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Rack Mounted PCs for the Home User?
andrewa writes "Do any folks out there have recommendations on available gear for building a small, but extendable, rack-mounted system? As a developer of software for use in contact centers I want to put together a small development system that consists of at least three PCs to create a simulated environment to test my applications in.
Why rack mounted? Well, I want to save space and only have the bare minimum systems (no need for multiple CD-ROMS, monitors, no sound-cards, just lots of memory and HD space).
I also will add to this in the future, so don't want to limit myself to just a few pcs on the system. I've scouted around a bit, but didn't see too much. I'm in the UK at the moment, but will be moving to the U.S. in about 6 months, so power requirements (although I guess most equipment has switchable voltages) is a consideration."
You can buy 19" rack equipment that was designed for musicians... Something like this might work, if you cooled it properly. 6U of space will hold 6 1U servers. And they're made to be shipped around, so when you move you won't have to do too much to pack them up.
Couple of thoughts here on this as I've done what your looking to do. First suggestion is wait to buy your stuff until you get here in the US to save yourself shipping fees and possible import duties. Once your here and settled look on ebay for a local auction so that you don't have to have the rack shared.
Going back to school to pick up Cisco and SUN I wanted a rack to hold all the requisite lab equipment for my sandbox - and I thought it would be nifty. I did this last summer and I was able to buy a 42u rack for $100 by watching a week for a local rack on ebay and avoided $200 in shipping fees. Of course no data center I have ever seen was willing to personalize their their rack by painting it metallic green like I did:)
When your buying your rack mount systems bear in mind that 1u cases tend to cost a lot more and have lower capacity. If you have the room, and at home you should, buy either a 3u or 4u rack case and then you don't have to use low profile memory, cards, power supplies and the like that are a fair bit more expensive than standard issue fair.
You can easily get the 3u or 4u cases on ebay for the same price range as a normal computer case. However the rack mount keyboards, mice and monitors cost a pretty penny. If you buy a full rack it will be far cheaper to just by a couple rackmount shelfs and put an old 15" Monitor, KVM, Keyboard and still have plenty of room left over.
Also bear in mind your electric capacity with where you place it. In my experience you'll get around 6-8 systems for a LAN party on your standard 15 amp outlet before blowing the circuit. If you can put it on a circuit that is as isolated as you can make it.
I have good luck with a mixture of Virtual PC for Macs and VMWare for Linux. VPC doesn't run on the G5s yet, though.
Maybe a virtual solution will work for you?
You didn't say much about your application, but you might want to look at using vmware instead of a stack of hardware. I've been using it since 1.0 and it has completely quenched my need to buy and maintain a suite of servers for testing my distributed apps.
I take it the person who asked the question wants to run on server boards, which basically excludes any of the cute little shoebox cases available. They can also be rather large, which excludes many desktop mid-tower cases as well. Most 1U cases I've seen are intended strictly for datacenter use and aren't built with acoustical ergonomics in mind--They usually run several 40mm 7000RPM fans and generate a lot of noise.
I usually just go to Antec for enclosures, but in this case it might just be wiser to have your boss order a few extra nodes that you can take home. Modern Xeon and Opteron systems tend to get very, very hot in 1U enclosures and require wind tunneling for more efficient cooling and require enormous amounts of power from PSUs that cost several hundred dollars in 1U form factor.
I currently work with servers, specifically rackmounted servers. I can tell you that for home use they are not worth the effort. For one thing heat is a big issue. Its no longer trivial to add some case fans to the back and let the air flow freely. You also can not use standard heatsinks because they will not fit in a 1U case.
The main and possibly only benefit of the rackmounted server is because it saves space. This is essential when putting servers in a datacenter as they charge you for how much space you use.
If you are not going to put the servers into a datacenter just put the computer in a standard case which is about (4U) and save yourself the $300-$600 that a rackmount case will set you back alone.
Middle Atlantic Products makes some nice, inexpensive rack hardware in their musician's section that's suitable for a home rack. I have one of their 36" racks and its served me well. In it I have racked a few homebrew PC's, mostly with rack-mount cases purchased from NewEgg. Decent rack-mount cases, not overly priced, and many will take standard sized motherboards and power supplies.
HP's got some really cheap (sub $2000) rackmountable hardware available, with decent specs. They are intel based, so could run Linux, Solaris x86, or if you must W2k, W2k3.
e rvers/prolian tdl140/index.html
Checkout the Proliant's:
http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/s
That's not to bad for the hardware.
Rackmount? For 3 pcs? Something small? Bad idea. Mini-ITX or or microATX is the way to go. Small boxes like this:
e sc ription=56-101-430&depa=0
http://www.newegg.com/app/ViewProductDesc.asp?d
Racks themselves are expensive. Figure on a $250 minimum investment. Then a $100 minimum case cost.
I've got a number of skyhawk 4U cases in a 48U rack. It works for me, especially with all my AV gear in lockdown shelves. Works for me, YMMV.
http://www.apple.com/xserve/cluster/wgcluster.html
"The Apple Workgroup Cluster for Bioinformatics provides a faster, easier and lower-cost path to scientific discovery. You'll get rapid access to data analysis with minimal administrative burden in one comprehensive, industry-leading solution. All starting at $27,999."
I wish......
The thing about rackmounts is that they're terribly noisy, especially 1U units, because they've got numerous, small, high-rpm fans. It's a real cacaphony of noise and heat so if you don't have a separate room for them, you'll get sick of them really quickly. There's also the price premium you pay for 1U cases and low-profile memory compared to normal parts. If you need multiple systems at home, I'd suggest mini-PC's from Shuttle. Small, quiet, and cheaper than rackmounts (slightly more than regular whitebox PCs). They're flat on top so they're very stackable... 3 or 4 of them would take up the space of a normal fullsize tower. They take normal PC components, and they have 100mbps network adapters built in (some of the high-end P4 units might have 1000mbps, I'm not sure) A barebones Shuttle w/ sound, network, and video costs between $220 and $400. After that cost you just need to drop in a CPU, ram, and disk drive. Quite affordable. At least one supercomputer cluster chose Shuttle PCs, I forget which one. This is my second Slashdot post in a few weeks extolling these things. I don't work for them, honest. I'm just a very satisfied customer. :P
OtakuBooty.com: Smart, funny, sexy nerds.
They provide a fair amount of silence too (a bit of foam along the sides where it doesn't obstruct air flow dampens it a lot.
There's a switch, a terminal server, a patch panel, a router (IOS testing mostly), and 7 computers.
The patch panel is new and GLORIOUS. It means I have all the serial ports and network ports and ports for the rest of the house in one panel.
3 of these computer have rack ears. I found rack sliders, put 3/4" ply between them to make a pull out shelf and have a couple Sparc20s, a NeXT and an SGI sitting sideways on them. beneath is another shelf with 2 tower cases sitting there.
Why not all rackable computers? mainly cost. An $80 case with an enermax or antec power supply (I'll *only* use Antec, but enermax was acceptable when it came with the case. The rest are crap. 5V should not be 4.6V when the graphics card get hammered). 2U rack cases (cheaper than 1U cause you get a bit of headroom and can use regular RAM) cost several hundred. The ones I have I got from a dot com moving from dozens of random machines to dozens of the same damn machines. I won; they became maintainable.
I like 4 post racks. The shelves made it easy to put stuff in. Relay racks (just the front ears) work for many people to. If you have another room for the 'puters, then you can consider it. Shouldn't cost more then 120 Euro really.
Make your own
Any pro audio store (PA systems, not CD players) can tell you where to get rack rails. All my pro audio gear was rackable and I have several 4U (not deep enough for 'puters) road cases. So go buy a pair or 3' tall rails and build a nice box out of HEAVY ply. It will meet all your needs. If not, any carpenter should be able to build you a box for a few quid.
I spent some time looking at this found found a few flaws in using standard rackmount systems at home. First, the damned things are long; often extending to the full 36" deep that a standard IT rack holds. Rackmount systems are also very noisy, because they incorporate small high-speed fans.
For home systems, you would be much better off just using mini-itx. For some ideas, take a look at http://www.mini-itx.com.
Another option to consider is XBoxes, especially if you're handy with a soldering iron and can install mod chips yourself. Buy it for $150, add some extra RAM if you need it.
Not an actual rack, but many people seem to do well with standard enclosures (or bare hardware on insulated mats) on the good ol' wireframe shelving stuff. Perhaps you could rig up something respectable enough with a few simple 'desktop' form-factor cases.
When we did our house, I had a choice. We could afford a rack, or a few ebay rack mount cases (the 30 dollar 4u jobbies that were around a little bit ago). We went with the cases and I built a rack out of 2x4s and 1x2s
www.linux-skunkworks.com
I have a JBL rackmount amplifier sitting in my living room right now and it's over 22" deep.
Most pro audio rack case manufacturers make cases that are deep enough to accommodate most rack mount PC systems.
Putting moderation advice in your
Your link no workee.
I find these systems interesting though:
http://mini-itx.com/
Hoping if and when I feel the need for a new computer I'll get one of these with an old enough processor that I can do with little or no fan.
Talk about timely... I just installed my rack-mount at home this weekend. :)
Now, admittedly, it's a fully enclosed lan case, but still...
I got lucky with mine, in that I work for a company that sells all types of office supplies, including PC stuff, and I got the 6.5' beast for all of $10(CDN)... but I have seen them floating around for relatively cheap prices, especially as offices move and go for freestanding racks instead of enclosed cases.
Why an enclosed case? Noise is the big one. It's just worth it to have as much soundproofing as possible when you're running multiple PCs. It also looks cleaner, stopping prospective nerd-chicks from saying "I was going to do you, but your wires are all messy!". And, finally, it allows for nifty modding (word to the wise: If you're going to cut holes in the 2mm steel side with a Dremel, be sure to wear non-flamible clothing. A, uh, friend told me... yeah).
For cases... well, I considered getting a few 2U cases... but then I thought of noise, and cost, and it just wasn't worth it. I'm just now (literally, just took a break to let the dust clear) building my own cases our of 1/2" wood. Given the size of my rack and how I'm laying things out, I'll end up with 19" x 19.5" x 6" cases, more than enough to hold a full ATX board, 2 CDs and 2 HDs (and floppy [the drive, not the rabbit]). If you didn't need many externals, you could fit 2 ATX boards in there.
Cooling? I'm buying an 80CFM, 0.5 Sone air transfer fan... I'll hook all the cases up via dryer venting and PVC pipe, and the only noise in my entire case will be this one uber-quiet fan, and 1 PSU per case (which is made of sound-dampening wood). As I figure to max out at 3 cases, I expect excellent quietness.
Access? I hinged the side door of the case for easy access, and my case layout has all the hookups on the side of the case, not the back. Much easier when, say, you want to change mouse cables, or hook up a USB device. Sure, you think you won't do much, but whether it's rack or case, do you really want to be fiddling around back trying to plug a cable in without unplugging the other 150?
Interface? Forget rack-mount monitors and keyboards... get a KVM. They're cheap, easy, and I've had very few problems with any I've used. At high res they do ghost occasionally, but I only notice it now when I look for it. I'm currently using an Avocent Switchview 4-port, and it has behaved itself quite well. (Don't get a manual switch... autos are just all around better).
Overall, though it was a bitch to get here and get fixed up, I'm already happy now that it's in place. Instead of having 3 PCs with 2-3 fans each, 2 laptop docking stations sitting behind me looking ugly, and all my networking EQ sitting with it's wires hanging out, I have 1 fashionable case, with blacklights and other esoteric touches, that my cats can't run through and knock over, my roommates can't fiddle with, and no-one complains about unattractive PC equipment. It's quieter, more convenient, and damnit, it just looks cool!
The bottom line? Don't bother with rack rails and expensive, ugly cases and your wires flopping out in the breeze.... pick up a full rack case and build your own boxen. And remember, it gives you the best pick-up line a nerd could ever ask for... "Hey baby, wanna see my huge LAN rack?"
If I knew the wedgies I gave you back in 6th grade would have resulted in this . . . I might have taken a moments pause.
I notice you mentioned switching the power supplies. Do be careful when you come to the States. I did a location in New Zealand and took my systems with me. I asked around and everyone said no problem switching the power supplies from 110 to 220. When I hooked everything up it fried two out of three motherboards and cooked one CPU. When I came back to the States I didn't take any chances and switched the power supplies. Power supplies are a lot cheaper than motherboards. I'd do it and call it cheap insurance. For under a hundred bucks US you can swap off three power supplies if you do the work yourself.
Eastern Pennsylvania. Any day, any time. You gotta help drag it out. Contact me. Bring a pickup truck. Used to house ooooooold DECtalk gear. Still has 1 4U DECtalk unit installed, if you ever wanted to do text-to-voice with DTMF readback over 8 phone lines at once.
I also am a strong proponent of virtualization if possible. I'm up to about 15 virtual machines running under VMWare ESX, and I started a new box intended to run Linux VMs using usermode linux. Now that "virtualization" is a key buzzword for 2004, I don't think I'll ever get around to populating the rack with gear. Get it out of my house.
Intelligent Life on Earth
I've got one working as a testbed database server. They're pretty cheap on ebay, not very deep, not terribly noisy and they run Linux.
What's not to love?
They're fairly low-powered, but for testing/proof-of-concept, etc., they work plenty fine for the money.
1. Rackmount equipment generally costs more.
2. The space you'll save is directly proportional to the extra airflow (read "fans") you'll need. The smaller the unit and/or the more stuff inside each unit, the more fans you'll need and the more noise you'll end up with.
3. A 4U unit is about the same size as a tower PC. Invariably, a 4U is designed to use more fans than a typical tower PC and as a result will be noisier. A typical 2U unit is designed with 3 mid-case fans, and an exhaust fan (in addition to the fans on the power supply fan and the processor). Swap out all the fans for the quietest replacements you can buy, and you'll still end up with something you'll want to put in another room or far away from where you work.
4. Rack enclosures are expensive. Audio racks and relay racks, while cheaper, are NOT appropriate for any number of reasons. You can, however, find budget or used enclosures (still not cheap), just as you can design your own (a week in the garage). Rack accessories are also expensive. You can find a Slashdot article on the subject of enclosures here.
If by home use, you're implying you intend to put everything in a specially-ventilated and sound-proofed closet or recording-studio grade enclosure, another room, or basement, I'd say go for it. If not, you'll regret it.
My home rack has been working great.
:)
First, be carefull about where you put it. Mine is tucked away under the stairs in the basement. A 19" rack fit perfecly in the closet that I built around it. I have an automatic dehumidfier and some (motherboard based hacked) temperature sensors, and a bathroom ventalation fan. When I'm in the basement, I can't hear anything at all.
Next, buy yourslef a CAT 5 KVM Extender. It is absolutly indespensable. I very rarely have to go down to manually press a button and the KVM extender has eliminated the need for an expensive rack mount keyboard and monitor. I just have a cheap KVM switch connected to my family rig in the den.
I agree with other posters, go buy a 4U rackmount case and make sure that you have at least a couple of rack mount shelves for routers and other misc stuff.
The neighbours all know that I work as a geek, but showing them my Rack when they come over demonstrates that I live like one too
rejected (19) accepted (0)
Is there a psychological term related to getting your stories rejected on slashdot?
It wasn't a link, it was a URL. And it worked just fine more me, after removing the (accidental?) space in "description". Here is the link...
That rack unit in the picture looks like it is XtremeMac's Xrack which is a 12U enclosed rack designed for XServe+XRaid for around $1799
That's for the motherboard, PSU, case, and MAYBE optical drives. No CPU, no RAM, no HDD - those are underneath the server's link.
Rackmounts of the 1U and 2U variety are handy when you can get them with the connections in the places you need them. Most have connections in the back, which for a geek is a bit of a pain since it means moving stuff around a lot every time we need to change something. A few have some important connections (or all of them) in the front, which makes for supreme ugliness but really handy to work on. Other than that, you need to pay attention to the size of the expansion cards you plan on putting in, as a riser card (to allow full-size cards in a 1U or 2U case) can often be more expensive than the cards you're planning to install.
At 4U cases and larger, it's pretty much the same size of a regular case in a horizontal configuration and at a fair premium over a standard case. Rarely are there any additional features other than for cooling. Unless there's a need for hot-swappable drives or something like that, it's not terribly useful.
Remember that 1U and 2U cases tend to be a fair amount deeper than a standard case, which yields somewhat about the same case volume as a cheaper standard case. So unless you have depth available with how you want to set it up, it can case trouble. But if you need to stack things up, stuff someting next to ceiling joists, or have a dedicated 19-inch width area for electronics, you're not saving yourself much. When that's the case though, this is a really great solution.
And it looks cool too. My $400 linux server/router sitting in a box that says "Intel NetStructure Traffic Director", which probably cost ten times that much. I feel like someone who has a car kit where they turn a VW bug into something that looks like a street rod.
The used/surplus market can really be your friend once you get to the States. Some areas are better supplied than others. For example, the Seattle area has RE-PC, which bills itself as the largest used/recycled computer place in the northwest (probably true -- I've not found any other computer surplus place in the region quite so large). I see rackmount cases and parts turn up there all the time, at both the retail locations, and the prices are generally pretty cheap.
The SF Bay Area part of California has a generous supply of used electronics and computer places too numerous to list in any detail here. At the risk of load-testing my web server, I have a page at this link that lists all the Bay Area surplus places that I knew of as of my last (annual) trip to the area in 2003.
I would, however, like to point out one place in particular in the Bay Area. Weird Stuff Warehouse has to be seen to be believed, though their prices can be a little on the high side, IMO.
I also have store and swap meet listings for the Puget Sound region and the metro Portland area of Oregon.
Outside of the retail surplus scene, amateur ("ham") radio swap meets can also be excellent sources of such parts. I bought my original rack case from one of the Bay Area events back in 2000, and it is still serving me well today. You can search for hamfests close to whatever area you'll be moving to at this link.
I hope that helps. Rackmount stuff is great fun, and scrounging for it (and other parts) even more so. Definitely part of the "Tinkerer's Spirit."
Enjoy your travels.
Bruce Lane, KC7GR,
Blue Feather Technologies
Rack mounted hardware is hideously expensive to begin with, not to mention fairly ugly. If you honestly need discrete hardware for testing the system I would suggest considering used laptops (or even new laptops), get several identical units. Benefits of laptops over rack mounted hardware :
Built in battery backup.
Discrete hardware so you can use it like a regular computer.
Very quiet, low power consumption.
Reasonably priced compared to 19" rack mount machines.
Get a spare hard drive and carrier and the laptop serves double duty as a personal laptop simply by swapping out the drive.
Stacks easily.
You can get new Dell laptops for under a grand apiece including upgraded hard drives and memory.
That said, I suggest you give VMware a serious look. It has a 30 day shareware trial version (full feature) and will let you run multiple virtual machines on the same computer - memory limited to 1G across all the VMs on one physical machine (ie you could run four 256M machines or two 512M machines or eight 128M machines at the same time, or mix and match.) Networking is emulated very well, as far as the virtual machines are concerned they are all real machines on your network, in fact all the real machines on your net will treat them like real machines also.
Total cost for VMware = $300 for the software and enough to fill your existing computer with another Gig of memory. If you are doing prototyping or experimental work it is really something worth looking into.
Glonoinha the MebiByte Slayer
I got lucky. A company I had connections to
dumped a bunch of older equipment, and I managed
to get a very nice full size rack, for free!
that said...
rack stuff is more expensive, though it's getting
less so.
put the rack on casters, and make sure that they
are rated to carry the weight of your rack
maxed out with equipment.
I love this. Combined with hard floors, it
makes it very easy to pull the rack away from
the wall to make changes, or clean under it.
*** Make sure the combined height is less
than the doorway. This will allow you to
move it out of the room for painting or other
room maintenance. In fact, when I got the
rack, I put my desk and two file cabinets on
casters, too.
Get rails for the cases. I leave the case lid
screws off, too. Makes it very easy to slide
out the cases and pop the lids for changes and
maintenance.
Be sure to make cables long enough to
accomodate the length needed when the cases
are fully pulled out.
Tiewrap cables that can be pulled out,
(i.e., usb, keyboard, mouse) to the back
of the case to act as strain relief when
sliding the case.
Check the alignment of the rails that the
equipment screws into, left to right, front
to back. Use a couple of 2U blanks at the
top and bottom.
When I built my first rack case 5 or 6 years
ago there weren't as many choices, seemingly,
for manufacturers as now, and I over did it
with a big Sliger. Since then I've built a
couple more using Compute-Aid 4U boxen
http://www.compute-aid.com/
which are well built and fairly priced,
though it's been of couple years since I checked
them out.
Heating isn't a problem with 4U cases.
ATX mobo's leave plenty of room for chassis
fans. Cases frequently can be ordered with
a cross brace that accomodates additional
chassis fans.
Try and keep the heavy stuff near the bottom.
For me, top to (near) bottom:
ham radio stuff
17" monitor for the router box
(I'd love to change this to an lcd,
but they're too much money)
mini-keyboard for the router on sliding
shelf
1U shelf for the dsl box
1U shelf for the 8 port hub
workstation 4U box
old workstation now file server 4U box
router 4U box
APC rackmount UPS (heaviest of all)
That's all I can think of.
Good luck
I got a rackmount enclosure and some rackmount equipt, it's awsome despite the markups, find a good deal on eBay. My ProLiant 5000R and 24 port switch has all the guys at the lug envying me.
Sig: I stole this sig.
Listen to this guy.
Go with 4U rack mount cases. They are cheap, and easy. They will fit all your standard hardware out there.
For the rack itself, they can be expensive new, but you can get them used often enough. Look on ebay and find one in your vicinity. My friend got a nice compaq 42U rack for cheap that way.
If you can't wait, you could do as one has suggested and use a 19" audio rack. Just make sure it's deep enough; some audio racks aren't deep enough to fit some computer cases.
If you're on the cheap, get yourself a cheapo belkin KVM and hook up a small monitor and get a cheap keyboard/mouse combo and put it in the rack on a rack shelf. After that, you can most likely do everything else over the network, so you shouldn't have to use it very much.
- It's not the Macs I hate. It's Digg users. -
Try the Defense Reutilization Marketing Office (DRMO), an agency that DoD uses to get rid of surplus equipment. All of the armed services use the standard 19" form factor and sometimes you can get lucky and find one at DRMO for very little money. You can probably refurbish one for the cost of a couple cans of paint, maybe a power strip and a couple fans.
Pedro
----
The Insomniac Coder
Supermicro makes super server barebone systems that are very nice. I've got a bunch here at home and at work.
Check it out here.
Building your own 1u box is a pain. Just try to find motherboards, power supplies and 1u cases that all work together. You'll find it is not easy. Intel makes some boards and cases that go well together, but they are pricey. A super server from supermicro includes:
Case (1u, 2u, 3u,....and up)
Power Supply (no reliablity problems so far)
Floppy and CD-rom/DVD drives
and
Motherboard that fits the case correctly.
All you need to do is add CPU(s), memory and hard drives. This way you can choose how much "horsepower" you need with out all the system integration hassles.
Good luck.
-ted
they make a 1RU 15 inch deep rack case (they'll build it out if you buy all the components from them). I think that the case is called a firewall case. I've got about a dozen of them that we built out a couple of years ago. They don't have much expansion room, but they work perfectly fine for what we use them for. They don't have a cd drive and only have one slot for a hard drive, but if you use the right components that shouldn't really matter, right?
I have a Shuttle XPC for gaming purposes fitted with an Athlon XP 2800+, 512MB RAM, a DVD-ROM and an 80GB hard disk. For full featured computing needs in a small package, you can't beat it.
Also, keep in mind that most rack mountable computers are REALLY LOUD (think "idling jet engine loud). The smaller the "U" of the case, the louder it is. Those 1U and 2U cases are jam packed with all sorts of stuff that gets hot. They compensate for that with high flow fans and those fans are LOUD.
Also rack mount cases for the "build it yourself" PC's cost $100 - $150 more than standard cases.
The "gee-whiz" factor is great, though.
I operate a bunch of machines in a datacenter but do my sysadmin from home. As a result, I have a nice installation here, in a side room of my basement near my home office, connected to the Internet through a Covad T1.
I use (2) 2-post relay racks from Great Lakes Case & Cabinet, they were ~$300 each. I bought 19" shelves, rack power strips and mini keyboards (that fit on a rack shelf) from Milestek (very inexpensive), and some used APC rack mount 1400W Smart-UPS (one per rack, mounted at the bottom). I did as others have done and built machines into 4U Siliconrax-Sliger SRCX475 rack cases. They are not quiet, but I haven't found them as noisy as others have mentioned.
I used a 15" CRT for the KVM monitor (both because it was cheap and because, unlike flat panels, they will sync to many more video signals.). I'm using a Black Box ServManager KVM, and it works well, but I don't recommend it because you can do the same thing with cheaper equipment (Belkin). The relay racks are incredibly strong, and I've mounted quite a bit in them. Between the two racks I have several 1U switches, a firewall, the 4U ServManager KVM, a 15" Dell monitor I picked up cheap with the purchase of a server, keyboard, 7 mixed 4U and 1U machines, a 4U robotic tape jukebox, 3 2U power strips, and a 4U lockbox for storing loose bits. All the cables are run along the sides and behind the relay racks -- with a full installation I don't see the wires too much. The relay racks have the option of using casters, and while I didn't buy them, I recommend them to others -- it lets you roll the relay racks out to
get behind them.
I had an electrician run separate 15A circuits from my mains panel to each relay rack's UPS, and I also had him install a manual generator transfer switch and heavy-gauge cable to an outside junction box, so I can plug in my generator. (An aside -- if you are going to use a generator to keep things going in a blackout, put a cheap, low wattage light plugged into one of the UPS and turned off, so that it is available to be turned on so you can see what you are doing while switching over to generator and for general tinkering if the place you have your equipment doesn't have a light fixture.)
It looks impressive to have everything mounted this way, and keeps everything tidy.
-- Gary Goldberg KA3ZYW 301/249-6501 AIM:OgGreeb Digital Marketing Inc., Bowie, MD
built in work-surface if it has sliding rails. Usually access to components is extremely easy. This is great if you're in hardware tinker mode.
THIS THING CAN TURN ON A DIME, MACROSSZERO STYLE ALSO FUCK BETA, ~NYORON
Here
Deja voodoo.
My suggestion is that you look on ebay for a rack cabinet. I just bought two of them on there for $50.00 each. One was a Sun Storage Array which probably cost over $1,000.00 new. The other was some generic cabinet, but both are perfectly functional. The Sun is too large for the house, but the other easily fits in a closet I use for my servers.
Cases can easily be found brand new on PriceWatch for under $100.00. Sometimes you can find them for under $70.00. You can also buy used cases on ebay fairly cheaply.
One additional think to think of is this. It strikes me that with some aluminum angle shelving material from Lowes, a drill, and some bolts, you could easily make a rack frame to put rack cases in. I also think that some heavy drawer rails would work as well as the server rack rails folks sell, which you cna also pick up cheaply on ebay.
Alcmaon
Why rack mounted? Well, I want to save space and only have the bare minimum systems (no need for multiple CD-ROMS, monitors, no sound-cards, just lots of memory and HD space). I also will add to this in the future, so don't want to limit myself to just a few pcs on the system.
I had the same idea you did, except it was for small businesses who wanted to start with a small rack system, then add later.
So I had this built, a scalable rack. Since a standard rack is 42U high, I had it built to be 1/7th the height, or 7U. The piece sitting on the front is the cap for the rack top, and another 7U rack module is already installed, so the rack in the picture is 14U high (BTW, if anyone wants that synpotics 10Mb hub, they can have it for nothing...just gotta pay the shipping...it's heavy!)
Unfortunately, there's not a lot of interest in a scalable, modular rack system. So there my prototype sits in fire engine red looking very pretty, but no buyers.
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I recently had to set up a mini-cluster for my department. We looked into rack mounts, but finally decided to go with micro-ATX PCs housed in a standard bookshelf. The main reason for our decision was that 1U servers are very expensive, hot, and noisy. 2U cases are better, and you can use off-the-shelf components, but 2U offers no space savings over micro-ATX.
We found micro-ATX motherboards with dual DDR and gigabit ethernet built-in. Micro-ATX cases are cheap, and you can get solid 300 watt power supplies for them. Additionally, we can if needed fit in 3 standard PCI cards.
So, we decided to get 15 micro-ATX PCs, and house them in 3 shelves of a standard 2 1/2' (w) x 6 1/2' (h) bookshelf. The PCs sit backwards so all the ports face out. There's still space for another 10 PC's in the bookshelf. Compare this with only 20 2U cases in a standard rack.
My recommendation, go with micro-ATX PCs, unless you really need an ATX sized motherboard. It'll be easier to deal with and will save you a bunch of money over rack mounts.
...and is absolutely useless for anything even remotely approaching performance testing, because you've got the overhead of the virtual machine software, and several systems fighting for CPU time, memory, and disk I/O(which is particularly a problem with IDE systems where disk I/O involves a lot of CPU overhead).
you have one kick ass box.
and if anything breaks, you now have ZERO working systems, instead of 2/3rds etc. IBM's big iron gets away with this because damn near everything is redundant and hot-swappable, so the machine never has to go down.
I don't consider the parent answer particularly insightful, sorry...
Please help metamoderate.
It really isn't true that anything associated with audio gets an automatic 500% markup.
I recently built a new workstation, and decided to built it in a rackmount case this time. I though it would neaten things up a lot to get my (rackmount) UPS and extra battery, server, switch, and all those pesky little boxes (firewall, cable and DSL modems, etc.) into an enclosed rackmount case. (That way, most of the cable runs are inside of the case...)
After looking at surplus racks and not finding anything that I would have in my home (my office is in my dining room) I decided to splurge and buy a brand-new rack cabinet.
I wound-up with a Middle Atlantic Products WRK-24MDK "presentation enclosure system" which is a 30" deep 24U enclosed cabinet.
At about $800, it was less than similar products designed for the server market. (Which, IMO, has by far the highest markups!)
There are somewhat more affordable choices available from Middle Atlantic, if is doesn't have to be quite so pretty. Particularly if you want a full-size cabinet. They also make some pretty nifty cabinets intended for in-wall roll-out installations, which are popular in home theatre applications.
One thing you have to watch-out for with audio racks is depth. Most audio equipment is not very deep, and most enclosed racks for the audio market are not going to be deep enough for most servers.
The cheapest way to go, if you are handy, or having custom furniture built anyway, is to just buy rackrails for a few dollars and build them into something.
The next-cheapest is to use an open rack rather than an enclosed rack. These are commonly used in corporate server rooms where individual-cabinet security is not needed. Severs typically sit on center-mounted shelves rather than actually being mounted from the ears.
And, yes, you can pretty easily find full-size and smaller racks on the surplus market (I found several locally) but they can be rough.
Keep in mind that 1U servers are VERY noisy! (The smaller the fan diameter, the more the noise, for the same volume of air moved.) This is a consideration if this is in your home or even in your office if it is in a work area. If you are a build-it-yourself type, get 4U enclosures and add your own motherboard.
I used a Chenbro RM412 case, which comes with a hot-swap SCSI backplane, and takes extended ATX mother boards.
I added a 4U shelf for all of the little boxes, and got a new low-cost rack-mount gigabit switch. (An SMC 8508T)
Very bad idea unless you're mounting very shallow stuff or very tall stuff; there is a reason they call them "telco" or "relay" racks; telco/network gear is never very deep(long), unless it's also very tall, so it doesn't exert much outward pull on the screws. Think about the mechanics of it- and yes, it's not pretty when that 2U DB server with 4 very expensive SCSI disks makes Unintentional Ground Contact because the screws all stripped out.
Go with steel unless you have a really good reason not to. Aluminum strips like a son of a bitch, even just installing the stuff if you're not careful (ie mis-threading a screw or even over-tightening it.)
Please help metamoderate.
Just buy good quality PSU's in the first place, avoid the cheepo units and you won't have this problem
Good points all around in parent post. Additional thoughts from my own experience:
As others have pointed out, another problem with 1U/2U rack cases is the noise. They typically use 40mm/50mm case fans, and the sound of those poor little guys whirring their hearts out is like living in an airport. While you might be able to tolerate this with a single computer, once you stack up 3/4/5 machines, the noise levels can become remarkably unpleasant. After 3 months of insomnia, I chucked those cases in the closet and replanted everything in 4U cases. (I've since seen low-noise 40mm Pabst fans popping up every now and then -- the airflow is much lower than the turboprop-wannabe stock fans, but I'm tempted to pick up a few of these, bring the 1U case out of storage, and give it another shot -- for a minimal single-CPU/single-drive system, the reduced airflow should still be sufficient.)
4U cases, OTOH, are much easier to quiet down. These typically use 80mm or 90mm case fans, and many have mount points for a couple of 60mm fans on the back. There's a variety of low-noise 80/90mm fans on the market. Not quite as wide a selection in the 60mm range, but they're not particularly difficult to find if you need the extra airflow. (FWIW, I've been happy with the Vantec Stealth line.)
The parent poster's comment about 4Us taking standard power supplies is good to keep in mind. The PS in a 1U/2U case is going to be a nonstandard size -- which can be a killer if it dies on you. With the standard-sized ATX PS used in a 4U case, if you lose a PS you can pop down to your local computer supply store, buy a replacement, and be back up and running in no time.
If you're running Linux, you can manage without a KVM once your machines are set up and running properly, since you can always forward X sessons from multiple boxes over to whichever machine your monitor is connected to. That being said, a KVM is awfully handy if you need control over a machine during the early boot stages -- you can't get to the BIOS settings display using X forwarding. :-)
Personal preference I've developed regarding rails is to use the 26" rails even though most 4U cases are only 20" deep. The longer rails make it more awkward when you first put the case in the rack (since they stick out past the ends of the case), but afterwards they'll let you slide the case out far enough that you can get to the connectors on the back. (Like flipping off the switch on the power supply or unplugging the cord while you're working inside the machine.) I find that being able to do all the work from the front of the rack is more convenient than having to hop back and forth between the front and rear to yank things off and plug things back in again. If you rarely work inside your case, it's not a big deal -- save a few bucks and go for shorter rails, or even skip the rails completely and bolt the case directly to the rack.
You mentioned lots of HD space. If you're planning something serious, like a 4+ drive RAID configuration, pay close attention to mountpoints and airflow. Many entry-model 4U cases only have 2 mount points for hard drives. You can pick up 3.5-5.25" adapter brackets that'll let you mount additional drives in the 5.25" external bays -- there's usually 3 external bays on an entry-level 4U case. If you pick up one of the inserts that fit into the 3 external bay area and allow you to mount 5 hard drives sidways, be very *very* cautious if you're using 7200 RPM drives. Those drives run hot normally, and there's almost no space between the drives in these inserts, hence little room for airflow. You'll want a dedicated cooling fan, preferably built into the rear of the insert, or you're going to run a real risk of the drives quickly overheating and dying. (Been there, fried that, bought new drives.)
Oh yes, and something that drove me crazy for a while -- if you pick up a second-hand rack and the mou
A marriage is always made up of two people who are prepared to swear that only the other one snores.
I now use a 6 foot Damac rack and 5 Anova 4U rackmount cases in my home.
The Damac is just a four post rack. You don't have to get all the doors and sides that it can be ordered with. Wheels are a must to move it out from the wall to make cabling changes.
The Anova rackmount computer cases have removable/washable filters. They are very easy to open and work with once unracked.
Running multiple machines is pretty noisy, but you get used to it. It also keeps your home 10 degrees warmer all year long.
You may also run into power problems in a house with substandard electrical power.
SKB Cases can be used for a more portable racking solution.
I've got a similar problem to you, and, after years of noisy living rooms and bulky kit, I think I've found a solution.
... aren't you?
Not racks, nor wooden bookshelves. I rescued four racks once. Bloody useless things. Free racks still cost 'cos they need expensive cases. If you put ordinary PCs in on the shelves, you might as well use ordinary shelving, like some guys have mentioned here. Since then, I've always wanted small, small PCs, and I've finally found them. They're silent. They're the size of routers. They're cheap.
But these PCs don't have any fancy extras, like video, keyboard or mouse (you use serial I/O, or SSH). They're only supported with free (as in four) operating systems, e.g. the BSDs and Linux. If you can work within those limitations, and I can, then you've gotta consider them. Since you didn't mention operating systems, I assume you want to keep your costs down, so you've gotta be going the not-unix route
I'm willing to bet there are a number of manufacturers about. I know of Soekris, from Santa Cruz, a town famous, so I've heard, for the silly decisions some people have made after long visits to its excellent beer festival. Soekris interest me because they specifically support Open BSD.
check this one. looks promising. http://www.electronicmusic.com/education/5326.html
Get a mainboard that supports serial console redirection, like the Tyan Tomcat i875P, and hook the (first) serial port up to a multi-serial board in another box, or get the excellent (but expensive) Cyclades TS-Series console server.
We just picked up four of them as firewalls (in 1U cases from Chenbro) as well a backup server, and the redirection works like a charm.
I also use micro-ATX and I'm very happy with the stack that I have. I use the Ivar Ikea shelves, they come in different widths and depths and are open all around for good air flow. The upright supports are very sturdy (but use the cross braces anyway) and the holes allow for exact spacing of the shelves. I use that split plastic tube to hide the cables up and down the rack. I use screws inside the tube to fasten it to the back two rails, the tube runs from top to bottom of the rack. Nice and neat installation.
Up to 4 pcs in a *single* 1U rack for a sensible price. Yes, you read right. And they're a UK outfit which should help. Linitx.com
I have done this, and enjoy it. I bought a rack mount router from Imagestream and from there started down the road. I found 20U (36") racks at woodwind and brasswind music store (wwbw.com) for $99 and bought cases from Ebay for $75 each, some had backplanes (used) others didn't but had adapters for ATX motherboards. I spent the extra money (~$200) for quad segragated backplanes and can run 4 Computers in a 4U case with drives and all. I went quad cause most SBC'es now have everything you need on them, (my AA server need a sound card but every other device needed was on it) for gaming just dig up a PCI video card that has some good spec's. I now have 2 30U's and am looking for a few more to continue with (1 rack does dual duty as both my HAM radio rack, and holds a computer for the new software control programs) the 4U cases use standard power supplies (ATX) hold standard drives (5 1/4 and 3.5" bays) and most have an adapter allowing a standard motherboard or the backplane/SBC combo that is common in industrial setups (I have both types in my network) My gaming machine is a 4U with a standard biostar motherboard in fact the only thing different about it is the case being rack mounted and having 5 fans. so go for it!
I'm told you are what you eat, does that mean I can be you by tomorrow with some A1?
For 3 computers, a rack is serious overkill. Unless you can do something like an underdesk rack. I found these rack rails last week while searching for something. I want a rack that is sturdy enough for me to move from house to house without disassembling, and came across these.
You could use 2 pair of these to build an underdesk rolling rack cage (3 4U servers is only 28 inches).
Build your own rails, pick up a drill/tap set at Home Depot (or wherever) for about $5... then just drill/tap the holes as you need them. Plastic garbage bag taped around the rail and a good vacuum cleaner to pick up the filings, and you don't even have to unmount all your hardware to do it. The rails themselves can be basic steel bar stock, or if cost/weight is a concern, use thick aluminum.
Then you can either buy premade rackmounts or build your own. I'm an audio guy, and audio rackmount equipment is usually 10" between rails, as opposed to 19" for computer equipment. Though some of the high-end stuff is 19" between rails.
Everyone I've seen that builds their own uses perspex or aluminum. Personally, were I to do this, I would get mini-ITX boards, with the Morex DC-DC power supplies. Run the whole rack on a big DC rectifier, and just patch in the 12V to each power supply. The units themselves are just six pieces of perspex; the top is on a hinge, the front (and possibly the back) is wider than the rest, to provide places to screw into the rails. Depending on your needs, you can PXE-boot them, and then you just need one computer for the whole thing with a big hard drive / RAID to hold the images on. Or you can just put a read-only operating system on a compact flash and put that in the mini-ITX. One version of the board even has the CF slot on it, so you don't need a converter to IDE.
You can get most of the hardware from mini-itx.com, though I've had better luck with idot.com in terms of pricing. The 12V rectifier can be gotten from industrial surplus, or if you're handy with a soldering iron, you can build your own from a heavy duty transformer and a few power rectifier diodes. As far as software, any Linux Live CD (ala Knoppix) can PXE boot or boot off CF. If you want Windows, search for Windows PE on google, and it'll come up with a list of companies that make read-only Windows distros. If none of those meet your needs, BartPE makes a utility to roll your own... just install it on a hard drive, configure it, then run the utility.
I am disrespectful to dirt! Can you see that I am serious?!