One of the new trends is side-to-side flow. Draw cooled air from the raised floor on the left side and exhaust hot air through the suspended ceiling on the right. To reduce interference, route power through the floor and data cables through the ceiling or vice-versa. This way, no system has to take any other's heat.
Some datacenters have very odd cooling systems... some even distribute cold air from the top and collect hot air at the floor, quite a questionable choice.
The problem with Hubble is that with advances in image processing, it is now possible to achieve better-than-Hubble results using ground-based telescopes. We already have higher-resolution and more precise satellites covering the UV and IR ranges. Hubble's main (if not only) asset now is being the only long-range visible-light telescope not limited by atmospheric conditions. Unless NASA decides to go ahead with the Hubble upgrades, Hubble will probably come down within the next ~5 years.
Phone wiring has uncontrolled impedance while Cat5E has well-defined limits. Cat5E has a usable bandwidth extending beyond 200MHz (some video extenders transmit analog RGB over three pairs, using the last pair for keyboard/mouse/usb) while ordinary phone wire is pretty much unusable beyond 10MHz due to excessive crosstalk.
They may both be copper but the way this copper is arranged makes a huge difference.
For 200', wouldn't it be simpler to simply run ~$30 worth of Cat5E to the customer and not have to use a DSLAM + Modem? 100Mbps full-duplex, only need a managed switch to fix per-port bandwidth limits and port isolation policies.
Taxes should only be collected once and should go where people spend most of their time. If I technically worked for some NY company but lived somewhere else, my home state's taxes should have precedence over NY's. There is no reason for me to pay anywhere near full-price for NY's public services since I have never been there.
Well, this provision is a remnant from the '60s, long before telecommuting and expensive gasoline became a reality. Things could very well change for the better after the pending review.
What's wrong is that NY wants the tax paid in full.
If you paid 20% in taxes to the feds, 20% to your work state and 20% to your home state, you are paying 50% more taxes simply because you do not reside in the same state you work in. With 60% of taxation, life can be pretty miserable compared to 40%.
Even under Windows this would be a major annoyance when you simply want to run a stand-alone app from a flash, network drive or other source... or a program you compiled yourself.
I very much liked the DOS days where (un-)installing was a simple matter of doing copy x:\dir\*.*/s y:\dir (or deltree y:\dir), no registry or other sorts of messing with the OS beyond setting the PATH.
I guess this makes Linux the superior CD-ripping platform... at least until Linux distros become autorun-happy and DRM software is ported to the infinite flavours of Linux.
We must not forget that ironically, many of the greatest discoveries in history were either failures or accidents. (The transistor - failed attempt at creating the first FETs, the telephone - a lucky short in the presence of a strong magnet, buckyballs - a forgotten test tube during one night's clean-up, breathable liquids - a rogue mouse that fell in a beaker, etc.)
Will the free readers for MS Office XP documents still be available in 10 years?
If they are, will they still be compatible with the current Windows OS of the time? If not, will WinXP or whatever Windows version the viewer could run on still be available and work on available hardware?
And since it is about document submission file format, having only a viewer is of very limited usefulness unless you intend to print, fill in and fax or scan-mail the form.
Most OSS bowsers have some larger players behind them... Firefox in particular has Google and is related to AOL/Netscape. Eola might be able to get something out of these too.
My take on this: let them commit technical suicide if that is what they want.
After their market has imploded and most of the big players' bottom lines got slaughtered, they will be more likely to quit their unsightly and futile holy war.
I do not mind living without TV and movies until then... like have mostly already been doing for the past 5+ years.
It takes only one large-ish sub-micron particle to ruin a specimen. Smoke and dirty water contain bilions of larger particles. Chances are that even if the clean room's equipment is still otherwise intact, it would be nearly impossible (or nearly as expensive and time-consuming) to clean it well enough to avoid excessive airborne or loose contaminants.
Opterons require registered ECC memory so it should be reasonably safe to aim for RAID0 instead.
Let's see how Newisys' 16/32-ways Opteron clustering chip will fare next year... add the upcoming DDR2-800 Opterons and HT3, you get over 2Tbps overall system bandwidth, potentially enough to pull it off with a single system's RAM.
What good is the stuff in a clean room once fire and debris plowed through?
Clean-room specimens are not so clean anymore once the clean-room has been compromised, they may also have been deformed or broken by heat and vibrations. Equipment is also no good if floors/roof have collapsed on it or after it has been exposed to extreme heat and excessive vibrations. The stuf may not be burnt out but it may be contaminated and damaged beyond being salvageable.
Telemarketers do not call cell phone numbers precisely because people pay per-minute.
What about if you are outside your home zone? You get a $0.10/min LD charge on top of whatever your airtime charges may be. Me, I am on prepaid... my airtime costs me $0.30/min + $0.20/min for roaming and is rounded up to the next minute, even a split-second answering directly costs me at least $0.30.
Two years ago, I had a problem with an auto-dialer from Express Consolidation: it was hammering my cell number... and I really mean hammering: although my phone is set for Ring Once, I once mistook my phone for someone else because it was ringing continuously and checking the settings showed that the phone was indeed mine and still on Ring Once. (It starts ringing, I answer the first call, hear the first second, turn off my phone for an hour, turn it on again and it starts ringing again. I turned off the ringer/vibrator functions for three hours once and got about 150 'missed' calls.) This crap occured one or two days every few months until I threatened Express with legal action - use of ADADs for sollicitation is illegal in Canada so I could most likely have small-claimed them (after sending a registered C&D letter with compensation request) for a $500 default judgement.
There is not much harm in answering junk calls where incoming land-line calls are unlimited... but on my cell phone, airtime is tightly coupled to my wallet and junk calls directly affect my bottom line.
Many LAN equipment manufacturers make 100Mbps switches with 1GbE uplink ports. Some have started making multiport 1GbE switches with 10GbE uplinks.
So, all you need to use a 1Tbps link is a 1Tbps SERDES, a fast switch fabric and a suitable number of suitably fast downstream ports... say 8xOC3072 - 8x160Gbps. This could then feed 16x OC192 or 16x10GbE lines. Traffic aggregation has been with us for a long time.
What I would be interested in seeing is all the wizardry necessary to lock on this 1Tbps stream and encode/decode it. Going beyond OC384 just a few years ago already required some pretty extreme tricks and 1Tbps is 50X as much.
Although HD-DVD has ~5X the resolution, it will require less than 5X as much bitrate to achieve better results than SD DVDs. Chances are that most studios will encode their titles to fit on single-layer media to cut manufacturing costs.
I do not know if this is still the case now but it used to be more expensive to manufacture one dual-layer DVD than two single-layer DVDs. Since some titles still ship with two or more single-layer Extras DVDs, I am guessing the cost advantage might still be on the multiple single-layer's side.
For a 2h of raw 8bits RGB 30fps video... DVD resolution: 720x480 = 220GB of raw video data on 8GB DVDs HD-DVD resolution: 1920x1080 = 1.3TB of raw video data on 20-30GB media Ultra-HD resolution: 7680x4320 = 22TB of raw video data (in NHK's studios)
The 1Tbps wire speed probably includes framing bits just like most other serial links do so the actual usable bandwidth will be under 100GB/s with the typical 10bits/byte (4B/5B coding) approximation. Add other wire/link-level protocol details and the real-world usable bandwidth can dip even lower. 1/11 would probably be a more accurate wire-to-bytes approximation.
This would still place the transfer at around 45GB... a little on the high side even for the upcoming HD-DVDs. The only uncompressed video signal I can think of that would be around 90GB/2h is 12bits/12MSPS sampled standard definition composite. I wonder how many movies are actually stored in this format.
Re:"transmit a two-hour movie in 0.5 seconds"?
on
Terabit Fiber (In 2010)
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· Score: 4, Informative
If you have an 8-ways dual-channel Opteron setup, you get 8x2x400x64 = 410Gbit/s... almost half-way there.
Ideally, you want to stop terrorists before they get to the process of crashing a planes... preferably before they even get remotely close to boarding the plane.
It will all go away once thought/memory scanners will be inventended and yearly reviews are made mandatory. This would limit the terrorists' planning, organizing and execution window to less than a year. It would also prevent criminals from hiding for more than a year.
I hope it will never go this far (well, hopefully not in out lifetime) but if the technology was there, I bet many governments would be tempted... were it not for public acceptance issues. Of course, politicians and their goons would include exemption clauses for themselves to cover their delicate asses since they have at least as much to hide and much more to lose than Average Joe.
Laws do not apply to criminals until they are caught. Until then, the best people can do is either escaping (if possible), go along (and feel like a victim for the rest of their days) or legitimate defense.
If someone wants to shoot a person, laws do not stop that person from getting a gun and ammunition from the black market. In a world where only criminals have guns, criminals would have little to fear from their prospective victims. Having a gun ban is like providing criminals with a guarantee that they have 0% risk of being shot when breaking into private properties.
I personally prefer that criminals have to ponder the possibility of their victims being armed with similar fire-power than having a state-enforced guarantee that the situation is completely one-sided.
Only problem with that is that more than 30% of the population in some areas and 1.1% worldwide (in 2003) are carriers... so you already only had 98.9% back in 2003. More likely than not, things have gotten at least somewhat worse since then.
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One of the new trends is side-to-side flow. Draw cooled air from the raised floor on the left side and exhaust hot air through the suspended ceiling on the right. To reduce interference, route power through the floor and data cables through the ceiling or vice-versa. This way, no system has to take any other's heat.
Some datacenters have very odd cooling systems... some even distribute cold air from the top and collect hot air at the floor, quite a questionable choice.
The problem with Hubble is that with advances in image processing, it is now possible to achieve better-than-Hubble results using ground-based telescopes. We already have higher-resolution and more precise satellites covering the UV and IR ranges. Hubble's main (if not only) asset now is being the only long-range visible-light telescope not limited by atmospheric conditions. Unless NASA decides to go ahead with the Hubble upgrades, Hubble will probably come down within the next ~5 years.
A football field has a diameter?
Weird, I always thought they were at least somewhat rectangular.
With a dozen players from each team on the field plus the staff, wouldn't a 30m diameter field be rather crowdy?
Phone wiring has uncontrolled impedance while Cat5E has well-defined limits. Cat5E has a usable bandwidth extending beyond 200MHz (some video extenders transmit analog RGB over three pairs, using the last pair for keyboard/mouse/usb) while ordinary phone wire is pretty much unusable beyond 10MHz due to excessive crosstalk.
They may both be copper but the way this copper is arranged makes a huge difference.
For 200', wouldn't it be simpler to simply run ~$30 worth of Cat5E to the customer and not have to use a DSLAM + Modem? 100Mbps full-duplex, only need a managed switch to fix per-port bandwidth limits and port isolation policies.
Taxes should only be collected once and should go where people spend most of their time. If I technically worked for some NY company but lived somewhere else, my home state's taxes should have precedence over NY's. There is no reason for me to pay anywhere near full-price for NY's public services since I have never been there.
Well, this provision is a remnant from the '60s, long before telecommuting and expensive gasoline became a reality. Things could very well change for the better after the pending review.
What's wrong is that NY wants the tax paid in full.
If you paid 20% in taxes to the feds, 20% to your work state and 20% to your home state, you are paying 50% more taxes simply because you do not reside in the same state you work in. With 60% of taxation, life can be pretty miserable compared to 40%.
Yup.
Even under Windows this would be a major annoyance when you simply want to run a stand-alone app from a flash, network drive or other source... or a program you compiled yourself.
I very much liked the DOS days where (un-)installing was a simple matter of doing copy x:\dir\*.*/s y:\dir (or deltree y:\dir), no registry or other sorts of messing with the OS beyond setting the PATH.
I guess this makes Linux the superior CD-ripping platform... at least until Linux distros become autorun-happy and DRM software is ported to the infinite flavours of Linux.
Yup.
We must not forget that ironically, many of the greatest discoveries in history were either failures or accidents. (The transistor - failed attempt at creating the first FETs, the telephone - a lucky short in the presence of a strong magnet, buckyballs - a forgotten test tube during one night's clean-up, breathable liquids - a rogue mouse that fell in a beaker, etc.)
Will the free readers for MS Office XP documents still be available in 10 years?
If they are, will they still be compatible with the current Windows OS of the time? If not, will WinXP or whatever Windows version the viewer could run on still be available and work on available hardware?
And since it is about document submission file format, having only a viewer is of very limited usefulness unless you intend to print, fill in and fax or scan-mail the form.
Most OSS bowsers have some larger players behind them... Firefox in particular has Google and is related to AOL/Netscape. Eola might be able to get something out of these too.
My take on this: let them commit technical suicide if that is what they want.
After their market has imploded and most of the big players' bottom lines got slaughtered, they will be more likely to quit their unsightly and futile holy war.
I do not mind living without TV and movies until then... like have mostly already been doing for the past 5+ years.
Exactly.
It takes only one large-ish sub-micron particle to ruin a specimen. Smoke and dirty water contain bilions of larger particles. Chances are that even if the clean room's equipment is still otherwise intact, it would be nearly impossible (or nearly as expensive and time-consuming) to clean it well enough to avoid excessive airborne or loose contaminants.
Opterons require registered ECC memory so it should be reasonably safe to aim for RAID0 instead.
Let's see how Newisys' 16/32-ways Opteron clustering chip will fare next year... add the upcoming DDR2-800 Opterons and HT3, you get over 2Tbps overall system bandwidth, potentially enough to pull it off with a single system's RAM.
Burn down? No.
Destroyed? Yes.
What good is the stuff in a clean room once fire and debris plowed through?
Clean-room specimens are not so clean anymore once the clean-room has been compromised, they may also have been deformed or broken by heat and vibrations. Equipment is also no good if floors/roof have collapsed on it or after it has been exposed to extreme heat and excessive vibrations. The stuf may not be burnt out but it may be contaminated and damaged beyond being salvageable.
Telemarketers do not call cell phone numbers precisely because people pay per-minute.
What about if you are outside your home zone? You get a $0.10/min LD charge on top of whatever your airtime charges may be. Me, I am on prepaid... my airtime costs me $0.30/min + $0.20/min for roaming and is rounded up to the next minute, even a split-second answering directly costs me at least $0.30.
Two years ago, I had a problem with an auto-dialer from Express Consolidation: it was hammering my cell number... and I really mean hammering: although my phone is set for Ring Once, I once mistook my phone for someone else because it was ringing continuously and checking the settings showed that the phone was indeed mine and still on Ring Once. (It starts ringing, I answer the first call, hear the first second, turn off my phone for an hour, turn it on again and it starts ringing again. I turned off the ringer/vibrator functions for three hours once and got about 150 'missed' calls.) This crap occured one or two days every few months until I threatened Express with legal action - use of ADADs for sollicitation is illegal in Canada so I could most likely have small-claimed them (after sending a registered C&D letter with compensation request) for a $500 default judgement.
There is not much harm in answering junk calls where incoming land-line calls are unlimited... but on my cell phone, airtime is tightly coupled to my wallet and junk calls directly affect my bottom line.
Many LAN equipment manufacturers make 100Mbps switches with 1GbE uplink ports. Some have started making multiport 1GbE switches with 10GbE uplinks.
So, all you need to use a 1Tbps link is a 1Tbps SERDES, a fast switch fabric and a suitable number of suitably fast downstream ports... say 8xOC3072 - 8x160Gbps. This could then feed 16x OC192 or 16x10GbE lines. Traffic aggregation has been with us for a long time.
What I would be interested in seeing is all the wizardry necessary to lock on this 1Tbps stream and encode/decode it. Going beyond OC384 just a few years ago already required some pretty extreme tricks and 1Tbps is 50X as much.
Although HD-DVD has ~5X the resolution, it will require less than 5X as much bitrate to achieve better results than SD DVDs. Chances are that most studios will encode their titles to fit on single-layer media to cut manufacturing costs.
I do not know if this is still the case now but it used to be more expensive to manufacture one dual-layer DVD than two single-layer DVDs. Since some titles still ship with two or more single-layer Extras DVDs, I am guessing the cost advantage might still be on the multiple single-layer's side.
For a 2h of raw 8bits RGB 30fps video...
DVD resolution: 720x480 = 220GB of raw video data on 8GB DVDs
HD-DVD resolution: 1920x1080 = 1.3TB of raw video data on 20-30GB media
Ultra-HD resolution: 7680x4320 = 22TB of raw video data (in NHK's studios)
The 1Tbps wire speed probably includes framing bits just like most other serial links do so the actual usable bandwidth will be under 100GB/s with the typical 10bits/byte (4B/5B coding) approximation. Add other wire/link-level protocol details and the real-world usable bandwidth can dip even lower. 1/11 would probably be a more accurate wire-to-bytes approximation.
This would still place the transfer at around 45GB... a little on the high side even for the upcoming HD-DVDs. The only uncompressed video signal I can think of that would be around 90GB/2h is 12bits/12MSPS sampled standard definition composite. I wonder how many movies are actually stored in this format.
If you have an 8-ways dual-channel Opteron setup, you get 8x2x400x64 = 410Gbit/s... almost half-way there.
Ideally, you want to stop terrorists before they get to the process of crashing a planes... preferably before they even get remotely close to boarding the plane.
It will all go away once thought/memory scanners will be inventended and yearly reviews are made mandatory. This would limit the terrorists' planning, organizing and execution window to less than a year. It would also prevent criminals from hiding for more than a year.
I hope it will never go this far (well, hopefully not in out lifetime) but if the technology was there, I bet many governments would be tempted... were it not for public acceptance issues. Of course, politicians and their goons would include exemption clauses for themselves to cover their delicate asses since they have at least as much to hide and much more to lose than Average Joe.
Laws do not apply to criminals until they are caught. Until then, the best people can do is either escaping (if possible), go along (and feel like a victim for the rest of their days) or legitimate defense.
If someone wants to shoot a person, laws do not stop that person from getting a gun and ammunition from the black market. In a world where only criminals have guns, criminals would have little to fear from their prospective victims. Having a gun ban is like providing criminals with a guarantee that they have 0% risk of being shot when breaking into private properties.
I personally prefer that criminals have to ponder the possibility of their victims being armed with similar fire-power than having a state-enforced guarantee that the situation is completely one-sided.
Only problem with that is that more than 30% of the population in some areas and 1.1% worldwide (in 2003) are carriers... so you already only had 98.9% back in 2003. More likely than not, things have gotten at least somewhat worse since then.
This exploit requires physical access.
Having a perfectly network-secure server (turn it off) does not magically immunize it against HDD transplant exploits, equipment theft and vandalism.