Note that RTP itself does not provide any mechanism to ensure timely
delivery or provide other quality-of-service guarantees, but relies
on lower-layer services to do so. It does not guarantee delivery or
prevent out-of-order delivery, nor does it assume that the underlying
network is reliable and delivers packets in sequence. The sequence
numbers included in RTP allow the receiver to reconstruct the
sender's packet sequence, but sequence numbers might also be used to
determine the proper location of a packet, for example in video
decoding, without necessarily decoding packets in sequence.
RTP gives you the ability to monitor the transfer through RTCP, but offers you no QoS guarantees. In other words, your application needs to do its own QoS by monitoring the RTCP. Depending upon your application and the underlying transport, you may also need to retrieve QoS information from other sources.
I'm laughing, because as a product of the 1980s, I distinctly remember the whole mess involving the creation of PG-13 after Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom showed that nifty heart extraction and immolation scene. We had a national Won't-Somebody-Please-Think-Of-The-Children scare and everything.
Once you learn it, you'll find that it is very consistent throughout development. You don't need to worry about certain syntax not working in certain situations, etc. Language consistency is the main reason I use Ruby. If I don't know it, I can guess and be right 95% of the time. It's almost creepy.
I totally agree. That, the clear documentation, and the familiar API (somewhat consistent with Java) are the three things that enabled me to learn it so fast.
I have a rule I use when learning a new language - I don't write "hello world" applications. I try to create an actual application that I would want to use. For Ruby, I decided to write a web server from scratch. This is a pretty good test of the language since it touches on parsing, network operations, file manipulation, and threading.
It only took 10 hours for me to learn Ruby and write a web server (which is fast for me, since I am a slow coder). I probably could have spent less time on it, but I created a separate module to do HTML output (using blocks and yield) so that I could provide fancy indexing for directories and server status pages. Basically, I was impressed enough with Ruby that I wanted to add more features onto my basic server.
The Administrative Patent Judges (who issued the opinion in the article) are appointed by the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (i.e. "The Director"). The Administrative Patent Judges are regular employees of the patent office, and serve until they quit, retire, are removed, etc.
The Director is appointed by the President.
and for how long have they had the power to change the laws of the USA?
They don't have the power to change the law. They have the power to interpret patent law, "on written appeal of an applicant". Note that the applicant can then take this issue to federal court after it is reviewed.
In this case, the patent examiner rejected the patent claims of the applicant by arguing that they were outside the "technical arts". The patent applicant filed an appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. The case was reviewed by the Board and a majority (3 of 5) found that there is no test under the law for determining what "technological arts" covers. The minority argued that the meaning of "technological arts" is equivalent to the "useful arts" phrase in the US Constitution.
The result of this is that a precedent has been set which determines that, "outside the technical arts", is not a justifiable reason under the law for rejecting patent claims.
That's true, thanks for pointing that out. Looks like we'd want to move the de into the name resolution, which leaves us either with breaking the existing resolution for.de or postpending/prepending an additional de to the name.
That seems reasonable to me. I can see how there would be a lot of people that would be upset about gaining the extra country code domain, but I'm not sure there's a better way to handle it. There's going to be major growing pains no matter how you try to fix it.
What is the point in using a garbage collected language if you can still get memory leaks? If I have to run my programs through valgrind or the like to find leaks, why don't I just write them in C++ to start with?
You can't have memory leaks in the classical sense (i.e you cannot allocate memory directly in Java). We were actually talking about object leaks, which you can also have in C++, Perl, Python, Ruby, and pretty much any other language that has objects. The problem illustrated above has to do with figuring out exactly how long your objects should live. In a program that is long-lived and processes a lot of data very quickly, it's very important to break your references as soon as possible or dilligently reuse objects, because you will run out of memory fast. Regardless of the language, the heap analysis software is used in this case to pinpoint which objects can be deallocated sooner and references that were never broken.
I know there are other advantages to Java, C++ has some large ones too, and if you use the STL and RAII like you should, you end up simulating the advantages of java.
As far as resource (e.g. socket handle) leaks go, you'd be better off in C++, because there is no way for Java to do RAII (i.e. no explicit destructors). Java does have container classes, iterators, and parametric types, however. In C++ you will also need Boost, OpenSSL, and Xerces to simulate the rest of Java's standard API.
(Plus you don't have to worry about the JVM license)
The only license that I've ever worried about when doing commercial software development is the GPL.
but the reality was that most of America was unreachable from Europe for quite a few days.
This isn't true. At the time, I was working for a company in the northeast that was working with Telecom Italia. We had no issues exchanging e-mail with them on 9/11.
The United States continues to support the ongoing work of ICANN as the technical manager of the DNS and related technical operations and recognizes the progress it has made to date. The United States will continue to provide oversight so that ICANN maintains its focus and meets its core technical mission.
But I still feel the root servers should be somewhat distributed, in the event that politics does get introduced.
They are. The C, F, I, J and K root servers are distributed with anycast, and thus exist in multiple locations on different continents. The M root server is located in Tokyo, Japan.
Second, the root nameservers are simply hosted in the US.
This isn't true. Most of the physical machines are not owned by U.S. interests.
The C, F, I, J and K root servers are distributed with anycast, and thus exist in multiple locations on different continents.
The M root server is located in Tokyo, Japan.
It would, however, be very wise to have a secondary root level DNS framework outside of the United States.
"Dream Theater has released 4 albums (Falling into Infinity, Metropolis Part 2, 6 Degrees of Inner Turbulence, Train of Thought), 2 Live albums, and 3 videos in that time frame"
Ahh, putting it in terms of progressive metal is what it takes to drive the point home for me. (seriously, where the fuck did that come from?!)
Soooooooo, you're a Symphony X fan instead then?;)
The theoretical electromagnetic pulse effect would hypothetically be created by a multimegaton nuclear explosion in suborbital space in which a massive burst of hard radiation interacts with the upper atmosphere. This is pure science fiction.
If it's pure science fiction, then why does the U.S. MILSTAR/NESP communication system have an operation mode for just such a scenario?
At random unpredictable and uncontrollable intervals the whole program would stop dead while the JVM did garbage collection.
This indicates to me that you have a memory leak in your application.
I helped write a telephony server in Java, which had to be both long-running and fast. Anytime the JVM paused, it was always due to a memory leak. When we first encountered it, we weren't sure what it was either because the symptom was that we were dropping telephone calls due to unhandled events (the events would get to the queue, but the event loop wouldn't handle them due to gc kicking in, and then the ISUP timers would expire causing a missed call). We originally thought the problem was with the event loop, and we steadily improved it. However, one day, we finally ran out of memory after hours of processing calls (nobody was around to witness the pauses, though). It turns out, nobody (including me) had bothered to look at the memory size for the application (typical Java myopia), which was steadily growing as the application ran. We immediately ran the basic Java heap analysis tools and found out that we were misusing the heap something fierce. We were able to reproduce the problem quickly by limiting the heap size, and we noticed the JVM pausing as the gc struggled to free up some memory. After that, we ordered OptimizeIt, and I spent a lot of time tracking down exactly which objects weren't being deallocated properly.
Before we checked for leaks, our server would run for days until it eventually ran out of memory. After we found all the leaks, our server would run forever with the minimum allowed heap size, and we never had any gc pauses after that.
If some country were going to come up with their own version of HTML, or make changes to the TCP/IP protocols, then they would most likely only be cutting themselves off from the rest of the world. Even a larger nation, like China or the US, would only be harming themselves if they tried a stunt like that. People in other nations could not interact with the modified systems, and thus the modified system would become isolated.
Actually, China did just that with their telephone system. In short, China made their own version of SS7, the protocol used for much of the PSTN.
You can still make calls to China, because telephone equipment manufactures found a 1.6 billion person market hard to ignore.
It's better for some action to be taken now, before the US government chooses to take a course of action that is detrimental to the Internet as a whole. At least then the rest of the world can have a somewhat functional Internet
Considering that...
The C, F, I, J and K root servers are distributed with anycast, and thus exist in multiple locations on different continents.
The M root server is located in Tokyo, Japan.
Most of the physical machines are not owned by U.S. interests.
You can really reduce the amount of dust in a case just by getting it up off the floor. Higher is better. Dust tends to settle near the floor, and especially if you have carpet, walking by the desk will kick up small amounts of dust every time.
While this seems pretty logical, I'm not entirely sure that it's true. The reason being is that I noticed that items on my desk seem to collect a lot more dust than my tower case. I thought this was a little strange, so I decided a few weeks ago to conduct a little experiment (*FSCKING NERD ALERT*). I have two black phones, so I dusted both of them and placed one on my desk and one on the floor next to my desk (though not under it).
After a few weeks, the phone on the desk is now gray, but the phone on the floor is astonishingly dust free.
This raises so many questions:
WTF!?
Is there some sort of inherent property of dust that causes it to just stop at one (1) meter above the ground and disappear?
Is there some sort of environmental anomaly in the intervening space between my desktop and the floor that I should be reporting to OSHA every month and, if so, is it safe to put the lower half of my body (including my genitals) in this space?
Are there little gnomish phone sanitizers going around cleaning my floor phone while I'm not looking, but who are incapable of restoring the jolly, candy-like surface of my desk phone of because of their vertical challengedness?
Ha Ha, I've always wondered about how bad non-indians are at pronouncing Indian names
That's easy! It's because...
It isn't apparent from the English spelling whether the vowels are short or long (e.g. Arush).
It isn't apparent from the English spelling that there is supposed to be a tongue flap (e.g. Arush), because English doesn't have them.
There are some sounds in many Indian dialects that native English speakers cannot pronounce, and will never be able to pronounce no matter how much training and practice the speaker receives (e.g. there is a sound in Hindi, which to a native English speaker sounds like it's between a hard "t" and a thorn, but which is not really pronounced that way).
when compared to the other way round,
Actually, most Indian people don't pronounce my name correctly either, because of the aforementioned "t" sound.
you guys just don't get it... do you!!
No we don't, actually. Even if we did, it's completely impossible for us to pronounce some names, simply because we can't make some of the sounds.
There's been many many reports of enormous memory usage with Firefox, even with all windows and tabs closed. It's great you are immune, but that doesn't mean the other guy's system is hosed.
Uh, don't take what I said too literally. I didn't mean to imply that he needs a new system and a shaman to exorcise the Bad Things. I was just reiterating. Sorry if it came across otherwise.
Slashdot Mirror
Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) was accepted as an IETF standards track protocol in January 1996. The research goes back as far as the 1970's.
that is essentially TCP
RTP is not specific to any particular transport layer, but in IP networks is layered upon UDP.
That being said, it most assuredly cannot be used over TCP.
Furthermore, it is most unlike TCP in that it is an unreliable transport protocol.
augmented by a "QOS" (guaranteed minimal throughput) feature.
From the RFC:
RTP gives you the ability to monitor the transfer through RTCP, but offers you no QoS guarantees. In other words, your application needs to do its own QoS by monitoring the RTCP. Depending upon your application and the underlying transport, you may also need to retrieve QoS information from other sources.LOL! Yes we do; it's called PG-13.
I'm laughing, because as a product of the 1980s, I distinctly remember the whole mess involving the creation of PG-13 after Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom showed that nifty heart extraction and immolation scene. We had a national Won't-Somebody-Please-Think-Of-The-Children scare and everything.
You forgot to:
first!*** WHOA THERE!!! ***
Your post is trying to invoke "Teh Snappy" outside of an OS X article.
The recommended value for $teh_snappy on this architecture was "undef"!
Turn in Geek Card now? [y]
I totally agree. That, the clear documentation, and the familiar API (somewhat consistent with Java) are the three things that enabled me to learn it so fast.
I have a rule I use when learning a new language - I don't write "hello world" applications. I try to create an actual application that I would want to use. For Ruby, I decided to write a web server from scratch. This is a pretty good test of the language since it touches on parsing, network operations, file manipulation, and threading.
It only took 10 hours for me to learn Ruby and write a web server (which is fast for me, since I am a slow coder). I probably could have spent less time on it, but I created a separate module to do HTML output (using blocks and yield) so that I could provide fancy indexing for directories and server status pages. Basically, I was impressed enough with Ruby that I wanted to add more features onto my basic server.
Th Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences is established under 35 U.S.C.
The Administrative Patent Judges (who issued the opinion in the article) are appointed by the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (i.e. "The Director"). The Administrative Patent Judges are regular employees of the patent office, and serve until they quit, retire, are removed, etc.
The Director is appointed by the President.
and for how long have they had the power to change the laws of the USA?
They don't have the power to change the law. They have the power to interpret patent law, "on written appeal of an applicant". Note that the applicant can then take this issue to federal court after it is reviewed.
In this case, the patent examiner rejected the patent claims of the applicant by arguing that they were outside the "technical arts". The patent applicant filed an appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. The case was reviewed by the Board and a majority (3 of 5) found that there is no test under the law for determining what "technological arts" covers. The minority argued that the meaning of "technological arts" is equivalent to the "useful arts" phrase in the US Constitution.
The result of this is that a precedent has been set which determines that, "outside the technical arts", is not a justifiable reason under the law for rejecting patent claims.
That seems reasonable to me. I can see how there would be a lot of people that would be upset about gaining the extra country code domain, but I'm not sure there's a better way to handle it. There's going to be major growing pains no matter how you try to fix it.
They did that too.
That doesn't work for protocols that don't use URLs, whereas the current system does.
You can't have memory leaks in the classical sense (i.e you cannot allocate memory directly in Java). We were actually talking about object leaks, which you can also have in C++, Perl, Python, Ruby, and pretty much any other language that has objects. The problem illustrated above has to do with figuring out exactly how long your objects should live. In a program that is long-lived and processes a lot of data very quickly, it's very important to break your references as soon as possible or dilligently reuse objects, because you will run out of memory fast. Regardless of the language, the heap analysis software is used in this case to pinpoint which objects can be deallocated sooner and references that were never broken.
I know there are other advantages to Java, C++ has some large ones too, and if you use the STL and RAII like you should, you end up simulating the advantages of java.
As far as resource (e.g. socket handle) leaks go, you'd be better off in C++, because there is no way for Java to do RAII (i.e. no explicit destructors). Java does have container classes, iterators, and parametric types, however. In C++ you will also need Boost, OpenSSL, and Xerces to simulate the rest of Java's standard API.
(Plus you don't have to worry about the JVM license)
The only license that I've ever worried about when doing commercial software development is the GPL.
This isn't true. At the time, I was working for a company in the northeast that was working with Telecom Italia. We had no issues exchanging e-mail with them on 9/11.
Supposedly this statement:
They are. The C, F, I, J and K root servers are distributed with anycast, and thus exist in multiple locations on different continents. The M root server is located in Tokyo, Japan.
This isn't true. Most of the physical machines are not owned by U.S. interests.
The C, F, I, J and K root servers are distributed with anycast, and thus exist in multiple locations on different continents.
The M root server is located in Tokyo, Japan.
It would, however, be very wise to have a secondary root level DNS framework outside of the United States.
ORSN duplicates the ICANN root zone information.
No, no, no, in Dragonshard, it's only the Dragons that can be hard.
Ahh, putting it in terms of progressive metal is what it takes to drive the point home for me. (seriously, where the fuck did that come from?!)
Soooooooo, you're a Symphony X fan instead then? ;)
(4 studio albums, 1 live album)
If it's pure science fiction, then why does the U.S. MILSTAR/NESP communication system have an operation mode for just such a scenario?
This is called "scintillation", and is very real.
This indicates to me that you have a memory leak in your application.
I helped write a telephony server in Java, which had to be both long-running and fast. Anytime the JVM paused, it was always due to a memory leak. When we first encountered it, we weren't sure what it was either because the symptom was that we were dropping telephone calls due to unhandled events (the events would get to the queue, but the event loop wouldn't handle them due to gc kicking in, and then the ISUP timers would expire causing a missed call). We originally thought the problem was with the event loop, and we steadily improved it. However, one day, we finally ran out of memory after hours of processing calls (nobody was around to witness the pauses, though). It turns out, nobody (including me) had bothered to look at the memory size for the application (typical Java myopia), which was steadily growing as the application ran. We immediately ran the basic Java heap analysis tools and found out that we were misusing the heap something fierce. We were able to reproduce the problem quickly by limiting the heap size, and we noticed the JVM pausing as the gc struggled to free up some memory. After that, we ordered OptimizeIt, and I spent a lot of time tracking down exactly which objects weren't being deallocated properly.
Before we checked for leaks, our server would run for days until it eventually ran out of memory. After we found all the leaks, our server would run forever with the minimum allowed heap size, and we never had any gc pauses after that.
Actually, China did just that with their telephone system. In short, China made their own version of SS7, the protocol used for much of the PSTN.
You can still make calls to China, because telephone equipment manufactures found a 1.6 billion person market hard to ignore.
Considering that...
I think it's pretty safe to say that the rest of the world will continue to have a functional Internet no matter what the U.S. Government does.
While this seems pretty logical, I'm not entirely sure that it's true. The reason being is that I noticed that items on my desk seem to collect a lot more dust than my tower case. I thought this was a little strange, so I decided a few weeks ago to conduct a little experiment (*FSCKING NERD ALERT*). I have two black phones, so I dusted both of them and placed one on my desk and one on the floor next to my desk (though not under it).
After a few weeks, the phone on the desk is now gray, but the phone on the floor is astonishingly dust free.
This raises so many questions:
Calgone, take me away!!!!
That's easy! It's because...
when compared to the other way round,
Actually, most Indian people don't pronounce my name correctly either, because of the aforementioned "t" sound.
you guys just don't get it... do you!!
No we don't, actually. Even if we did, it's completely impossible for us to pronounce some names, simply because we can't make some of the sounds.
Try http://keepass.sourceforge.net/.
KeePass can:
Uh, don't take what I said too literally. I didn't mean to imply that he needs a new system and a shaman to exorcise the Bad Things. I was just reiterating. Sorry if it came across otherwise.
Kip Thorne is a Morman.