I mean, what if we move away from trying to reproduce individual pictures and their pixels and instead start transmitting the scene info? A TV show has a limited number of sets, what if the 3d model/texture info for most everything was transmitted in advance so that during playback all of that information is expressed in a few identifiers and their 3d transforms (ditto for the actors at some point too).
I think we will get a lot of research into that direction if VR catches up. Sending high-quality 360 degress videos is already a pain bandwidth-wise, allowing 3d + some/lot lateral head movement would make it even worse. With real time rendering, you get most of these things for free, at same time opening door to things like at least basic interactivity, nudity/gore censorship (which is not neccesarily bad thing as long as it is a receiver-side option), content customization (tailoring avatars to specific audience) etc.
They will be auditable as far as from where they are getting data. Neuron networks might be bit magic, but if you put firewall between them and database which holds customer information, it won't base its decisions on unavailable data. On the other hand, it is hard to audit one guy talking about few upcoming transactions with other guy over a lunch.
Having 100% audit over inputs is a lot more than we have currently with traders. With traders, you probably control only 80-90% of inputs they are getting, 0% of what is going on in their heads and 100% of their output. With AI, you can get to audit 100% of input, >0% of what is going inside (not every part of AI will be black-box) and 100% of outputs.
1.8M km is bit over 16 hours for Earth, given its orbit speed around Sun. Does anybody know how far it would go from Earth assuming we would be in worst place of our orbit or is it actually crossing our orbital plane and timing was all that helped here?
From the title, it sounds like part of your brain is lost forever.
Question is not really if you are using same part of brain while navigating with or without GPS (it seems obvious there will be different parts activated). Interesting questions are: - if after navigating with GPS for long enough, your ability to navigate without it in new terrain is hindered considerably, assuming you have grown up without reliance on GPS? - is new generation which relied on GPS from very young age measurably worse at non-aided navigaton that other people?
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... "Note that a black hole is a spherical region in space that surrounds the singularity at its center; it is not the singularity itself"
I'm not from Germany, so I don't know all that first hand, but was really STASI control a major factor in uprisings? I was under impression it was mostly about ruling party, possibility of rigged elections, economic reasons, split of Germany and following a chance given by USSR turmoil/opening at the time. I have no doubts that hate of STASI was some factor in why people hated the system/government, but you have phrased your story so it looks like people of East Germany made a revolution again STASI itself rather than against communist state. Coming back to case of USA and CIA - I can see some kind of revolution happening there because people getting angry about corporation lobbying/control, taxes, elections, some unneeded war etc. Do you really think that people would go out to the streets and try to topple the government because CIA would get too powerful? Wasn't CIA quite powerful in 50ties and nobody really complained?
5 ton projectile at 10km/s (which is probably a lot more than you can expect from civilian mass driver on Moon) is around 50-60tons of TNT equivalent. A lot compared to normal bomb (few MOAB worths), not much compared even to weakest atomic bombs. I'm not trying to say that having multiton rocks dropped from the sky is not dangerous. I just think that there is a lot more interesting damage you can achieve in interplanetary war with technology 100 years in future, given cost of having to liberate from Moon's gravity well first.
It is quite different if you can get a lot of garbage in Earth orbit cheaply and start dropping it from there or start slinging million-ton asteroids from the asteroid belt - you don't have to waste energy for getting things up. Plus, you don't need hundreds km long, sitting duck, delicate mass driver waiting for retaliatory strike which you cannot dodge.
They can also drop engineered viruses, deadly chemicals or fusion bombs, each of them considerably more deadly ton-for-ton than a rock. Bombarding from orbit with rocks makes sense if you are don't have to pay considerably energy to escape gravity well, so you want to save cost on payload as well. If you need to spend a lot for launch, you can as well add some extra effort into what you are delivering.
Wu has just no clue what (s)he is talking about, no point in defending.
a regime that engaged in all types of atrocities (to greater degree than any other regime in history) to exploit resources of others
Is your point that British Empire was committing atrocities to gain some tangible benefits, while many other regimes, committed a lot of worse things, but just for sake of politics/religion/fun, not to 'exploit resources of others', so they don't count?
You can just directly say that 'British Empire was engaged in more atrocities than any other British Empire in history' and it will be also true, even more provably.
Radical Islam have been around for so long that the pattern is very clear. They grow and implode on themselves, over and over again.
Well. Last time it took 1200 years, with good part of Europe ending up in quite bad shape.
Take a look here (ignore what guy is saying, he might be biased, focus on the map, which is based on facts) https://www.youtube.com/watch?...
I think that better statement is that Islam was continously expanding in aggresive manner since its founding, but got a hicckup in last 200 years, where it has stopped, lost most of its power and had to regrow. I'm not really looking forward for another 1200 years of fighting...
We had pizza vending machines back in 2009 (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/14/business/worldbusiness/14vend.html?_r=0). It fit in standalone box. I hardly see getting the innards outside of the box into less constrained environment as innovative and distruptive...
Anti-arbitrage rule. E = mc^2. If c varies, then you could find a moment where converting energy to matter and later matter to energy would produce surplus energy, allowing you to perform arbitrage against laws of thermodynamic, producing perpetual motion/free energy.
I have seen it few times in big corporations I worked in. Somebody sends email to wrong group by accident and then we have 3 waves of attack:
1) Clueless people hitting 'reply all' asking for removal from mailing group 2) Even more clueless people hitting 'reply all' asking people to not 'reply all' 3) "Champions" trying to save a day by putting all in BCC and telling people to not reply all, unless you put it in BCC [1]
And then, few hours later, next timezone wakes up and things start again.
Why is it useful? After it is obvious what is happening, you create folder called 'idiots' and redirect all these emails into that group by outlook/whatever rule. After that, if you need to deal with somebody in your organization, first check if he/she is in idiots folder and approach accordingly.
BTW, 120 replies seems very low. I have seen mailstorms with group of 10k recipients (it was not 'all' group, just some subset of company) generate over 600 replies total in these 3 waves. 120 replies from 1.2 million looks to be technical limitation (or, maybe, there was some hero in IT department who pulled the plug fast enough...)
[1] - My favorite is self correcting champion, which first sends 'reply all' and then does reply to that with everybody in BCC saying he should have put everybody in BCC in first place...
Thank you for insighful answer. I tried to look for some 'reputable' sources talking about importance of gas giants, but best thing I was able to find so far is something like http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_..., with "Two NASA astronomers recently suggested[...]" "life-bearing planets may be rare" and other quite vague statements.
I was under impression that Jupiter-size planets are useful in in star systems where you hope to get life. They catch a lot of space debris (up to moon size), preventing some (most?) of it with colliding with rocky, life-bearing planets. Avoiding serious extinction events or even blowing up entire atmosphere looks like healthy thing for fragile, growing life.
Here we read about 'planetary systems characterized by a paucity of Jupiter-mass planets', but there is no mention of space guard role they fulfill. Is it overrated or we just don't know enough about their importance to put it into scientific paper?
Reminds me a bit of discussion of wine connoisseur. Obviously, wine quality differs, it is just that blind tests give very different results than tests where they can see the label. I wonder how recognizable will be 'fake-bokeh' to lens experts versus expensive real lenses and how they will rate the 'quality of bokeh' in proper blind test.
It would be quite sad if two 10$ cameras and bit of software can produce better perceived 'bokeh' than 1000$ lens given expert bought few days earlier...
I would risk saying, that https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... tackles the problem of living inside a simulation a lot better than Matrix (both came out in same year). Which in turn is based on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... from 1964. Yes, Gnosticism and Descartes were certainly first, but Putnam seems to be recycling ideas which were already heavily explored in s-f for long time. I expect Matrix creators had a lot better inspirations than Putnam.
The only thing that is relatively C-like in Java is the syntax
...and if you take that as the definition of "C-based" then every language mentioned in TFS is "C-based" apart from Python.
R is even further away than Python. I would still consider Python being close in mindset to C. Compare mental gymnastics required for C/Java programmer to switch to Python, versus moving to Lisp, Haskell or Prolog.
While we can discuss how far Python is exactly from others in that family, Java is really, really similar to C++. Especially old java to old C++. Real difference starts when you start going into non-trivial template programming in C++ (visible in boost in some places), but your 'normal Joe' run-of-the-mill code is really same thing. Biggest difference in everyday use (memory management) is NOT what differentiates family of languages.
This would be true if you would, for some unkown reason, try to compare smartness of general population, to answer a question "if I take random person from US (versus China or Poland), how good programmer he could make after training?". But who cares about that? What most people will be probably a lot more interested in is "If I take random PROGRAMMER from US (versus China or Poland), what are the chances they are good?"
So no, this doesn't mean that people in US are on average less 'smart' (assuming 'smart' is what you need to be a good hacker) than any of top hacker countries. But it does mean that a lot of people who are NOT 'smart' are taking programming in US and you will have to weed through 10x more candidates to find somebody useful there.
And, to be honest, I think that India is a lot more interesting result than US. People are not outsourcing programming to US...
As for the micrometeoroid - let's assume it is 1g, travelling at 40000 km/h. This is 11111m/s. This means around 61kJ For comparison, 5.56 bullet is around 4g and travels below 1000m/s. We are talking about less than 2kJ Steel ball will reach around 4.5m/s at point of impact, which gives 36J (not kJ)
Fracture process is complicated and depends on many factors, but from what I understand it depends more on kinetic energy (as given above) as opposed to momentum (where steel ball still loses to micrometeoroid, but wins with bullet).
From above, micrometeoroid seems to be many time more dangerous than point blank shot from m4 rifle. I would obliterate the helmet from what I can understand. It wouldn't neccesarily go much futher (like 10 astronauts in row) due to destruction of meteroid itself.
What is bit surprising is that 11.1km/s is considerably larger than escape velocity in near Earth orbit (7.something km/s). This would suggest it was of external origin, rather than part of orbiting debris?
Slashdot Mirror
I mean, what if we move away from trying to reproduce individual pictures and their pixels and instead start transmitting the scene info? A TV show has a limited number of sets, what if the 3d model/texture info for most everything was transmitted in advance so that during playback all of that information is expressed in a few identifiers and their 3d transforms (ditto for the actors at some point too).
I think we will get a lot of research into that direction if VR catches up. Sending high-quality 360 degress videos is already a pain bandwidth-wise, allowing 3d + some/lot lateral head movement would make it even worse. With real time rendering, you get most of these things for free, at same time opening door to things like at least basic interactivity, nudity/gore censorship (which is not neccesarily bad thing as long as it is a receiver-side option), content customization (tailoring avatars to specific audience) etc.
They could train their deep learning networks based on research done on brain of dead salmon reacting to human emotions...
http://prefrontal.org/files/po...
That's big money in the 3rd world.
From TFA:
"The sensitive nature of the code means the competition is only open to US citizens who are over 18. "
Unless, by 3rd world, you meant Alabama ;)
They will be auditable as far as from where they are getting data. Neuron networks might be bit magic, but if you put firewall between them and database which holds customer information, it won't base its decisions on unavailable data. On the other hand, it is hard to audit one guy talking about few upcoming transactions with other guy over a lunch.
Having 100% audit over inputs is a lot more than we have currently with traders. With traders, you probably control only 80-90% of inputs they are getting, 0% of what is going on in their heads and 100% of their output. With AI, you can get to audit 100% of input, >0% of what is going inside (not every part of AI will be black-box) and 100% of outputs.
If I understand it correctly, it missed us by 16 hours. Or, 140 Earth diameters. It doesn't sound THAT far in those terms.
1.8M km is bit over 16 hours for Earth, given its orbit speed around Sun. Does anybody know how far it would go from Earth assuming we would be in worst place of our orbit or is it actually crossing our orbital plane and timing was all that helped here?
From the title, it sounds like part of your brain is lost forever.
Question is not really if you are using same part of brain while navigating with or without GPS (it seems obvious there will be different parts activated). Interesting questions are:
- if after navigating with GPS for long enough, your ability to navigate without it in new terrain is hindered considerably, assuming you have grown up without reliance on GPS?
- is new generation which relied on GPS from very young age measurably worse at non-aided navigaton that other people?
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
"Note that a black hole is a spherical region in space that surrounds the singularity at its center; it is not the singularity itself"
So 'black hole' has the size, which is directly related to its mass. You can compute it here
https://www.vttoth.com/CMS/phy...
I'm not from Germany, so I don't know all that first hand, but was really STASI control a major factor in uprisings? I was under impression it was mostly about ruling party, possibility of rigged elections, economic reasons, split of Germany and following a chance given by USSR turmoil/opening at the time. I have no doubts that hate of STASI was some factor in why people hated the system/government, but you have phrased your story so it looks like people of East Germany made a revolution again STASI itself rather than against communist state.
Coming back to case of USA and CIA - I can see some kind of revolution happening there because people getting angry about corporation lobbying/control, taxes, elections, some unneeded war etc. Do you really think that people would go out to the streets and try to topple the government because CIA would get too powerful? Wasn't CIA quite powerful in 50ties and nobody really complained?
5 ton projectile at 10km/s (which is probably a lot more than you can expect from civilian mass driver on Moon) is around 50-60tons of TNT equivalent. A lot compared to normal bomb (few MOAB worths), not much compared even to weakest atomic bombs. I'm not trying to say that having multiton rocks dropped from the sky is not dangerous. I just think that there is a lot more interesting damage you can achieve in interplanetary war with technology 100 years in future, given cost of having to liberate from Moon's gravity well first.
It is quite different if you can get a lot of garbage in Earth orbit cheaply and start dropping it from there or start slinging million-ton asteroids from the asteroid belt - you don't have to waste energy for getting things up. Plus, you don't need hundreds km long, sitting duck, delicate mass driver waiting for retaliatory strike which you cannot dodge.
They can also drop engineered viruses, deadly chemicals or fusion bombs, each of them considerably more deadly ton-for-ton than a rock. Bombarding from orbit with rocks makes sense if you are don't have to pay considerably energy to escape gravity well, so you want to save cost on payload as well. If you need to spend a lot for launch, you can as well add some extra effort into what you are delivering.
Wu has just no clue what (s)he is talking about, no point in defending.
By all means, feel free to show any significant language that has managed to make the leap from the JVM to other platforms.
Java itself - it got ported to .NET vm and renamed to C# 1.0...
a regime that engaged in all types of atrocities (to greater degree than any other regime in history) to exploit resources of others
Is your point that British Empire was committing atrocities to gain some tangible benefits, while many other regimes, committed a lot of worse things, but just for sake of politics/religion/fun, not to 'exploit resources of others', so they don't count?
You can just directly say that 'British Empire was engaged in more atrocities than any other British Empire in history' and it will be also true, even more provably.
Radical Islam have been around for so long that the pattern is very clear. They grow and implode on themselves, over and over again.
Well. Last time it took 1200 years, with good part of Europe ending up in quite bad shape.
Take a look here (ignore what guy is saying, he might be biased, focus on the map, which is based on facts)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?...
I think that better statement is that Islam was continously expanding in aggresive manner since its founding, but got a hicckup in last 200 years, where it has stopped, lost most of its power and had to regrow. I'm not really looking forward for another 1200 years of fighting...
We had pizza vending machines back in 2009 (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/14/business/worldbusiness/14vend.html?_r=0). It fit in standalone box. I hardly see getting the innards outside of the box into less constrained environment as innovative and distruptive...
Anti-arbitrage rule. E = mc^2. If c varies, then you could find a moment where converting energy to matter and later matter to energy would produce surplus energy, allowing you to perform arbitrage against laws of thermodynamic, producing perpetual motion/free energy.
I have seen it few times in big corporations I worked in. Somebody sends email to wrong group by accident and then we have 3 waves of attack:
1) Clueless people hitting 'reply all' asking for removal from mailing group
2) Even more clueless people hitting 'reply all' asking people to not 'reply all'
3) "Champions" trying to save a day by putting all in BCC and telling people to not reply all, unless you put it in BCC [1]
And then, few hours later, next timezone wakes up and things start again.
Why is it useful? After it is obvious what is happening, you create folder called 'idiots' and redirect all these emails into that group by outlook/whatever rule. After that, if you need to deal with somebody in your organization, first check if he/she is in idiots folder and approach accordingly.
BTW, 120 replies seems very low. I have seen mailstorms with group of 10k recipients (it was not 'all' group, just some subset of company) generate over 600 replies total in these 3 waves. 120 replies from 1.2 million looks to be technical limitation (or, maybe, there was some hero in IT department who pulled the plug fast enough...)
[1] - My favorite is self correcting champion, which first sends 'reply all' and then does reply to that with everybody in BCC saying he should have put everybody in BCC in first place...
Thank you for insighful answer.
I tried to look for some 'reputable' sources talking about importance of gas giants, but best thing I was able to find so far is something like http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_..., with "Two NASA astronomers recently suggested[...]" "life-bearing planets may be rare" and other quite vague statements.
I was under impression that Jupiter-size planets are useful in in star systems where you hope to get life. They catch a lot of space debris (up to moon size), preventing some (most?) of it with colliding with rocky, life-bearing planets. Avoiding serious extinction events or even blowing up entire atmosphere looks like healthy thing for fragile, growing life.
Here we read about 'planetary systems characterized by a paucity of Jupiter-mass planets', but there is no mention of space guard role they fulfill. Is it overrated or we just don't know enough about their importance to put it into scientific paper?
Reminds me a bit of discussion of wine connoisseur. Obviously, wine quality differs, it is just that blind tests give very different results than tests where they can see the label. I wonder how recognizable will be 'fake-bokeh' to lens experts versus expensive real lenses and how they will rate the 'quality of bokeh' in proper blind test.
It would be quite sad if two 10$ cameras and bit of software can produce better perceived 'bokeh' than 1000$ lens given expert bought few days earlier...
I would risk saying, that https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... tackles the problem of living inside a simulation a lot better than Matrix (both came out in same year). Which in turn is based on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... from 1964. Yes, Gnosticism and Descartes were certainly first, but Putnam seems to be recycling ideas which were already heavily explored in s-f for long time. I expect Matrix creators had a lot better inspirations than Putnam.
The only thing that is relatively C-like in Java is the syntax
...and if you take that as the definition of "C-based" then every language mentioned in TFS is "C-based" apart from Python.
R is even further away than Python. I would still consider Python being close in mindset to C. Compare mental gymnastics required for C/Java programmer to switch to Python, versus moving to Lisp, Haskell or Prolog.
While we can discuss how far Python is exactly from others in that family, Java is really, really similar to C++. Especially old java to old C++. Real difference starts when you start going into non-trivial template programming in C++ (visible in boost in some places), but your 'normal Joe' run-of-the-mill code is really same thing. Biggest difference in everyday use (memory management) is NOT what differentiates family of languages.
"Mosquitos are a prime food source for many different species"
Can you name any? Something where diet is composed at least 20% from mosquitos?
This would be true if you would, for some unkown reason, try to compare smartness of general population, to answer a question "if I take random person from US (versus China or Poland), how good programmer he could make after training?". But who cares about that? What most people will be probably a lot more interested in is "If I take random PROGRAMMER from US (versus China or Poland), what are the chances they are good?"
So no, this doesn't mean that people in US are on average less 'smart' (assuming 'smart' is what you need to be a good hacker) than any of top hacker countries. But it does mean that a lot of people who are NOT 'smart' are taking programming in US and you will have to weed through 10x more candidates to find somebody useful there.
And, to be honest, I think that India is a lot more interesting result than US. People are not outsourcing programming to US...
https://www.quora.com/Spoiler-...
"Testing for NASA's helmets included dropping an 8 lb steel ball from 6 feet."
As for the micrometeoroid - let's assume it is 1g, travelling at 40000 km/h. This is 11111m/s. This means around 61kJ
For comparison, 5.56 bullet is around 4g and travels below 1000m/s. We are talking about less than 2kJ
Steel ball will reach around 4.5m/s at point of impact, which gives 36J (not kJ)
Fracture process is complicated and depends on many factors, but from what I understand it depends more on kinetic energy (as given above) as opposed to momentum (where steel ball still loses to micrometeoroid, but wins with bullet).
From above, micrometeoroid seems to be many time more dangerous than point blank shot from m4 rifle. I would obliterate the helmet from what I can understand. It wouldn't neccesarily go much futher (like 10 astronauts in row) due to destruction of meteroid itself.
What is bit surprising is that 11.1km/s is considerably larger than escape velocity in near Earth orbit (7.something km/s). This would suggest it was of external origin, rather than part of orbiting debris?