On The Evolution Of Dance Dance Revolution

Thanks to Gaming-Age for its feature discussing the continued popularity of Konami's Dance Dance Revolution series, which starts out by noting "the DDR series now has had nearly 50 different releases, all territories figured in", and interviews Konami's Yasumi Takase about the possibility of being able to use any music CD in a DDR game ("Having access to your personal music CDs is great, but coming up with your own step data for these songs is not so easy unless you are an expert player"), before talking to female DDR player 'Lyra' about her views of female players ("We do tend to have a lot more guy players than girls, the only girls we ever get are people who either try it out once, or sluts who are trying to get a guy.") Elsewhere, DDRFreak points to an academic essay on the history of DDR (PDF link), produced for Stanford University's History Of Computer Game Design class.

Comments

Low # of Female Players?

[Oz0ne]

That's exactly the opposite I see. While there are a surprising amount of guys (surprising to me at least, most guys I know have no rythym at all,) the players I do see are predominantely female. I'd say like 70%.

We've got a DDR machine or two at every arcade in the area (South Florida) and they are always booming with people. There's usually a line, though many are just spectators. You don't see anything like that for the racers, shooters, or fighters in the arcades. Actually, I'm seeing fewer and fewers racers, shooters, and fighters all together :-/

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[Asmor]

The sad fact is, just as Street Fighter II brought the glory days of arcades, DDR is its last leg. I'm not saying DDR is at fault-- far from it. DDR is keeping what few arcades that are left alive and they were failing for other reasons (primarily the quality of home systems and the fact that while the cost of home games hasn't increased as far back as I can remember (I remember all those new Genesis games I used to force my dad to buy me costing $40 and $50), arcade games have at least doubled in price, and the larger games often cost a dollar or more per play. Of course, if you go to Japan, the games run off 100 coins which are the equivelent of ~$0.90USD, so even for the "cheap" games they're paying twice as much as we do in the US, but they in return get a much better atmosphere. The games are all a bit shorter and have comfy stools so you get to sit down and enjoy them. The games are also kept in tip top condition... If you don't like the way a joystick feels, you can tell whoever's working there and they will have the technical skill to replace it, have replacement parts handy and be more than happy to replace it for you. I can't count how many time I've been bored and gone into the arcade at a mall and put a couple quarters into Marvel vs. Capcom only to find out that I can't move backwards or use middle punch. Then again, maybe all the mall arcades actually just set the machines on the secret "uber" mode hoping to attract die hard fans looking for a challenge? :)

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[JavaLord]

I'm not saying DDR is at fault-- far from it.

But in a way it is, DDR is the type of game that is intimidating to new players. Sure, Teenagers don't mind getting on that thing and jumping around but don't you think that DDR by it's nature alienates the 20 - 30 something players? Or players with poor dexterity? While you might get embarassed playing street fighter for the first time, you can REALLY get embarassed playing DDR in front of a crowd for the first time. Not to mention the fact that a DDR machine probably costs at least double what a standard arcade machine costs.

I could make an argument that the stagnation of fighting games, along with the rise of DDR is what killed the popularity of the arcade scene. Sure there are a lot of kids watching each other play DDR. But are there as many people in the arcade as in 94 - 97 when Mortal Kombat and Street Fighter were peaking?

If you don't like the way a joystick feels, you can tell whoever's working there and they will have the technical skill to replace it, have replacement parts handy and be more than happy to replace it for you. I can't count how many time I've been bored and gone into the arcade at a mall and put a couple quarters into Marvel vs. Capcom only to find out that I can't move backwards or use middle punch.

Fixing a button is easy, replacing a joystick is a bit of a pain in the ass. Plus you want to have the correct joystick for the game at hand, most players can tell a Namco stick from a Midway one. (Or at least it was that way when I was playing..). If you are at a small arcade they will usually replace a joystick if you ask nicely, the mall arcades often employ people who wouldn't even know how to change a joystick. They just give you your coins back, put the game out of order and tell whoever the tech is to fix it when he comes in that week.

Then again, maybe all the mall arcades actually just set the machines on the secret "uber" mode hoping to attract die hard fans looking for a challenge? :)

Usually what happens is the game comes in new, they put it on a middle setting, then ramp it up after it's been out for awhile and it's making money. Sometimes, they will forget to turn it down when the game becomes less popular or the game is moved to another location.

Other times the arcade worker (ie coin chaser) might just turn up the skill level to piss off a regular who comes in to play the game all the time. :)

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[Asmor]

DDR's really not at fault, though. Arcades have been dying for a long time, they were dying before DDR came out. DDR gave them a shot in the arm, allowing places to stay open and attract people. Yeah, DDR's a wicked embarassing game to play. I play it at home and am reasonably good, but I get way too nervous if I even touch a foot on the pad. But noone says you have to play DDR if you go to an arcade. You can go and play the other games which are only there because DDR has kept the arcade from being converted into a Starbucks or hell, you can even just chill and watch people play.

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[JavaLord]

You can go and play the other games which are only there because DDR has kept the arcade from being converted into a Starbucks or hell, you can even just chill and watch people play.

Actually I left out another part of what has killed arcades, online gaming over the internet. While you can go to the arcades and play other games, how many new games actually come out in the arcades anymore? It seems like so many game companies closed their arcade divisions. I see more gimmick games designed for the malls and boardwalks than actual stand up arcade games.

You are right though, arcades were dying pre-DDR. DDR helped attract a certain crowd to the arcades, but I think it drove other players out too.

Overall, the arcade experence doesn't have much to offer vs the home experence anymore. They used to offer cutting edge games, and competition. Now the internet provides the competition and PC games look just as good as most arcade games nowadays.

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[bludstone]

"Actually I left out another part of what has killed arcades, online gaming over the internet"

Wrong.

People give online gaming far FAR too much credit. The vast majority of people who play videogames do not do so online; Either through PC or consoles. They play at home, or if they want to play multiplayer, with friends. Not online.

The only arcade I ever go to anymore is Dave and Busters. Thats for Mo-Cap boxing, police 911, and some other VR~ish games. And Beer. Lots of beer.

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[harikiri]

I've pointed this out to several friends recently.

You're a teenager into shoot-em-ups.

Do you:
a) Spend $2 on that flash new arcade sniper game that may give you ten minutes play time at most; or
b) Spend $2-3 on an hour in a comfortable internet cafe playing one of several FPS games with email/web/etc there as well.

And considering that arcades are often located in areas where there are also internet cafe's, it's no wonder why they're losing out. The expense vs entertainment ratio is too high.

Re:Low # of Female Players?

[JavaLord]

Wrong.

People give online gaming far FAR too much credit. The vast majority of people who play videogames do not do so online; Either through PC or consoles. They play at home, or if they want to play multiplayer, with friends. Not online.

Yes, but people who played consoles outnumbered arcade gamers in 1994-1995 as well. What I'm saying is the people who played in the arcades for competition migrated to online gaming. I know quite a few competitive gamers from playing in various tournments on the east coast, as well as working at a few arcades and all of them play some type of online game now when I talk to them.

Maybe the guy who went to the arcade once a month to get a beer and play Mortal Kombat doesn't play games online, but odds are the guy who went there every day and dropped 5-10 dollars does and that is part of what killed the arcades.

Girls playing DDR

[mhesseltine]

So, if I see a girl on the DDR, she's either a virgin or a slut? 50/50? I like those odds!

Re:Girls playing DDR

[lubricated]

well you certainly can't loose.

Re:Girls playing DDR

[Anonymous Coward]

well you certainly can't loose.

If it's a slut, I'd be willing to bet a few quarters that it'll be "loose." =P

Re:Girls playing DDR

[Guppy06]

"So, if I see a girl on the DDR, she's either a virgin or a slut? 50/50?"

Yeah, just like your left hand versus your right hand.

Jealous?

[Anonymous Coward]

"We do tend to have a lot more guy players than girls, the only girls we ever get are people who either try it out once, or sluts who are trying to get a guy."

Or Jealous bitches. Gee, I wonder which one she is?

In all seriousness, I stopped playing ddr for two reasons. 1) The music sucks ass and 2) the people that play also suck ass.

While my local group of players may not be representational of the entire subculture, they did remind me of the old jock assholes from Highschool.

I was quite good at ddr. Did SSR/MANIAC/whatevertheyarecallednow with no problems. I actively encouraged others to play. Now it seems that being a beginner ddr player is a reason to ridicule someone. Sorry, no, Ill not be part of that group.

Re:Jealous?

[billcopc]

Me, I got out of DDR because of the community. At first it was fun, we had this little 'clique', everyone knew each other by nickname and there were perhaps a dozen of 'us'. Then the teenies got into it and brought along all the trouble that hormonally-confused teens represent. The whole scene turned into a sex-politics mess, people getting excluded from events because they had dumped so-and-so, or were fscking a non-DDR'er. It got really fricking WEIRD.

And then the arcade moved to a new location that's 10 miles farther and I just don't feel like driving 45 minutes to play a game. So I started playing occasionally at the local cinema, where there is no 'scene' and it's just a bunch of passers-by and amateurish kids drooling to death as they admire my lee+ s+epp!ng sk!LLz and ask in amazement "how can a fat fsck like you pull a max combo on that ?"

And then I kick the living poo out of them and sell their internals on ebay. Hence the absence of a 'scene'.

What about auto-generating step data?

[adler187]

Why not just analyze the music and create step data based on certain beats, patterns, etc... Don't they do this sort of thing in visualizations already? Granted, it won't be as good as hand created step data, since you can make it harder or easier depending on your preference. But then, you could just fine tune the data by editing it yourself.

DDR is a pretty cool game (especially to watch) except it can get very annoying after a while. Case in point, I was at the CPL in Dallas and they had a DDR2 machine set up close by. Not many people were playing it so it sat at the title screen with some annoying dj announcer guy repeating D-D-R over and over again. It is pretty cool to watch some of those guys dance, nut no matter how good any DDR player is I can't imagine they are better than this guy.

Re:What about auto-generating step data?

[silentbobdp]

Read the article. Konami's Goo Goo Soundy did this already; frankly the feature sucks, as a game creating steps on the fly can't take into account the physical requirements of the steps. Throwing down buttons to the beat just doesn't work, especially at the higher levels of the game. Patterns and logical use of the two feet have to be considered for the steps to be doable.

Re:What about auto-generating step data?

[MaufTarkie]

It is pretty cool to watch some of those guys dance, nut no matter how good any DDR player is I can't imagine they are better than this guy.

Amazing. Have you seen these? They combine both Pop'n Music and crazy freestyle dancing. Not as much button mashing, but funny to watch.

• popnmusic_freestyle.avi
• popnmusic_freestyle_4.avi
• popnmusic_freestyle_6.avi

You can find more DDR videos at the website this was linked from if you so wish. Some of them are pretty amazing (at least, I was amazed).

Re:What about auto-generating step data?

[billcopc]

Thank you for blowing my mind with that video. And for removing any shred of interest in me for PNM or Beatmania ever again. I thought I sucked only moderately, now I know there is no hope for this bemani enthusiast.

Re:What about auto-generating step data?

[the_ed_dawg]

Actually, two guys I went to school with made something like this for their senior design project. They used a Texas Instruments DSP with a beat detection algorithm to determine the beat of any CD you played. They were crazy DDR fanatics and (I think) mapped the dance moves to the patterns you commonly see in-game rather than dealing with it beat by beat. The only downside was that they needed the DSP and a 10 second latency while the CD was buffering to handle future beat changes.

South Park on DDR...

[feidaykin]

Heh... Gotta mention it. A few episodes back, Stan needed help for a dance competition and they go to an arcade to inlist the help of an asian DDR player.

*Stan and a goth watch as the asian kid dances frantically.*
Stan: Oh my god... he's really good.
Goth: He should be, he's spent like $6,000 on that thing.
*Asian kid stops playing, Stan approaches him.*
Stan: You're really good, kid... would you help me in my dance competition?
Asian kid: You mean dancing without a machine telling you what to do?

And as long as I'm trying to be funny, why not look at QDB on the subject of DDR, too.

Re:South Park on DDR...

[Anonymous Coward]

And as long as I'm trying to be funny, why not look at QDB on the subject of DDR, too.

meh

Now I know what the poster watches.

[Mr.Dippy]

Couldn't switch the channel to something else after the Simpsons and was forced to watch Malcom in the Middle and see the father do the DDR competition? It bothered you so much that you have to post a DDR article first thing Monday morning on Slasdot. Move along. Nothing to see here.

Your WRONG

[Anonymous Coward]

your wrong. It was a king of the hill rerun from last Thursday, bobby went to japan.

Re:Your WRONG

[Anonymous Coward]

That'd be "you're", dumbass.

Re:Your WRONG

[Sinistar2k]

And to make the AC a double-dumbass, Fox last night ran two episodes of the Simpsons followed by two episodes of Malcolm. So his statement that the original poster was wrong... is wrong.

Re:Your WRONG

[Asmor]

Wait, they had the king of the hill where they go to Japan last night too?!? I gotta wonder if that's not more than a coincidence.

DDR communites

[veganjay]

Honestly, the first article did not really give any new information, besides that something new is coming to DDR.

However, definitely check out the essay paper - there's some interesting stuff on 'DDR communities'. This is funny because some of the DDR players I've met were just discussing the same exact thing. We (us DDR players) have basically have met each other through the playing the game. Otherwise, we would have never met. In some sense, we participate in a DDR sub-culture, discussing the game and music, sharing tricks/techniques, talking about local heroes (people that can pass Paranoia Survivor Max Oni), etc.

Call it silly, but we even have DDR nicknames - I always play at 1.5X speed - thus I am "jason 1.5". Then there is a guy who disapproves of any mods in general, hence he is "captain anti-speed mod". (I suspect only DDR players will understand this!).

If you haven't played DDR, I definitely recommend it. Just try it on beginner mode in the arcade, or try it on xbox/ps2.

--
jason

what about arm motion ?

[dario_moreno]

Why don't they mix DDR with a gesture based game like "Eye Toy : Groove" ? Then you could really have a disco experience ! There is no way at the moment to check in which direction the body is turned, so all the salsa or rock'n'roll moves are usually wrong in comparison to the "real" ones (not to mention the lack of an opposite sex partner you can feel in your arms).

Re:what about arm motion ?

[skermit]

They've already got it:
http://www.channelbeat.com/products/dance/par a_par a__paradise_series.html

Re:what about arm motion ?

[curtisk]

re:para para paradise

watching a majority of the people that play that game is very interesting, most look like they are experiencing grand mal

Toss Karaoke Revolution in the mix and you have the complete entertainment package!

Re:what about arm motion ?

[dario_moreno]

what I meant was feet and hands at the same time..the machine shown on your link seems to be hands only.

Re:what about arm motion ?

[nekura]

Check out DanceManiax, which is both hands and feet.

Re:what about arm motion ?

[siobHan]

Or EZ2Dancer which is also both and a pretty cool game. The company went out of business though.

J

Re:what about arm motion ?

[TimeTrip]

I'd say about 99% of the time people play this game using only their hands. The only time someone uses their feet is if they're trying to be slightly creative. Its usually much easier to just use your hands.

Custom songs

[StocDred]

Having access to your personal music CDs is great, but coming up with your own step data for these songs is not so easy unless you are an expert player

They need to figure something out, because this would be terrific. Especially for people using the home game for exercise purposes and have gotten bored playing to the same stuff.

I am up for the challenge, Konami.

Re:Custom songs

[Sinistar2k]

Why not just use StepMania? Rip your own music, make your own steps, and dance to whatever you want.

Somebody over at the DDRFreak forums had even mentioned that they created a stepfile generator.

Realism

[Poster Nutbag]

I say the next development in DDR should be realism! Possible enhancmements include:

-Stick-o-matic floor to simulate drink spillings
-Automatic overpriced watered-down drink vending machine
-The Claustrophobinator(tm), a modification that brings down a heated padded wall to simulate crowd proximity
-Long bathroom lines

Re:Realism

[InferiorFloater]

not to mention ugly dudes trying to dry-hump you or box you out from their territory.

DDRFreak creators on-air next Sunday

[Anonymous Coward]

Just wanted to let you know that, through great coincidence, the creators of DDRFreak.com will be on my weekly radio show this coming Sunday (May 9th.) If anyone is interested in learning more about DDR and/or talking to them, you should listen to the show and call in to discuss Dance Dance Revolution and the music rhythm genre as a whole. The show can be heard on AM radio in Phoenix, AZ or through the internet anywhere in the world.

Just check out www.chatterboxgameshow.com for all the info on the show.

-Alon
The Host of ChatterBox

Piano

[metalhed77]

You've never seen anyone play a piano have you?

Mod Parent Up

[Pluvius]

I still play DDR, but this covers my thoughts about that quote exactly. Besides, you could easily say the same thing about most of the guys that try DDR.

I'm willing to bet that Lyra is one of those female anime otakus who couldn't imagine actually having sex with a real guy, so she's obsessed with yaoi drawings and Harry Potter slash fanfics.

Rob

Re:Mod Parent Up

[Anonymous Coward]

While we're being stereotypical, for every one of those female anime otakus, there are another ten smelly male anime otakus who dream about said female anime otakus.

There's someone out there for everyone. You seldomly see a female wandering an animecon alone, I bet.

Females are females... especially to horny smelly male otaku.

food for thought. ;)

Re:Mod Parent Up

[VGMSupreme]

You seldomly see a female wandering an animecon alone, I bet.

True, cause they are usually with other females. If they are walking around with a guy at all, usually that means the guy she is with is either

A) Childhood friend
B) Boyfriend

There are single females at those conventions, but it is the guys who are twice the girls age that are complaining about not finding female anime otaku to go out with.

Re:Mod Parent Up

[billcopc]

Fear me, for I am Andrew Dice Clay.

dunno much about DDR

[MORTAR_COMBAT!]

Except that if there was a gamecube release I'd buy it. I can always use more physical activity, and some XBox-owning friends swear by DDR for fitness.

Heavy saturation of imported machines

[cyrax777]

DId cause Konami to bascicly say "F*ck it" and not release anymore US only release's since USA the rest are all import units from either Japan or Korea. Also the articles 50 diffrent releases includes the home releases included the append disks were one still needs the original game. ah fun with techincallitys.

Re:Heavy saturation of imported machines

[cyrax777]

except for console versions that is US was the last offical arcade release state side.

Re:Heavy saturation of imported machines

[M3wThr33]

Konami's Coin-Op offices closed over two years ago. Pretty much every machine except for first mix and USA is imported "illegally" from Japan.

Re:Heavy saturation of imported machines

[Anonymous Coward]

In order to cut costs, Konami of America nixed their arcade division. That's why you see so many imported machines. Though they're really not supposed to be out of Japan for copyright reasons, Konami of America isn't losing any money over them and/or cannot provide localized machines. However, Konami of America still produces games for consoles, and that's why you see DDR games for the PS2 and XBox.

Konami's European arcade division is still alive and they still produce DDR games under the "Dancing Stage" moinker. Thus, Europe has less imported machines due to the fact that Konami of Europe could lose money from them.

Cool DDR play with 3 legs

[News for nerds]

Quicktime Movie

Mod Parent Up

[Anonymous Coward]

Wow, that started out interesting and ended up hillarious...

Ez2Dancer did this.

[Inoshiro]

It wasn't very popular at the arcade where it came in, as it had only 3 foot pads. However, it also had 2 "kick" pads (you kicked your foot or hands through a low sensor), and 2 "arm" pads (the top pair of the same sensors).

You can find out more over here.

The article is a bit late

[M3wThr33]

The only real games to come out are Party Collection, and Dancing Stage Unleashed. The releases are winding down. The last arcade release was December 25th, 2002.

It's even more sad how neglected the other games in the series are, like Beatmania and Keyboardmania. (Both now discontinued) Guitarfreaks and Drummania/Percussionfreaks found a niche.

My very reliable friend also told me that a DanceManiaX 3rd mix should be coming out soon, though, so not all hope is lost.

The latest arcade release of a dancing game, aside from PIU stuff would be In The Groove. /. had some article on it a couple months back. It's almost ready for release now.

Re:The article is a bit late

[UltimaL337Star]

PIU has had a few major recent release updates to the series, try searching for prex 3 or exceed

Re:The article is a bit late

[M3wThr33]

"The latest arcade release of a dancing game, aside from PIU stuff"

Prex3 is just a rehash of older versions anyway.

free clones

[Stallmanite]

I know of 2 freesource clones of DDR.

Stepmania seems to be the most popular of the two, but seems to depend on propriatary data ripped from DDR (which became an issue when someone tried to put it in debian).

Pydance only has 3 songs for it, but is otherwise ok.

TV show

[thebra]

you know its become a big thing when its a part of television shows. Just this weekend Malcom in the Middle did an episode where Hal (the father) competed against teenagers in Dance Dance Revolution competition (for free pizza tickets).

Re:TV show

[RotJ]

It (or a clone) was also featured in King of the Hill, the aforementioned South Park, and Lost in Translation (which had plenty of other bemani games in that arcade scene).

I saw that episode of Malcom last night...

[Anonymous Coward]

... and that was so obviously NOT a DDR machine that I must conclude that you're either blind, or an idiot.

Re:I saw that episode of Malcom last night...

[Mr.Dippy]

But it was based on a DDR machine. If they showed the DDR machine in the episode then they would have to pay royalties, etc.. Idiot. Your comment is pointless and you have forced to me to start calling individuals on an Internet forum an idiot. I feel dirty now.

Taking a Stance...

[Ieshan]

If you are at a small arcade they will usually replace a joystick if you ask nicely, the mall arcades often employ people who wouldn't even know how to change a joystick. They just give you your coins back, put the game out of order and tell whoever the tech is to fix it when he comes in that week.

Hey. I worked in a mall arcade. I could replace on a joystick on almost all the machines in the store [some had special locks or keys which prevented employee access]. That being said, you know why it wasn't done while we were on shift collecting your change and things? Time.

When there are 2 employees working the entire store, one can't take ~25 minutes and fix a single broken game out of a hundred or so. It's far more efficient for a tech-guy to come in for an 8 hour shift than it is for the entire store to be short handed every time something small breaks.

Bit harsh eh?

[UrQUan3]

*sigh* normally I can leave all the bitter cynics in the Linux debates and read fun stuff in the game section. So, ever tried games for entertainment?

My brother and his friends have becore rabid DDR fans, however since they live in a dorm, they have their own equipment.

He brought it home for new years and we took it to our church of all places for a new years party. I assure you, far more girls tried it than guys.

Now, I'm not too fond of the game. I'm so massively coordinated that I routinely walk into door frames, but I'll try anything for awhile.

One last thing. (flameing I suppose) If you're *not* a freak among otaku, how do you know about girls obsessing over little known anime characters like Yaoi?

Ok, I'm done now.

Re:Bit harsh eh?

[Pluvius]

So, ever tried games for entertainment?

Maybe you should ask that question to people like Lyra who have utter disdain for gaming neophytes.

If you're *not* a freak among otaku, how do you know about girls obsessing over little known anime characters like Yaoi?

I wasn't talking about a character.

Rob (Someone actually named a character "Yaoi"? That's hilarious)

DDR papers from Stanford

[Liebenwalde]

We've had several excellent papers on DDR, esp. the excellent paper on the introduction of the game in the U.S. by David Liu. You can find the papers which we have permission to make available at our project archives here: http://hpslab.stanford.edu:16080/projects/HTGG/mai n.html Follow the Archives tab.

What I've seen so far...

[Mizerable]

DDR itself has been through a various number of changes and it still goes through more now. I can only read of the past,but I'm part of its future now. I've been playing for about 5 months now, getting used to all difficulties,but I can't do any of that stuff like tricks and such, but I'm an active casual/arcade/computer(stepmania) player. Its good to see the community grow,but its also sad to see when the machines don't get used =\.

In the city I live, there is a DDR Solo 2000 machine,only has one pad instead of two, at a family pizza place. Seeing how the other machine closest to me,DDR Max2 7th mix, is a city away, I sometimes go to play the Solo 2000 machine. When I get there, usually I see the norm of little kids trying to jump up and down on it, and act like they dance to it.Other than that,no one else touches it. I sit down with food and then immediately go up to play it. I notice that people watch me play it,and obviously hear it, due to the metal pad,but they can't hear the music,due to the crowd and the machine volume turned down. Other than that, few people rarely touch it that can play it.

On the other hand,when I go to play the 7th mix machine, I see people from all races step up and play,not trying to stereotype,but asians being the best ^^ Maybe I can fix that one day.Anywho, I see various people play it from time to time,when I'm not on it myself. Its good to see DDR gaining slight media attention on various television shows, like South Park,and Malcom in the Middle, but its great that it still can hold up its underground competitive scene. I live in South Carolina in the US,and my city of Sumter won't seem to gain anymore players anytime soon ^^;

I await DDR's future changes and innovations with awe and inspiration.

-Mizerable