
But a skeleton knows you're as plain as the wood
That makes your small town's Shoe Pavilion
TAG ALONG
Hey, keep your opinions to yourself
Your jeans are the color of your eyes, your eyes are the color of the sky
But the sky is the color of the billboard flashing on and off telling me capri will be half off
Cause it's ladies night
And the feeling's wrong
Why can't I just tag along?
Each time you smile I see demons in your teeth and the demons smile right back at me
You whine and whine about the toss of the dice but you can't eat the whole pie just one slice of life
I can't feel my own heart beating I can't feel my own heart beating I can't feel my own heart beating, can you feel it beating can you feel it beating, can you feel it beat?
Less ladies and gentlemen, lite rock and less talk all for the low low price of $19.95 in monthly installments. Garunteed low APR financing for your mind, body, emotions, and soul.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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Preamble
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
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Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
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Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
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LICENÇA PÚBLICA GERAL GNU Versão 2, junho de 1991 This is an unofficial translation of the GNU General Public License into Brazilian Portuguese. It was not published by the Free Software Foundation, and does not legally state the distribution terms for software that uses the GNU GPL -- only the original English text of the GNU GPL does that. However, we hope that this translation will help Brazilian Portuguese speakers understand the GNU GPL better. Esta é uma tradução não-oficial da Licença Pública Geral GNU ("GPL GNU") para o português do Brasil. Ela não foi publicada pela Free Software Foundation, e legalmente não afirma os termos de distribuição de software que utiliza a GPL GNU -- apenas o texto original da GPL GNU, em inglês, faz isso. Contudo, esperamos que esta tradução ajude aos que utilizam o português do Brasil a entender melhor a GPL GNU. Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA A qualquer pessoa é permitido copiar e distribuir cópias desse documento de licença, desde que sem qualquer alteração. Introdução As licenças de muitos software são desenvolvidas para restringir sua liberdade de compartilhá-lo e mudá-lo. Contrária a isso, a Licença Pública Geral GNU pretende garantir sua liberdade de compartilhar e alterar software livres -- garantindo que o software será livre e gratuito para os seus usuários. Esta Licença Pública Geral aplica-se à maioria dos software da Free Software Foundation e a qualquer outro programa cujo autor decida aplicá-la. (Alguns outros software da FSF são cobertos pela Licença Pública Geral de Bibliotecas, no entanto.) Você pode aplicá-la também aos seus programas. Quando nos referimos a software livre, estamos nos referindo a liberdade e não a preço. Nossa Licença Pública Geral foi desenvolvida para garantir que você tenha a liberdade de distribuir cópias de software livre (e cobrar por isso, se quiser); que você receba o código-fonte ou tenha acesso a ele, se quiser; que você possa mudar o software ou utilizar partes dele em novos programas livres e gratuitos; e que você saiba que pode fazer tudo isso. Para proteger seus direitos, precisamos fazer restrições que impeçam a qualquer um negar estes direitos ou solicitar que você deles abdique. Estas restrições traduzem-se em certas responsabilidades para você, se você for distribuir cópias do software ou modificá-lo. Por exemplo, se você distribuir cópias de um programa, gratuitamente ou por alguma quantia, você tem que fornecer aos recebedores todos os direitos que você possui. Você tem que garantir que eles também recebam ou possam obter o código-fonte. E você tem que mostrar-lhes estes termos para que eles possam conhecer seus direitos. Nós protegemos seus direitos em dois passos: (1) com copyright do software e (2) com a oferta desta licença, que lhe dá permissão legal para copiar, distribuir e/ou modificar o software. Além disso, tanto para a proteção do autor quanto a nossa, gostaríamos de certificar-nos que todos entendam que não há qualquer garantia nestes software livres. Se o software é modificado por alguém mais e passado adiante, queremos que seus recebedores saibam que o que eles obtiveram não é original, de forma que qualquer problema introduzido por terceiros não interfira na reputação do autor original. Finalmente, qualquer programa é ameaçado constantemente por patentes de software. Queremos evitar o perigo de que distribuidores de software livre obtenham patentes individuais, o que tem o efeito de tornar o programa proprietário. Para prevenir isso, deixamos claro que qualquer patente tem que ser licenciada para uso livre e gratuito por qualquer pessoa, ou então que nem necessite ser licenciada. Os termos e condições precisas para cópia, distribuição e modificação se encontram abaixo: LICENÇA PÚBLICA GERAL GNU TERMOS E CONDIÇÕES PARA CÓPIA, DISTRIBUIÇÃO E MODIFICAÇÃO 0. Esta licença se aplica a qualquer programa ou outro trabalho que contenha um aviso colocado pelo detentor dos direitos autorais informando que aquele pode ser distribuído sob as condições desta Licença Pública Geral. O "Programa" abaixo refere-se a qualquer programa ou trabalho, e "trabalho baseado no Programa" significa tanto o Programa em si como quaisquer trabalhos derivados, de acordo com a lei de direitos autorais: isto quer dizer um trabalho que contenha o Programa ou parte dele, tanto originalmente ou com modificações, e/ou tradução para outros idiomas. (Doravante o processo de tradução está incluído sem limites no termo "modificação".) Cada licenciado é mencionado como "você". Atividades outras que a cópia, a distribuição e modificação não estão cobertas por esta Licença; elas estão fora de seu escopo. O ato de executar o Programa não é restringido e o resultado do Programa é coberto apenas se seu conteúdo contenha trabalhos baseados no Programa (independentemente de terem sido gerados pela execução do Programa). Se isso é verdadeiro depende do que o programa faz. 1. Você pode copiar e distribuir cópias fiéis do código-fonte do Programa da mesma forma que você o recebeu, usando qualquer meio, deste que você conspícua e apropriadamente publique em cada cópia um aviso de direitos autorais e uma declaração de inexistência de garantias; mantenha intactas todos os avisos que se referem a esta Licença e à ausência total de garantias; e forneça a outros recebedores do Programa uma cópia desta Licença, junto com o Programa. 2. Você pode modificar sua cópia ou cópias do Programa, ou qualquer parte dele, assim gerando um trabalho baseado no Programa, e copiar e distribuir essas modificações ou trabalhos sob os temos da seção 1 acima, desde que você também se enquadre em todas estas condições: a) Você tem que fazer com que os arquivos modificados levem avisos proeminentes afirmando que você alterou os arquivos, incluindo a data de qualquer alteração. b) Você tem que fazer com que quaisquer trabalhos que você distribua ou publique, e que integralmente ou em partes contenham ou sejam derivados do Programa ou de suas partes, sejam licenciados, integralmente e sem custo algum para quaisquer terceiros, sob os termos desta Licença. c) Se qualquer programa modificado normalmente lê comandos interativamente quando executados, você tem que fazer com que, quando iniciado tal uso interativo da forma mais simples, seja impresso ou mostrado um anúncio de que não há qualquer garantia (ou então que você fornece a garantia) e que os usuários podem redistribuir o programa sob estas condições, ainda informando os usuários como consultar uma cópia desta Licença. (Exceção: se o Programa em si é interativo mas normalmente não imprime estes tipos de anúncios, seu trabalho baseado no Programa não precisa imprimir um anúncio.) Estas exigências aplicam-se ao trabalho modificado como um todo. Se seções identificáveis de tal trabalho não são derivadas do Programa, e podem ser razoavelmente consideradas trabalhos independentes e separados por si só, então esta Licença, e seus termos, não se aplicam a estas seções quando você distribui-las como trabalhos em separado. Mas quando você distribuir as mesmas seções como parte de um todo que é trabalho baseado no Programa, a distribuição como um todo tem que se enquadrar nos termos desta Licença, cujas permissões para outros licenciados se estendem ao todo, portanto também para cada e toda parte independente de quem a escreveu. Desta forma, esta seção não tem a intenção de reclamar direitos os contestar seus direitos sobre o trabalho escrito completamente por você; ao invés disso, a intenção é a de exercitar o direito de controlar a distribuição de trabalhos, derivados ou coletivos, baseados no Programa. Adicionalmente, a mera adição ao Programa de outro trabalho não baseado no Programa (ou de trabalho baseado no Programa) em um volume de armazenamento ou meio de distribuição não faz o outro trabalho parte do escopo desta Licença. 3. Você pode copiar e distribuir o Programa (ou trabalho baseado nele, conforme descrito na Seção 2) em código-objeto ou em forma executável sob os termos das Seções 1 e 2 acima, desde que você faça um dos seguintes: a) O acompanhe com o código-fonte completo e em forma acessível por máquinas, que tem que ser distribuído sob os termos das Seções 1 e 2 acima e em meio normalmente utilizado para o intercâmbio de software; ou, b) O acompanhe com uma oferta escrita, válida por pelo menos três anos, de fornecer a qualquer um, com um custo não superior ao custo de distribuição física do material, uma cópia do código-fonte completo e em forma acessível por máquinas, que tem que ser distribuído sob os termos das Seções 1 e 2 acima e em meio normalmente utilizado para o intercâmbio de software; ou, c) O acompanhe com a informação que você recebeu em relação à oferta de distribuição do código-fonte correspondente. (Esta alternativa é permitida somente em distribuição não comerciais, e apenas se você recebeu o programa em forma de código-objeto ou executável, com oferta de acordo com a Subseção b acima.) O código-fonte de um trabalho corresponde à forma de trabalho preferida para se fazer modificações. Para um trabalho em forma executável, o código-fonte completo significa todo o código-fonte de todos os módulos que ele contém, mais quaisquer arquivos de definição de "interface", mais os "scripts" utilizados para se controlar a compilação e a instalação do executável. Contudo, como exceção especial, o código-fonte distribuído não precisa incluir qualquer componente normalmente distribuído (tanto em forma original quanto binária) com os maiores componentes (o compilador, o "kernel" etc.) do sistema operacional sob o qual o executável funciona, a menos que o componente em si acompanhe o executável. Se a distribuição do executável ou código-objeto é feita através da oferta de acesso a cópias de algum lugar, então ofertar o acesso equivalente a cópia, do mesmo lugar, do código-fonte equivale à distribuição do código-fonte, mesmo que terceiros não sejam compelidos a copiar o código-fonte com o código-objeto. 4. Você não pode copiar, modificar, sub-licenciar ou distribuir o Programa, exceto de acordo com as condições expressas nesta Licença. Qualquer outra tentativa de cópia, modificação, sub-licenciamento ou distribuição do Programa não é valida, e cancelará automaticamente os direitos que lhe foram fornecidos por esta Licença. No entanto, terceiros que de você receberam cópias ou direitos, fornecidos sob os termos desta Licença, não terão suas licenças terminadas, desde que permaneçam em total concordância com ela. 5. Você não é obrigado a aceitar esta Licença já que não a assinou. No entanto, nada mais o dará permissão para modificar ou distribuir o Programa ou trabalhos derivados deste. Estas ações são proibidas por lei, caso você não aceite esta Licença. Desta forma, ao modificar ou distribuir o Programa (ou qualquer trabalho derivado do Programa), você estará indicando sua total aceitação desta Licença para fazê-los, e todos os seus termos e condições para copiar, distribuir ou modificar o Programa, ou trabalhos baseados nele. 6. Cada vez que você redistribuir o Programa (ou qualquer trabalho baseado nele), os recebedores adquirirão automaticamente do licenciador original uma licença para copiar, distribuir ou modificar o Programa, sujeitos a estes termos e condições. Você não poderá impor aos recebedores qualquer outra restrição ao exercício dos direitos então adquiridos. Você não é responsável em garantir a concordância de terceiros a esta Licença. 7. Se, em conseqüência de decisões judiciais ou alegações de infringimento de patentes ou quaisquer outras razões (não limitadas a assuntos relacionados a patentes), condições forem impostas a você (por ordem judicial, acordos ou outras formas) e que contradigam as condições desta Licença, elas não o livram das condições desta Licença. Se você não puder distribuir de forma a satisfazer simultaneamente suas obrigações para com esta Licença e para com as outras obrigações pertinentes, então como conseqüência você não poderá distribuir o Programa. Por exemplo, se uma licença de patente não permitirá a redistribuição, livre de "royalties", do Programa, por todos aqueles que receberem cópias direta ou indiretamente de você, então a única forma de você satisfazer a ela e a esta Licença seria a de desistir completamente de distribuir o Programa. Se qualquer parte desta seção for considerada inválida ou não aplicável em qualquer circunstância particular, o restante da seção se aplica, e a seção como um todo se aplica em outras circunstâncias. O propósito desta seção não é o de induzi-lo a infringir quaisquer patentes ou reivindicação de direitos de propriedade outros, ou a contestar a validade de quaisquer dessas reivindicações; esta seção tem como único propósito proteger a integridade dos sistemas de distribuição de software livres, o que é implementado pela prática de licenças públicas. Várias pessoas têm contribuído generosamente e em grande escala para os software distribuídos usando este sistema, na certeza de que sua aplicação é feita de forma consistente; fica a critério do autor/doador decidir se ele ou ela está disposto a distribuir software utilizando outro sistema, e um licenciado não pode impor qualquer escolha. Esta seção destina-se a tornar bastante claro o que se acredita ser conseqüência do restante desta Licença. 8. Se a distribuição e/ou uso do Programa são restringidos em certos países por patentes ou direitos autorais, o detentor dos direitos autorais original, e que colocou o Programa sob esta Licença, pode incluir uma limitação geográfica de distribuição, excluindo aqueles países de forma a tornar a distribuição permitida apenas naqueles ou entre aqueles países então não excluídos. Nestes casos, esta Licença incorpora a limitação como se a mesma constasse escrita nesta Licença. 9. A Free Software Foundation pode publicar versões revisadas e/ou novas da Licença Pública Geral de tempos em tempos. Estas novas versões serão similares em espírito à versão atual, mas podem diferir em detalhes que resolvem novos problemas ou situações. A cada versão é dada um número distinto. Se o Programa especifica um número de versão específico desta Licença que se aplica a ele e a "qualquer nova versão", você tem a opção de aceitar os termos e condições daquela versão ou de qualquer outra versão publicada pela Free Software Foundation. Se o programa não especifica um número de versão desta Licença, você pode escolher qualquer versão já publicada pela Free Software Foundation. 10. Se você pretende incorporar partes do Programa em outros programas livres cujas condições de distribuição são diferentes, escreva ao autor e solicite permissão. Para o software que a Free Software Foundation detém direitos autorais, escreva à Free Software Foundation; às vezes nós permitimos exceções a este caso. Nossa decisão será guiada pelos dois objetivos de preservar a condição de liberdade de todas as derivações do nosso software livre, e de promover o compartilhamento e reutilização de software em aspectos gerais. AUSÊNCIA DE GARANTIAS 11. UMA VEZ QUE O PROGRAMA É LICENCIADO SEM ÔNUS, NÃO HÁ QUALQUER GARANTIA PARA O PROGRAMA, NA EXTENSÃO PERMITIDA PELAS LEIS APLICÁVEIS. EXCETO QUANDO EXPRESSADO DE FORMA ESCRITA, OS DETENTORES DOS DIREITOS AUTORAIS E/OU TERCEIROS DISPONIBILIZAM O PROGRAMA "NO ESTADO", SEM QUALQUER TIPO DE GARANTIAS, EXPRESSAS OU IMPLÍCITAS, INCLUINDO, MAS NÃO LIMITADO A, AS GARANTIAS IMPLÍCITAS DE COMERCIALIZAÇÃO E AS DE ADEQUAÇÃO A QUALQUER PROPÓSITO. O RISCO TOTAL COM A QUALIDADE E DESEMPENHO DO PROGRAMA É SEU. SE O PROGRAMA SE MOSTRAR DEFEITUOSO, VOCÊ ASSUME OS CUSTOS DE TODAS AS MANUTENÇÕES, REPAROS E CORREÇÕES. 12. EM NENHUMA OCASIÃO, A MENOS QUE EXIGIDO PELAS LEIS APLICÁVEIS OU ACORDO ESCRITO, OS DETENTORES DOS DIREITOS AUTORAIS, OU QUALQUER OUTRA PARTE QUE POSSA MODIFICAR E/OU REDISTRIBUIR O PROGRAMA CONFORME PERMITIDO ACIMA, SERÃO RESPONSABILIZADOS POR VOCÊ POR DANOS, INCLUINDO QUALQUER DANO EM GERAL, ESPECIAL, ACIDENTAL OU CONSEQÜENTE, RESULTANTES DO USO OU INCAPACIDADE DE USO DO PROGRAMA (INCLUINDO, MAS NÃO LIMITADO A, A PERDA DE DADOS OU DADOS TORNADOS INCORRETOS, OU PERDAS SOFRIDAS POR VOCÊ OU POR OUTRAS PARTES, OU FALHAS DO PROGRAMA AO OPERAR COM QUALQUER OUTRO PROGRAMA), MESMO QUE TAL DETENTOR OU PARTE TENHAM SIDO AVISADOS DA POSSIBILIDADE DE TAIS DANOS. FIM DOS TERMOS E CONDIÇÕES Como Aplicar Estes Termos aos Seus Novos Programas Se você desenvolver um novo programa, e quer que ele seja utilizado amplamente pelo público, a melhor forma de alcançar este objetivo é torná-lo software livre que qualquer um pode redistribuir e alterar, sob estes termos. Para isso, anexe os seguintes avisos ao programa. É mais seguro anexá-los logo no início de cada arquivo-fonte para reforçarem mais efetivamente a inexistência de garantias; e cada arquivo deve possuir pelo menos a linha de "copyright" e uma indicação de onde o texto completo se encontra. Copyright (C) Este programa é software livre; você pode redistribuí-lo e/ou modificá-lo sob os termos da Licença Pública Geral GNU, conforme publicada pela Free Software Foundation; tanto a versão 2 da Licença como (a seu critério) qualquer versão mais nova. Este programa é distribuído na expectativa de ser útil, mas SEM QUALQUER GARANTIA; sem mesmo a garantia implícita de COMERCIALIZAÇÃO ou de ADEQUAÇÃO A QUALQUER PROPÓSITO EM PARTICULAR. Consulte a Licença Pública Geral GNU para obter mais detalhes. Você deve ter recebido uma cópia da Licença Pública Geral GNU junto com este programa; se não, escreva para a Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Inclua também informações sobre como contactá-lo eletronicamente e por carta. Se o programa é interativo, faça-o mostrar um aviso breve como este, ao iniciar um modo interativo: Gnomovision versão 69, Copyright (C) ano nome do autor O Gnomovision não possui QUALQUER GARANTIA; para obter mais detalhes digite `show w'. Ele é software livre e você está convidado a redistribui-lo sob certas condições; digite `show c' para obter detalhes. Os comandos hipotéticos `show w' e `show c' devem mostrar as partes apropriadas da Licença Pública Geral. Claro, os comandos que você usar podem ser ativados de outra forma que `show w' e `show c'; eles podem até ser cliques do mouse ou itens de um menu -- o que melhor se adequar ao programa. Você também deve obter do seu empregador (se você trabalha como programador) ou escola, se houver, uma "declaração de ausência de direitos autorais" sobre o programa, se necessário. Aqui está um exemplo; altere os nomes: Yoyodyne, Inc., aqui declara a ausência de quaisquer direitos autorais sobre o programa `Gnomovision' (que executa interpretações em compiladores) escrito por James Hacker. , 1o. de abril de 1989 Ty Con, Vice-presidente Esta Licença Pública Geral não permite incorporar seu programa em programas proprietários. Se seu programa é uma biblioteca de sub-rotinas, você deve considerar mais útil permitir ligar aplicações proprietárias com a biblioteca. Se isto é o que você deseja, use a Licença Pública Geral de Bibliotecas GNU, ao invés desta Licença.
Informacja o nieoficjalnych tumaczeniach
FSF nie akceptuje tych przekadów jako oficjalnych, majcych moc prawn, gdy ich sprawdzenie byoby trudne i kosztowne (wymagaoby pomocy znajcych oba jêzyki prawników z odpowiednich krajów). Co gorsze, gdyby jednak przeoelizgn siê bd, skutki byyby katastrofalne dla caej spoecznooeci wolnego oprogramowania. Dopóki tumaczenia s nieoficjalne, nie mog poczyniæ szkody, a mamy nadziejê, e pomog wiêkszej liczbie ludzi zrozumieæ GPL.
Niniejszym udzielamy zezwolenia na publikacjê przekadów GPL, GFDL lub LGPL na inne jêzyki pod warunkiem: (1) oznakowania takich tumaczeñ jako nieoficjalnych (poniej wskazano jak to zrobiæ), tak by czytajcy by poinformowany, e pod wzglêdem prawnym nie s one zamienne z oryginaln wersj, oraz (2) zgody na wnoszenie zmian na nasz prooebê, jeoeli dowiemy siê od innych przyjació GNU, e dla lepszej jasnooeci przekadu poprawki s niezbêdne.
Aby zaznaczyæ, e tumaczenie jest nieoficjalne, naley na pocztku dodaæ poniszy tekst, zarówno po angielsku, jak i w jêzyku przekadu -- zastêpujc nazwê jêzyka (language) odpowiedni nazw.
This is an unofficial translation of the GNU General Public License into language. It was not published by the Free Software Foundation, and does not legally state the distribution terms for software that uses the GNU GPL--only the original English text of the GNU GPL does that. However, we hope that this translation will help language speakers understand the GNU GPL better.
W tumaczeniu (tekst adaptowany z polskiej wersji GNU GPL):
To jest nieoficjalne tumaczenie Powszechnej Licencji Publicznej GNU na nazwa jêzyka. Nie zostao opublikowane przez Free Software Foundation i pod wzglêdem prawnym nie stanowi warunków rozpowszechniania oprogramowania stosujcego GNU GPL -- ustanawia je wycznie oryginalny angielski tekst licencji GNU GPL. Jednak mamy nadziejê, e pomoe ono lepiej zrozumieæ Licencjê osobom mówicym po nazwa jêzyka.
Jeoeli przetumaczylioecie któroe z licencji GNU, prosimy o powiadomienie odpowiedzialnych za tumaczenia <web-trans@gnu.org>. Sprawdz, czy przekad spenia powysze wskazówki i utworz do niego odnooenik z niniejszej strony.
Powszechna Licencja Publiczna GNU
Tumaczenie GPL na brazylijski portugalski
Tumaczenie GPL na bugarski
Tumaczenie GPL na czeski
Tumaczenie GPL na esperanto
Tumaczenia GPL na (francuski)
Tumaczenie GPL na galicyjski
Tumaczenie GPL na grecki (w formacie PDF i TXT).
Tumaczenie GPL na gruziñski
Tumaczenie GPL na hebrajski
Tumaczenie GPL na hiszpañski
Tumaczenie GPL na holenderski
Tumaczenie GPL na indonezyjski
Tumaczenie GPL na japoñski (1) (2)
Tumaczenie GPL na kataloñski
Tumaczenie GPL na koreañski
Tumaczenie GPL na niemiecki
Tumaczenie GPL na polski
Tumaczenie GPL na portugalski (brazylijski)
Tumaczenie GPL na rosyjski (1) (2)
Tumaczenie GPL na rumuñski
Tumaczenie GPL na szwedzki
Tumaczenie GPL na tajski
Tumaczenie GPL na turecki
Tumaczenie GPL na ukraiñski
Tumaczenie GPL na woski
Mniejsza Powszechna Licencja Publiczna GNU
Tumaczenie LGPL na japoñski
Tumaczenie LGPL na koreañski
Tumaczenie LGPL na niemiecki
Tumaczenie LGPL na rosyjski
Tumaczenie LGPL na turecki
Licencja GNU Wolnej Dokumentacji
Tumaczenie GFDL na brazylijski portugalski.
Tumaczenie GFDL na francuski (1) (2)
Tumaczenie GFDL na hebrajski
Tumaczenie GFDL na hiszpañski hiszpañski
Tumaczenie GFDL na japoñski
Tumaczenie GFDL na koreañski
Tumaczenie GFDL na polski.
Tumaczenie GFDL na rosyjski
Tumaczenie GFDL na woski
GNU General Public License English What to do if you see a possible GPL violation Translations of the GPL GPL Frequently Asked Questions The GNU General Public License (GPL) in plain text format The GNU General Public License (GPL) in Texinfo format Table of Contents GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Preamble TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does. Copyright (C) yyyy name of author This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License. Return to GNU's home page. FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. Other ways to contact the FSF. Comments on these web pages to webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org. Copyright notice above. Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA Updated: Last modified: Sun Jul 15 13:13:30 CEST 2001
That is an oxymoron!
Apple to the laptop is like UNIX to the desktop.
GNU General Public License English What to do if you see a possible GPL violation Translations of the GPL GPL Frequently Asked Questions The GNU General Public License (GPL) in plain text format The GNU General Public License (GPL) in Texinfo format Table of Contents GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Preamble TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights. We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software. Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations. Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License. c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement.) These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License. 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it. 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License. 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice. This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License. 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does. Copyright (C) yyyy name of author This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License. Return to GNU's home page. FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. Other ways to contact the FSF. Comments on these web pages to webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org. Copyright notice above. Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA Updated: Last modified: Sun Jul 15 13:13:30 CEST 2001
UNIX is far inferior to Microsoft Windows XP.
FUCK YOU you socialist bastard! Where do you live?? Canada?! A canadian would be the only one sheepish enough to think the way you do.
show us your tits!
Windows 2000: A reliable comprehensive and integrated operating system platform delivering seamless interoperability, scalability, and performance, and broad application support.
.NET, a rich and very robust framework for creating ASP application code. ASP .NET is a compiled .NET-enabled environment, offering developers the ability to build enterprise-class Web applications in any .NET compatible language including Visual Basic, C#, and JScript. Linux offers support for ASP but it is non-native and requires an add-on program to Apache or some other Web server deployed on Linux. This means incremental engineering and development effort by the OEM, further impacting cost of development and time-to-market. Linux does not support ASP .NET.
Windows 2000 Linux
Seamless integration into heterogeneous environments
Windows 2000-based server appliances deliver seamless integration and interoperability with Windows, UNIX, and heterogeneous networks. For example:
Built-in support for Single Sign-On (SSO), which allows end users access to all authorized network resources with a single authentication.
Support for both CIFS and NFS in an integrated fashion, easily enabling interoperability between UNIX and Windows-based networks.
Integrated support for Windows NT®, FTP, HTTP, Appletalk, and Novell environments, which enables consolidated administration in heterogeneous networks.
Via Winsock and other programming interfaces, both Windows and non-Windows-based clients or servers can seamlessly access a Windows 2000 Server-based network attached storage (NAS) server appliance.
Linux does not deliver comparable heterogeneous interoperability. For example:
No support for SSO, thus requiring end users to use at least two logon names and passwords--one for Windows and one for Linux/UNIX.
Support for CIFS but only via Samba, not as an integrated, tested solution. Linux/Samba requires additional components and integration work by the OEM to match the integration built into Windows 2000. Thus, the OEM must focus resources on development, integration, testing, and ongoing maintenance of the operating system, increasing development cost and slowing time-to-market.
Aside from compatibility issues with Windows 2000, Samba has known backwards compatibility issues as well as compatibility issues with the underlying Linux operating system. For example, file system quota interfaces have diverged in different versions of Linux 2.4x kernels, which means Samba will work properly on some Linux distributions but not others. This potentially ties the OEM to a particular Linux vendor's distribution and its support programs. Given the recent cutbacks and layoffs at many commercial Linux vendors, including Red Hat's recent 17 percent reduction in it workforce, it is questionable whether commercial Linux vendors will be around to provide support in the long term, thus increasing the business risk to the OEM.
Server appliances built with Windows 2000 integrate seamlessly into Active DirectoryTM network environments. Without any extra administrative tasks, Active Directory creates a two-way, trust relationship between domains, providing single authentication and easier access to information and resources across multiple domains throughout an organization.
Linux does not support trust relationships across domains or forests and thus cannot act as a trusted element in Novell Directory Service and Windows NT Domain-based networks. This makes it difficult to integrate Linux-based server appliances into such heterogeneous network environments.
Windows 2000 Linux
Industry-leading scalability and performance
Windows 2000-based server appliances deliver industry-leading robustness and scalability with Symmetrical Multiprocessing (SMP) support for up to eight processors and advanced features such as asynchronous and specialized I/O, hot-fix support, and hierarchical storage management. Linux provides support for SMP but supports only synchronous I/O, which introduces contention and thus limits SMP scalability. Furthermore, Linux offers no support for hot fixes and does not have a hierarchical storage management capability.
Server appliances built with Windows 2000 provide native, integrated, mature support for Network Load Balancing (NLB) and clustering (failover). Windows 2000 Advanced Server supports load balancing clusters of up to 32, enabling Windows 2000 Server-based server appliances to scale out to meet peak demand requirements. Furthermore, Windows 2000 Server ships with a file replication service and full support for content deployment and replication for Web farms is provided via Microsoft Application Server. Linux offers both free and commercially available add-on clustering and load balancing solutions. However, these add-on clustering solutions come from various sources, do not conform to any set standards, and are often implemented on a particular Linux distribution. This can tie the OEM to a particular, potentially financially unstable Linux vendor and its support programs, or force the OEM to maintain specific and expensive expertise in-house for self-support. Furthermore, clustering solutions are new to Linux, lack some key features, and documentation can be insufficient. For example, Red Hat's High Availability Server is a customized distribution of Red Hat Linux version 6.2 with Red Hat's Piranha clustering package. In its review of the product, ZDNet noted: "Offices without Linux gurus on staff should seriously consider buying Red Hat's service package, especially because the documentation included with the software does not describe how to implement the product with any operating system other than Red Hat Linux 6.2". ZDNet also noted that Red Hat's High Availability Server also "lacks content replication support", a critical feature for Web server appliances in Web farms. The OEM would need to source or build and then integrate and test these technologies itself to build a comprehensive solution. Taken together, these limitations make building and maintaining a clustering solution on Linux a challenge for the OEM and can increase both cost and time-to-market.
Server appliances built on Windows 2000 perform better versus Linux on similar equipment in SPECweb tests. A SPECweb99 study found that a Windows 2000 Web server could process more requests and serve more users than a similarly configured computer running Linux. The Windows 2000-based server with Internet Information Server (IIS) 5.0 handled 707 concurrent connections, compared to 545 connections for the Linux-based.
Windows 2000 Linux
Comprehensive application support
Windows 2000 delivers native support for Active Server Pages (ASP), giving direct access to the IIS transaction engine kernel. Furthermore, server appliances built with Windows 2000 also provide out-of-the-box support for ASP
Server appliances built on Windows 2000 deliver comprehensive application support with an integrated component model for distributed or Web-based applications; multimedia services; and built-in message queuing for asynchronous communications, integrated application integration, and transaction-processing.
Linux has no available framework for developing distributed or Web-based applications and no integrated implementation of COM, DCOM, Enterprise Java Beans (EJB), and no integrated transaction-processing monitor or queuing system. This means the OEM has to source or build this functionality, resulting in extra development, higher cost, and a longer time-to-market.
Windows 2000 Linux
Proven reliability with enhanced recovery and data protection
Windows 2000-based server appliances provide advanced reliability features including a mature, well-tested journaling file system (JFS), which enables easy, dependable file system recovery and ensures no loss of data in the event of unscheduled downtime. Windows 2000 also offers support for Plug and Play, hot-swapping and kernel mode write protection. Windows 2000 also provides system file protection and Windows File Protection, which help speed recovery in case of failure, without any user interaction. Linux now has over five options for a JFS. All of these are new to Linux and the depth of integration and regression testing can be scattered and the number of real-world implementations limited. The OEM will need to verify for itself the integration, depth of testing, and in-field results. With Linux, the OEM will have to take on the extra integration work to incorporate an add-in JFS or opt for a vendor-specific Linux distribution such as Red Hat, tying the OEM to that vendor for ongoing upgrades, support, and maintenance at an extra cost. Furthermore, Linux offers only limited support for Plug and Play, no kernel mode protection, and no functionality equivalent to Windows File Protection--significantly increasing difficulty and time when recovering from a failure.
Windows 2000 Server is a completely integrated, extensively tested operating system with built-in support for an array of protocols and drivers, as well as advanced technologies including Internet Information Services (IIS), clustering, Network Load Balancing (NLB), Windows Management Infrastructure (WMI) and the Active Directory (AD) service. In addition, Microsoft uses powerful stress testing and integration testing with teams of dedicated test engineers to ensure system integrity and that solutions work across multiple features. Linux distributions are a collection of technologies from multiple sources that lack true integration. Some commercial Linux vendors may provide setup scripts that allow certain blocks of code to load in proper sequence but this is not true integration and does not provide a comprehensively tested solution. Furthermore, given financial and resource constraints, commercial Linux vendors often lack the means to employ comprehensive and extensive hardware and driver testing, trusting open source participants to test on their behalf or leaving the OEM to do the test and quality assurance work, thus increasing the OEM's cost and time-to-market.
Windows 2000 provides support for advanced reliability features, including volume management, which lets storage capacity be transparently extended without interrupting existing services, and volume spanning, which enables more efficient use of multiple-disk systems. In addition, Windows 2000 provides extensive, mature support for both software and hardware RAID. Windows 2000 supports thousands of RAID installations worldwide and the Microsoft Hardware Compatibility List for Windows 2000 lists hundreds of tested and certified drivers for RAID storage arrays, controllers, and systems. Some Linux distributions do ship with Logical Volume Management (LVM), but these implementations are new to Linux and require extra tuning by the OEM, thus increasing development costs and time-to-market. Linux does offer software RAID support but hardware RAID support is less comprehensive than Windows 2000. For example, Red Hat's Hardware Compatibility List has only two RAID storage/device controller certified drivers and Mandrake's Hardware Compatibility List notes only three certified RAID storage adapters.
Driver signing in Windows 2000 offers OEMs the assurance that all drivers originate from a trusted source that has undertaken extensive testing and certification. Also, Windows 2000 enables OEMs to utilize standard, widely available hardware along with thousands of tested, certified drivers to build a server appliance.
Driver availability and certification can be inconsistent in Linux. Many of the drivers available for Linux have received little if any testing and are offered as non-supported drivers both from the open source participants and from commercial Linux vendors. For example, Red Hat's most current Hardware Compatibility List has less than 100 certified drivers and most of those listed are complete systems, not hardware components or peripherals.
The Microsoft Server Appliance Kit (SAK) provides OEMs with a comprehensive, powerful tool to build server appliances quickly and get to market sooner.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux
Faster time-to-market via powerful tools and extensive framework
The Microsoft Server Appliance Kit (SAK) provides a comprehensive, powerful toolkit to help an OEM build server appliances quickly and easily. This allows the OEM to focus its resources on adding value, rather than building an operating system from multiple components and add-on pieces. The SAK also provides powerful tools that include:
Powerful Web User Interface (UI) for remote management of headless appliances
Framework for supporting a local UI (LCD or LED), desirable on some server appliance implementations
NAS-specific tools in the Web UI that enable the creation and management of shares for Windows, UNIX, Appletalk, Novell, FTP, and Web, as well as the creation and management of folders
A Multiple Device Manager, available now at no extra cost, which enables an administrator to manage over 100 appliances from a single console
Linux offers no standard toolkit for the development of server appliances. An OEM must invest in third-party tools at extra cost as well as in-house development resources to get the kind of toolkit functionality delivered by the Microsoft SAK. For example:
Netmax offers Internet Server Management Suite software for remote Web-based and multiple device management for $139 per-server.
Various Multiple Device Management solutions are available from open source participants, but these require extra integration and engineering work by the OEM. In addition, open source components are often licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), which may expose the OEM's intellectual property and source code to open source participants and its competitors.
The SAK includes an extensible reliability framework that includes watchdog timers, basic input/output system (BIOS) failover, automatic mirroring, and an appliance monitor service for excellent reliability and data protection.
Linux offers no reliability framework to enhance system reliability. An OEM must source this functionality from third parties at an extra cost or develop it in-house, thus increasing development cost and time-to-market.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux
Ease of integration, deployment, and administration in a more secure environment
Native support for Active Directory (AD) enables server appliances built with Windows 2000 to integrate seamlessly into a Windows enterprise network.
Active Directory provides additional remote management for appliances in addition to the Web UI and automates major portions of deployment by defining directory-based policy to each class of Windows 2000 server appliance.
For alternative method of server appliance management, Windows 2000 supports extensive scripting via Windows Management Instrumentation and Microsoft Terminal Services.
Linux-based server appliances can be inserted into Active Directory environments, appearing as Windows NT 4.0 member servers, but, again, only when integrated with Samba 2.2 or higher, thus requiring the OEM to do extra development, integration, and testing work. Linux-based server appliances do not deliver equivalent functionality in an Active Directory environment, as Samba uses the Windows NT 4.0 SAM Application Programming Interface (API) and Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) to obtain account information from Active Directory. This implementation means server appliances built with Linux/Samba cannot support publishing their share information to Active Directory network.
Server appliances built with Windows 2000 offer enterprise-level security with integrated support for Kerberos version 5.0, NTLM v2 authentication and a fast Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) server for data encryption over the Internet.
Microsoft invests in and compensates both internal and third-party resources dedicated to rigorous security-specific testing to find and fix security issues quickly. For example, Microsoft has spent significant resources in building, enhancing, and applying automated tools that detect suspected buffer overruns in our code. Furthermore, as a leader in the software industry, Microsoft recently announced a broad, industry-wide effort around software security.
Linux uses clear text for authentication, does not allow the configurations of individual permissions to the file level and does native support standard encryption technologies such as Kerberos version 5.0. Kerberos is only supported on Linux as an add-on solution and is not integrated into the operating system, thus requiring extra development time and cost for the OEM. In addition, Linux/Samba delivers only NTLM v1 support.
Linux vendors and open source participants rely heavily on source access, taking it on faith that the "many eyes" of open source developers equal a more secure operating system. Recently, a TechRepublic article comparing security between Windows and Linux reported that up to its publication date in the autumn of 2001, Windows had 24 reported security vulnerabilities. In comparison, Red Hat Linux had 28 vulnerabilities. When you consider the difference in the size of the installed base of Windows 2000 to Red Hat Linux, the percentages indicate a higher degree of security vulnerabilities for Linux.
Microsoft Server Appliance Kit Linux
Better business alignment with straightforward licensing and clarity of intellectual property ownership
The Microsoft licensing model does not contain licensing provisions that require an OEM, and potentially its licensees, to disclose the source code for its intellectual property in a widespread fashion to open source participants. An OEM building a server appliance with Windows 2000 Server operating systems and the SAK has the assurance the software code and added value it develops remain the OEM's intellectual property. To ensure proper management of its intellectual property rights, an OEM must carefully examine an array of licensing complexities around the General Public License (GPL) that govern Linux. These complexities have resulted in embedded and dedicated operating system companies such as Wind River saying that they are seeing "a growing problem due to the growing uncertainty of using GPL-based code in embedded devices". An example of this risk can be taken from NVIDIA. An NVIDIA programmer, in the course of developing a driver for one of its products, used a portion of code from a freely available video driver. The developer failed to realize the code was licensed under the GPL and would therefore require NVIDIA to release the source code for its entire driver. Because NVIDIA did not want to release the source code to its commercial software, the company incurred substantial cost to develop a new driver that did not contain the GPL code.
Companies need to recognize that in embedded and dedicated devices, such as server appliances, significant gray areas exist in the implications of the GPL's terms. Some forms of code linking and commingling may or may not trigger legal obligations under the GPL. As Michael Scott and Michael Krieger, a lawyer and computer science professor respectively, recently wrote, "Rare is the month when a lawyer who specializes in technology does not have a new client asking for help in untangling an open source code problem".
He lived in Canada. Who gives a shit?
Dear Ann Landers: My husband and I live in military housing. His supervisor recently moved in across the street. The wife has decided I am her new best friend. "Eleanor" drops in to visit five times a day. Since she knows I don't smoke, she puts her cigarette butts out on my lawn. It doesn't help. Every piece of furniture in my living room smells of smoke. When my husband and I sit down to eat, Eleanor comes over and sits with us until we are finished. If she sees me get into my car, she grabs her purse and jumps in next to me. She doesn't care where I'm going. She wants to come, too. Last week was the last straw. She told her son I would pick him up from work because she knew I'd be going that way. Eleanor is a major gossip and tells me things I should not know about other military personnel. She is loud, rude and vulgar. I cannot avoid her, and I cannot tell her off because she is the wife of my husband's boss. I am trying to keep the peace until we are permitted to move, but I don't know how long I can keep my cool. Advise me, please. -- Mouth Shut in Colorado Dear Colorado: Lock your door so Eleanor cannot drop in during dinner. If she rings the bell, say, "So sorry, but we're eating now. I'll call you when we are finished." Then close the door immediately. Put boxes and packages in your car so she has nowhere to sit. If she asks you to pick up her son, tell her, "Sorry, but I have a doctor's appointment." Be friendly and smile, but don't allow her to take advantage of you. Dear Ann Landers: Eight months ago, I secretly married "Tony." We have been living together for two years. His mother lives with us. He does not want his mother to know we are married. (He still calls her "Mommy.") Tony is mildly disabled from a car accident, and his mother is his primary caregiver. She is a wonderful woman, but whenever the subject of marriage comes up, she cries and asks what will happen to her. Tony says we shouldn't say anything about marriage until SHE is "ready." I don't think she will ever be ready. I wouldn't mind if she lived nearby. In fact, I'd be willing to rent the apartment next door. But I think it's time my marriage was out in the open. Tony says I am being selfish. Am I? -- Patsy in Pennsylvania Dear Patsy: You are not being selfish. Tony is a mama's boy. Tell him he has one week to let Mommy know you are married. After that, YOU will tell her. I wish you luck. You're going to need it. Dear Ann Landers: I have been planning a family vacation with some friends, the "Smiths." We are taking a cruise together at the end of August. I made the mistake of mentioning the cruise to another friend, and she called yesterday to say she had booked the same cruise for her family. I don't want to take a vacation with both of these families. They do not know each other, and I don't think they will get along. It will be awkward for us to split our time between them, and I am sure it will ruin my entire vacation. Is there any way to ask one of them to back out of the cruise? -- Don't Want to Hurt Feelings in Dallas Dear Dallas: No. Your friends might get along fine, and if they don't, there are other things to do on a cruise. You are under no obligation to entertain them. Since your plans are to travel with the Smiths, concentrate on them, and try to have a good time. Gem of the Day: Summer vacation is a time when parents realize that teachers are grossly underpaid. Is alcohol ruining your life or the life of a loved one? "Alcoholism: How to Recognize It, How to Deal With It, How to Conquer It" can turn things around. Send a self-addressed, long, business-size envelope and a check or money order for $3.75 (this includes postage and handling) to: Alcohol, c/o Ann Landers, P.O. Box 11562, Chicago, Ill. 60611-0562. (In Canada, send $4.55.) To find out more about Ann Landers and read her past columns, visit the Creators Syndicate web page at www.creators.com. ANN LANDERS (R) COPYRIGHT 2002 CREATORS SYNDICATE, INC.
If it wasn't for the lameness filter, that is. So, I will settle for first NIGGER post.
Is this patch released under the GPL?!?! If not, you M$ Winblows hating bastards better not download it!
All 5 of you can download the patch now?
The amount of paranoia on this website never ceases to amaze me.
[11:39] omg
[11:39] really
[11:39] frig
[11:40] i read all his books
[11:40] shit
Avalanche Now it's cold and the thermometer Does very little good for those who've started their own fire They keep warm; they've got metabolism They stick together 'cause they're bastions of tribalism The wind blows faster and lower The fire's put out and the room is getting colder Some discontent is growing frantic But the snow keeps it's cool, it's got no need to panic! It's coming It's here Keep running Or you will become a victim of the avalanche They crawl on out of their log cabin They find no oxygen because the air is very thin That is the avalanche; it takes away all life They never see the beauty, they only see the strife It's quite absurd, all the inhabitants Have never seen the world they've only seen what's in their tents It's unserene, and quite unsettling, To face the uselessness that comes from years of meddling It's just snow, it's only temporary But they all think it's here to stay their attitude is scary It's just fate, it's not predetermined They're fighting off each other to make sure they get to heaven They hate hell, fire and brimstone, They burrow in the snow, it's fear of the unknown They think they're OK, but what they don't know Everybody in the world is equal before the snow ANGST Lately I've been drinking quite a bit of coffee, tea, jolt and lot of drink with caffeine I've been trying to get away from the ever-present omnipotent fiend (of angst) I stay home and take spas and masturbate but I can't escape from fate and I know mine Is countless agendas of my own device and others and with agendas like these, who needs cyanide. I love when the angst pushes me around My head is killing me and my feet are on the ground I feel executive I'm in control Nobody pushes me around anymore I push myself around till I've got hunger pangs I love my strategy I love my angst Let's talk about the issues for argument is always backed by sympathy and trust This is the special way in which we take an issue stamp it out on the ground and pound it into dust Intellectual debate is quite enriching so why do I feel so mechanical Please do not touch me I'm hypersensitive and I think I have some business and I have somewhere to go I'm not artistic I have no time for leisure Do you really think I'm doing all of this for my pleasure? Give me relationships or something else I can measure Forget philosophy give me some strong black coffee that's something I can really treasure ASCEND I'm a bad mama jama / I'm a funky funky diva I'm can marry Cleopatra / I can date the Queen of Sheba I am like the President / I have got an Oval Office I've got many principles / I'm a starving starving artist Please do not mock me / I will ascend I am not nervous / I shall not bend I'm zooming zooming zooming with determination The only question is - what's my destination? I'm an powerful orator / I've got verbal assault I'm the psychoanalator / All my methods are gestalt If you need someone to cry on / Don't you know that I'll be there I'm a high-ranking attorney / I've got flowers in my hair If you think that I'm a phony / Then you are a hypocrite I am not a once-trick pony / And my flow is always tight I'm a leader, I'm a crony / I love both the day and night Won't you please leave me alone-y / `Cause I'd hate if you were right. HELP ME UP Help me Somebody help me up Help me Why won't somebody help me up? I smell the smell of someone's well pool of hair gel Ring the doorbell go show and tell welcome to hell We fumble in and we begin to freeze in sin The light is dim the fog is thin we have no chins They sell us shoes we act like fools no way to lose We miss our cues we flooze and smooze who's got the booze? Those ad execs those graveyard specs those derelicts They've made their pacts they've had their sex and none suspect The imagery the walking bees men on their knees Always say please just pay your fees sit down with ease We disco dance we strut and prance in Paris, France And at first glance glue of romance keep on your pants Hey-Hey! Hey-Hey Here we go again I had big dreams to become a big man I was gonna be a millionaire People would fall to their feet at a glance Because of the big reputation I had But I wondered how I could do it Without any trouble, without any movement I sat around `til my feet were dead And now I'm stuck around here sittin' in my head I let off steam `cause I'm not a big man Every dog gets a minute, they say Unless of course, you're the man Then they give you a couple of days I don't complain much about the world I don't care much if I'm heard I guess I just want the word Or a lot of money, that would do I think the french have a saying for this I need a proverb of my own I think ignorance is bliss That's why I've made ignorance my home I can't quote anybody on love Or hate or greed, or any old thing I just wanna hear the microwave ding Stick my hand in, sans glove... let's go My friends adore me and I adore them back It's not easy being loved sometimes A little loving is enough ot make you crack Enough rythym to make you forget your rhymes I want to play near the coast some day And get picked up by the marines Ok, so I'm no Tolstoy I'm forgetting my dreams... let's go ICON My friends all told me one day I should join the circus Consort with twelve foot men and the bearded lady Now that's the kind of thing you see on the TV And strangely that sort of thing appeals to me And strangely that sort of thing appeals to me And I'm emotionally needy I just want everyone to see me I am your premier primadonna I want to be well known I want to be an icon I did my hair real nice and went into the store I asked for money back and got something much more My bubble reputation's all that counts to me I ain't no son of a preacher man I am the preacher please shake my hand And now I can't ask for much more I heard the sound of my own voice on phone I like the way it resonates inside my head I love the sound of my own voice I would be me if I had the choice You'll understand me if I don't get no attention I don't get no respect says Rodney Dangerfield Now all I ask for is a little reputation I wonder who else is golfing? I wonder who else is golfing? Flick on the T.V and you'll see a news broadcaster They've got nice makeup and they bring you all the news I'm walking through the limelight in my new shoes I am emotionally needy Could that be Georgio Armani? Plots have I laid to get my way ahead No holding me back `cause I'm on the fast track I am a Christian; No I am a crossdresser Everyone pay me attention Everyone pay me attention Information When I wake up in the morning And I see my slippers right in front of me And I slip on them on my feet and I go out to my front lawn And I see somebody waiting there for me And he says look up at the sky at the shining sun and butterflies And other things to make me feel happy There's a lot of spectacles to be in tune to But none of these things really do impress me I want something in print I want something in ink I want material not spectacle I don't need no spectacles Keep my eyes glued to the ground Pick up my examiner Run back inside the house I read the newspaper! I listen to the radio! I watch the television! I see it come and go! And I just keep runnin' on and people are comin' on I want my information now Too late for that it's already evening and they're coming with their blitzkreiging army I'm gonna be shipped off and I know it's unfortunate For others it is merely entertaining Sitting in the barracks with existential teachers While the memory of life I'm still retaining With no deployment soon there's gonna be a skirmish For cable we're considering retraining But I still want something to see Something to tell me how to be It wouldn't do to have me run me would it maybe No time for puzzling me I don't appreciate that I run to the time of day I run to my personal idols The Dow is up 44.7 and the economy is doing fine again they say If you've invested stocks in the plastic implant market now's the time to speculate they say They keep on comin' out with a new analysis And a new model of Chevrolet I'm reading `bout a priest who sleeps with younger boys and I am still preparing to pray I thought I had a mind once too But it's all turned to glue And I wonder what a man like me is to do I broke the knob today I need some crazy glue I'm already losing it Who knows just what I'll do I LOVE THE NORTHWEST Log Cabins, Small Restaurants, Humans we, Don't see a lot Lumberjacks, Old and mature, Cut down trees, Love nature Supermarkets, Casinos, Every weekend, Into town we go I'm Republican, And Christian, Play Bingo, Go fishing Alaska, Wyoming, Montana, It's snowing No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies I...I love the Northwest I...I love Old-time Religion I...I have 3 surviving children I love priests and cows and mom and pop stores Subsidies, For lumber, Ameri, -can culture Local news, Local events, Some dog shows, Some flat beds The Highways, Bring rations, To British, Petroleums The Forests', On fire, Carpenters, For hire Washington, Colorado, Oregon, 60 below No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies I...I love the Northwest I...I love country music I...I'm individualistic I love squirrels and trees and gambling on Sundays You yuppie, Easterner, We don't take, Kindly to ya. Californians, We love `em, They bring in, Tourism Populism, Democracy, Get rid of, Bureaucracy Some pancakes, Shiny Rifles, Gone Hunting, See ya in a while Idaho, North Dakota, South Dakota, No quota No radio, No TV, No Internet, No Movies I...I love the Northwest I...I'm in touch with nature I...I respect men of stature I love woolen caps and skinning snakes and America I...I love the Northwest Drive your car, drive your car and park it Park your car outside the supermarket The past is gone, but don't feel like a loser Cause the past is a lot like the future On and On There's no time for the past or the present On and On Onwards to the future Here comes the posse, they're walking eight by four They'll walk right in and pound upon your door Don't try to hide underneath the floor Your human rights won't help you anymore The light turns green, you go cause it's a reflex Your windows sheen, you keep them clean with windex This is the movement that we must rehearse One step forward, ten steps in reverse PAINTING Before I lay me down to sleep, I ask why all the Christians weep? I ask what all the Muslims do? I ask them where we're going to? I ask the Persians with their funny hats, I ask the painters this or that. I ask Americans with their hamburgers I ask the corporations and their corporate mergers Why is the world we live in so round? With all these things springing out of the ground - Every single angle is juxtaposing - Everything is random and not half worth knowing. So admidst all the bustle and admidst all the bungle, I pick up the paints and step into the jungle! I like to live in all the canvases. Painting... painting... Be quiet I'm Painting I'm painting the walls in my room Colors Colors go up and down my room Insane And yet making sense in a strange way Painting It's like a new work every day. Before I wake up in the morn, There's 90.7 children born! The GNP is up 2 percent, and somewhere somebody is celebrating Lent. Germans doing business in Tokyo, Disney marketing Pinnochio, America is seized with condomania, and fascists taking power in Italia! I look up at my house, it's very bright I look out at the world, and I know it's right Everything that was done and said Just put these ideas in my head. And just try to write it down. It's over your head, can't think of a noun. No I prefer to use my vivid colors for painting... painting... move over I'm Before I complete my business, I check the world's agenda to see what I've missed. I look at all the people who've been blessed, and a new shampoo they call Caress. I finish up the details on my work, with accuracy never seen in a book. And nobody will ever really get it, It's my work of art, and so I'll let it stay in my room with all the other ones Bright bold colors brighter than the sun. Way brighter than anyone's hats And less popular than the musical Cats. And people may call me insane, and keep me up here to reduce the pain But I will never go inane for I'm painting... painting... Yes I am Paranoia Look everyone's around here and/I'm walking up I'm talking up Quit joking/Stop looking up quit your corrupt New actions/They stop me up they punch me up I'm looking/I'm Checking up I'm checking up And everyone here/considers consequences While I'm looking them over/I bet they are all out for me And everyone is out for me if I turn my back they'll get me/They'll look and take what I don't see if careful I'm not meant to be Keep thinking...Keep thinking in line...Yes I'll Keep thinking...Keep thinking in line...Yes I Wearing bright new colors/That I don't have, what I can't have They're thinking/They're thinking this, they're thinking that I'm swearing/that I just can't do what I can For looking/Say what's their plan? What's their plan? And nobody around/feeling pretentious Sitting on the ground/With their apprehensions Perhaps it just depends on me if I am paranoid you see/It comes right from my history of looking just at what I be Reaching for the heavens/That don't exist, that don't exist Looking through a window/Covered in mist, covered in mist Checking their agenda/I see their list, I see their list I could've been on there/But them I missed; They can't be missed. My shoulders/I'm looking over them I can't see/But it all looks grim And now everyone is talking in a language I don't understand/I thought I had a code once too but I seem to have lost my hands Stealing some possessions/That I've always felt I should have You think it's robbery/And that's my plan, that's my plan I'm not a car thief/The men do not call me a man Look out behind me/They're on my tail, on my tail Feel the paranoia/It's starting to grow Something here/I'm starting to glow I've always felt I can't I be rushed and somehow cut around the bush/But now I'm here and it's a mush of language that was rarely flushed Lying down for a nights sleep/that I won't get, that I won't get I will never make a peep/That you can bet, that you can bet This may sound corny/It gets worse yet, it gets worse yet Of sleep I cannot get a wink/Because of something I heard said Something behind me/I'm sure that's it is I can't see/But I'm sure it's grim I'm leaving all the lights on `till my memory is not so ill/I could've solved it with a pill but I seem to have lost the will PICTURES OF PEOPLE I wrote this song about a 16-year old girl who was far too young for me. When this song was first produced, the atmosphere was very tense and Ryan Beebe, the producer, threw a cup at my cousin's head. Strangely, this event added somewhat to the cutting-edge production now captured here on CD. Steamroller Destruction and obliteration I'd like to lend you a hand We sanctioned you to knock down Main Street Steamroller, you knocked us all off our feet You knocked down everything that we once found neat Now we don't care if our lives are incomplete We set up cafes and kiosks, we're selling Steamroller T-Shirts And popcorn on the sidewalk... we've got front row seats. Steamroller I love you You're live in color better than TV You can flatten my friends and my whole family Steamroller I love you Main Street lies in rubble Steamroller, don't give us trouble We don't deserve it 'cause we think that you're the swellest Please don't flatten us, do it to someone else Some activists from out of town Say we should tear the steamroller down We'll get 'em with our lawyers, the litigation's pending Why bother ever thinking? This fun is never ending. And now the steamroller's gone The town holds a telethon To raise some money to get the steamroller back Buildings are dust and streets are all cracked Thousands are homeless and the TV is gone And those lousy activists advocate restraint But we must have back steamroller, there's a principle involved And that principle is, WE MUST BE ENTERTAINED! TICK I'm sick of life when I can't really describe the vocabulary I grew up with half the time If it was all verbs then I'd use all actions, but there's a better way to control the factions Its like there's no verbs left anymore, so pile on the nouns and bring a couple more I hear sounds that sound American but I feel they're so thin that I know they're foreign ...and lingering over one subject while you're still getting sleepy can cost you your lifeline. ...and violent dreams can pull down a man and make him say things he wouldn't even think of. ...and there's a stream where all the little fishes jump and tell hyperactive stories ...it don't make much sense when all the bakers form militias to bring about fairer dairy taxes.
I'm sick of life here in Tel Aviv
And I'm gonna move down to the Gaza strip
I'm gonna get to meet all the Palestinians
And learn what makes `em tick what makes `em tick what makes `em
TICK TICK
I feel weird in the stomach when I think of all the nasty I've ever done to me
And the pretty girl, she's got the pretty curls, she does her whirls and then she conquers the world
If ignorance is bliss I'm blessed although following the logic I get rather depressed
I feel there's nothing left to be stressed and I feel quite strangely overdressed ...and there's a cranefly who flies around me and I question him though he don't know much about it. ...and there's a taboo even though those who perpetrate the taboo know all about it. ...and there's a young man who thinks of Metternich and gets away with it and we don't know much about him. ...and there's a window where the elephants are having a parade while we've forgotten about them.
It's not a problem that everyone's the same it's only a problem that everyone's so lame
Rodney King knows why we can't all get along he found it out being clubbed to the ground
But then again, to be fair, we've reached the height of development in our styles of hair
I wish this wasn't the way things were but it is so I'm gonna get out of here ...The revolution turned around on us `till all that was left was a flag-burning amendment ...A devolution is what I say while the poets cry and the poetry has ended ...Then I say OK if this is how it was supposed to be then I'll go along with it ...it's just I can't help it that I somehow get this steady sinking feeling
VACUUM
I read a classic book
They say its worth a look
I sing a pretty song
I sing it all life long
You think its vacuous
It cleans up the mess
I hear the TVs on
I've got my clothing on
V - A - C - U - U - M
I'm in a vacuum
You know you suck me up
V - A - C - U - U - M
Another party's here
Somebody bought some beer
Went into a career
God bless the vacuum
Some more philosophy
I'll have some more please
They're praying on their knees
God save the vacuum
The vacuum is at school
It is the golden rule
The Great man.
Whether you are a fool
Or people think you're cool
Or intellectual
Or you play basketball
Or now that you're a slob
Or have a high-ranking job
MICROSCOPE HEAD
I am nothing to you
But you're nothing to me or to anyone else too
Please don't laugh at me
You are killing me softly with sincerity
If I take one shot it
I'm just trying to prove that you are my equal
You don't like me a lot
But if you hate the original you'll sure hate the sequel
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
Take a sweet sour look at your sickly pretenses
You don't impress me
Pumping all of the water out of the sea
While I sit in a sea of dead bees
Typing brainlessly for an evil committee
Hand in hand with super glue
You'll never leave me and I'll never leave you
But you'll bash my face in
And I'll spit on you and forbid any grinning
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
Take a look at your books and your pointless defenses
What a poor little thing
Trying so hard to part all the water
All alone in the ring
With your hand-me-style and prescription for slaughter
But you too, you're no good
Paying hundreds of dollars for heart-attack food
And not all the women in the world
Can straighten your back or punch holes in your mood
Microscope Head
Take a look at your own head not somebody else's
Microscope Head
You get one caress and one final confession
And you'll never relax 'til the sun made of wax
And the general crushes you both
And a new peace treaty is signed to broken
Microscope Head
THE DANCE OF THE SKELETONS
This is the dance of the skeletons
They bring out the best in him
It's a shame, he's gone insance
Waiting for the rest of the them
They come in packs with Bermuda shorts
Bringing pot luck, playing their sports
It's a waste land of no taste
Entertaining all of them
I worry that you've lost the sparkle in your eye
And it's gone just like one in a million
I said no two snowflakes are ever alike
But you're proving me wrong altogether again
No sound from the shores of
The late night news where the
Children are gathered
To watch the confusion
A pretty young lady promised word
But her warning went quite unheard
It's serene, what a scene
Ending like the Dodo bird
I have told you timely and timely again
That you're one in a million like everyone
And the risk of exposure is too great for you
And you're proving me wrong all over again
I have the heard the dance of the
Skeletons below
I admit, I should quit
Trying to make them go
They are settled in the little town
Making coffee, grinding us down
They're astute, it's acute
Please give me the run-around
In every small town get a big dressing down
That tells you you're one in a million
But a skeleton knows you're as plain as the wood
That makes your small town's Shoe Pavilion
TAG ALONG
Hey, keep your opinions to yourself
Your jeans are the color of your eyes, your eyes are the color of the sky
But the sky is the color of the billboard flashing on and off telling me capri will be half off
Cause it's ladies night
And the feeling's wrong
Why can't I just tag along?
Each time you smile I see demons in your teeth and the demons smile right back at me
You whine and whine about the toss of the dice but you can't eat the whole pie just one slice of life
I can't feel my own heart beating I can't feel my own heart beating I can't feel my own heart beating, can you feel it beating can you feel it beating, can you feel it beat?
Less ladies and gentlemen, lite rock and less talk all for the low low price of $19.95 in monthly installments. Garunteed low APR financing for your mind, body, emotions, and soul.
I expect this discussion to be fair and balanced on this shithole website.
Yes, it is.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it toyour programs, too.When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. 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If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. Copyright (C) This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. , 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.