Well, some economists were (;-)) The snake-oil-sales branch of the economics community spent the 80s and 90s loudly saying the successful chaps were being overcautious...
Alas, the "common criteria" are a watered-down disappointment, written to allow one to certify anything. It's been successfully used to make what we used to call a "d-grade" system to look relatively good.
To be fair, it's also been used to make some decent system look decent.
You can make an entirely general statement about the Americas and Europe in the 1950s and 60s, when this was a general policy. That's the "we" in question, not any particular individual. As to the definition of "worked", a lack of significant bubbles and lows over a significant period, as compared to the years afterward when the policy changed will do the job.
... in the years after the 2nd world war we used to treat every wild upswing as a bubble and increase the interest rates. Every downturn got a reduction in rates.
It was the same kind of negative feedback that engineers use to prevent oscillation (feedback squeals, for example).
You'll notice it worked. The converse worked much less well.
Poor chaps, they can only make a "c2" grade in the old orange-book (U.S.Department of Defense) grading by removing the networking, while a mainline Linux distro hits b1 (courtesy of the CIA).
A minor niggle to a correct thesis: clouds are indeed horizontal creatures, like lichens (:-))
Joins, however, can be decomposed into a horizontally scalable component that runs on many nodes to return a small candidate set and a vertical component that puts together the candidates and returns the valid ones as a join.
This is what the Oracle Teradata (sp?) machine does, making TP substantially more scalable.
The bottleneck in this scheme is the backplane: it requires Linux hyperchannel to achieve the expected performance boost.
--dave
Polyopoly is a term for local monopolies, due to high cost of relocation. Historically seen in factory locations in industrial-revolution-era woolen mills in England, in modern times ISP local monopolies.
Solved by creating a mechanism for farmers to sell their wool to remote mills, not just their local ones. This became, by repute, the British Woolen Marketing Board, and a good attempt a creating a monopsony (;-))
The technology can detect doubtful transactions in real time, but what the bank can and will do about a (possibly false positive) warning varies.
Primarily, the response varies by the legal regime you're in: in Canada the requirements on the banks are strong, in the U.K. they're famously weak, and in the U.S. there is a federal standard, plus some state ones as well, of varying strengths.
For transactions that can be verified, such as cheques deposited at a bank ATM, the verification can happen as soon as someone arrives at work. That feature resulted in my getting a breakfast-time call last year, telling me that a false deposit had been made to my account, followed by a withdrawal, and I needed to come in and be issued a new card!
If you don't know who to sue yet, you can apply for a court order to discover the name of the person to be served.
To get it you have to convince the court you have a case, and require the information, at which time the court may chose to issue an order to a third party (eg, a newspaper) to identify the person.
It's far more common to be told to file the suit against "John Doe", after which the court will conclude you're serious and order the person's name disclosed.
See Halsbury's Laws of Canada under "Norwich Orders" or google for the recent "York University v. Bell Canada Enterprises" case
Sun's recent problem is that it's been underpowered for the price. When they started out, the rule of thumb was an engineering workstation (anyone's, not just Sun's) was twice the price and ten times the performance. Smart people bought workstations, pulled the heads and put them into racks as servers.
This advantage has been degrading over time, as hardware performance got into diminishing returns, and has only started coming back with the T5000 series. Alas, the T is for small/medium business, so they've got a ways to go yet to have a compelling price/performance story across the board...
You'll know they're healthy when they start offering engineering workstations once more, and you see engineers designing aeroplanes on pizza-box systems on their desks.
It's prior to a legal action being commenced that's unusual. One files suit, and if it is not thrown out as frivolous, one then gets a court order requiring the owner of the IP address to be identified.
That's not new: in fact, it's the normal process world-wide.
Getting an order before a suit is filed is extraordinary and requires a commitment to the court to commence an action.
In York University v. Bell Canada Enterprises and Rogers Communications. York University successfully applied for a "Norwich Order", after committing to file suit.
[2009] O.J. No. 3689 (Courtesy of Lexis Nexis QuickLaw)
Application by York University for a Norwich order. The purpose of the order was to require the respondents Bell Canada Enterprises and Rogers Communications Inc. to disclose information necessary to obtain the identity of the anonymous author of allegedly defamatory e-mails and a web site posting. The information was necessary for York to identify the proper defendants in an action for libel and it would only be used for this limited purpose. [...]
HELD: Application allowed. York established a prima facie case of defamation and the claim appeared to be reasonable and was made in good faith. [...] The disclosure of the information was for the limited purpose of enabling York to commence litigation, if so advised.
That's about the ONLY way they're going to be able to raise this kind of money to keep us from going into the debt hole and never getting out.
Interesting that the cost keeps growing when the whole business is price-inelastic. You don't go and break an arm because you have a plan, and the germs can't tell that you have a plan and target you preferentially...
My father, an insurance detective, once pointed out that medical insurance was the second-best cash cow in the business, only less profitable than death insurance. With "life" insurance, you know everyone dies and the only variable is when. And your customers try quite hard not to collect.
With medical insurance, you know everyone gets sick, you just don't know when, and again everybody tries not to collect. In both cases the customers are cooperative and the outcome is known, so you can profit-maximize based on an average.
Sides with, in the sense of actually being a member, supporter or fellow-traveler of <evil group>? Sure! But has Mr. Obama said that, or were the words put in his mouth by Mr Sandoval?
He made some un-controversial statements about protecting U.S industry from commercial copying: "But it's only a competitive advantage if our companies know that someone else can't just steal that idea and duplicate it with cheaper inputs and labor."
I don't think anyone would mind that, and that is what a legitimate anti-counterfeiting treaty would prevent.
Alas, the commentator leaps out from beneath his bridge and shouts "the RIAA wants that too, and they're evil, so Obama is evil". That's then picked up by a page headed "Obama Care - Stop Him", and retitled "Obama Sides with RIAA, MPAA; Backs ACTA" and referenced here as "Obama Backs MPAA, RIAA, and ACTA".
Do you begin to see a pattern here? This is a classic "guilt by association" scam, in which you say "X", and are promptly tarred and feathered by a commentator who says "but the <insert your choice of evil group here> is in favor of X, therfore you're a member/supporter/fellow-traveler of <evil group>.
One should attack Mr. Obama for what he said, not for something Mr. Sandoval said on his behalf...
The short answer is to get someone to read all your logs daily and email you only if there's something non-routine in them. That will find anything that gets logged, so you will have good coverage and rapid notification.
Since no-one in their right mind is going to offer that service for a reasonable price, you can have cron run an 'artificial ignorance" script nightly. The tern coems from Marcus Ranum, and there's a complete discussion of filtering syslog at Sherlock Holmes on Log Files.
In practice, I get a few emails a month about new things, and add them to the list in the script if they're uninteresting.
You can always make them think hard about it: Multics once had the message HODIE NATUS EST RADICI FRATER, which diagnosed and impossible file system with two roots. The recipients had to find someone who'd gone to catholic school to figure it out. As it happens, the hardware was broken and there was a good reason not to continue...
Yup: long since done by Exegenix, who even did the magazine analysis, and now available as a web service from Tata Consulting in India.
... an intelligent document conversion solution that helps you to quickly and easily convert Word, PostScript or PDF files into XML. Exegenix® employs human-like intelligence to interpret each page enabling automatic and accurate conversion of structures within the document, with no scripting required.
One of my customers used the for-pay service to convert a massive government budget to text the day it was relased.
Yup: constitutions come first, then treaties, then local laws for almost all jurisdictions.
However, the local laws must be written or re-written to implement the agreements from the treaty, or you end up in a gray area, where the treaty says one thing and the law another. Unless your constitutions explicitly says that a treaty overrides local law the day it is signed, the enforcement can only occur after the local laws are rewritten.
This is why you hear "the ACTA treaty will force us to change our laws" instead of "the ACTA treaty will allow police to search your ipod without a warrant". Or, "the U.S. signed the treaty, but the Senate didn't ratify it".
Countries are still sovereign. They can decide to implement treaties any way they like, and other countries have two choices: argue with them or declare war. For some reason they seem to prefer the former (;-))
Indeed: in writing, one commonly samples other people's work using a moderately well-known process called "quoting". I'm mildly surprised she hasn't heard of it.
In quoting, one marks the material quoted with either in-line or block quotes, and lists the source, usually at the bottom of the page in something called a "footnote" (;-))
Darn right he's correct, running IT as anything but part of a line-of-business organization leads to a slow and horrible death.
The whole story of the "mini" and "micro" computers is the profit-making departments wanting their own resources because
the cost-center model of IT gets starved of the resources the lines of business need, to save costs, and
the profit-making model of IT spends its effort in figurjng out how to charge their customers enough to render them unprofitable.
As a consultant, the companies I knew would fail to solve their problems and blame us were the IT-as-a-business crowd, and the ones I knew would succeed, if necessary by hook or crook, were the line-of-business ones with their own IT teams.
Mind you, the latter do fragment easily, but fragmentation is less expensive than failure.
Slashdot Mirror
http://www.radium.ncsc.mil/tpep/epl/index.html is the list of approved products, but none is recent. Everyone does CC these days, as they're easier.
--dave
Well, some economists were (;-)) The snake-oil-sales branch of the economics community spent the 80s and 90s loudly saying the successful chaps were being overcautious...
--dave
Alas, the "common criteria" are a watered-down disappointment, written to allow one to certify anything. It's been successfully used to make what we used to call a "d-grade" system to look relatively good.
To be fair, it's also been used to make some decent system look decent.
--dave
You can make an entirely general statement about the Americas and Europe in the 1950s and 60s, when this was a general policy. That's the "we" in question, not any particular individual. As to the definition of "worked", a lack of significant bubbles and lows over a significant period, as compared to the years afterward when the policy changed will do the job.
--dave
... in the years after the 2nd world war we used to treat every wild upswing as a bubble and increase the interest rates. Every downturn got a reduction in rates.
It was the same kind of negative feedback that engineers use to prevent oscillation (feedback squeals, for example).
You'll notice it worked. The converse worked much less well.
--dave
Poor chaps, they can only make a "c2" grade in the old orange-book (U.S.Department of Defense) grading by removing the networking, while a mainline Linux distro hits b1 (courtesy of the CIA).
--dave
I really like ACM Queue, which regularly prints articles for practitioners about things which both we and our more academic colleagues care.
I recommend it, and on rare occasions, contribute.
--dave
A minor niggle to a correct thesis: clouds are indeed horizontal creatures, like lichens (:-)) Joins, however, can be decomposed into a horizontally scalable component that runs on many nodes to return a small candidate set and a vertical component that puts together the candidates and returns the valid ones as a join. This is what the Oracle Teradata (sp?) machine does, making TP substantially more scalable. The bottleneck in this scheme is the backplane: it requires Linux hyperchannel to achieve the expected performance boost. --dave
--dave
Polyopoly is a term for local monopolies, due to high cost of relocation. Historically seen in factory locations in industrial-revolution-era woolen mills in England, in modern times ISP local monopolies.
Solved by creating a mechanism for farmers to sell their wool to remote mills, not just their local ones. This became, by repute, the British Woolen Marketing Board, and a good attempt a creating a monopsony (;-))
--dave
The technology can detect doubtful transactions in real time, but what the bank can and will do about a (possibly false positive) warning varies.
Primarily, the response varies by the legal regime you're in: in Canada the requirements on the banks are strong, in the U.K. they're famously weak, and in the U.S. there is a federal standard, plus some state ones as well, of varying strengths.
For transactions that can be verified, such as cheques deposited at a bank ATM, the verification can happen as soon as someone arrives at work. That feature resulted in my getting a breakfast-time call last year, telling me that a false deposit had been made to my account, followed by a withdrawal, and I needed to come in and be issued a new card!
The refund followed the next day.
--dave
If you don't know who to sue yet, you can apply for a court order to discover the name of the person to be served.
To get it you have to convince the court you have a case, and require the information, at which time the court may chose to issue an order to a third party (eg, a newspaper) to identify the person.
It's far more common to be told to file the suit against "John Doe", after which the court will conclude you're serious and order the person's name disclosed.
See Halsbury's Laws of Canada under "Norwich Orders" or google for the recent "York University v. Bell Canada Enterprises" case
--dave
Sun's recent problem is that it's been underpowered for the price. When they started out, the rule of thumb was an engineering workstation (anyone's, not just Sun's) was twice the price and ten times the performance. Smart people bought workstations, pulled the heads and put them into racks as servers.
This advantage has been degrading over time, as hardware performance got into diminishing returns, and has only started coming back with the T5000 series. Alas, the T is for small/medium business, so they've got a ways to go yet to have a compelling price/performance story across the board...
You'll know they're healthy when they start offering engineering workstations once more, and you see engineers designing aeroplanes on pizza-box systems on their desks.
--dave
Getting an order before a suit is filed is extraordinary and requires a commitment to the court to commence an action.
In York University v. Bell Canada Enterprises and Rogers Communications. York University successfully applied for a "Norwich Order", after committing to file suit.
[2009] O.J. No. 3689 (Courtesy of Lexis Nexis QuickLaw)
Application by York University for a Norwich order. The purpose of the order was to require the respondents Bell Canada Enterprises and Rogers Communications Inc. to disclose information necessary to obtain the identity of the anonymous author of allegedly defamatory e-mails and a web site posting. The information was necessary for York to identify the proper defendants in an action for libel and it would only be used for this limited purpose. [...]
HELD: Application allowed. York established a prima facie case of defamation and the claim appeared to be reasonable and was made in good faith. [...] The disclosure of the information was for the limited purpose of enabling York to commence litigation, if so advised.
--dave
cayenen8 wrote:
That's about the ONLY way they're going to be able to raise this kind of money to keep us from going into the debt hole and never getting out.
Interesting that the cost keeps growing when the whole business is price-inelastic. You don't go and break an arm because you have a plan, and the germs can't tell that you have a plan and target you preferentially ...
My father, an insurance detective, once pointed out that medical insurance was the second-best cash cow in the business, only less profitable than death insurance. With "life" insurance, you know everyone dies and the only variable is when. And your customers try quite hard not to collect.
With medical insurance, you know everyone gets sick, you just don't know when, and again everybody tries not to collect. In both cases the customers are cooperative and the outcome is known, so you can profit-maximize based on an average.
Duck soup for an actuary.
--dave
Sides with, in the sense of actually being a member, supporter or fellow-traveler of <evil group>? Sure! But has Mr. Obama said that, or were the words put in his mouth by Mr Sandoval?
Honi soit qui mal y pense (Edward III)
--dave
He made some un-controversial statements about protecting U.S industry from commercial copying: "But it's only a competitive advantage if our companies know that someone else can't just steal that idea and duplicate it with cheaper inputs and labor."
I don't think anyone would mind that, and that is what a legitimate anti-counterfeiting treaty would prevent.
Alas, the commentator leaps out from beneath his bridge and shouts "the RIAA wants that too, and they're evil, so Obama is evil". That's then picked up by a page headed "Obama Care - Stop Him", and retitled "Obama Sides with RIAA, MPAA; Backs ACTA" and referenced here as "Obama Backs MPAA, RIAA, and ACTA".
Do you begin to see a pattern here? This is a classic "guilt by association" scam, in which you say "X", and are promptly tarred and feathered by a commentator who says "but the <insert your choice of evil group here> is in favor of X, therfore you're a member/supporter/fellow-traveler of <evil group>.
One should attack Mr. Obama for what he said, not for something Mr. Sandoval said on his behalf...
--dave
A C-level executive is expected to speak at conferences, and in the case of security conferences, to talk about security.
His management probably didn't realize they had authorized him to speak about matters that might make them look bad.
As it happens, if the case has gone beyond investigation and is before the courts, it's now a matter of public record
--dave
The short answer is to get someone to read all your logs daily and email you only if there's something non-routine in them. That will find anything that gets logged, so you will have good coverage and rapid notification.
Since no-one in their right mind is going to offer that service for a reasonable price, you can have cron run an 'artificial ignorance" script nightly. The tern coems from Marcus Ranum, and there's a complete discussion of filtering syslog at Sherlock Holmes on Log Files.
In practice, I get a few emails a month about new things, and add them to the list in the script if they're uninteresting.
--dave
You can always make them think hard about it: Multics once had the message HODIE NATUS EST RADICI FRATER, which diagnosed and impossible file system with two roots. The recipients had to find someone who'd gone to catholic school to figure it out. As it happens, the hardware was broken and there was a good reason not to continue...
--dave
Yup: long since done by Exegenix, who even did the magazine analysis, and now available as a web service from Tata Consulting in India.
One of my customers used the for-pay service to convert a massive government budget to text the day it was relased.
--dave
Yup: constitutions come first, then treaties, then local laws for almost all jurisdictions.
However, the local laws must be written or re-written to implement the agreements from the treaty, or you end up in a gray area, where the treaty says one thing and the law another. Unless your constitutions explicitly says that a treaty overrides local law the day it is signed, the enforcement can only occur after the local laws are rewritten.
This is why you hear "the ACTA treaty will force us to change our laws" instead of "the ACTA treaty will allow police to search your ipod without a warrant". Or, "the U.S. signed the treaty, but the Senate didn't ratify it".
Countries are still sovereign. They can decide to implement treaties any way they like, and other countries have two choices: argue with them or declare war. For some reason they seem to prefer the former (;-))
--dave
I quite agree: quoting is necessary and sufficient to avoid plagiarism, but not sufficient to avoid copyright breach.
My comment was predominantly humorous in nature, not prescriptive...
--dave
Indeed: in writing, one commonly samples other people's work using a moderately well-known process called "quoting". I'm mildly surprised she hasn't heard of it.
In quoting, one marks the material quoted with either in-line or block quotes, and lists the source, usually at the bottom of the page in something called a "footnote" (;-))
--dave
Darn right he's correct, running IT as anything but part of a line-of-business organization leads to a slow and horrible death.
The whole story of the "mini" and "micro" computers is the profit-making departments wanting their own resources because
As a consultant, the companies I knew would fail to solve their problems and blame us were the IT-as-a-business crowd, and the ones I knew would succeed, if necessary by hook or crook, were the line-of-business ones with their own IT teams.
Mind you, the latter do fragment easily, but fragmentation is less expensive than failure.
--dave