We have at least three of them. GPS, LORAN and TAI standards do not include leap seconds. They drift ahead of UTC, but they're designed for applications that need good synchronization without having to worry about things like leap seconds. UTC is designed so that the sun will always be up during the day and down at night.
If synchronization is what you want, use one of the standards designed for it.
If you've got equipment that needs such high precision and you're synchronizing it with NTP rather than an internal standard, you're doing something wrong.
There was a Slashdot story a couple of years ago about a study of fortune 500 financial spreadsheets. It turned out that errors were so prevalent in those spreadsheets that the financial decisions being made by those companies weren't a lot better than random.
Lots of math libraries do that, either returning nan or inf. In Python, for example, Numpy will happily divide by zero, but it gives you a warning and the result is inf. Any further operations on inf give you inf. Which is very handy because it means if you do an elementwise operation on a large array and one element is a divide by zero, the whole thing doesn't crash.
The IEEE did. It's called nan, and it's what most math libraries that don't die will give you back if you divide by zero. No, you can't do anything with it because it's not a number.
Surprisingly, mathematics is not built on the rules of thumb they teach kids in junior high. Zero divided by zero really doesn't make sense for quite deep reasons.
The Canadian divisions of the big online retailers are starting to catch up too. I ordered something off newegg.ca the other day and paid by Interac. It only took twenty years.
So what you're saying is that if ads had to be hosted on the same server as the content, ads would have to be approximately the same size as the content or smaller? Perish the thought!
You must be too young to remember when oil was cheap. The price of oil has gone up by something like four times the rate of inflation, and has reached a point where things like shale and tar sand oil is economical. Oil is expensive, relative to the past. There's no reason to think it's going to get less so in the future.
I grew up in Alberta, Canada. When I was in junior high I was invited to Syncrude's research centre. They were trying to figure out the best way to extract oil from tar sands, planning for the day when oil was expensive enough to make if economical to do on a large scale. That happened ten or fifteen years ago, and the province has been booming ever since.
"We're going to run out of oil!" is clearly not true, but saying oil has gotten more expensive IS true, and there's no reason to expect it won't continue to do so.
Nature is pretty good at repairing bodies, but different species put more or less energy into repair. Mice last months. Many birds last a few years. Some parrots can live over a hundred years. Some tortoises and whales can live to over 200. Several species do not exhibit increasing mortality with age, meaning that they are effectively immortal but for disease and accident.
Despite what Ethan claims, we've known about chaos in the solar system for a long time. Since people started doing simulations, actually. Hyperion is known to rotate chaotically, and IIRC the orbit of the moon is also mildly chaotic.
To be fair, your query doesn't make any sense to anyone who isn't familiar with an industry where they might run into a w12 (which appears to be a steel I-beam, so that would be fairly heavy construction). If you trained a speech recognition program with construction terms it wouldn't have a problem with that example.
Sure, it's very difficult to find side effect rates. In fact, nobody even keeps track of them! Oh, wait, no it's not: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/va...
The risk from vaccine side effects is very carefully measured against the risk of not being vaccinated and the vaccines are approved only if the benefit very much outweighs the risk.
Smallpox virus is reasonably stable when dried. There probably are graves where it still exists. We're pretty careful when opening graves, particularly old ones, though.
People look at me like I'm crazy when I tell them not to put words on their slides. Then, after I give a talk they can't believe there were no words on my slides.
I have. They're invariably conducted standing up between two to four people though. Or perhaps between the same size group, sitting, drinking something alcoholic.
I have to disagree with the Challenger commission and the Army on their allocation of blame. If you're the kind of person who sits through a PowerPoint presentation and thinks you've understood something, you really shouldn't be building spaceships or waging war. You should be quietly led off to some marketing department somewhere, or a nice quiet retail job.
General McMaster seems like he has a good grasp of complexity though.
Simple solution: juse get rid of the text tool. That projector thing is supposed to be for visual aids, not conveying a bunch of language, either over simplified or unreadably complex. The latter is why you're standing up there sweating and unconsciously blinding people in the audience with the laser pointer. Also, if your slides have no words on them, if you send out notes they're actually notes!
We have a "human construct" called "green" that most of the human construct "us" pretty much agree upon. The human construct "grass" sometimes meets this criteria, and sometimes doesn't. If you truly believe that, in an absolute sense, there's no difference between water, air and dirt, I can suggest some experiments you might wish to conduct that are likely to convince you of the folly of that statement. You're right, they are made up of the same stuff, but arrangement of that stuff is rather important.
PS - you do realize we can actually turn lead into gold, right?
OMG, I can't leave my basement! Everything MUST come to me in a form I consider most convenient!
If you go to an appropriate library they have computers on which you download academic journals (funded by your tax dollars even!). If you go to the wrong library, they might have to order a paper copy for you, but paper does have a long and glorious history. Embrace it!
Or you can read the open access journals. Just don't, uh, believe everything you read. Or you can wait the six months until the authors have the right to release their paper freely. Or you can vote to actually fund scientists, so they can afford the $5200 to publish their paper in Nature as an open access article.
The OP seemed to be expressing a genuine interest in reading the paper. The option I suggested first (library) is by far the easiest, but I'd certainly recommend the last one (vote for proper funding).
Slashdot Mirror
We have at least three of them. GPS, LORAN and TAI standards do not include leap seconds. They drift ahead of UTC, but they're designed for applications that need good synchronization without having to worry about things like leap seconds. UTC is designed so that the sun will always be up during the day and down at night.
If synchronization is what you want, use one of the standards designed for it.
If you've got equipment that needs such high precision and you're synchronizing it with NTP rather than an internal standard, you're doing something wrong.
There was a Slashdot story a couple of years ago about a study of fortune 500 financial spreadsheets. It turned out that errors were so prevalent in those spreadsheets that the financial decisions being made by those companies weren't a lot better than random.
Lots of math libraries do that, either returning nan or inf. In Python, for example, Numpy will happily divide by zero, but it gives you a warning and the result is inf. Any further operations on inf give you inf. Which is very handy because it means if you do an elementwise operation on a large array and one element is a divide by zero, the whole thing doesn't crash.
The IEEE did. It's called nan, and it's what most math libraries that don't die will give you back if you divide by zero. No, you can't do anything with it because it's not a number.
You seem to have that backwards. Dividing your five dollars by zero is like dividing it among zero people and suddenly, poof, it's gone!
Surprisingly, mathematics is not built on the rules of thumb they teach kids in junior high. Zero divided by zero really doesn't make sense for quite deep reasons.
The Canadian divisions of the big online retailers are starting to catch up too. I ordered something off newegg.ca the other day and paid by Interac. It only took twenty years.
And the NSA's budget is probably (it's hard to tell because it's classified) at least thirty times that.
So what you're saying is that if ads had to be hosted on the same server as the content, ads would have to be approximately the same size as the content or smaller? Perish the thought!
You must be too young to remember when oil was cheap. The price of oil has gone up by something like four times the rate of inflation, and has reached a point where things like shale and tar sand oil is economical. Oil is expensive, relative to the past. There's no reason to think it's going to get less so in the future.
I grew up in Alberta, Canada. When I was in junior high I was invited to Syncrude's research centre. They were trying to figure out the best way to extract oil from tar sands, planning for the day when oil was expensive enough to make if economical to do on a large scale. That happened ten or fifteen years ago, and the province has been booming ever since.
"We're going to run out of oil!" is clearly not true, but saying oil has gotten more expensive IS true, and there's no reason to expect it won't continue to do so.
Nature is pretty good at repairing bodies, but different species put more or less energy into repair. Mice last months. Many birds last a few years. Some parrots can live over a hundred years. Some tortoises and whales can live to over 200. Several species do not exhibit increasing mortality with age, meaning that they are effectively immortal but for disease and accident.
Despite what Ethan claims, we've known about chaos in the solar system for a long time. Since people started doing simulations, actually. Hyperion is known to rotate chaotically, and IIRC the orbit of the moon is also mildly chaotic.
To be fair, your query doesn't make any sense to anyone who isn't familiar with an industry where they might run into a w12 (which appears to be a steel I-beam, so that would be fairly heavy construction). If you trained a speech recognition program with construction terms it wouldn't have a problem with that example.
Sure, it's very difficult to find side effect rates. In fact, nobody even keeps track of them! Oh, wait, no it's not:
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/va...
The risk from vaccine side effects is very carefully measured against the risk of not being vaccinated and the vaccines are approved only if the benefit very much outweighs the risk.
http://www.newscientist.com/ar...
Smallpox virus is reasonably stable when dried. There probably are graves where it still exists. We're pretty careful when opening graves, particularly old ones, though.
That sounds like a much more plausible reason for spaceships crashing than "PowerPoint did it."
People look at me like I'm crazy when I tell them not to put words on their slides. Then, after I give a talk they can't believe there were no words on my slides.
Interrupt them with a question. It's even more hilarious to see their deer in a headlights look as they lose their place.
I have. They're invariably conducted standing up between two to four people though. Or perhaps between the same size group, sitting, drinking something alcoholic.
I have to disagree with the Challenger commission and the Army on their allocation of blame. If you're the kind of person who sits through a PowerPoint presentation and thinks you've understood something, you really shouldn't be building spaceships or waging war. You should be quietly led off to some marketing department somewhere, or a nice quiet retail job.
General McMaster seems like he has a good grasp of complexity though.
Simple solution: juse get rid of the text tool. That projector thing is supposed to be for visual aids, not conveying a bunch of language, either over simplified or unreadably complex. The latter is why you're standing up there sweating and unconsciously blinding people in the audience with the laser pointer. Also, if your slides have no words on them, if you send out notes they're actually notes!
We have a "human construct" called "green" that most of the human construct "us" pretty much agree upon. The human construct "grass" sometimes meets this criteria, and sometimes doesn't. If you truly believe that, in an absolute sense, there's no difference between water, air and dirt, I can suggest some experiments you might wish to conduct that are likely to convince you of the folly of that statement. You're right, they are made up of the same stuff, but arrangement of that stuff is rather important.
PS - you do realize we can actually turn lead into gold, right?
OMG, I can't leave my basement! Everything MUST come to me in a form I consider most convenient!
If you go to an appropriate library they have computers on which you download academic journals (funded by your tax dollars even!). If you go to the wrong library, they might have to order a paper copy for you, but paper does have a long and glorious history. Embrace it!
Or you can read the open access journals. Just don't, uh, believe everything you read. Or you can wait the six months until the authors have the right to release their paper freely. Or you can vote to actually fund scientists, so they can afford the $5200 to publish their paper in Nature as an open access article.
The OP seemed to be expressing a genuine interest in reading the paper. The option I suggested first (library) is by far the easiest, but I'd certainly recommend the last one (vote for proper funding).
They appear as soon as you scroll. Unless you've discovered completely hidden ones, in which case I'm glad I haven't stumbled upon those.