Slashdot Mirror

symbolset writes "Microsoft has had some trouble as of late getting adoption of their mobile products. Even Bill Gates has said it was inadequate. Despite rave reviews of Windows Phone in the press it has failed to get double digit share of the smartphone market. Now comes reports from WMPoweruser that WP8 will lose mainstream support in July 2014."

A U.S. District Court Judge in California today ruled that so-called National Security Letters, used by government agencies to force business and organizations to turn over information on citizens, are unconstitutional. Judge Susan Illston ordered the government to stop using them, but gave the government a 90-day window to appeal the decision, during which the NSLs may still be sent out. The letters were challenged by the Electronic Frontier Foundation on behalf of a telecom who was ordered to provide data. "The telecom took the extraordinary and rare step of challenging the underlying authority of the National Security Letter, as well as the legitimacy of the gag order that came with it. Both challenges are allowed under a federal law that governs NSLs, a power greatly expanded under the Patriot Act that allows the government to get detailed information on Americans’ finances and communications without oversight from a judge. The FBI has issued hundreds of thousands of NSLs and been reprimanded for abusing them — though almost none of the requests have been challenged by the recipients. After the telecom challenged the NSL, the Justice Department took its own extraordinary measure and sued the company, arguing in court documents that the company was violating the law by challenging its authority. The move stunned the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which is representing the anonymous telecom. ... After heated negotiations with EFF, the Justice Department agreed to stay the civil suit and let the telecom’s challenge play out in court. The Justice Department subsequently filed a motion to compel in the challenge case, but has never dropped the civil suit."

A U.S. District Court Judge in California today ruled that so-called National Security Letters, used by government agencies to force business and organizations to turn over information on citizens, are unconstitutional. Judge Susan Illston ordered the government to stop using them, but gave the government a 90-day window to appeal the decision, during which the NSLs may still be sent out. The letters were challenged by the Electronic Frontier Foundation on behalf of a telecom who was ordered to provide data. "The telecom took the extraordinary and rare step of challenging the underlying authority of the National Security Letter, as well as the legitimacy of the gag order that came with it. Both challenges are allowed under a federal law that governs NSLs, a power greatly expanded under the Patriot Act that allows the government to get detailed information on Americans’ finances and communications without oversight from a judge. The FBI has issued hundreds of thousands of NSLs and been reprimanded for abusing them — though almost none of the requests have been challenged by the recipients. After the telecom challenged the NSL, the Justice Department took its own extraordinary measure and sued the company, arguing in court documents that the company was violating the law by challenging its authority. The move stunned the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which is representing the anonymous telecom. ... After heated negotiations with EFF, the Justice Department agreed to stay the civil suit and let the telecom’s challenge play out in court. The Justice Department subsequently filed a motion to compel in the challenge case, but has never dropped the civil suit."

ananyo writes "The research world's most famous human cell has had its genome decoded, and it's a mess. German researchers this week report the genome sequence of the HeLa cell line, which originates from a deadly cervical tumor taken from a patient named Henrietta Lacks (Slashdot has previously noted a film made about the cells and there's a recent mutli-award winning book on Lacks). Established the same year that Lacks died in 1951, HeLa cells were the first human cells to grow well in the laboratory. The cells have contributed to more than 60,000 research papers, the development of a polio vaccine in the 1950s and, most recently, an international effort to characterize the genome, known as ENCODE. The team's work shows that HeLa cells contain one extra version of most chromosomes, with up to five copies of some, and raises further questions over the widespread use of HeLa cells as models for human cell biology."

ananyo writes "The research world's most famous human cell has had its genome decoded, and it's a mess. German researchers this week report the genome sequence of the HeLa cell line, which originates from a deadly cervical tumor taken from a patient named Henrietta Lacks (Slashdot has previously noted a film made about the cells and there's a recent mutli-award winning book on Lacks). Established the same year that Lacks died in 1951, HeLa cells were the first human cells to grow well in the laboratory. The cells have contributed to more than 60,000 research papers, the development of a polio vaccine in the 1950s and, most recently, an international effort to characterize the genome, known as ENCODE. The team's work shows that HeLa cells contain one extra version of most chromosomes, with up to five copies of some, and raises further questions over the widespread use of HeLa cells as models for human cell biology."

Dropbox announced today that it is acquiring Mailbox, an iOS email client designed to take better advantage of a touch interface. The app launched last month, and the Mailbox team says they're already delivering more than 60 million emails daily. Demand for the service continues to grow, so they were exploring their options to expand. They said, "We can’t wait to put Mailbox in the hands of everyone who wants it. This means not only continuing to scale the service, but also including support for more email providers and mobile devices. Add to that a host of new features and we’ve got a LOT of work to do, certainly more than our current team of 14 can handle. We need to grow and we need to grow thoughtfully, with top-notch people who share our goals and values. Enter Dropbox, the team from San Francisco who helps over 100M people bring their photos, docs, and videos with them anywhere. They’re a profoundly talented bunch who build great tools that make work frictionless, and Mailbox fits Dropbox’s mission like a glove. Plus, they’ve got a ton of experience scaling services and are experts at handling people’s data with care. In short, Dropbox is our kind of company."

eldavojohn writes "Just like the many stories surrounding alleged 'Wi-Fi sickness,' research is now showing that windfarm sickness spreads by word of mouth instead of applying universally to windfarms. Areas that had never had any noise or health complaints were suddenly experiencing them after 2009 when anti-wind groups targeted populations surrounding windfarms. From the article, 'Eighteen reviews of the research literature on wind turbines and health published since 2003 had all reached the broad conclusion that there was very little evidence they were directly harmful to health.' While there's unfortunately no way to prove that someone is lying about how they feel, it's likely a mixture of confirmation bias, psychosomatic response, hypochondria, greed and hatred of seeing windmills on the horizon that drives this phenomenon."

A while ago you had a chance to ask blender aficionado and internet celebrity Tom Dickson about viral marketing, and all things blended. Below you'll find his responses to your blender inquiries. Why did you start doing the videos?
by Jim Hall

I'd like to know how you got the idea to do the "Will it blend?" videos in the first place? As mentioned in the summary, it's one of, if not the greatest viral marketing campaigns of all time. Did someone at Blendtec just suggest out of the blue "You should do videos on YouTube", or were you looking for a new advertising idea and a clever marketer had this idea?

Tom: Will it Blend? was developed accidentally by a new marketing director hired in 2006. I have always been one to try to break my blenders to find their fail points and determine how I can improve them. George, the new marketing director, discovered some of the wacky things I was doing to my blenders, including shoving 2x2s into the jars to try to break the blender. With a $50 budget George bought a Happy Meal, a rotisserie chicken, coke cans, golf balls, and a few other items, and they made 5 videos. Six days later we had six million views on YouTube. Six years, 120+ videos, almost 200 million views later, Will it Blend? has been named as the number one viral marketing campaign of all time.



which ones surprised you
by Anonymous Coward

Which things really surprised you by how well, or poorly, they blended?

Tom: Honestly, there were actually few things that surprised me because I have been blending things in my blenders for years. But there have been many really fun, and scary ones for safety reasons. That’s why we make sure to place “Do Not Try This At Home” on all of our videos.



Will It Blend
by Anonymous Coward

What product created the most noxious byproducts after being blended? Have you ever had to get medical treatment or call out a HazMat team after blending a product?

Tom: The line “Don’t breathe this” didn’t get added by happenstance. One of my first blends was glass marbles. The cloud of glass particles that it created really prompted me to say “Don’t breathe this” and it has stuck ever since. But, luckily we have never had to call the HazMat team or visit the ER after a blend.



Worst Warranty Request?
by Anonymous Coward

Did anyone blend something they really shouldn't have and then send in for a warranty repair?

Tom: We actually receive calls into our customer service department all the time from customers who have gone against our call to not try this at home. Just last week we received a call from a customer (well, a customer’s teenage son) who decided to try some “Will it Blends” while his mom was on vacation. He called in asking to receive a replacement jar before his mom returned because he knew his life was on the line after almost destroying his mom’s favorite kitchen appliance after trying to blend a crowbar. Thankfully he was not hurt, but please listen to what we say in the videos: “Don’t’ try this at home.”



Data destruction device
by iced_tea

Have you ever thought about marketing your blenders as Data Destruction devices? Blending thumb drives or Hard Disks?

Tom: We have never really put much focus on marketing these blenders other than for food consumption. Interestingly enough we have also received calls from companies that scrap hard drives and other boards for gold recovery. They have asked whether we recommend our blender for this type of service. Since we really didn’t create our warranty with this type of use in mind we have to direct them to traditional scrap methods. But, this goes to show that people and companies are looking for alternative and fun ways to run their business.



Did it work?
by MyFirstNameIsPaul

Did all those YouTube views, interviews, awards, and features result in increased profits?

Tom: At the same time that we introduced the Will it Blend? campaign we also made a big push for retail expansion as part of our marketing plan. We had been in retail for a few years at that point, but without the driving force of a professional marketing director. It is difficult to directly link sales to our Will it Blend? campaign mainly because the demographic of our WIB viewers is very different from those who actually buy our blenders. However, these 16-24 year-old male WIB viewers are great influencers to their 35-65 year-old moms and grandmas. We do know that our retail growth has been over 800% since 2006.



When the Big Appliance in the sky calls
by paiute

Will you be interred, cremated, or blended?

Tom: This isn’t the first time I have been asked this question. Honestly, it makes sense for me to be blended and that does spark some good ideas for a final “Will it Blend” episode. But in the end, my lovely wife will probably decide against blending.



Why Are Blenders Hard?
by bill_mcgonigle

I've pretty much hated every blender I've owned to date and recognize that there are only two or three blenders on the market that are actually good at their job, and they each cost as much as a new refrigerator. Clearly sticking a viscous blade on the end of a beefy motor isn't all there is to it. So, please explain to the engineers who haunt this site what the challenges are in making a good blender.

Tom: Creating solutions for ordinary and daily problems is what I love to do. That is at the root of all my inventions and the blender is no different. Add an endless desire to put big motors in little things and you have a great recipe for the best kitchen appliances on the market. With that said, there are many challenges that come with creating the most powerful and innovative blender. Some of the most interesting challenges have come in the least likely of forms, like protecting intellectual property from the imitators. When we created a new jar design to solve the problem of cavitation (our wildside jar), this patented design was soon copied by a few of our competitors after they failed to create a unique solution on their own. What I solved over a Holiday weekend couldn’t be solved by their best engineers. Business is cut throat, but in the end we were victorious in protecting our IP and were awarded $24.1 Million from one of our competitors.



What is next for blender R&D?
by Aristos Mazer

Blenders do not seem like an area of technology with a lot of room for innovation, but I've been surprised before (Sears has a "hammer research division" that is kind of amazing). What do you see as the next big thing in blending? Perhaps plans for a reassembler?

Tom: If you think the blending world is short of room for innovation you haven’t watched us too closely. Innovation is in almost every aspect of our blender, but especially in our new designs. There is no need to look further than our pre-programmed cycles and our square jar and single-blade technologies to see innovation. After all, how many home blenders do you see with these amazing innovations? But, let’s focus on our new designs for just a minute. Our new Designer Series blender for the home and our Stealth blender for commercial both have our latest technologies in their capacitive touch screens and both have super quiet designs. In fact, our Stealth has received numerous awards for being the quietest blender on the market as well as having a USB interface to quickly load new recipes for seasonal recipes. Both can be found at Blendtec.com.

Nerval's Lobster writes "The one and only Jeff Cogswell is back with an article exploring an issue important to anyone who works with C++. It's been two years since the ISO C++ committee approved the final draft of the newest C++ standard; now that time has passed, he writes, 'we can go back and look at some issues that have affected the language (indeed, ever since the first international standard in 1998) and compare its final result and product to a popular C++ library called Boost.' A lot of development groups have adopted the use of Boost, and still others are considering whether to embrace it: that makes a discussion (and comparison) of its features worthwhile. 'The Standards Committee took some eight years to fight over what should be in the standard, and the compiler vendors had to wait for all that to get ironed out before they could publish an implementation of the Standard Library,' he writes. 'But meanwhile the actual C++ community was moving forward on its own, building better things such as Boost.'"

Nerval's Lobster writes "The one and only Jeff Cogswell is back with an article exploring an issue important to anyone who works with C++. It's been two years since the ISO C++ committee approved the final draft of the newest C++ standard; now that time has passed, he writes, 'we can go back and look at some issues that have affected the language (indeed, ever since the first international standard in 1998) and compare its final result and product to a popular C++ library called Boost.' A lot of development groups have adopted the use of Boost, and still others are considering whether to embrace it: that makes a discussion (and comparison) of its features worthwhile. 'The Standards Committee took some eight years to fight over what should be in the standard, and the compiler vendors had to wait for all that to get ironed out before they could publish an implementation of the Standard Library,' he writes. 'But meanwhile the actual C++ community was moving forward on its own, building better things such as Boost.'"

An anonymous reader writes "The team at Pwnie Express released their Pwn Plug, which combined an off the shelf SheevaPlug with a feature packed open source firmware that turned it into an incredibly capable security tool. Then came the Power Pwn, which hid the same type of functionality into what looked like a standard power strip. Today they've launched their latest product, continuing along the same line of hiding cutting edge open source security tools in plain sight: the Pwn Pad."

Nerval's Lobster writes "The fastest supercomputer in the world, Oak Ridge National Laboratory's 'Titan,' has been delayed because an excess of gold on its motherboard connectors has prevented it from working properly. Titan was originally turned on last October and climbed to the top of the Top500 list of the fastest supercomputers shortly thereafter. Problems with Titan were first discovered in February, when the supercomputer just missed its stability requirement. At that time, the problems with the connectors were isolated as the culprit, and ORNL decided to take some of Titan's 200 cabinets offline and ship their motherboards back to the manufacturer, Cray, for repairs. The connectors affected the ability of the GPUs in the system to talk to the main processors. Oak Ridge Today's John Huotari noted the problem was due to too much gold mixed in with the solder."

It's a long, slow road from tentative discovery, to various forms of peer review, to wide acceptance, never mind theory and experimental design, but recent years' work to pin down the Higgs Boson seem to be bearing fruit in the form of cautious announcements. FBeans writes with excerpts from both the New York Times ("Physicists announced Thursday they believe they have discovered the subatomic particle predicted nearly a half-century ago, which will go a long way toward explaining what gives electrons and all matter in the universe size and shape.") and from The Independent ("Cern says that confirming what type of boson the particle is could take years and that the scientists would need to return to the Large Hadron Collider — the world's largest 'atom smasher' — to carry out further tests. This will measure at what rate the particle decays and compare it with the results of predictions, as theorised by Edinburgh professor Peter Higgs 50 years ago.")

It's a long, slow road from tentative discovery, to various forms of peer review, to wide acceptance, never mind theory and experimental design, but recent years' work to pin down the Higgs Boson seem to be bearing fruit in the form of cautious announcements. FBeans writes with excerpts from both the New York Times ("Physicists announced Thursday they believe they have discovered the subatomic particle predicted nearly a half-century ago, which will go a long way toward explaining what gives electrons and all matter in the universe size and shape.") and from The Independent ("Cern says that confirming what type of boson the particle is could take years and that the scientists would need to return to the Large Hadron Collider — the world's largest 'atom smasher' — to carry out further tests. This will measure at what rate the particle decays and compare it with the results of predictions, as theorised by Edinburgh professor Peter Higgs 50 years ago.")

We'd like to wish you a happy Pi Day. It may be just as arbitrary as some other holidays (though perhaps easier to schedule than some), but any excuse for some delicious food is one I'll take. Reader alphadogg writes with a few suggestions of ways to take part in this convenient celebration of both rationality and irrationality. (And lead your comment with the number of digits you can recite offhand ...)

Hugh Pickens writes writes "The news that that Google is killing off Google Reader in their annual spring cleaning means hordes of abandoned RSS users will need a new home to get their news fix before July 1, 2013. Sure, Google Reader may not have been the most beautifully designed product to come out of Mountain View, Calif., but it sure was convenient. And now that it's going away, it's evident just how valuable it has been. 'It's a tough question that's not unlike asking what's the best planet to live on not named Earth or the best thing to breathe not named air,' writes Casey Chan. 'Google Reader was that obvious a choice.' So what's the best RSS reader not named Google Reader? Is it Reeder? Or NetNewsWire? Maybe Feedly? Or should we all just ditch RSS and get with Twitter?" Personally, I've taken a liking to Akregator on my desktop and Sparse RSS on my phone (syncing done woefully manually by exporting the list of feeds from my desktop reader and importing into the phone reader now and then). Update: 03/14 14:43 GMT by T : Depending on your aesthetics and platform of choice, you might like one of these four options, too.

Nerval's Lobster writes "People's Liberation Army hackers: they're just like us. As noted by IT security firm Mandiant, and detailed in a new article by The Los Angeles Times, a blogger calling themselves 'Rocy Bird' had posted several hundred blog entries over a three-year period about life as a Chinese military hacker. It wasn't the most exciting existence. He worked a normal workday—8 A.M. until 5:30 P.M., unless some project required late hours—and lived in a dorm. He dined often on instant noodles and enjoyed the television series 'Prison Break.' He spent lots of time online, even when off the clock. And like millions of people all over the world, he disliked many aspects of his job. 'What I can't understand is why all the work units are located in the most remote areas of the city,' the hacker, who the Times identified as having the family name Wang, wrote in a portion of a blog posting reprinted by the paper. 'I really don't get what those old guys are thinking in the beginning. They should at least take us young people into consideration. How can passionate young people like us handle a prison-like environment like this?'"

Nerval's Lobster writes "Andy Rubin is stepping down as head of Google's Android division, according to the company. 'Having exceeded even the crazy ambitious goals we dreamed of for Android — and with a really strong leadership team in place — Andy's decided it's time to hand over the reins and start a new chapter at Google,' Google CEO Larry Page wrote in a March 13 note on Google's official blog. 'Going forward, Sundar Pichai will lead Android, in addition to his existing work with Chrome and Apps.' If Rubin had any other reasons for departing, the blog posting left them unexplained. Android has been activated on 750 million devices around the world, according to Google, on top of some 25 billion apps downloaded from the Google Play storefront. It remains to be seen whether 'start a new chapter at Google' is some sort of polite corporate euphemism for Rubin's eventual departure from the company, or if he really is taking over another project or division. Page suggested in his blog posting that Pichai 'will do a tremendous job doubling down on Android as we work to push the ecosystem forward,' which doesn't offer a lot about the operating system's future direction: Pichai does have direct control over three core platforms, raising the possibility that Google could try and exploit further crossovers between the three. But what form that will take is anyone's guess."

First time accepted submitter sagecreek writes "Hadoop is an open-source, Java-based framework for large-scale data processing. Typically, it runs on big clusters of computers working together to crunch large chunks of data. You also can run Hadoop in "single-cluster mode" on a Linux machine, Windows PC or Mac, to learn the technology or do testing and debugging. The Hadoop framework, however, is not quickly mastered. Apache's Hadoop wiki cautions: "If you do not know about classpaths, how to compile and debug Java code, step back from Hadoop and learn a bit more about Java before proceeding." But if you are reasonably comfortable with Java, the well-written Hadoop Beginner's Guide by Garry Turkington can help you start mastering this rising star in the Big Data constellation." Read below for the rest of Si's review. Hadoop Beginner's Guide author Garry Turkington pages 374 publisher Packt Publishing rating 9/10 reviewer Si Dunn ISBN 9781849517300 summary Explains and shows how to use Hadoop software in Big Data settings. Dr. Turkington is vice president of data engineering and lead architect for London-based Improve Digital. He holds a doctorate in computer science from Queens University of Belfast in Northern Ireland. His Hadoop Beginner's Guide provides an effective overview of Hadoop and hands-on guidance in how to use it locally, in distributed hardware clusters, and out in the cloud.

Packt Publishing provided a review copy of the book. I have reviewed one other Packt book previously.

Much of the first chapter is devoted to "exploring the trends that led to Hadoop's creation and its enormous success." This includes brief discussions of Big Data, cloud computing, Amazon Web Services, and the differences between "scale-up" (using increasingly larger computers as data needs grow) and "scale-out" (spreading the data processing onto more and more machines as demand expands).

Dr. Turkington writes, "One of the most confusing aspects of Hadoop to a newcomer is its various components, projects, sub-projects, and their interrelationships."

His 374-page book emphasizes three major aspects of Hadoop: (1) its common projects; (2) the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS); and (3) MapReduce.

He explains, "Common projects comprise a set of libraries and tools that help the Hadoop product work in the real world."

The HDFS, meanwhile, "is a filesystem unlike most you may have encountered before." As a distributed filesystem, it can spread data storage across many nodes. "[I]t stores files in blocks typically at least 64 MB in size, much larger than the 4-32 KB seen in most filesystems." The book briefly describes several features, strengths, weaknesses, and other aspects of HDFS.

Finally, MapReduce is a well-known programming model for processing large data sets. Typically, MapReduce is used with clusters of computers that perform distributed computing. In the "Map" portion of the process, a single problem is split into many subtasks that are then assigned by a master computer to individual computers known as nodes (and there can be sub-nodes). During the "Reduce" part of the task, the master computer gathers up the processed data from the nodes, combines it and outputs a response to the problem that was posed to be solved. (MapReduce libraries are now available for many different computer languages, including Hadoop.)

"The developer focuses on expressing the transformation between source and result data sets, and the Hadoop framework manages all aspects of job execution, parallelization, and coordination," Dr. Turkington notes. He calls this "possibly the most important aspect of Hadoop. The platform takes responsibility for every aspect of executing the processing across the data. After the user defines the key criteria for the job, everything else becomes the responsibility of the system."

In this 11-chapter book, the first two chapters introduce Hadoop and explain how to install and run the software.

Three chapters are devoted to learning to work with MapReduce, from beginner to advanced levels. And the author stresses: "In the book, we will be learning how to write MapReduce programs to do some serious data crunching and how to run them on both locally managed and AWS-hosted Hadoop clusters." ["AWS" is "Amazon Web Services."]

Chapter 6, titled "When Things Break" zeroes in on Hadoop's "resilience to failure and an ability to survive failures when they do happen.much of the architecture and design of Hadoop is predicated on executing in an environment where failures are both frequent and expected." But node failures and numerous other problems still can arise, so the reader is given an overview of potential difficulties and how to handle them.

The next chapter, "Keeping Things Running," lays out what must be done to properly maintain a Hadoop cluster and keep it tuned and ready to crunch data.

Three of the remaining chapters show how Hadoop can be used elsewhere within an organization's systems and infrastructure, by personnel who are not trained to write MapReduce programs.

Chapter 8, for example, provides "A Relational View on Data with Hive." What Hive provides is "a data warehouse that uses MapReduce to analyze data stored on HDFS," Dr. Turkington notes. "In particular, it provides a query language called HiveQL that closely resembles the common Structured Query Language (SQL) standard."

Using Hive as an interface to Hadoop "not only accelerates the time required to produce results from data analysis, it significantly broadens who can use Hadoop and MapReduce. Instead of requiring software development skills, anyone with a familiarity with SQL can use Hive," the author states.

But, as Chapter 9 makes clear, Hive is not a relational database, and it doesn't fully implement SQL. So the text and code examples in Chapter 9 illustrate (1) how to set up MySQL to work with Hadoop and (2) how to use Sqoop to transfer bulk data between Hadoop and MySQL.

Chapter 10 shows how to set up and run Flume NG. This is a distributed service that collects, aggregates, and moves large amounts of log data from applications to Hadoop's HDFS.

The book's final chapter, "Where to Go Next," helps the newcomer see what else is available beyond the Hadoop core product. "There are," Dr. Turkington emphasizes, "a plethora of related projects and tools that build upon Hadoop and provide specific functionality or alternative approaches to existing ideas." He provides a quick tour of several of the projects and tools.

A key strength of this beginner's guide is in how its contents are structured and delivered. Four important headings appear repeatedly in most chapters. The "Time for action" heading singles out step-by-step instructions for performing a particular action. The "What just happened?" heading highlights explanations of "the working of tasks or instructions that you have just completed." The "Pop quiz" heading, meanwhile, is followed by short, multiple-choice questions that help you gauge your understanding. And the "Have a go hero" heading introduces paragraphs that "set practical challenges and give you ideas for experimenting with what you have learned."

Hadoop can be downloaded free from the Apache Software Foundation's Hadoop website.

Dr. Turkington's book does a good job of describing how to get Hadoop running on Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. But while he assures that "Hadoop does run well on other systems," he notes in his text: "Windows is supported only as a development platform, and Mac OS X is not formally supported at all." He refers users to Apache's Hadoop FAQ wiki for more information. Unfortunately, few details are offered there. So web searches become the best option for finding how-to instructions for Windows and Macs.

Running Hadoop on a Windows PC typically involves installing Cygwin and openSSH, so you can simulate using a Linux PC. But other choices can be found via sites such as Hadoop Wizard and Hadoop on Windows with Eclipse".

To install Hadoop on a Mac running OS X Mountain Lion, you will need to search for websites that offer how-to tips. Here is one example.

There are other ways get access to Hadoop on a single computer, using other operating systems or virtual machines. Again, web searches are necessary. The Cloudera Enterprise Free product is one virtual-machine option to consider.

Once you get past the hurdle of installing and running Hadoop, Garry Turkington's well-written, well-structured Hadoop Beginner's Guide can start you moving down the lengthy path to becoming an expert user.

You will have the opportunity, the book's tagline states, to "[l]earn how to crunch big data to extract meaning from the data avalanche."

Si Dunn is an author, screenwriter, and technology book reviewer.

You can purchase Hadoop Beginner's Guide from amazon.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

First time accepted submitter sagecreek writes "Hadoop is an open-source, Java-based framework for large-scale data processing. Typically, it runs on big clusters of computers working together to crunch large chunks of data. You also can run Hadoop in "single-cluster mode" on a Linux machine, Windows PC or Mac, to learn the technology or do testing and debugging. The Hadoop framework, however, is not quickly mastered. Apache's Hadoop wiki cautions: "If you do not know about classpaths, how to compile and debug Java code, step back from Hadoop and learn a bit more about Java before proceeding." But if you are reasonably comfortable with Java, the well-written Hadoop Beginner's Guide by Garry Turkington can help you start mastering this rising star in the Big Data constellation." Read below for the rest of Si's review. Hadoop Beginner's Guide author Garry Turkington pages 374 publisher Packt Publishing rating 9/10 reviewer Si Dunn ISBN 9781849517300 summary Explains and shows how to use Hadoop software in Big Data settings. Dr. Turkington is vice president of data engineering and lead architect for London-based Improve Digital. He holds a doctorate in computer science from Queens University of Belfast in Northern Ireland. His Hadoop Beginner's Guide provides an effective overview of Hadoop and hands-on guidance in how to use it locally, in distributed hardware clusters, and out in the cloud.

Packt Publishing provided a review copy of the book. I have reviewed one other Packt book previously.

Much of the first chapter is devoted to "exploring the trends that led to Hadoop's creation and its enormous success." This includes brief discussions of Big Data, cloud computing, Amazon Web Services, and the differences between "scale-up" (using increasingly larger computers as data needs grow) and "scale-out" (spreading the data processing onto more and more machines as demand expands).

Dr. Turkington writes, "One of the most confusing aspects of Hadoop to a newcomer is its various components, projects, sub-projects, and their interrelationships."

His 374-page book emphasizes three major aspects of Hadoop: (1) its common projects; (2) the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS); and (3) MapReduce.

He explains, "Common projects comprise a set of libraries and tools that help the Hadoop product work in the real world."

The HDFS, meanwhile, "is a filesystem unlike most you may have encountered before." As a distributed filesystem, it can spread data storage across many nodes. "[I]t stores files in blocks typically at least 64 MB in size, much larger than the 4-32 KB seen in most filesystems." The book briefly describes several features, strengths, weaknesses, and other aspects of HDFS.

Finally, MapReduce is a well-known programming model for processing large data sets. Typically, MapReduce is used with clusters of computers that perform distributed computing. In the "Map" portion of the process, a single problem is split into many subtasks that are then assigned by a master computer to individual computers known as nodes (and there can be sub-nodes). During the "Reduce" part of the task, the master computer gathers up the processed data from the nodes, combines it and outputs a response to the problem that was posed to be solved. (MapReduce libraries are now available for many different computer languages, including Hadoop.)

"The developer focuses on expressing the transformation between source and result data sets, and the Hadoop framework manages all aspects of job execution, parallelization, and coordination," Dr. Turkington notes. He calls this "possibly the most important aspect of Hadoop. The platform takes responsibility for every aspect of executing the processing across the data. After the user defines the key criteria for the job, everything else becomes the responsibility of the system."

In this 11-chapter book, the first two chapters introduce Hadoop and explain how to install and run the software.

Three chapters are devoted to learning to work with MapReduce, from beginner to advanced levels. And the author stresses: "In the book, we will be learning how to write MapReduce programs to do some serious data crunching and how to run them on both locally managed and AWS-hosted Hadoop clusters." ["AWS" is "Amazon Web Services."]

Chapter 6, titled "When Things Break" zeroes in on Hadoop's "resilience to failure and an ability to survive failures when they do happen.much of the architecture and design of Hadoop is predicated on executing in an environment where failures are both frequent and expected." But node failures and numerous other problems still can arise, so the reader is given an overview of potential difficulties and how to handle them.

The next chapter, "Keeping Things Running," lays out what must be done to properly maintain a Hadoop cluster and keep it tuned and ready to crunch data.

Three of the remaining chapters show how Hadoop can be used elsewhere within an organization's systems and infrastructure, by personnel who are not trained to write MapReduce programs.

Chapter 8, for example, provides "A Relational View on Data with Hive." What Hive provides is "a data warehouse that uses MapReduce to analyze data stored on HDFS," Dr. Turkington notes. "In particular, it provides a query language called HiveQL that closely resembles the common Structured Query Language (SQL) standard."

Using Hive as an interface to Hadoop "not only accelerates the time required to produce results from data analysis, it significantly broadens who can use Hadoop and MapReduce. Instead of requiring software development skills, anyone with a familiarity with SQL can use Hive," the author states.

But, as Chapter 9 makes clear, Hive is not a relational database, and it doesn't fully implement SQL. So the text and code examples in Chapter 9 illustrate (1) how to set up MySQL to work with Hadoop and (2) how to use Sqoop to transfer bulk data between Hadoop and MySQL.

Chapter 10 shows how to set up and run Flume NG. This is a distributed service that collects, aggregates, and moves large amounts of log data from applications to Hadoop's HDFS.

The book's final chapter, "Where to Go Next," helps the newcomer see what else is available beyond the Hadoop core product. "There are," Dr. Turkington emphasizes, "a plethora of related projects and tools that build upon Hadoop and provide specific functionality or alternative approaches to existing ideas." He provides a quick tour of several of the projects and tools.

A key strength of this beginner's guide is in how its contents are structured and delivered. Four important headings appear repeatedly in most chapters. The "Time for action" heading singles out step-by-step instructions for performing a particular action. The "What just happened?" heading highlights explanations of "the working of tasks or instructions that you have just completed." The "Pop quiz" heading, meanwhile, is followed by short, multiple-choice questions that help you gauge your understanding. And the "Have a go hero" heading introduces paragraphs that "set practical challenges and give you ideas for experimenting with what you have learned."

Hadoop can be downloaded free from the Apache Software Foundation's Hadoop website.

Dr. Turkington's book does a good job of describing how to get Hadoop running on Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. But while he assures that "Hadoop does run well on other systems," he notes in his text: "Windows is supported only as a development platform, and Mac OS X is not formally supported at all." He refers users to Apache's Hadoop FAQ wiki for more information. Unfortunately, few details are offered there. So web searches become the best option for finding how-to instructions for Windows and Macs.

Running Hadoop on a Windows PC typically involves installing Cygwin and openSSH, so you can simulate using a Linux PC. But other choices can be found via sites such as Hadoop Wizard and Hadoop on Windows with Eclipse".

To install Hadoop on a Mac running OS X Mountain Lion, you will need to search for websites that offer how-to tips. Here is one example.

There are other ways get access to Hadoop on a single computer, using other operating systems or virtual machines. Again, web searches are necessary. The Cloudera Enterprise Free product is one virtual-machine option to consider.

Once you get past the hurdle of installing and running Hadoop, Garry Turkington's well-written, well-structured Hadoop Beginner's Guide can start you moving down the lengthy path to becoming an expert user.

You will have the opportunity, the book's tagline states, to "[l]earn how to crunch big data to extract meaning from the data avalanche."

Si Dunn is an author, screenwriter, and technology book reviewer.

You can purchase Hadoop Beginner's Guide from amazon.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

A bit over a year since having their case rejected by the Swedish Supreme Court and appealing to the European Human Rights Court, it looks like basically all legal options have been exhausted for the Pirate Bay Founders: their case has been rejected. From the article: "The EHCR recognizes that the Swedish verdict interferes with the right to freedom of expression, but ruled that this was necessary to protect the rights of copyright holders. In its decision the Court also considered the fact that The Pirate Bay did not remove torrents linking to copyrighted material when they were asked to. 'The Court held that sharing, or allowing others to share files of this kind on the Internet, even copyright-protected material and for profit-making purposes, was covered by the right to "receive and impart information" under Article 10 ... However, the Court considered that the domestic courts had rightly balanced the competing interests at stake – i.e. the right of the applicants to receive and impart information and the necessity to protect copyright – when convicting the applicants and therefore rejected their application as manifestly ill-founded.'"

An anonymous reader writes "Canonical's plan to develop the Mir Display Server for Ubuntu rather than going with their original plans to adopt Wayland has been met with criticism from KDE (and other) developers... The GNOME response to Ubuntu's Mir is that they will now be rushing support for the GNOME desktop on Wayland. Over the next two release cycles they plan to iron out the Wayland support for the GNOME Shell, the GTK+ toolkit, and all GNOME packages so that by this time next year you can be running GNOME entirely on Wayland while still having X11 fall-back support."

An anonymous reader writes "We recently discussed what appeared to be a positive response from the Obama administration on the legality of cell phone unlocking. Unfortunately, the Obama administration may not be able to do anything about it. It has already signed away our rights under a trade agreement with South Korea. Lawyer Jonathan Band, who works for the Association of Research Libraries, wrote, 'The White House position, however, may be inconsistent with the U.S. proposal in the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) and existing obligations in the Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS) and other free trade agreements to which the United States is a party. This demonstrates the danger of including in international agreements rigid provisions that do not accommodate technological development.'You can read more about this issue in a short eight page legal primer by Jonathan Band (PDF). An interesting, related note that the U.S.-KOREA FTA is possibly inconsistent with our domestic patent/drug law in the Hatch-Waxman Act as well. The trade agreement requires us to grant injunctions until the patent is invalidated as opposed to thirty months under current domestic law."

xclr8r writes "James Holmes representation did not enter a plea today in with regards to the Aurora, Co. Movie theater shooting so the Judge entered a plea of not guilty for James that could be changed at a later date by Holmes' attorney. The judge entered an advisory that if the plea was changed to Not Guilty by insanity that Holmes would be subject to a 'narcoanalytic interview' with the possibility of medically appropriate substances could be used e.g. so called truth serums. Holmes defense looks to have initially objected to this but as the previous article seems to infer that some compromises are being worked out. This certainly raises legal questions on how this is being played out 5th, 14th amendments. The legal expert in the second article states this is legal under Co. law but admits there's not a huge amount of cases regarding this. I was only able to find Harper v State where a defendant willingly underwent truth serum and wanted to submit the interview on his behalf but was rejected due to the judge not recognizing sufficient scientific basis to admit the evidence."

MrAndrews writes "After reading a Slashdot story about adblocking and the lively discussion that followed, I got to wondering how else sites can support themselves, if paywalls and ads are both non-starters. Microtransactions have been floated for years, but never seem to take off, possibly because they come off as arbitrary taxation or cumbersome walled-garden novelties. Still, it seems like the idea of microtransactions is still appealing, it's just the wrapping that's always been flawed. I wanted to know how viable the concept really was, so I've created a little experiment to gather some data, to put some real numbers to it. It's a purely voluntary system, where you click 1, 2 or 3-cent links in your bookmark bar, depending on how much you value the page you're visiting. No actual money is involved, it's just theoretical. There's a summary page that tells you how much you would have spent, and I'll be releasing anonymized analyses of the data in the coming weeks. If you're game, please check out the experiment page for more information, and give it a go. Even if you only use it once and forget about it, that says something about the concept right there."

Nerval's Lobster writes "How's this for a daunting task? By 2017, IBM must develop low-power microservers that can handle 10 times the traffic of today's Internet — and resist blowing desert sands, to boot. Sound impossible? Hopefully not. Those are the design parameters of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) Project, the world's largest radio telescope, located in South Africa and Australia amid some of the world's most rugged terrain. It will be up to the SKA-specific business unit of South Africa's National Research Foundation, IBM, and ASTON (also known as the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy) to jointly design the servers. Scientists from all three organizations will collaborate remotely and at the newly established ASTRON & IBM Center for Exascale Technology in Drenthe, the Netherlands. By peering into the furthest regions of space, the SKA project hopes to glimpse 'back in time,' where the radio waves from some of the earliest moments of the universe — before stars were formed — are still detectable. The hardware is powerful enough to pick up an airport radar on a planet 50 light-years away, according to the SKA team."

Today Blizzard launched its first expansion to StarCraft 2, titled Heart of the Swarm. When initially developing StarCraft 2, Blizzard made the decision to split the game into three parts, each with a campaign as long as the original StarCraft. The initial release in 2010, Wings of Liberty, centered on the story of the Terrans. The newly-released Heart of the Swarm is focused on the Zerg. The final release, Legacy of the Void, will dedicate its campaign to the Protoss (and does not have a projected release timeframe yet). In addition to the new campaign, new units have been introduced for multiplayer and new maps have been added, which ought to shake things up in the competitive landscape. Blizzard has also made long-awaited improvements to the social system, including support for groups and clans.

adeelarshad82 writes "The SimCity launch debacle is only the latest in an increasingly frustrating string of affronts to gamers' rights as customers. Before SimCity, we had Ubisoft's always-on DRM (that the company only ended quietly after massive outcry from gamers). We had the forced online and similarly unplayable launch of Diablo III. We had games like Asura's Wrath and Final Fantasy: All the Bravest that required you to pay more money just to complete them after you purchase them. And let us never forget the utter infamy of StarForce, SecuROM, and Sony's copy protection, which installed rootkits on computers without users' knowledge. As one recently published article argues, maybe it's time for gamers to demand adoption of a Bill of Rights."

adeelarshad82 writes "The SimCity launch debacle is only the latest in an increasingly frustrating string of affronts to gamers' rights as customers. Before SimCity, we had Ubisoft's always-on DRM (that the company only ended quietly after massive outcry from gamers). We had the forced online and similarly unplayable launch of Diablo III. We had games like Asura's Wrath and Final Fantasy: All the Bravest that required you to pay more money just to complete them after you purchase them. And let us never forget the utter infamy of StarForce, SecuROM, and Sony's copy protection, which installed rootkits on computers without users' knowledge. As one recently published article argues, maybe it's time for gamers to demand adoption of a Bill of Rights."

New submitter trickymyth writes "For the first time, the United States has mentioned the People's Republic of China in relation to cyber crime, officially acknowledging what has been long suspected by private security experts and the U.S. business community. The Obama Administration seeks to get the Chinese government to acknowledge the problem, to cease any state-sponsored hacker activity, and to start a dialogue on normative behavior on the internet. This announcement follows the recent 60-page report from the American cybersecurity firm Mandiant, who spent two years compiling evidence against the so-called 'Comment Crew.' They traced IP addresses, common behavior, and tools to track the group's activity, which led to a Shanghai neighborhood home to the People's Liberation Army (PLA's) Unit 61398. This tracking came at the behest of the Times, who has experienced some trouble with hacking in the past. The Chinese government rejected the report as 'unprofessional' and 'lacking technical evidence.' This announcement also comes amid a delicate leadership transition in China and numerous new reports on the vulnerability of U.S. business and government networks to attack."

New submitter trickymyth writes "For the first time, the United States has mentioned the People's Republic of China in relation to cyber crime, officially acknowledging what has been long suspected by private security experts and the U.S. business community. The Obama Administration seeks to get the Chinese government to acknowledge the problem, to cease any state-sponsored hacker activity, and to start a dialogue on normative behavior on the internet. This announcement follows the recent 60-page report from the American cybersecurity firm Mandiant, who spent two years compiling evidence against the so-called 'Comment Crew.' They traced IP addresses, common behavior, and tools to track the group's activity, which led to a Shanghai neighborhood home to the People's Liberation Army (PLA's) Unit 61398. This tracking came at the behest of the Times, who has experienced some trouble with hacking in the past. The Chinese government rejected the report as 'unprofessional' and 'lacking technical evidence.' This announcement also comes amid a delicate leadership transition in China and numerous new reports on the vulnerability of U.S. business and government networks to attack."

New submitter jader3rd writes "Intrade, a popular Irish website that lets people bet on anything, has shut down. In addition to being used by gamblers, Intrade has been used by academics and pundits to track public sentiment. '"... broad crowds have a lot of information and that markets are an effective way of aggregating that information," says Justin Wolfers, "and they often turn out to be much better than experts."' Being forced to lose their U.S. customers couldn't have helped.

New submitter jader3rd writes "Intrade, a popular Irish website that lets people bet on anything, has shut down. In addition to being used by gamblers, Intrade has been used by academics and pundits to track public sentiment. '"... broad crowds have a lot of information and that markets are an effective way of aggregating that information," says Justin Wolfers, "and they often turn out to be much better than experts."' Being forced to lose their U.S. customers couldn't have helped.

Yesterday we ran the first half of Dr. Robert Bakker's essay in response to your questions. Below you'll find the second part which focuses on the history of science and religion, and the patron saint of paleontology, St. Augustine of Hippo. A big thanks goes out to Dr. Bob for his lengthy reply. Back to the very first page in the fabulous 1953 Life magazine.......

Augustine in Life Magazine.

...........in the opening spread the text provided a lyrical introduction to marvels of life through Deep Time. Tucked away, in the last paragraphs, was a reference to the supposed “conflict” between paleontology and religion. Mr. Barnett noted that the greatest philosopher of Christianity, Saint Augustine, pondered the wording of Genesis and came away with the pious suggestion that Creation had unfolded in a time frame more subtle and more complex than a simple seven-day calendar. I filed away that sentence.....it was counter-intuitive. Here was Lincoln Barnett, a noted writer on science (he did a kids’ bio of Einstein) citing a Church Father and a saint. My own church had a youth ministry pastor who despised the fossil record. He said repeatedly that all fossils were from Noah’s Flood and that there were no intermediate fossils bridging the gap between Classes. But Barnett and Life now gave me reason to believe that paleontology and serious church history just might be ok with each other.

Too many journalists today make the mistake of saying that Charles Darwin confronted the young earth creations in 1859, with his On the Origin of Species. And too many well-meaning atheists preach that bible-believers always, ALWAYS have tried to suffocate science. Not true. St. Augustine was, in fact, science-literate by the standards of 400 a.d. and a fine amateur astronomer. He broke with the popular Manichaean Sect because of science, not theology. He challenged a Manichaean leader on the prediction of eclipses. The Manichaean got his celestial calculations totally wrong. So St. Augustine stopped supporting the sect.

Augustine exposed the folly of astrology when it was still accepted as science by most learned folks. He used an experimental method: he observed estates where two children were born on the same day, one to the land-owner, the other to a slave. The astrological predictions failed to predict the difference in life outcomes. Augustine was no Jerry Falwell. He admitted that many of his flock were not well read in science and he urged them not to indulge in what I call “pulpit-pounding nincompoopery”. In other words, when non-believers have more science knowledge than you, don’t embarrass yourself.

Patron Saint of Petrifactions.

Augustine is the Patron Saint of Paleontology -- the only Church Father who helped dig fossil bones, near the North African city of Utica. The giant ribs and molars bore an uncanny resemblance to those of humans, except five times the size. We now know Augustine’s behemoth was a mastodon, probably Gomphotherium. Mastodon molars, when worn, look far more like giant primate molars than they do elephant molars. Therefore, Augustine concluded that the skeleton was from a gargantuan human -- perfectly reasonable given the anatomical data at the time.

The Life magazine allusion to Augustine came from his thoughtful book Toward a Direct Reading of Genesis. Anyone fascinated by the history of creation literature should read it (available in English translation). Augustine grappled with the meaning of the seven days of Creation. From the style of language, he concluded that the days could not mean simple 24 hour periods, but rather units of revelation. Each literary “day” was a snapshot of the purpose of earth, stars, trees and critters. Even though he did not read Hebrew and had to work with a botchy Latin translation, Augustine got the meaning of Genesis better than many a Southern Baptist seminarian today. Augustine’s exegesis that would find favor fifteen hundred years later in Lutheran and Catholic universities.

Museums started as sectors of universities and the first universities were supported by the Church, in the 12th and 13th century. Anatomical science too began at about the same time, encouraged by translations of Aristotle’s zoological work. A loud atheist might argue that medieval science would have been better if all the scholars at Oxford or Padua had been unbelievers and scoffers, but this fantasy ignores the flow of history.

Pious Paleontologists and Progress.

Back to transitive games of paleontology.....strata were mapped in three-dimensions beginning in the late 1700‘s. Geologists, most attached to universities, built up collections of fossils. Even the most pious paleontologist recognized that species changed dramatically up through the layers of rock. The succession of fossil faunas did seem to be a transitive game, at least for the Top Predator and Top Herbivore. Critters got better and better in fundamental sectors. Better lungs, better hearts, better legs for running. My fourth-grade mind would have fit well among the early stratigraphers in the late 1700‘s. They did see a progression in the fossil record, from lowly fish, to lowly reptiles, to the highest Class, the mammals. Nature seemed to ascend the ladder of complexity and efficiency.*

Quite a few of the early fossilists perceived a natural force that was used by the Creator to fulfill the grand plan. Such a view was Newtonian -- Newton explained how natural forces controlled the movements of the planets. And those natural forces were fulfilling God’s plan. Already by 1830 there were enough fossil discoveries to prove that the Past was extremely long, and that the modern fauna and flora was only the most recent of many successive faunas. Natural processes somehow governed the gradual modernization of the land and sea until conditions were right for the insertion of humans.

My all-time favorite pious paleontologist is the Reverend Edward Hitchcock, the first state geologist of Massachusetts, serving in the 1830’s and 40’s, and a combination biblical scholar, preacher and field geologist. He wrote a wonderful tract The Religion of Geology which explained the evidence for an old earth and a multi-layered creation. It was Hitchcock who unlocked the family tree of dinosaurs. The word “dinosaur” was coined in 1842 for a half dozen species known from bones.The skeletons were confusing. The early reconstructions showed flat-footed monsters with gargantuan forelimbs and five fat toes on all four paws. Hitchcock had no good skeletons but he did have Jurassic tracks, thousands of them, from a class of creatures that clearly dominated the large-bodied land vertebrate role. Hitchcock was flummoxed by the discrepancy between his track-makers and the textbook diagrams of “dinosaurs”. Hitchcock’s animals were neither flat-footed nor five-toed. Instead, they walked and ran on three big hind toes, exactly as did birds. His conclusion: “The Jurassic Period was ruled by gigantic ground birds, some as big as elephants.” Pretty good description of how we envision dinosaurs today.

Dinos-as-birds fills holes in transitive evolution theory. Birds are one of the two highest classes, the big-hearted warm-bloods. If Hitchcock was right, then we have an explanation about how dinosaurs and their close kin displaced the big, advanced mammal-like reptiles who preceded dinos as dominant big land animals in the Triassic. Dinosaurs “won” because they were more progressive.

And so....here we are, in the twenty-first century. Discoveries of Chinese dinosaurs covered with feathers vindicates the Reverend Hitchcock. Careful bed-by-bed excavation of Cambrian and pre-Cambrian rocks reveal the startling origin of many-celled creatures and the evolutionary explosion of body plans. Whom do we thank for over two thousand years of scientific advancement? Aristotle and his translators. University founders. Museum builders. Field surveyors employed by governments. Did religious folks help? Of course. Would progress in science have been faster if all the contributors were anti-religion? Would Isaac Newton have been a better physicist if he had been Richard Dawkins? Would Galileo have had more success with his telescope if he had been Christopher Hitchens? Would Christianity have been more pro-science if Augustine had the mindset of Daniel Dennett?

Silly questions. The culture of science developed in the real historical context of society. Give credit where credit is due.

* In college, of course, my prof’s pooh-poohed the idea that Darwinian processes generated a linear trajectory. In fact, Charles Darwin wrote a note to himself to avoid the terms “higher and lower”. Natural selection didn’t drive most populations to be “high class”. Selection merely favored the genes that gave greater net reproductive success in the immediate habitat. For most species, that sort of selection favored changes in antlers or horns, mating dances or courtship calls, parental care -- features that gave a temporary advantage in obtaining desirable mates and producing kids with higher reproductive success themselves. It was, in fact, rare to have selection favoring bigger hearts, lungs and brains except in a very few evolving lines. Those lines were the biggest land predators and herbivores.

New submitter onyxruby writes "On December 29th of last year a comet exploded over Sri Lanka. When examined by Cardiff University one of the comet samples was found to contain micro-fossils akin to plankton. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center tested additional samples with similar results. The research paper was published in the Journal of Cosmology. In practice this means that the argument that life did not start on Earth has gained additional evidence." Update: 03/12 16:59 GMT by S : On the other hand, Phil Plait says the paper is very flawed; the sample rocks the researchers tested may not even be meteorites.

NewYorkCountryLawyer writes "The Electronic Frontier Foundation has entered the fray to defend the bloggers sued by Prenda Law Firm. Prenda, oblivious to such well known legal niceties as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the affirmative defense of truth, the difference between a defamatory statement of fact and the expression of a negative opinion, and the First Amendment, has immediately — and illegally — sought to subpoena information leading to the identities of the bloggers. I would not be surprised to see these "lawyers" get into even more hot water than they're already in. And I take my hat off to the EFF for stepping in here."

NewYorkCountryLawyer writes "The Electronic Frontier Foundation has entered the fray to defend the bloggers sued by Prenda Law Firm. Prenda, oblivious to such well known legal niceties as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the affirmative defense of truth, the difference between a defamatory statement of fact and the expression of a negative opinion, and the First Amendment, has immediately — and illegally — sought to subpoena information leading to the identities of the bloggers. I would not be surprised to see these "lawyers" get into even more hot water than they're already in. And I take my hat off to the EFF for stepping in here."

NewYorkCountryLawyer writes "The Electronic Frontier Foundation has entered the fray to defend the bloggers sued by Prenda Law Firm. Prenda, oblivious to such well known legal niceties as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the affirmative defense of truth, the difference between a defamatory statement of fact and the expression of a negative opinion, and the First Amendment, has immediately — and illegally — sought to subpoena information leading to the identities of the bloggers. I would not be surprised to see these "lawyers" get into even more hot water than they're already in. And I take my hat off to the EFF for stepping in here."

sfcrazy writes "Netflix is using HTML5 video streaming instead of using Microsoft's Silverlight on Chromebooks (which now supports DRM for HTML5). Recently Google enabled the much controversial DRM support for HTML5 in Chrome OS to bring services like Netflix to Chromebooks using HTML5." Still no word on general support for GNU/Linux, but x86 or ARM, what's the difference? (If you're ok with DRM at least.)

eldavojohn writes "Last week, North Korea promised a "preemptive nuclear strike" prior to a UN vote on new sanctions. Despite the threat, the sanctions were unanimously approved. North Korea has responded by killing a Red Cross hotline with Seoul and claims that it has canceled the 1953 Armistice although the UN notes this cannot be done unilaterally (North Korea attempted the same thing in 2003 and 2009). While everyone thought that Kim Jong Un would ride out the sanctions on slush funds, the United States claims to have found his funds in Shanghai and other parts of China totaling hundreds of millions of dollars. Beijing has reportedly refused to confiscate these funds despite voting for the very UN resolutions sanctioning North Korea that read: 'More specifically, States are directed to prevent the provision of financial services or the transfer of any financial or other assets or resources, including 'bulk cash,' which might be used to evade the sanctions.'"

Nerval's Lobster writes "At this year's SXSW conference, Stephen Wolfram—most famous in tech circles as the chief designer of the Mathematica software platform, as well as the Wolfram Alpha 'computation knowledge engine'—demonstrated his upcoming Programming Cloud, and indicated he was developing a mobile platform for engineering and mathematical applications based on the Wolfram programming language built for Mathematica. He also talked more broadly about the future of Wolfram Alpha, which he said will become more anticipatory of peoples' queries. 'People generally don't understand all the things that Wolfram Alpha can do,' Wolfram told the audience. His researchers are also working on a system modeler tool, which will allow researchers to simulate complex devices with tens of thousands of components; in theory, you could even use such a platform for 3D printing. Wolfram also wants to set Wolfram Alpha loose on documents, with the ability to apply complex calculations to, say, company spreadsheets. 'A whole bunch of things that I've been working on for 30 years are converging in a very nice way,' he said."

SXSW Create is one of a handful of sub-shows at SXSW which don't require an expensive badge — it's maker-oriented and small, and a few blocks from the slicker parts of the convention. (The local ATX Hackerspace was there showing off robots and giving out soldering lessons and blinkies, without a single corporate pitch.) Under the same tent, I met with Jeff McAlvay, co-creator of Board Forge, which Jeff hopes will make small-run circuit board creation as easy and accessible as small-scale 3-D printing has become in the last few years. ("Think MakerBot for electronics.") The prototype hardware McAlvay had on hand looks -- in fact, is a 3-D printer, albeit one lower-slung than the ones that make plastic doo-dads. That's because the Board Forge's specialized task of assembling circuit boards requires only limited vertical movement. It's using the open-source OpenCV computer vision software and a tiny camera mounted on a movable head to accomplish the specialized task of selecting and placing components onto the boards. The tiny electronic components are lined up in strips on one side of the device, where that smart head can grab them for placement. The brains of the operation include an Arduino-family processor for basic controls, and a Raspberry Pi for the higher-level functions like computer vision. The projected cost for one of these machines — about $2000 — should put instant-gratification machine-aided circuit creation in reach of schools and serious hobbyists, but there's plenty of work before it's set for sale to the public; look for a Kickstarter project in the next few months.

Nerval's Lobster writes "Nate Silver feels a little odd about his fame. That's not to say that he hasn't worked to get to his enviable position. Thanks to his savvy with predictive models, and the huge readership platform provided by The New York Times hosting his FiveThirtyEight blog, he managed to forecast the most recent presidential election results in all 50 states. His accuracy transformed him into a rare breed: a statistician with a household name. But onstage at this year's SXSW conference, Silver termed his fame 'strange' and 'out of proportion,' and described his model as little more than averaging the state and national polls, spiced a bit with his algorithms. "It bothered me that this was such a big deal," he told the audience. In politics, he added, most of the statistical analysis being conducted simply isn't good, which lets someone like him stand out; same as in baseball, where he made his start in predictive modeling. In fields with better analytics, the competition for someone like him would be much fiercer. He also talked about, despite a flood of data (and the tools to analyze it) in the modern world, we still face huge problems when it comes to actually understanding and using that data. 'You have a gap between what we think we know and what we really know,' he said. 'We tend to be oversensitive to random fluctuations in the data and mistake the fluctuations for real relationships.'"

A while ago you had the chance to ask paleontologist Dr. Robert Bakker a wide variety of questions. Instead of answering them individually, Dr. Bob decided to write a lengthy piece that covers most of your inquiries, and includes personal stories and some of his philosophy. The first part is a narrative about his childhood conversion to fossil studies and how his paleo-CSI approach developed. We'll post the second half, covering his training in the history of theology and how it intersects with his science, tomorrow.

A digital scan of a shot I took of Rudy Zallinger’s oil sketch for the 1948 “The Age of Reptiles.” Part of the grand “Life Magazine” issue of 1953.

Reading Lincoln Barnett, Staff Writer, Life Magazine, 1955.

I never got to meet Lincoln Barnett and thank him for getting me into paleontology. It’s my greatest regret..

.....it’s still a vivid memory : me in the sun room of my granddad’s house, opening the Life Magazine of Sept. 7, 1953. The issue had been lying on the table for 18 months but I hadn’t noticed it before. Jurassic behemoths on the cover, pull-out murals inside portraying hundreds of prehistoric wonders. But it wasn’t the simple parade of monsters that hooked me. It was the grand saga of life and evolution, and how dinosaurs fit in the flow of Deep Time. It was the grandest tale I had read.

At the time I was a fourth-grade military-history buff, a ten-year-old expert in the history of naval architecture. I scratch-built models of Athenian triremes for Salamis, Venetian galleasses for Lepanto, and the high-sided cruiser Olympia for Dewey’s 1898 victory at Manila Bay. I lectured friends on why the HMS Invincible was perfect to win the Battle of the Falklands and yet was destined to lose catastrophically at Jutland. But the Life Magazine revealed a history far more complicated and far more fascinating. Mr. Barnett wrote of powerful machines built of muscles, bone and ligaments, equipped with the terrible weaponry of teeth and claws. These living machines were designed for fighting and feeding and reproducing.....and conquering the ecosystem. And for evolving.

The year 1953 was before the Double Helix was decoded and before the acceptance of plate tectonics by the English-Speaking world (South African geologists had seen the evidence and believed). Still, Barnett and the artists at Life put their fossils in context of Darwinian process -- how chromosomes segregated and mutated, providing the raw material for natural selection. To explain speciation they enlisted the most hauntingly beautiful of all vertebrates, the Birds of Paradise in Papua. No one, not even a ten-year old military geek, could ignore those birds and the story of how mountain gorges had separated populations and created new species. Then another painting demonstrated how habitat differences -- the color of the ground -- drove adaptive divergence in ground-running lizards.

So, from one single magazine article, I came to understand allopatric speciation and adaptive divergence. Not bad.......

Barnett’s introductory passages set me up to appreciate Deep Time. One-celled critters rowing themselves through primordial seas with their banks of cilia were first, followed by the explosion of trilobites and the earliest known fish-oids, petrified in the Burgess Shale. Then I met the lobe-finned fish and the ur-amphibians, Ichthyostegas, bravely propelling their squatty-bodies on stubby but efficient limbs.

I remember staring at the brace of Permian fin-backs, Dimetrodon the hunter and Edaphosaurus the vegan. They were the very first large land critters who could play the roles of Top Predator and Top Herbivore. The Early Triassic ushered in the mammal-like reptile, Cynognathus, glowering like a junk-yard dog crossed with a Gila Monster. He seemed to be thinking deep thoughts about his place in nature. Dinosaurs? Yes, I got to them with the Late Triassic Plateosaurus. And then there were sumptuous double-page spreads of the Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous. The final spreads portrayed the opening of the Cenozoic and the explosion of furry and hairy clans that evolved to fill the voids left by dino-extinction.

Life and Barnett didn’t rush me. They put the famous dinos in their proper place in the entire billion-year saga. Now, in 2013, I get irritated at some kids’ books: they jump right into the Jurassic monsters without taking enough time to set the stage properly with the Paleozoic. And that kind of book usually short-changes the Age of Mammals as well.

In the evening after pouring over the Life magazine, I announced to my startled parents that “...I’m gonna grow up to be a paleontologist....and study the fossil story.” Mom smiled and replied “That’s nice dear....it’s a stage...you’ll outgrow it.” She still says that.

The next weekend, off to the Ridgewood New Jersey Public Library I went. There were a dozen fossil-books, most illustrated in glorious black and white. I sensed that evolutionary history was one, fabulous transitive game.

Thanks to naval history, I already understood transitive games. Our first U.S. dreadnought, the 1909 Michigan, could beat our last pre-dreadnought the 1906 Vermont, but, in turn could be beaten by the second wave of dreadnoughts like the 1913 Nevada. And the Nevada wouldn’t last long in a duel with our last dreadnought, the 1943 New Jersey. Each new ship design was more progressive, better armed, better armored, better able to absorb punishment. In the history of life, the waves of Top Predators and Top Herbivores seemed to obey simple transitive rules too: each new clan was a improvement in brains and hearts, lungs and limbs. The earliest Top Predators and Herbivores, Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus, were built by Natural Selection to a lowly design, like a lizard’s. These fin-backs were replaced by Cynognathus and its kin because the cynognaths carried more progressive anatomical weapons. In dinosaur history, the Triassic Plateosaurus, an ur-veggie-saur, gave way to more sophisticated design, the Jurassic Brontosaurus. In the Age of Mammals, the same rules operated. Early big mammals, both carnivores and herbivores, were small-brained and clumsy. They were replaced by big-brained, swift-running horses and wolves and saber-toothed cats.

But I detected a monstrous glitch in the Transitive Rules. Cynognathus was, according all the sources at my fourth-grade disposal, almost a mammal. Therefore, it must have been equipped with almost-hot-blooded brains, hearts and lungs. So it must have been designed to beat any regular cold-blooded reptile. Here’s the problem. Cynognathus and company were replaced by......the early dinosaurs. And dinos were regular reptiles, cold-blooded, stupid and slow. Oh....and bad parents. So said all the books in the library in the 1950’s. That didn’t make transitive sense........dinos beating cynognaths was like a battle line of pre-dreadnoughts whipping the four New Jerseys.

Scan of a photo of my childhood copy of the Zallinger mural, reproduced in the Golden Book of Prehistoric Animals.

American Museum 1955 -- Ned Colbert’s Dinosaur Halls.

A few months after my fateful meeting with Mr. Lincoln Barnett, I went on a school field trip to the great fossil-halls at Central Park West and 79th Street, the American Museum of Natural History. The exhibits had just been renovated by Curator Ned Colbert. Colbert’s hall design put fish and fin-backs, dinos and saber-tooths, in ecological contexts. His displays were festooned with art -- paintings, drawings, sculpture. In the 1980’s Colbert’s halls were criticized for not being cladistic enough (not concentrating on family trees); such griping is churlish. His displays achieved a vivacity has never been surpassed and rarely equaled.

The Early Permian exhibits had real bone skeletons for all the key guilds: Top Predator, Dimetrodon, Top Herbivore, Edaphosaurus, Gator-style aquatic predator, the amphibian Eryops. The Late Jurassic dino-island was arranged as a living prehistoric zoo. Animals who were buried together were mounted together. Stegosaurs and diminutive camptosaurs were mounted as if eyeing the raptor-like Ornitholestes. The Jurassic tableau was arranged exactly as in the painting in Life!

The single most astonishing display in Colbert’s hall, and the one that inspires my own field work to this present day, was the allosaur-brontosaur kill scene. A marvelous adult allosaur skeleton was mounted in a crouch, as if had paused in its feeding upon the rump of an enormous brontosaur. The museum label said: “....tooth marks on the brontosaur bones match the dentition of the Allosaurus.” That spare sentence was galvanic. The painting of the Jurassic predator and its prey was not mere speculation. It was not a flight of paleontologic fancy. It was dinosaur CSI, Jurassic Crime Scene Investigation (that phrase had not yet been made famous by tv). A little reading in the museum library confirmed the conclusion. The allosaur skeleton and chewed brontosaur had been dug from the very same thin layer of dark mudstone, only a few miles apart, at Como Bluff, Wyoming. Quite possibly, predator and prey had coexisted, had even sniffed each other. Certainly the population of allosaurs and the population of brontosaurs had interacted over hundreds of generations. And so...it was quite reasonable to suppose that an allosaur very like the one mounted in the museum had, indeed, gnashed its fangs on that bronto-hindquarters.

The marvelous Jurassic crime scene -- the New York allosaur feeds on a brontosaur. From the 1917 guidebook by W. D. Matthew.

Later, as a college undergrad, I met the painter of the Life mural, Rudy Zallinger, who explained that his Jurassic scene was indeed inspired by those very New York specimens. The allosaur/brontosaur dyad had been celebrated in the earliest version of the hall, back in 1907, by the first famous dino-artist, the magisterial Charles R. Knight. Rudy wove together all the fossils and the previous artistic visions, Coal Age to Ice Age, and had won a Pulitzer Prize in 1949. Rudy was a peach, and I did have opportunities to thank him profusely for getting me into science.

The New York predator/prey scene worked on my mind. Fossils did record actual living creatures performing their ecological chores, contributing to Darwinian progress.

Fossil CSI and My Favorite Dino -- Ceratosaurus nasicornus, Terror of the Lungfish.

Ceratosaurus is and has been my favorite dino since 1958. This is a minority taste. I’ve met only one dino-digger who rated it #1 in desirability -- the late, great James Madsen, who worked the Cleveland Lloyd Quarry in the Late Jurassic of Utah. I first met Ceratosaurus in a drawing in the “The Fossil Book”, by Fenton and Fenton, a marvelous volume that is still the best introduction to all fossils, from foraminifera to mammoths. The sharp-edged, ovate horn on the ceratosaur nose was intriguing, as was the low, slinky body, far less stiff than that of contemporaneous allosaurs. Life Magazine had no ceratosaurs, nor did the New York museum. I had to wait until my first trip to the Smithsonian to greet the type skeleton, half enclosed in a sandstone slab, like a Jurassic version of Michelangelo’s bound slave. The teeth were terrific -- twice as large for the skull size than those in an allosaur’s mouth. And far sharper as well. Torso was lower, slinkier than an allosaur’s, and the tail was very much more sinuous.

What did ceratosaurs eat? What habitat did they chose? Where did they fit in the waves of Darwinian progress? More broadly I asked myself “how can we reconstruct the activity of extinct predators throughout the different habitats of the Jurassic?” As a college senior, the first grant proposal I wrote was to the National Geographic Society to pursue this inquiry. I went on to spend two decades trailing ceratosaurs, taking the CSI hint from the New York museum. We searched for what we called “Jurassic Ballistics.” It goes like this: nearly all dinos, and crocs and lizards (but not us mammals), grow new teeth from birth to death. Each tooth-socket works like a gun with a magazine that never runs out of “bullets” = tooth crowns. As each new crown grows up through the socket, the old crown is forced out. The old root gets dissolved by body chemistry, just as the cartridge case is ejected from a gun when the bullet is fired. We say the crown is “fired” from the socket “barrel”. Those “fired” tooth crowns, in theory, can tell us who was feeding where. We searched assiduously for “dental bullets” all over Wyoming’s Late Jurassic outcrops. We found that allosaur bullets were concentrated within masses of herbivore carcasses. Tiny hatchling allosaur crowns were mingled with crowns from full grown adults - proof that young and old fed at the same spot at the same time. Were young and adults part of the same family? Circumstantial evidence pointed this way.

The allosaur tooth guns -- each socket grows a never-ending sequence of crowns.

Shed crowns from baby allosaurs who were no bigger than a house cat were excavated next to huge prey carcasses, up to forty thousand pounds in body weight. We found no tiny prey of a size suitable for the young allosaurs to have hunted by themselves. Individual prey bones had tooth marks left by baby allosaurs and adults, and often the baby marks and adult marks crossed. Yes -- the crime scene ballistics did point to simultaneous feeding by baby and adults on large prey acquired by adults.

Later digs in the Late Cretaceous provided ballistic evidence that tyrannosaur species fed in families too. The Black Hills Institute excavated a fine adult Triceratops who had tooth-marked bones (specimen now on display at The Childrens Museum of Indianapolis, a superb institution). All around the T’tops were some forty shed teeth, juvenile and adult, from the small tyrannosaurid Nanotyrannus. Clearly young and full-grown predators had fed together.

(Some colleagues have accused Nano’s of being juvenile T. rexes; new finds debunk the idea. The “Dueling Dinosaurs of Montana” discovery includes a full grown Nano that demonstrates the key differences: Adult Nano’s have heads and bodies only half the size of a full-grown T. rex but the Nano arms and fingers are twice as massive and carry claws that dwarf those of a rex. At all growth stages, Nano teeth are far sharper than rex chompers.)

Back to the hunt for Ceratosaurus habitats. Wherever allosaur shed teeth were abundant, ceratosaur bullets were extraordinarily rare. The first ten years we found only one shed fang next to a carcass from a camarasaur (thin-necked cousin of the brontosaurs).

At last, in 1990, we rumbled into one unusual habitat: wide Late Jurassic lake beds. Here dinosaur prey were scarce. Most bones came from crocodiles and giant lungfish up to 1,000 pounds in body weight. Some of the lungfish skull bones had deep gashes inflicted by predator fangs, and all the lungfish remains were surrounded by dozens of huge dinosaur bullets left by some giant fish-eater.

The Ballistic evidence spoke: most of the shed crowns came from none other than Ceratosaurus. At last I had a picture of adaptive divergence among Jurassic Top Predators. The slinky, sinuous body and tail of ceratosaurs would have been an advantage in swimming, a better hydrodynamic design than that of the allosaurs. On the other hand, allosaurs had longer legs and more compact torsos, design features permitting faster runs on drier, more open habitats.

My favorite dino --- Ceratosaurus, whose teeth were twice the size of an allosaur’s of the same head size.

The long-term pattern of evolution among Jurassic Top Predators was fascinating. Early in the Jurassic, long, slinky bodies were the equipment carried by the dominant Top Predators in wet AND dry habitats. But in the later Jurassic, longer-limbed, faster allosaur-style predators had displaced the more primitive, more sinuous carnivores from most habitats -- except those near large bodies of water. It was reminiscent of what would happen much later, in big-cat evolution. Leopards retained the primitive, slinky, low-slung design of the oldest big felids. The design is still ideal for hunting from ambush in dense bush or broken terrain. Or swimming across rain forest rivers. But cheetahs diverged from the ur-cat shape and evolved long legs and taller posture, for long-distance chases over open savannah.

Nerval's Lobster writes "Google senior vice president Amit Singhal, one of the executives heading up the company's search-engine operations, sat down with Guy Kawasaki, former chief evangelist for Apple and author, at one of this year's SXSW keynotes in Austin, TX. 'Our dream is for search to become the "Star Trek" computer, and that's what we're building today,' Singhal said. But he seemed reluctant to share much about his company on a more tactical level, parrying Kawasaki's queries about everything from the amount of code in Google's search platform to recent cyber-attacks on the company's systems. But the two did have an interesting back-and-forth about SEO. 'We at Google have time and time again said—and seen it happen—that if you build high-quality content that adds value, and your readers and your users seek you out, then you don't need to worry about anything else,' Singhal said. 'If people want that content, your site will automatically work you could make a bunch of SEO mistakes and it wouldn't hurt.' When Kawasaki followed up by asking, 'Is SEO bull****?' Singhal replied: 'That would be like saying marketing is bull****.' That drew a laugh from the audience—and maybe some gritted teeth from people who position themselves as SEO experts. The two talked about much more with regard to Google's future plans."

Nerval's Lobster writes "Former vice president Al Gore sat down with Wall Street Journal columnist Walt Mossberg at this year's SXSW conference to talk about the future — specifically, what Gore sees as the dangers and opportunities awaiting the planet for the next few years. Gore drilled down into what he referred to as the "stalker economy." The rise of apps such as SnapChat, which allows smartphone users to control how long friends can view messages, is emblematic of people reaching the "gag point" with pervasive recording and surveillance by government and business. "Our democracy has been hacked," Gore also told his audience, referring to the U.S. Constitution as "our operating system." While there's never been a "golden age" of American Democracy, he added, the perils emerging today are new. "If a Congressman or Senator has to spend five hours a day begging special interests or rich people for money," he said, they'll be more concerned about how what they're saying will appeal to those interests—rather than their constituents. In yet another tangent, Gore railed against genetic engineering, including Spider Goats, which are goats with spliced spider DNA that allows them to secrete spider silk along with their milk. The goats breed, extending that trait to future generations. Gore sees such things as a case of science run amok, alternately creepy and scary."

theodp writes "Taking a page from HP's playbook, Harvard University administrators secretly searched the emails of 16 deans last fall, looking for a leak to reporters about a case of cheating. The deans were not warned about the email access and only one was told of the search afterward. Dean and CS prof Michael Smith said in an email Sunday that Harvard will not comment on personnel matters or provide additional information about the board cases that were concluded during the fall term. Smith's office and the Harvard general counsel's office authorized the search, according to a Boston Globe report. Smith's Harvard bio notes that his entrepreneurial experience included co-founding and selling Liquid Machines, where Smith coincidentally invented a software technique designed to keep unauthorized people from reading electronic documents."

Nerval's Lobster writes "Mobile phones are kicking off a revolution in Africa, with everyone from farmers to villagers relying on apps to make electronic payments, check on expiration dates for medicine, and predict future storms or the best prices for produce. In a SXSW session titled 'The $100bn Mobile Bullet Train Called Africa' (which would also be a pretty good name for one of the indie films playing at this massive convention), Tech4Africa founder Gareth Knight explained the contours of this revolution. According to Shapshak, more kids in Africa have access to the Internet than consistent electricity. Nobody owns a PC or can access a fixed-line telephone, so mobile phones are a conduit for everything from email to news to making payments via SMS. ... Many of the mobile devices used in Africa aren't cutting-edge, and SMS-based platforms are a necessity when it comes to sharing information. 'SMS is so fantastic because it gets to every device everywhere,' Shapshak said. ... Here's how a typical SMS platform might work: someone purchasing a box of malaria medicine could send the barcode information to a text number, which would send back an SMS message identifying the drug as real or counterfeit. Famers and other food-producers can receive SMS messages about the best ways to handle pests, for example, or take care of their cows."

An anonymous reader writes "The first release of Contiki, the open source operating system, was announced ten years ago today on Slashdot. From its inception, Contiki has been all about connecting 'unexpected things' to the Internet, including things like Lego bricks and Apple II computers. Today, Contiki is still going strong and is now being used in the Internet of Things, where it is connecting things like thermostats to smartphone apps throughout Europe."

Nerval's Lobster writes "Elon Musk, CEO of SpaceX and Tesla Motors, took the keynote stage at this year's SXSW to talk about everything from space exploration to electric cars. Joining him onstage to ask questions was Chris Anderson, the former Wired editor and co-founder of 3DRobotics. Musk used his keynote discussion to show off a video of a rocket test, which he said had taken place earlier that week. In the video, a ten-story rocket takes off from a launching pad and hovers several hundred feet in the air before landing in the same spot, upright. It's an early test of SpaceX's reusable-rocket project. 'Reusability is extremely important,' Musk told the audience. 'If you think it's important that humanity extends beyond Earth and becomes a multitenant species' then reusable rockets will prove essential. Musk also talked about the recent controversy involving his Tesla Motors, which started when a New York Times reporter claimed in a much-circulated column that his electric-powered Model S sedan had ground to a halt during a test drive up the East Coast. 'I have no problem with negative feedback,' he told Anderson, in response to the latter's question. 'There have been hundreds of negative articles, and yet I've only spoken out a few times. I don't have a problem with critical reviews, I have a problem with false reviews.'"