Re 'taking tests for other people."
Most university settings should try to stop that by using larger groups of tutors at doors looking at all photo id.
Tutors might have huge numbers of students but know each face for that course by the final exam.
Make all lab time or contact with a tutor part of the course so that students have to show up and interact with their tutor over weeks.
Get all tutors to line up at the only door and move all students pass them with photo id out to take that exam.
The wait for 200 students would be a longer but the merit of passing the exam and academic quality of a good pass would restored.
Use other photo id, student photo id and staff to stop such exam issues.
Re 'they could still use the cellular network, or have an ad-hoc network between two test-takers in the same room who share answers"
If laptops are networking in an exam setting, university staff really need to re think their ways to test students.
The quality of students will be junk and the reputation of any grades from that university will be well understood over the next few decades.
Who would ever hire a student with fake grades after a few issues with past students? Word would soon spread about a generation from any university with fake paperwork.
Employers would then be on alert for all such students over decades of graduates. The better background investigators in the US would also sell such details given their contact with a lot of brands and their issues with past staff.
Think back to "Superspy in the sky could soon be patrolling over British cities to search for hidden terror cells"(April 2010) http://www.dailymail.co.uk/new...
"The aircraft are able to identify suspects using 'voice-prints' "
e.g. telephone traffic today can be matched to any voice on a TV interview many years ago.
Quality is never an issue, just that the voice was captured and is in use again.
The raw collection cost is low given well understood cell phone encryption.
Speech Recognition is NSA’s Best-Kept Open Secret (May 11 2015) https://theintercept.com/2015/...
The spoken words get transcribed, any interesting terms found. A voice print is kept to find the same person again on any voice network globally and all their connected friends of friends (3 hops).
The only change is the new low cost contractor/private sector support. A city or state (with federal funding) can now add that voice print collection to their cell tower collection systems.
The real key is getting the voice print of the person the journalist talked to. Live mic from the journalist own phone or their contact had a phone on them they used later.
Get more OS brands and AV firms to offer something like Avast 2015 new feature: Home Network Security scanning (4 November 2014) https://blog.avast.com/2014/11...
Find any device that responds to a list of well understood admin/passwords settings.
That won't help with all device issues but it might help a bit.
Open book law exam in the past, now its open laptop.
Just go back to open book. That would sort the people with educational skills from the ability to install a few mdimporters https://developer.apple.com/li... for spotlight searching.
A profession mentioned and protected in the United States Constitution.
The color of law way around that is to start to define what a "profession" is and who a real journalist is or what a news organization is.
Cant pay for accreditation for all staff and then get new documents for the news organization, no protection.
It would be back to the days of needing the correct local police media id in every city, town, state, parish every year.
Go back to the 1950's https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
".. involved the accumulation of all telegraphic data entering into or exiting from the United States."
".. Intercepted messages were disseminated to the FBI, CIA, Secret Service, Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD), and the Department of Defense"
Operation CHAOS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
Re 'Journalists anywhere near controversy"
Voice prints will cover for that. Also tracking of all US gov workers, contractors work and home cell phones and their intention with any US journalists.
Any voice talks, meetings with a US journalist known to publish new material about the intelligence community will be under constant watch.
An older program called First Fruits would track all US reporters and journalists for any new mention of any NSA work.
If a story was been created or researched online using new NSA terms not yet public the NSA would get some ability to find the journalist and their contact.
Before or just at publication. Having a cell phone on when meeting a contact is not a good idea. Reading new whistleblower material and searching for terms/projects not yet in the wild is not a good idea.
Talking to US gov/mil contracts as a journalist on any cell phone is not a good idea. Voice prints will track every conversation over any new device.
The other neat part is voice print tech is now down to a city, state police budget. City and state IMSI catchers don't just log number called, location and time. Many now have a voice collection ability. The voice capture is not for listening in, automated voice prints is the new upgrade.
Federally, state and city wide any interesting city, state or national journalists voice print can be tracked. That then finds their city, state, federal gov/mil contacts.
Given the number of active, well funded US journalists publishing on gov/mil matters its not a huge tracking budget to hide.
Keep that phone at home, or give it to a friend when meeting a contact. Mapping two phones next to each other in a park or cafe for 10 mins is great for finding the other party to any meeting. Then make the mic live.
In the past the NSA, NRO, CIA collected everything but did not want anyone knowing methods and ability.
But the raw material had to get to the DEA, FBI and other agencies. The GCHQ could help too, Project MINARET https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
In the 1970's anti-war and civil rights groups started to notice the COINTELPRO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... collection methods.
Factions got created in the civil rights and anti-Vietnam war movements.
Finally internal FBI documents made it out the wider public and US political leaders in 1971.
Around that time the the US had the Pike Committee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... and Church Committee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
The result was the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... to keep US citizens safe from collect it all agencies.
If US agencies wanted to fill in that loss of power and ability after the 1970's US agencies had to get very legally creative under color of law.
Working with US tech brands in the USA, US brands helping with decryption, direct gov/law enforcement/agency networks into US brands data.
Thats what the secret is about. The decryption, domestic collection, the US brands that help, the lax junk big brand crypto.
Collect it all, what was seen with PRISM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
A US journalists' phone is a collection method thanks to the US brand of phone the US journalists trusted or was told had domestic legal protections.
Finally the US is back to its 1960-70's glory with "Obama Opens NSA's Vast Trove of Warrantless Data to Entire Intelligence Community.. " (January 14 2017) https://theintercept.com/2017/...
The minimization protections of US domestic data is gone. Many agencies now gets raw data "collect it all" data again.
The secret rules tried to cover parallel construction https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... for a few decades but thats all gone now.
In the past it was about the ad and the applicants not found.
Put an ad in a local paper and wait. Then show that a lot of ads got placed and after sorting and interviews nobody in the US could fill that role.
Where and how the ad was placed and the exact wording could always ensure few in the US would find the ad or would be ready for the job as interviewed.
Get a visa and swap out a US wage for visa worker.
The only US workers really would be lawyers, a few experts from the US with security clearances, unique to the US state or federal workers with mandated roles e.g. a US engineer to sign off on a project.
Entire teams of low end and middle level US workers could slowly be swapped out.
The real skill was in that ad placement and interview process to never find any US applicants but keep detailed records of the unexpected lack of applicants.
That paperwork created and legal team was the key to visa request success and an endless flow of cheap workers removing US jobs.
How will the new laws be countered?
Massive spending by the big brands on astroturfing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... and well funded SJW teams to fake grass roots US sympathy for the old US wage lowering visa system.
Expect press packs with interviews by articulate, photogenic visa holders about the amazing skills they bring to the USA.
How the USA will be totally uncompetitive without their skills and how that will cost more local jobs.
Broadcast ready, web ready with copy and paste paragraphs about the wonders of getting the worlds best workers to the USA and growing US brands.
How some charming expert Australian author/book designer/GUI/line artist added so much new skill to a US brand and he was so skilled. How the US brand was so happy to have found him and got his skills into the USA. For a lower wage is the part the US brand won't mention.
Like not one person in the USA can be found do art and computer graphics?
Expect a lot of charm, PR, legal work and well funded, loud SJW protests. Posters, stickers, logos, banners, impressive web 2.0 support counts.
A lot of US lawyers and PR firms will be used to try and get the old system back and allow big US brands to get their cheaper visa workers in.
To counter that every person looking for work or who was replaced by a visa worker has to phone, email, write (as in a physical letter) their representatives, call talk back radio and really make the US aware of the role visa applications had in the job losses in the USA.
Get some real people in the US to counter the big brand/SJW astroturfing.
Start talking to US brands and businesses of all sizes. Find out why a visa system for "experts" was even needed.
US colleges have had the ability, funding and staff to graduate the best in the world every year and generation for decades.
Vast amounts of funding went into science education over the decades. Few other nations had that level of US funding for science education over decades.
What can any other nation's educational system do that a well funded US university cant?
Students pass exams and should be selected on merit so the ability to learn and study should be no issue.
Is some skill set lacking in top US universities that make its graduates unable to compete?
After a few years of working and considering a new job what makes a visa holder in any way better than a graduate from a top US university?
If its just a wage difference, that can be fixed. Getting an expert worker into the USA will be as expensive as any US expert.
Is anything missing from the US education system?
Further education? Have US colleges let academic standards drop for any reason?
Are good grades been given to very average US students for some reason who would have been better learning a trade or considering learning some other skill?
If US colleges are still passing students on merit and a lot of students are going to university a lot of very skilled people should have been entering the US work force over many years.
When they change jobs after a few years or over the decades, do they keep learning?
Is anything missing in the US education system that other nations do well? Any diploma mill issues? Or graduation not based on academic merit?
Is the US gov or mil attracting all the top graduates away from the private sector? If so what is the US gov and mil doing better than the US private sector to attract the best staff?
If not what are all the best US gradates who passed their exams over the years and decades doing? Did they all move away from math, science and computing to arts over the years?
Yes at a much lower cost to finding an expert in the USA. So the "looked everywhere" in the USA was a paperwork formaility that would always fail.
Once the need for an expert outside the USA was established any low cost average worker could then enter the USA to fill that "expert" role.
That new worker would be allowed in at a lower wage and be beholden to that company.
The days of "trying" to hire in the USA and then shopping globally for the cheapest average workers to bring into the USA are over.
The wage gap was so just tempting. If you really cant find an expert in the USA, you will have to find an expert in another nation and then pay top expert USA wages in full.
Some of the cash savings to not hire US workers and then bring in very average low cost workers to keep local wages low could now be more difficult.
AC Same as with entering any other nation asking for internet account details, work history, bank account details, providing a health report or been of good character.
You write down the username/pw to all your email accounts. Do you have VOIP, chat, IM or any other new, emerging social media accounts in use?
If its just an ISP thats fine too. Most nations will then look at everything in the main email account and request all other email accounts on that provider. Words, terms, images, to, from,.com..org,.gov,.edu get extracted.
All names are found, all images get fast facial recognition. US facial recognition systems have many years of images from public, private, police, public/private partnerships and mil collection, other nations and are vast.
Any telco accounts, telco related devices? Paying for internet access? What accounts are used?
People in the interview have a few options.
Don't mention an account and hope the security services don't have raw data about that linked account.
Not accessing an account used will stop entry when asked.
No need to tell the user about methods, how the material was collected.
Just that when asked, an active attempt was made to hide account details to avoid vetting.
re "Learning to use the tools that you will need to succeed in the workplace is not a concept that died 30 years ago."
People are not moving from a generation of typewriters or Wang https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... anymore.
They got exposed to Microsoft products at school, university and work with such products every day.
The need for a generation of workers to buy into a new series of expensive MS applications at home is gone.
As mentioned by others on slashdot that office GUI might even be global and very secure using some networked interface.
Been active with banned groups?
Or do the person been questioned only mention the work account and hope the US gov does not know about the other accounts?
Just by not mentioning an account or support can be all the paperwork needed to halt access to the USA.
Its a bit like the classic political party or war crimes questions.
No need to list what the USA knows, just that the person was not truthful on entry.
Typing letters, doing a spreadsheet, desktop publishing is not the unique, selling point, must have product that has to work between management and staff.
Past optimisations between Windows, a CPU and a spreadsheet application helped with GUI and responsiveness due to less RAM, slow CPU's and desktop computer design compromises.
Commercial/gov users have their software paid in full, home users now have fast hardware and other great software options.
Home users want to get as far away from boring and expensive work applications as possible.
Other apps, quality non rental software, free software, open source can offer text and spreadsheet support.
The GUI is simple, support works, the app is fun for what it offers.
Microsoft is great for games, GPU's. The complex, boring work like Office GUI is not needed at home for or users.
Better supported apps exist for the average user doing simple, average computing tasks.
The early 1980's and 1990's rush to use, understand and study Microsoft application at home to be a better worker is over.
The real fun is the private and public databases that go back to the origins of social media. Everything was kept, sorted and later sold to governments globally.
Some of the larger private detective agencies who did background check work soon saw the value in vast amounts of social media that could be collected.
Data that was public for hours, set on "private" for vast numbers of friends of friends or later removed could have all been seen and collected as uploaded.
The US is working very hard on its national Next Generation Identification (NGI) System. What was once the role of the security services looking over voice prints, images is now shared as raw data with many US agencies.
Public, private, clandestine databases are all been linked and any face, name, support will be found going back years.
Also expect more public, private, NGO and city, state police databases to be added.
Fast facial recognition is getting much better with faces that look to the side, down or up too.
When you try and enter another nation and your not a citizen a nation can ask a lot of and any background questions it wants.
The good news is biometrics will remove a lot of the past issues with people moving around with papers that are shared, limited, lost or fake. Some people enter a third nation and have been granted total new legal travel documents in a third nation with no vetting.
Other nations sell citizenship with few questions asked.
As for social media, a nation can ask for that during an interview. Entering any nation can see a lot of questions, searches, work details and even digital data requests.
Some nations ask for bank details to see if a person can even afford to support their stay, if they have been a criminal, health questions. At entry into another nation that is all fine and normal practice globally.
The other great aspect about the social media question is the deception aspect.
If a person shows their social media and is in support of groups banned in the USA that can be discovered and entry revoked.
If a person hides their social media accounts when asked directly on entry to the USA and such accounts are then found later, that can revoke documents.
The very aspect of hiding such details when asked is a great way to cancel papers.
Thats why the USA had that list of very classic questions surrounding a persons role in persecution, wars, party membership.
If a person tries to hide some of their social media accounts and its later discovered they did not tell the truth, entry can be revoked.
Any social media questions on entry to the USA are just a natural extension of this policy to find if a person has links to groups or individuals of interest to the USA and then tries to hide such connections.
Other nations will ask for all and any passwords and then read/search emails, social media during an interview on entry.
A green card, other issued travel documents or citizenship is not some diplomatic immunity like protection from questions, searches or now social media requests.
Until a person is a US citizen its just gov granted paperwork that can change. Been in another nation with your own citizenship is well understood by most nations.
Like most other nations people have a few options:
Change your citizenship, consider dual citizenship (some nations allow that) or opt to follow a visas and permits policy that can change.
Think of it as a really good guest worker card AC.
US citizenship is an option at the end of that green card process.
So until US citizenship is granted its like most other nations permits. Can work or just free to move around.
Like most permits, most govs do have the option to revoke what they grant to any other nations citizens.
The is person granted some paperwork and have their own citizenship.
The key word been "residents". Work permits, residents, green cards can all change.
That application or resulting permission is not citizenship like and can be revoked.
Your not a US citizen. You have some work permit or other documents?
Most nations keep vast databases on that for tax, length of stay, who a person works for or the other reason they are in a nation e.g. work, education, holiday.
i.e. within the limits of the Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act.
Is the person still working, have they changed jobs? What qualifications?
If their work ends in the they can try for another job, study or return to their own nation.
The exceptions are in place for enforcement purposes, congressional investigations.
The Arrival and Departure Information System, ATS got an exemption from the privacy act.
Wanting to enter the USA does not grant a lot of instant protections for foreigners. If your documents are not correct, or policy has changed, like any other nation, questions can be asked or permission can even be revoked. Been granted some permission to move around the USA or work is not citizenship. That green card its not the same as been a US citizen.
Get a VPN in the only router that can see the internet. Every packet in and out gets wifi VPN. Or ethernet VPN on the desktop.
Any OS or app can then do what it wants. Any media layer, javascript, hidden peer-to-peer connection it all gets VPN.
is keep parts flowing from a few US cpu and gpu brands.
Bump that iMac, mini, pro every year. The OS spans a few hardware cycles. Slowly remove OS support from the past hardware.
Slashdot Mirror
Re 'taking tests for other people."
Most university settings should try to stop that by using larger groups of tutors at doors looking at all photo id.
Tutors might have huge numbers of students but know each face for that course by the final exam.
Make all lab time or contact with a tutor part of the course so that students have to show up and interact with their tutor over weeks.
Get all tutors to line up at the only door and move all students pass them with photo id out to take that exam.
The wait for 200 students would be a longer but the merit of passing the exam and academic quality of a good pass would restored.
Use other photo id, student photo id and staff to stop such exam issues.
Re 'they could still use the cellular network, or have an ad-hoc network between two test-takers in the same room who share answers"
If laptops are networking in an exam setting, university staff really need to re think their ways to test students.
The quality of students will be junk and the reputation of any grades from that university will be well understood over the next few decades.
Who would ever hire a student with fake grades after a few issues with past students? Word would soon spread about a generation from any university with fake paperwork.
Employers would then be on alert for all such students over decades of graduates. The better background investigators in the US would also sell such details given their contact with a lot of brands and their issues with past staff.
Think back to "Superspy in the sky could soon be patrolling over British cities to search for hidden terror cells"(April 2010)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/new...
"The aircraft are able to identify suspects using 'voice-prints' "
e.g. telephone traffic today can be matched to any voice on a TV interview many years ago.
Quality is never an issue, just that the voice was captured and is in use again.
The raw collection cost is low given well understood cell phone encryption.
Speech Recognition is NSA’s Best-Kept Open Secret (May 11 2015)
https://theintercept.com/2015/...
The spoken words get transcribed, any interesting terms found. A voice print is kept to find the same person again on any voice network globally and all their connected friends of friends (3 hops).
The only change is the new low cost contractor/private sector support. A city or state (with federal funding) can now add that voice print collection to their cell tower collection systems.
The real key is getting the voice print of the person the journalist talked to. Live mic from the journalist own phone or their contact had a phone on them they used later.
Get more OS brands and AV firms to offer something like Avast 2015 new feature: Home Network Security scanning (4 November 2014)
https://blog.avast.com/2014/11...
Find any device that responds to a list of well understood admin/passwords settings.
That won't help with all device issues but it might help a bit.
Open book law exam in the past, now its open laptop.
Just go back to open book.
That would sort the people with educational skills from the ability to install a few mdimporters https://developer.apple.com/li... for spotlight searching.
A profession mentioned and protected in the United States Constitution.
The color of law way around that is to start to define what a "profession" is and who a real journalist is or what a news organization is.
Cant pay for accreditation for all staff and then get new documents for the news organization, no protection.
It would be back to the days of needing the correct local police media id in every city, town, state, parish every year.
Go back to the 1950's
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
".. involved the accumulation of all telegraphic data entering into or exiting from the United States."
".. Intercepted messages were disseminated to the FBI, CIA, Secret Service, Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD), and the Department of Defense"
Operation CHAOS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
Re 'Journalists anywhere near controversy"
Voice prints will cover for that. Also tracking of all US gov workers, contractors work and home cell phones and their intention with any US journalists.
Any voice talks, meetings with a US journalist known to publish new material about the intelligence community will be under constant watch.
An older program called First Fruits would track all US reporters and journalists for any new mention of any NSA work.
If a story was been created or researched online using new NSA terms not yet public the NSA would get some ability to find the journalist and their contact. Before or just at publication. Having a cell phone on when meeting a contact is not a good idea. Reading new whistleblower material and searching for terms/projects not yet in the wild is not a good idea.
Talking to US gov/mil contracts as a journalist on any cell phone is not a good idea. Voice prints will track every conversation over any new device.
The other neat part is voice print tech is now down to a city, state police budget. City and state IMSI catchers don't just log number called, location and time. Many now have a voice collection ability. The voice capture is not for listening in, automated voice prints is the new upgrade.
Federally, state and city wide any interesting city, state or national journalists voice print can be tracked. That then finds their city, state, federal gov/mil contacts.
Given the number of active, well funded US journalists publishing on gov/mil matters its not a huge tracking budget to hide.
Keep that phone at home, or give it to a friend when meeting a contact. Mapping two phones next to each other in a park or cafe for 10 mins is great for finding the other party to any meeting. Then make the mic live.
In the past the NSA, NRO, CIA collected everything but did not want anyone knowing methods and ability.
But the raw material had to get to the DEA, FBI and other agencies. The GCHQ could help too, Project MINARET https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
In the 1970's anti-war and civil rights groups started to notice the COINTELPRO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... collection methods.
Factions got created in the civil rights and anti-Vietnam war movements.
Finally internal FBI documents made it out the wider public and US political leaders in 1971.
Around that time the the US had the Pike Committee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... and Church Committee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
The result was the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... to keep US citizens safe from collect it all agencies.
If US agencies wanted to fill in that loss of power and ability after the 1970's US agencies had to get very legally creative under color of law.
Working with US tech brands in the USA, US brands helping with decryption, direct gov/law enforcement/agency networks into US brands data.
Thats what the secret is about. The decryption, domestic collection, the US brands that help, the lax junk big brand crypto.
Collect it all, what was seen with PRISM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/....
A US journalists' phone is a collection method thanks to the US brand of phone the US journalists trusted or was told had domestic legal protections.
Finally the US is back to its 1960-70's glory with "Obama Opens NSA's Vast Trove of Warrantless Data to Entire Intelligence Community.. " (January 14 2017)
https://theintercept.com/2017/...
The minimization protections of US domestic data is gone. Many agencies now gets raw data "collect it all" data again.
The secret rules tried to cover parallel construction https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... for a few decades but thats all gone now.
In the past it was about the ad and the applicants not found.
Put an ad in a local paper and wait. Then show that a lot of ads got placed and after sorting and interviews nobody in the US could fill that role.
Where and how the ad was placed and the exact wording could always ensure few in the US would find the ad or would be ready for the job as interviewed.
Get a visa and swap out a US wage for visa worker.
The only US workers really would be lawyers, a few experts from the US with security clearances, unique to the US state or federal workers with mandated roles e.g. a US engineer to sign off on a project.
Entire teams of low end and middle level US workers could slowly be swapped out.
The real skill was in that ad placement and interview process to never find any US applicants but keep detailed records of the unexpected lack of applicants.
That paperwork created and legal team was the key to visa request success and an endless flow of cheap workers removing US jobs.
How will the new laws be countered?
Massive spending by the big brands on astroturfing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... and well funded SJW teams to fake grass roots US sympathy for the old US wage lowering visa system.
Expect press packs with interviews by articulate, photogenic visa holders about the amazing skills they bring to the USA.
How the USA will be totally uncompetitive without their skills and how that will cost more local jobs.
Broadcast ready, web ready with copy and paste paragraphs about the wonders of getting the worlds best workers to the USA and growing US brands.
How some charming expert Australian author/book designer/GUI/line artist added so much new skill to a US brand and he was so skilled. How the US brand was so happy to have found him and got his skills into the USA. For a lower wage is the part the US brand won't mention.
Like not one person in the USA can be found do art and computer graphics?
Expect a lot of charm, PR, legal work and well funded, loud SJW protests. Posters, stickers, logos, banners, impressive web 2.0 support counts.
A lot of US lawyers and PR firms will be used to try and get the old system back and allow big US brands to get their cheaper visa workers in.
To counter that every person looking for work or who was replaced by a visa worker has to phone, email, write (as in a physical letter) their representatives, call talk back radio and really make the US aware of the role visa applications had in the job losses in the USA.
Get some real people in the US to counter the big brand/SJW astroturfing.
The ability to request a visa for a special job just to lower wages should have been fixed years ago :)
Start talking to US brands and businesses of all sizes. Find out why a visa system for "experts" was even needed.
US colleges have had the ability, funding and staff to graduate the best in the world every year and generation for decades.
Vast amounts of funding went into science education over the decades. Few other nations had that level of US funding for science education over decades.
What can any other nation's educational system do that a well funded US university cant?
Students pass exams and should be selected on merit so the ability to learn and study should be no issue.
Is some skill set lacking in top US universities that make its graduates unable to compete?
After a few years of working and considering a new job what makes a visa holder in any way better than a graduate from a top US university?
If its just a wage difference, that can be fixed. Getting an expert worker into the USA will be as expensive as any US expert.
Is anything missing from the US education system?
Further education? Have US colleges let academic standards drop for any reason?
Are good grades been given to very average US students for some reason who would have been better learning a trade or considering learning some other skill?
If US colleges are still passing students on merit and a lot of students are going to university a lot of very skilled people should have been entering the US work force over many years.
When they change jobs after a few years or over the decades, do they keep learning?
Is anything missing in the US education system that other nations do well? Any diploma mill issues? Or graduation not based on academic merit?
Is the US gov or mil attracting all the top graduates away from the private sector? If so what is the US gov and mil doing better than the US private sector to attract the best staff?
If not what are all the best US gradates who passed their exams over the years and decades doing? Did they all move away from math, science and computing to arts over the years?
Yes at a much lower cost to finding an expert in the USA. So the "looked everywhere" in the USA was a paperwork formaility that would always fail.
Once the need for an expert outside the USA was established any low cost average worker could then enter the USA to fill that "expert" role.
That new worker would be allowed in at a lower wage and be beholden to that company.
The days of "trying" to hire in the USA and then shopping globally for the cheapest average workers to bring into the USA are over.
The wage gap was so just tempting. If you really cant find an expert in the USA, you will have to find an expert in another nation and then pay top expert USA wages in full.
Some of the cash savings to not hire US workers and then bring in very average low cost workers to keep local wages low could now be more difficult.
AC Same as with entering any other nation asking for internet account details, work history, bank account details, providing a health report or been of good character. .com. .org, .gov, .edu get extracted.
You write down the username/pw to all your email accounts. Do you have VOIP, chat, IM or any other new, emerging social media accounts in use?
If its just an ISP thats fine too. Most nations will then look at everything in the main email account and request all other email accounts on that provider. Words, terms, images, to, from,
All names are found, all images get fast facial recognition. US facial recognition systems have many years of images from public, private, police, public/private partnerships and mil collection, other nations and are vast.
Any telco accounts, telco related devices? Paying for internet access? What accounts are used?
People in the interview have a few options.
Don't mention an account and hope the security services don't have raw data about that linked account.
Not accessing an account used will stop entry when asked.
No need to tell the user about methods, how the material was collected.
Just that when asked, an active attempt was made to hide account details to avoid vetting.
re "Learning to use the tools that you will need to succeed in the workplace is not a concept that died 30 years ago."
People are not moving from a generation of typewriters or Wang https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... anymore.
They got exposed to Microsoft products at school, university and work with such products every day.
The need for a generation of workers to buy into a new series of expensive MS applications at home is gone.
As mentioned by others on slashdot that office GUI might even be global and very secure using some networked interface.
Been active with banned groups?
Or do the person been questioned only mention the work account and hope the US gov does not know about the other accounts?
Just by not mentioning an account or support can be all the paperwork needed to halt access to the USA.
Its a bit like the classic political party or war crimes questions.
No need to list what the USA knows, just that the person was not truthful on entry.
Typing letters, doing a spreadsheet, desktop publishing is not the unique, selling point, must have product that has to work between management and staff.
Past optimisations between Windows, a CPU and a spreadsheet application helped with GUI and responsiveness due to less RAM, slow CPU's and desktop computer design compromises.
Commercial/gov users have their software paid in full, home users now have fast hardware and other great software options.
Home users want to get as far away from boring and expensive work applications as possible.
Other apps, quality non rental software, free software, open source can offer text and spreadsheet support.
The GUI is simple, support works, the app is fun for what it offers.
Microsoft is great for games, GPU's. The complex, boring work like Office GUI is not needed at home for or users.
Better supported apps exist for the average user doing simple, average computing tasks.
The early 1980's and 1990's rush to use, understand and study Microsoft application at home to be a better worker is over.
The real fun is the private and public databases that go back to the origins of social media. Everything was kept, sorted and later sold to governments globally.
Some of the larger private detective agencies who did background check work soon saw the value in vast amounts of social media that could be collected.
Data that was public for hours, set on "private" for vast numbers of friends of friends or later removed could have all been seen and collected as uploaded.
The US is working very hard on its national Next Generation Identification (NGI) System. What was once the role of the security services looking over voice prints, images is now shared as raw data with many US agencies.
Public, private, clandestine databases are all been linked and any face, name, support will be found going back years.
Also expect more public, private, NGO and city, state police databases to be added.
Fast facial recognition is getting much better with faces that look to the side, down or up too.
When you try and enter another nation and your not a citizen a nation can ask a lot of and any background questions it wants.
The good news is biometrics will remove a lot of the past issues with people moving around with papers that are shared, limited, lost or fake.
Some people enter a third nation and have been granted total new legal travel documents in a third nation with no vetting.
Other nations sell citizenship with few questions asked.
As for social media, a nation can ask for that during an interview. Entering any nation can see a lot of questions, searches, work details and even digital data requests.
Some nations ask for bank details to see if a person can even afford to support their stay, if they have been a criminal, health questions. At entry into another nation that is all fine and normal practice globally.
The other great aspect about the social media question is the deception aspect.
If a person shows their social media and is in support of groups banned in the USA that can be discovered and entry revoked.
If a person hides their social media accounts when asked directly on entry to the USA and such accounts are then found later, that can revoke documents.
The very aspect of hiding such details when asked is a great way to cancel papers.
Thats why the USA had that list of very classic questions surrounding a persons role in persecution, wars, party membership.
If a person tries to hide some of their social media accounts and its later discovered they did not tell the truth, entry can be revoked.
Any social media questions on entry to the USA are just a natural extension of this policy to find if a person has links to groups or individuals of interest to the USA and then tries to hide such connections.
Other nations will ask for all and any passwords and then read/search emails, social media during an interview on entry.
A green card, other issued travel documents or citizenship is not some diplomatic immunity like protection from questions, searches or now social media requests.
Until a person is a US citizen its just gov granted paperwork that can change. Been in another nation with your own citizenship is well understood by most nations.
Like most other nations people have a few options:
Change your citizenship, consider dual citizenship (some nations allow that) or opt to follow a visas and permits policy that can change.
Think of it as a really good guest worker card AC.
US citizenship is an option at the end of that green card process.
So until US citizenship is granted its like most other nations permits. Can work or just free to move around.
Like most permits, most govs do have the option to revoke what they grant to any other nations citizens.
The is person granted some paperwork and have their own citizenship.
The key word been "residents". Work permits, residents, green cards can all change.
That application or resulting permission is not citizenship like and can be revoked.
Your not a US citizen. You have some work permit or other documents?
Most nations keep vast databases on that for tax, length of stay, who a person works for or the other reason they are in a nation e.g. work, education, holiday.
i.e. within the limits of the Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act.
Is the person still working, have they changed jobs? What qualifications?
If their work ends in the they can try for another job, study or return to their own nation.
The exceptions are in place for enforcement purposes, congressional investigations.
The Arrival and Departure Information System, ATS got an exemption from the privacy act.
Wanting to enter the USA does not grant a lot of instant protections for foreigners. If your documents are not correct, or policy has changed, like any other nation, questions can be asked or permission can even be revoked. Been granted some permission to move around the USA or work is not citizenship. That green card its not the same as been a US citizen.
Get a VPN in the only router that can see the internet. Every packet in and out gets wifi VPN. Or ethernet VPN on the desktop.
Any OS or app can then do what it wants. Any media layer, javascript, hidden peer-to-peer connection it all gets VPN.
is keep parts flowing from a few US cpu and gpu brands.
Bump that iMac, mini, pro every year. The OS spans a few hardware cycles. Slowly remove OS support from the past hardware.