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Gas Plasma Antennas Help Wi-Fi Security

mindless4210 writes "Markland Technologies has developed a new gas plasma antenna technology which could help to secure wireless networks. The technology allows for highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators. A plasma antenna can reposition itself at very high speeds, as well as change it's beamwidth and bandwidth, creating spatial and spectral security features which are not presently available with conventional WiFi antenna technology."

163 comments

  1. Now you see it...... by erick99 · · Score: 5, Informative
    This is a very cool technology. This antenna essentially "disappears" when it is not being used, making it fairly "stealthy". And, while a traditional metal rod or dish antenna is "cut" to a specific or very narrow range of frequencies, it would appear that the gas plasma antenna can essentially reconfigure itself to rapidly change frequencies. As a ham radio operator, I can really appreciate how useful that could be.

    Happy Trails!

    Erick

    --
    http://www.busyweather.com/
    1. Re:Now you see it...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This antenna essentially "disappears" when it is not being used, making it fairly "stealthy" ... As a ham radio operator, I can really appreciate how useful that could be.

      as a pirate radio operator, I can appreciate it too!

    2. Re:Now you see it...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      This antenna essentially "disappears"

      And so will the VC money.

    3. Re:Now you see it...... by nacturation · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Queue up the "bah! security through obscurity never works" posts. :)

      I agree though, this is really fricking cool. With the right controls, you could make it so that the antenna characteristics change over time according to a pattern known only to those posessing the corresponding private key. Interception is harder and, even if it is intercepted, you could theoretically use this as one additional encryption layer.

      --
      Want to improve your Karma? Instead of "Post Anonymously", try the "Post Humously" option.
    4. Re:Now you see it...... by Carnildo · · Score: 1, Funny

      I can see the "Post Anonymously" option, but where do I find the "Post Humously" option?

      Why? Is there Slashdot after death?

      --
      "They redundantly repeated themselves over and over again incessantly without end ad infinitum" -- ibid.
    5. Re:Now you see it...... by nacturation · · Score: 1

      Better damn well be! How else will I know when to let them thaw my brain for resuscitation?

      --
      Want to improve your Karma? Instead of "Post Anonymously", try the "Post Humously" option.
    6. Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 2, Informative

      It certainly seems like a cool technology, but I'm not sure how it would apply to WiFi - or even Ham for that matter. Yes, a tight beam antenna will provide some slight level of added security (while not substituting for encryption) there is the issue of power requirement - you need to create that plasma - fuel requirement - the gas you're ionizing - and the shielding requirements. The first one is a killer for portable devices (the usual application for this technology - if you're running a desktop, wires are dramatically more secure), while the second two add size and weight to the device. Both Bad Things (tm) for a portable device.

      For an amature radio application, I'm not sure where it was frequency agile. Being able to alter the pattern and available bandwidth don't mean it's also changing it's resonant length - which is what we're usually concerned with when setting up a multi-band antenna. 1/4 wavelength at 20M is still a 5M antenna. Plasma or not, it's gonna be fairly big.

      From the pictures in the article, it looked like they were using the plasma to replace the reflector in a conventional antenna, rather than using it as the driven element. That's something the military would probably love (stealthy antennas) but that wouldn't have much practical use for WiFi.

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    7. Re:Now you see it...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators

      in article it says gas plasma

      plasma is closer to gas I guess, so really, that seems like a big mambo-jumbo of words picked out a physics textbook for some research group to gain publicity

      "Of coarse we cannot manufacture such devices because the technology is too new........" blah blah blah

      Just wait until they'll sell you a portable cold-fusion lapodi driven by Flugence-Marcol effect ... You figure out what it does.

      ~omi

    8. Re:Now you see it...... by dbateman · · Score: 1

      A whip antenna (or rod as you call it) as you say is tuned to a specific frequency which relate to the standing wave that is generated at the resonant frequency of the antenna. However a parabolic antenna (or dish as you call it) is based on simple geometric optics and is entirely frequency independent (upto certain limits). It is the feed of a parabolic antenna that is frequency dependent, and I've personally been involved in design groups working on feeds covering 5 to 10 octaves of bandwidth.

      D.

    9. Re:Now you see it...... by Allen+Zadr · · Score: 1
      They mention stealth while "not in use", yet, while in use... Plasma sources can be, XENON, ARGON, NEON... All of which are REALLY BRIGHT. For "stealth" that would be useless.

      Holy shit, sir. Did you see that bright bluish light over there, it lasted for 5 seconds then blinked out. I must have been seeing things.

      --
      Kinetic stupidity has a new brand leader: Allen Zadr.
  2. Sounds great. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    In fact it sounds too good to be true.

    Oh wait. I see. It's a press release from a startup company. Never mind.

    1. Re:Sounds great. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      All smoke and mirrors.

    2. Re:Sounds great. by nacturation · · Score: 1

      Yeah, and the bastards even patented it. Damn those evil patents... and for such a trivial idea as plasma + modulation = antenna!

      --
      Want to improve your Karma? Instead of "Post Anonymously", try the "Post Humously" option.
    3. Re:Sounds great. by Tlosk · · Score: 1

      Oh I see, so all start ups fail, all ideas that sound wonderful must be false.

      There's a huge difference between healthy skepticism and brain dead cynicism.

      Maybe it makes no difference to you, but knowing abount new technologies that have the potential to be an inflection point for multiple device technologies is something that I at least want to be aware of.

  3. If you reconfigure the modulators by Neil+Blender · · Score: 5, Funny

    And verify the heisenberg compensators, it could just possibly work. You might need to check out the lateral sensor array though.

    1. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by FrYGuY101 · · Score: 0, Redundant

      Yeah, but if you modify the main deflectors to channel a modified photon torpedo blast, you could cause the power conduits to emit a... damn. Ran out of Treknobabble...

      --
      "If we let things terrify us, life will not be worth living."

      - Seneca
    2. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by sharkey · · Score: 0

      Too bad it'll likely require 1.21 jiggawatts of power to reach out past a few feet.

      --

      --
      "Outlook not so good." That magic 8-ball knows everything! I'll ask about Exchange Server next.
    3. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by ZeroConcept · · Score: 1

      Make sure to re-route the plasma conduits through auxiliary power. Othewrise the load might damage the life-support systems on decks eight and nine.

    4. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by Lord+Kano · · Score: 1

      You might need to check out the lateral sensor array though.

      If you reconfigure the primary deflector array into an interplexing beacon, you can avoid that problem entirely.

      LK

      --
      "Hi. This is my friend, Jack Shit, and you don't know him." - Lord Kano
    5. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by Doubting+Thomas · · Score: 1

      Yes, but if you go this route, be sure to reverse the polarity of the neutron flow. (Favorite. Bad. Star Trek. Line. Ever.)

      --
      Just because it works, doesn't mean it isn't broken.
    6. Re:If you reconfigure the modulators by wideBlueSkies · · Score: 2, Funny

      Data: "We could in theory recalibrate the sensor array to emit a high yield narrow range transmission of pirated music, and pr0n. All we have to do is phase the output of the array using a plasma mix. This should overload the Romulan's wardriving software."

      Riker: (looks interested but clueless)

      Worf: Sir, there is no honour in this. Let me go over there and rip their PDA's from their little haxor hands.

      Picard: (as clueless as Riker, but forced to make a decision). "No Mr. Worf. We must do this without violence. Mr. Data, proceed with your plan..whatever it is."

      Data: "Aye Sir"

      Worf: "To think I gave up being the Klingon Head Of State, only to come back here and take orders from the bald guy"

      wbs.

      --
      Huh?
  4. My brain hurts by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    So which is the solid-state part? I'm picuring a generator that creates the plasma antenna beam...close?

    1. Re:My brain hurts by erick99 · · Score: 5, Informative
      --
      http://www.busyweather.com/
    2. Re:My brain hurts by Adriax · · Score: 2

      It looks like a rack of florescent lights to me...

      --
      I don't suffer from insanity, I enjoy every minute of it!
    3. Re:My brain hurts by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1
      They do a pretty good job explaining it here.

      404 File Not Found

      Doesn't really help me understand anything...

    4. Re:My brain hurts by pluvia · · Score: 2

      Wow, a +5 informative, and no one clicked the link. I'm impressed.

    5. Re:My brain hurts by pluvia · · Score: 4, Informative

      Dangit, I forgot to correct the link in my previous comment, sorry.

    6. Re:My brain hurts by ozbon · · Score: 1

      That'd be http://www.marklandtech.com/gasplasma.html, to get to the correct page.

      --
      I say we take off and nuke it from orbit. It's the only way to be sure...
    7. Re:My brain hurts by bev_tech_rob · · Score: 1

      A fluorescent light is basically the same thing. A tube of energized plasma.

      --
      You're messin' with my Zen Thing, man.....
  5. Are We Ready for This? by cupofjoe · · Score: 2, Informative

    Hello, high voltage. It's one thing to put "phased array" antennas on naval vessels, but entirely another to put them in a house. Not to mention the voltage difference needed to generate the plasma.

    Fluorescent bulbs use this sort of principle, too - surely our new gas-plasma antennas aren't to be made of glass?

    Hrm. Perhaps they are.

    1. Re:Are We Ready for This? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, if you visit their website you will find that their prototypes are indeed made of glass, or some other transparent material, and that they glow. They will probably use something less fragile than glass for their production models.

    2. Re:Are We Ready for This? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There are such things as low-temperature plasmas. Just look at a Cathode Ray Tube -- it works off that principle, as do those "plasma globes" you can buy at Radio Shack and Spencers.

    3. Re:Are We Ready for This? by theo2520 · · Score: 0

      The glass on the fluorescent bulbs is so you can see the light - granted, glass may be needed for reactivity issues, but it need not be exposed.

      Then again, you would have people removing the protection to see the plasma - heck, I know I would...

    4. Re:Are We Ready for This? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      "surely our new gas-plasma antennas aren't to be made of glass?
      I, for one, welcome our new gas-plasma antenna overlords.
  6. They forgot the best feature of all by nizo · · Score: 5, Funny

    The entertainment value when someone walks up and says, "hey whats this thing..." followed by screams as their hand disappears after touching the new flashy glowing thingy.

  7. creating spatial and spectral security features by FreeLinux · · Score: 3, Funny

    My BS alarm just tripped and I can't seem to stop it.

    1. Re:creating spatial and spectral security features by PrometheuSx11 · · Score: 1

      just think how much more sensitive it'd be with a plasma anntennae.

      --
      --------------------- Turn evil by smiling.
    2. Re:creating spatial and spectral security features by pclminion · · Score: 4, Informative
      Just because you don't understand the "big words" doesn't mean they're meaningless.

      Spatial security == the beam goes where you want, as opposed to all over the place.

      Spectral security == the edges of the beam spectrum are very well defined, with very little "spill" into neighboring frequencies.

    3. Re:creating spatial and spectral security features by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Spatial security == the beam goes where you want, as opposed to all over the place

      I've got a great new technology for achieving spatial security. It guarantees that my Ethernet frames go exactly where I want, and can't be snooped outside my house.

      Spectral security

      My great new technology also avoids generating a lot of RF outside its proper spectrum, as well as resists interference from outside.

      My great new technology is called CAT 5 cable.

    4. Re:creating spatial and spectral security features by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Oh, yeah, well I've got Catetegory 5e cable. So, I'm more secure than you are!

      But my "super-secret-secure" method is hand delivered messages written in Zentradi... And other meaningless off-topic garbage.

      --
      Once AC Troll deserves Another

  8. Directional arials... by jd · · Score: 1, Insightful

    ...are nothing new. What is new is that this is a "virtual" arial. IMHO, this has wide-ranging applications. For a start, virtual radio telescopes could be of practically unlimited size, by this arrangement. No physical surface to mess up on.

    --
    It's a small world and it smells funny; I'd buy another if it wasn't for the money; Take back what I paid (SoM)
    1. Re:Directional arials... by pclminion · · Score: 3, Informative
      Why do you say "virtual?" The antenna is just as real as a metal wire, the only difference is that the positive charges in a plasma are free to move, whereas in a metal the positive charges are locked in the lattice.

      Just because it's not a solid doesn't make it spooky or virtual...

      virtual radio telescopes could be of practically unlimited size, by this arrangement.

      Not really, since the plasma has to be kept "hot" and at low pressures in order to prevent it from recombining back into "normal" uncharged matter again. A device capable of maintaining such a large plasma would require enormous amounts of power and maintainence.

    2. Re:Directional arials... by Adriax · · Score: 2, Interesting

      With the high speed directional capabilities it claims to have, you could set two of these up at a known distance apart and use them to quickly triangulate every wi-fi client within range.
      That would be one hell of a security measure, alerting security to the exact location of every wi-fi client not in a known approved area.

      --
      I don't suffer from insanity, I enjoy every minute of it!
    3. Re:Directional arials... by aceat64 · · Score: 1

      Wouldn't you need three of them to triangulate? Having just two scanners would still leave you with two possible locations.

    4. Re:Directional arials... by aceat64 · · Score: 1

      Damn I'm stupid, you could do it with a single unit since it's a fast moving, directional antenna; it's only with omni-directional antennas that you need to triangulate. Although a good system would have an omni-directional antenna scanning for clients, and when it detects one it give the gas-plasma antenna the range at which it found the client, and then the gas-plasma antenna can do a quick search of that area.

  9. Access points by kinzillah · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This is a great idea if it works. But if its all directional, how would you have an access point serving many clients? Unless the access point used (an) omnidirectional antenna(s), there would need to be multitudes of these to track each client.

    --
    Douglas P. Price
    1. Re:Access points by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I recently spent some time looking at this exact problem for a phased array steerable antenna. The main selling point of that system was increased range/speed, rather than security but the issues are basically the same.

      The answer was that dynamically steered antennas and 802.11 access points don't mix. This is not really an antenna technology or application specific issue but more of a fundamental conflict with the way that 802.11 is designed to work.

      We concluded that you could get a setup like this to work with an access point that only ever talks to one user at a time, provided that the user doesn't move around. The minute that you get motion, or multiple users, the whole scheme falls apart.

  10. Markland Technologies by metlin · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Who the hell are these guys?

    Their other products in the emerging technologies section include Acoustic Core - detecting illicit materials using their acoustic signatures, Vapour Trace - a way to search cargo for contraband materials and Crypto.Com - a double cipher keyless transmission system.

    Thats a lot of cool science and technology for a relatively unheard of company, not to mention their technologies in the Border Security and Chemical Detection systems.

    I had read a while back about the CIA and US Govt investing in startups - I think its quite possible that these guys are probably funded thus :)

    Kinda cool yet spooky.

    1. Re:Markland Technologies by treerex · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I had read a while back about the CIA and US Govt investing in startups - I think its quite possible that these guys are probably funded thus :)

      In-Q-Tel makes no secret of the companies it invests in, though they are very careful with their money and perform a lot of due-diligence before making any investment. And to be pedantic, In-Q-Tel is not a Governmental agency, they just happen to concentrate their activity based on the needs of the Defense-Intelligence community. The company I work for is one of those that In-Q-Tel has invested in.

      There are lots of programs in the Department of Defence that companies can apply to in order to get research money: you just need to know which back to scratch and get yourself noticed.

    2. Re:Markland Technologies by WryCoder · · Score: 1
      Who the hell are these guys?

      They don't appear to have any crypto experts on their management team.

      They seem to be trying (and failing) to register Matt Blaze's long-standing crypto.com url as a trademark. They use crypto.com in their documentation as if they owned the url. I don't see a link between Blaze and Markland, but perhaps there is one, although Markland seems to have picked up the Crypto.Com from their subsidiary ERGO Systems, which has been involved in port security for Homeland Security.

      They

    3. Re:Markland Technologies by enosys · · Score: 2, Informative

      Thanks for pointing out their other stuff. IMHO it discredits them. The Vapour Trace technology certainly isn't new, and I doubt that Acoustic Core could compete with the scanners that are already out there. As for a keyless cipher, I don't see how you could do cryptography without keys except if it's quantum cryptography or something like that. Security thorough obscurity?

    4. Re:Markland Technologies by metlin · · Score: 1

      Actually, their core contribution the Vapour Trace seems to be the development of some inhouse automatic sensors, embedded into polymer-like material.

      They have a powerpoint on their Vapour Trace site that talks about how they have developed a new polymer that can detect contraband, while the material itself can be queried using RF signals.

      I have not checked, but they seem to project this as a major step in vapour trace technology, and they may quite possibly have some patents to this end - I'm assuming, ofcourse! :)

      I do not know much about the Acoustic Core technology per se. But the thing is even if their technology is not quite effective, it would not be too hard to convince the policing folks about how their "new" technology could help use the govt's paranoia in detecting stuff.

      And as far as your question on Cryptography goes, I think they are suggesting something like a central server that would host the keys at runtime that you will run your data through. That's not something I would trust, but you never know what top managements would buy :)

      Ideally it would not be keyless, merely runtime generated pads for data transfer of any kind (voice/information etc).

      I guess you are right, in a sense it would be security through obscurity. But all it takes is one subpoena and they are toast. Not unless they are in the Island of Kinakuta ;-)

    5. Re:Markland Technologies by metlin · · Score: 1

      Ah, thank you.

      I was somehow under the impression that they would not really make their investments public, but I see no reason why they should not, so it makes sense.

      I was not aware that In-Q-Tel was a seperate entity in itself, I always thought of it as being an arm of the CIA.

      There are lots of programs in the Department of Defence that companies can apply to in order to get research money: you just need to know which back to scratch and get yourself noticed.

      Just out of curiosity, any that you can think of off the top of your head? :)

    6. Re:Markland Technologies by treerex · · Score: 1

      Just out of curiosity, any that you can think of off the top of your head? :)

      Well, DARPA Solicitations is a good place to look.

    7. Re:Markland Technologies by metlin · · Score: 1

      Funny thing is that Matt does talk about a company called Crypto.Com, Inc.

      Is Eurotech related to these guys, or is something really fishy here? :)

    8. Re:Markland Technologies by andy_shepard · · Score: 1

      I love the smell of vaporware in the morning.

    9. Re:Markland Technologies by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's some greedy jerks from the future, trying to make a quick buck with tech they still don't understand.

  11. I can see it now by MilkmanIAC · · Score: 5, Funny

    Picture of a wide-eyed 'generic business person" with big print on the billboard that reads "Got Gas? If not, you're wireless network isn't secure."

  12. I can generate my own gas plasma antenna... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    ...if I eat enough Pringles.

    1. Re:I can generate my own gas plasma antenna... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You should really stop eating pringles if they make you bleed when you fart...

  13. Lamest security claim of the century? by ChiralSoftware · · Score: 5, Interesting
    What good is a directional beam if it hits some radio-reflective object and bounces somewhere else? Also, even if the beam is 99% directional, sensitive or very close receivers could still pick up the 1% that leaks. A security system that is 99% effective is not much better than a system which is 10% effective. Without solid encryption and authentication built-in to the protocol, directional broadcasting is useless. With solid encryption and authentication built-in to the protocol, directional broadcasting doesn't add anything.

    The one place where this could have some good security uses is for undetectable transmission, which is probably interesting to the military.

    Of course, directional broadcasting has a whole set of real benefits, such as getting more bandwidth by allowing more transmitters in the same region, minimizing interference, minimizing radiation output, etc. But to call this a security feature? I guess the "everything good is a security feature" is the parallel to "everything bad is terrorist" idea which seems popular lately.

    -----------
    Create a WAP server

    1. Re:Lamest security claim of the century? by Geoff-with-a-G · · Score: 1

      A security system that is 99% effective is not much better than a system which is 10% effective

      Actually, it's 89% better, which is a lot. If you think there is any security system that is 100% effective, you're naive.

      There are assumptions like "if the intruder can do [X], then they can break in" and to improve your security you try to make [X] exceptionally difficult and unlikely. If you're really good, you can narrow [X] down to "knows the password", but even that isn't good enough for most organizations. Even password protected machines are usually placed behind firewalls, so that random people distributed out in the world can't even communicate with the machine in question.

      That's analogous to the directional transmission: it adds a physical necessity, much as the "behind the firewall" and "local network vs. internet" layout adds the necessity of being phyisically in the building (assuming the firewall and VPN are well-secured). Yes, it's true, if the machines on the internal network have no password protection at all and allow anonymous logins from any addresses, then they are still unsecure and exposed to attack, but that doesn't mean that the firewall adds no security value.


    2. Re:Lamest security claim of the century? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The guy meant what he said. It adds practically no security value.

  14. Military applications by Inigo+Soto · · Score: 2, Informative

    According to their site, plasma antennas are interesting for short-pulse applications, such as radar, IFF... Wifi is not mentioned, just a vague "high speed data communications" after a wealth of military applications.

    1. Re:Military applications by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Don't forget ultra wide-band.

  15. Vaporware by Wise+Dragon · · Score: 4, Insightful

    So aside from being, literally, vaporware (laugh here, serious point next.), how does this technology compete with phased array systems such as those by Vivato? I understand the value of phased arrays are that they can focus the output into an extremely narrow beam and send it to just the right place. I Am Not A Physicist, but it seems like solid state electronics are a *little* bit simpler than plasma to work with!

    And safer.

    1. Re:Vaporware by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The article implies that their system can sweep faster.

    2. Re:Vaporware by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You got it!.

      Seems to be nothing but a market gimmick to lure
      the goverment funds and innocent investors.

      I do not think that a plasma could be as good
      as one that employs physical conductors(such as
      phased array technology with solid state switching).

      The technology is not Vaporware but Plasmaware(
      using charged vapors!).

    3. Re:Vaporware by Tlosk · · Score: 4, Informative

      Because of the speed with which they can revert to nonplasma state they can prevent ringing and other artifacts inherent to metal antennae, increasing the fidelity and reliability as well as the signal processing logic on the receiving end.

      There's also the weight and size issue, with the plasma coming in both lighter and smaller to an equivalent conventional one.

      But you're right of course that it will be a while or perhaps never that it will be just as easy or easier to work with plasma. So you might not see one on a $10 walkman, but that's not to say that there aren't a lot of applications where the benefits would afar outweight the difficulty.

    4. Re:Vaporware by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How fast could be a plasma extinguished!
      Not any faster than the nanosecond solidstate
      switching.

    5. Re:Vaporware by fredistheking · · Score: 1

      Lighter and smaller? Please. A microstrip array such as this only weights a few ounces and is easily built using a conventional circuit board. Also, the electrical phase and hence the 2 angles of the beam can easily be manipulated with a simple phase shifting circuit.

      By the way, you can pretty much get the beamwidth as tight as you want by adding more array elements, I think 10 or so elements will give you back lobes of -40dB or 1% of the main beam.

      Microstrip phased arrays are the way to go, they are cheaper and can provide whatever directivity and beamwidth is needed.

      -

    6. Re:Vaporware by DF5JT · · Score: 1

      This article is about antenna arrays:

      Greetings from Tokyo and all the members of TIARA (Tokyo International Amateur Radio Association). I know I promised you a series of articles on Japanese amateur radio, but there is something so exciting I just have to take a break and tell you about it.

      It all started with the work that Ed Coan (AH7L/7J1AAE) did on antenna pattern plotting using his personal computer and the A-to-D converter in his FT-1000. The circular, and even backward antenna patterns of some of our local TIARA club members brought home the point that what a good station needs is a good antenna. Ed's antenna looks great and the results verify it. He works regular schedules into Colorado and Maine, just like sunspots don't mean anything. My mini-beam just could not compare.

      Well, I got to thinking about what we Tokyo apartment dwellers could do and realized that space is THE problem. How do you fit a full-sized beam on a balcony? Loading coils are the answer and the problem at the same time -- the antenna radiation resistance drops as reactance is substituted for length. High current loops develop and the power is dissipated in the antenna instead of being radiated. If only the antenna didn't dissipate the power. Hmmm....let's see, P=E2 /R; now if R were 0 then...

      From my work, I have some contacts in research groups over at Tokyo University. Better yet, I knew a Japanese ham that is a graduate student there. The thought running through my head was to build a super-conducting antenna. This requires cryogenics, i.e. temperatures around minus 279 degrees Centigrade. I was able get the university folks interested in the project and we built a 10-meter dipole test silicon wafer. They put together a lot of serial coils by "re-work" on the wafer; they were able to connect them so we had a super-conducting yagi. I took my TS-930 transceiver down to the lab for the first tests, but before we could test it, actual measurements showed it was resonant on 3.126 MHz. It seems that the normal equations for inductance don't work with super-conducting materials -- you need a lot fewer turns to get the same results compared to room temperature. Many measurements and trials later, we had a ten-meter resonant wafer. This time we put a 40-element beam on each wafer and stacked 4 wafers in the same assembly. That made a 160-element array on 10-meters in less than a half-foot cube (15 cm3).

      The first test didn't go too well. I connected my TS-930 to the super-conducting wafer antenna and tuned it for 10 meters. At room temperature, we couldn't hear anything. Using a heat pump, the lab technicians started lowering the antenna's temperature toward the super-conducting region. I was really impressed by how small the equipment is, and started thinking it might all fit in the shack. Just then, the TS-930 froze solid, which had a negative effect on its operating characteristics. This wouldn't be so easy after all; the coax connection would need some study!

      We reworked the wafers to put inductive coupling on them, but I could find no way to efficiently couple to it from the conducting array. Fortunately the lab technicians came up with a new ceramic material that passed RF but not heat. Probably, something that Kyocera invented just for this use. I sent the TS-930 to the ham shop in Akihabara and asked them to touch it up for me. My friend Suzuki-San, JH1WWC (store manager at the ham shop), asked exactly how the paint had been peeled off around the coax connector -- lightning maybe? No, I assured him -- just low temperature exposure, without saying how low the temperatures were. The project had to stay secret and besides, Suzuki-San can repair anything!

      Since it looked like it might be a while before the TS-930 would be repaired, I brought out my TS-940. I had already placed an order for a Yaesu FT-1000 anyway. After verifying that in the super-conducting range the antenna was resonant on 10-meters, we connected the TS-940. The ceramic material worked and the rig opera

  16. I need to get one of those. by Rolo+Tomasi · · Score: 2, Funny

    I just hope it won't interfere with my Vortex Field Generator or detune my Resonance Cascade.

    --
    Did you know you can fertilize your lawn with used motor oil?
    1. Re:I need to get one of those. by bigjnsa500 · · Score: 1

      Don't forget the trusty Flux Capacitor ;)

      --
      This is a test. This is a test of the emergency sig system. This has been only a test.
  17. Great! by b1t+r0t · · Score: 1

    Now I won't have to get an antenna rotator to get a good OTA HDTV signal!

    --

    --
    "Open source is good." - Steve Jobs
    "Open source is evil." - Microsoft
  18. If it works, why this application? by Animats · · Score: 2, Interesting
    If this thing actually worked, they'd be selling it for applications that really need steerable directionality, like radars and satellite receivers. If they're selling it for "homeland security", it's probably not that good.

    The "war on terror" is turning into a pork program.

    1. Re:If it works, why this application? by addaon · · Score: 1

      The "war on terror" is turning into a pork program.

      See the bright side of it... maybe it means the talking heads are realizing the "war on drugs" is dead.

      --

      I've had this sig for three days.
  19. would you believe a flame speaker? by ch-chuck · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Not rf from plasma, but audio

    --
    try { do() || do_not(); } catch (JediException err) { yoda(err); }
    1. Re:would you believe a flame speaker? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yup. I like the ones that generate their own plasma flame. (google around for plasma tweeter)

    2. Re:would you believe a flame speaker? by Alien+Being · · Score: 1

      There was a company that sold plasma speakers back in the seventies. Google for "Hill Plasmatronics".

  20. I imagine the hot light at a KrispyKreme by Sir_Dill · · Score: 1
    Hot Fresh Wifi while this light is lit!

    I wonder if the technology can be retrofitted to existing Neon signs. One of the main drawbacks to wifi is its relatively limited range and the cost of a decent antenna(cantennas excluded as these really aren't viable from an enterprise or business standpoint....think permenant installation)

    If every neon sign could be used as an antenna...think of all the coverage we could have. Vegas could work with Intel(centrino) to become the first unwired city. Get all the hotels/casinos to chip in and boom. free wifi.

  21. What about signal gain? by mikejz84 · · Score: 1

    Hmm... so if the plasma antenna has variable beam width I wonder what that does for the gain of the antenna--It could replace very large traditional parabolic dishes on the transmit end. This could be great for mobile SNG satellite uplink, and also in space communications, that of course depends on the power requirements.

  22. First impression by Thng · · Score: 1
    My first impression when they mentioned the directional plasma was something kind of like this.

    Yeah, so it was a long day at work..

  23. So how do you steer it??? by EmbeddedJanitor · · Score: 3, Funny

    If it is steerable, then it needs some idea of the direction to steer to. This could be done in a location-based way (eg. GPS) or by tracking signal strengths etc. But basically it means that to use this you will be giving away some idea of your position. It will be like the finger of God pointing at you: "There's the bloke viewing pron".

    --
    Engineering is the art of compromise.
    1. Re:So how do you steer it??? by Adriax · · Score: 1

      Forget that, remember the wifi locator bracelets they're giving to kids in legoland? Using these things you could pinpoint your kid's exact location.

      Would also work if you compared triangulation data of two of these against a map of wireless authorized zones, then just send security after every client not in an approved zone.

      --
      I don't suffer from insanity, I enjoy every minute of it!
    2. Re:So how do you steer it??? by Mateito · · Score: 1

      > It will be like the finger of God pointing at
      > you: "There's the bloke viewing pron".

      And since when did God get upset a having somebody admire the perfect breasts of his creation?

    3. Re:So how do you steer it??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hah! Trick question, because God does not exist.

    4. Re:So how do you steer it??? by Mateito · · Score: 1

      And even if he did, he is only indirectly responsable for most porn-star breasts.

      (Genesis 1:1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. And the earth was largely composed of sand, which is chock full of silicon. And Man saw the silicon and said "Cool. I could make a great pair of hooters out of that")

    5. Re:So how do you steer it??? by Have+Blue · · Score: 1

      You're emitting radiation in every direction around you when you use standard wireless gear. If this antenna puts out a relatively tight beam, then the observer would have to actually be in the beam's path to detect it, and that still only reduces your location to anywhere on a line instead of anywhere in an area.

  24. Is that all? by AaronStJ · · Score: 3, Funny

    Highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators? Is that all? Heck, I've got, like, four or five solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators providing highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission in my car. Highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators aren't that big of a deal.

    --
    Stupid like a fox!
    1. Re:Is that all? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generators aren't that big of a deal."

      But *this* highly directive and electronically steerable digital data transmission via solid-state semi conductor based plasma generator goes to e-le-ven.

  25. solution in search of a problem by hak1du · · Score: 4, Interesting

    We know how to make WiFi secure: with secure protocols and encryption. When the responsible standards bodies don't screw up badly (as they did with 802.11), it works fine. A somewhat directional antenna may or may not increase security slightly, but not at an interesting cost/performance ratio. If you really want additional security at the physical level, use laser or even quantum communications.

    This company has a solution in search of a problem, and they are trying to drum up businesses. Plasma antennas are interesting for 1960's style radio transmissions and stealth, but they have little significance to 21st century wireless communications.

    1. Re:solution in search of a problem by Geoff-with-a-G · · Score: 1

      A somewhat directional antenna may or may not increase security slightly, but not at an interesting cost/performance ratio.

      I agree that this is not efficient for low-end security, and thus will almost certainly not be implemented in home APs or even most corporate networks, but there are some organizations (think CIA/NSA/Army) who have applied a large amount of cost already, and are happy to get more performance even at extreme price. Yes, secure protocols and encryption are a much more efficent way to prevent people inserting themselves into your communication, but they don't prevent someone from recording all your transmissions and cracking them later, using massive resources (again, think NSA).

      Given a choice of "$200 buys you 80% security, $2,000 buys you 90%, and $2,000,000,000 buys you 99%" most home users will pick the $200 option and most companies will pick the $2,000 option. That doesn't mean there's nobody who picks the two billion dollar option.


  26. Is it just me, or is this stuff AWESOME? by bennomatic · · Score: 1
    I like to think of myself as a jaded techie, as are most of us here at /., I assume. But sometimes these little leaps in technology turn into BIG leaps, and it makes me wonder just how far forward we're going to go in my lifetime.

    And the good news is that so many of these technologies have as many uses for good as they do for evil!

    --
    The CB App. What's your 20?
    1. Re:Is it just me, or is this stuff AWESOME? by Dr.+Null · · Score: 1

      Medium to midland Awesome.

      This technology has been known for years. The problem is noise from the plasma and self-modulation. It is true that Plasma is conducting, and can reflect Electromagnetic waves below the "plasma frequency". The problem is that the plasma frequency cutoff is proportional to the electron density in the plasma and Boy do you have to have a lot of electrons to be a good reflector at modern communications frequencies. Every one knows that the Ionosphere makes HF radio skip over long distances, but you do not worry about skips for TV, or WIFI. That is because you need very high-density plasma to reflect these frequencies. The electron density in a Neon tube, or Fluorescent tube is relatively low ( a good thing). You can get some reflections all the way up into the GHz but it is small (back in college I tried to make a passive police radar scrambler with Xenon Flash Tubes... not good enough) .On top of this, the low-density plasma is HOT.... thousands of deg C. Good thing there is not much to it. As was pointed out in other posts, the hot plasma radiates its own radio noise. In addition to radiated noise (here is the kicker), the statistical fluctuations in the plasma density will "AM Modulate" the reflected radio waves. This is just from the thermal fluctuations in the plasma; run the plasma off 60 Hz AC (like a Neon sign transformer) and you will AM modulate all reflected waves with 120Hz. The New switching Fluorescent light ballasts chop the line AC at 40 kHz to generate the ignition voltage and control the bulb current. If you look on a spectrum Analyzer you can see Ambient RF sources (radio, TV, Cell sites) modulated at 44 kHz and all the odd harmonics up to about 700 KHz away from the source center frequency. This is the basic Idea behind RFID; why bother emitting your own energy when you can modulate some existing energy. As for Electrically controlled reflectors and phased arrays.... there are plenty of better ways to do this... do a Google search for FSS and MUNK..one of the fathers of stealth technolog.

      Dr. Null

  27. It's only cool if your head isn't in the beam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    While it's got some cool aspects to it, the big drawback here is you'll never know if your office is somehow in the line of fire.

    Hmmm. Of course, that could be useful to some nefarious people. Like setting one up so that the antenna points at your PHB and doses him with constant microwave radiation for 8 hours a day.

    This could take the military concept of "fragging" to a new level (not that I'm suggesting such of course).

  28. Already in use by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You can see this technology already in use aboard many fine ships of the line:

    http://www.bravofleet.net/pegasus/images/phas.jp g

  29. Gas Plasma not neccessary. by Dozix007 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    You can circumvent the use of a Gas Plasma Antenna, and cost by using a simple Parabolic Antenna. It is just as effective with direction reception and broadcasting, which is all a Gas Plasma antenna can do. And being able to alter reception directions quickly does very little for security, possibly a bit of convienience, but I would like to save my money for other things.

    1. Re:Gas Plasma not neccessary. by GigsVT · · Score: 1

      Imagine if your car radio could stay locked on a signal with a directional antenna as you drive around, even exploiting reflections and multipath for optimum reception.

      All with no moving parts, and sub-millisecond times to "rotate" the antenna..

      Like one of those advanced phased arrays that the military uses, but in something the size of a hand held radio.

      --
      I've had enough abrasive sigs. Kittens are cute and fuzzy.
  30. Re:Now you see it...... (disrupt snoopers too) by G4from128k · · Score: 1

    This antenna essentially "disappears" when it is not being used, making it fairly "stealthy"

    More than just disappear when not in use, it could potentially disrupt snopper while in use. While locked on to a legitimate user, the antenna could change the beam pattern in other directions to disrupt snoopers. Only a snooper that is roughly in the line from antenna to legitimate user would be able to get a consistent signal.

    --
    Two wrongs don't make a right, but three lefts do.
  31. I wonder if... by Alien+Being · · Score: 2, Funny

    An SOS message could be sent by igniting three short farts, followed by three long ones, followed by three short ones.

    1. Re:I wonder if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What happened?

      He got burned.

      Rectum?

      Damn near killed him.

  32. Oil of Snake by sillivalley · · Score: 4, Insightful

    While the plasma may disappear when the antenna isn't in use, the housing containing the plasma doesn't. Not too stealthy...

    Another minor issue -- what's a plasma? Ionized gas, right? How do you ionize gas? By passing current through it. That gives you a large plasma arc. Gee, I wonder if just possibly that arc might be generating RF on its own? Any guesses on DC to light (literally -- gas discharge lamps give off quite characteristic spectra)? That arc is a very wideband RF source.

    You're telling me you're going to hook up a sensitive receiver to a gas arc, and it's going to work? Or you're going to hook up a transmitter to a gas arc, and the extra power from the transmitter isn't going to alter the characteristics of the plasma?

    Kind of like playing the violin while sitting atop a foghorn...

    1. Re:Oil of Snake by Nemosoft+Unv. · · Score: 1

      While the plasma may disappear when the antenna isn't in use, the housing containing the plasma doesn't. Not too stealthy...

      The 'housing' is made of glass, or just plain air. Literally transparent. The equipment to generate the plasma may not be so stealthy, but that can be some distance underway (underground, inside a regular building).

      Gee, I wonder if just possibly that arc might be generating RF on its own?

      I think you're confusing a plasma with the pops and crackles generated by, for example, fluorescent tubes. And a lot of their noise is generated by the fact they are switched on and off 100/120 times a second, due to being fed with AC. These plasmas are generated using DC.

      That arc is a very wideband RF source.

      Exactly: very wideband, so noise (if any) is spread throughout the spectrum and thus very low on any specific frequency you want to receive.

      You're telling me you're going to hook up a sensitive receiver to a gas arc, and it's going to work? Or you're going to hook up a transmitter to a gas arc, and the extra power from the transmitter isn't going to alter the characteristics of the plasma?

      Unfortunately, this shows how little you know about RF in general.... The 'arcs' are not the the arcs you know from lightning and high-voltage experiments, which discharge in a random fashion. These plasmas are generated using a very steady flow of current, and if something flows very steadily, it is not generating random currents, which is wat noise actually is. Electrically, there's little difference between 0 current (as in a passive metal antenna), or a conducator where 100 amps runs through, but exactly 100 amps all the time.

      In fact, most receiver noise is thermal noise, caused by the metal atoms in the antenna rods vibrating and knocking around electrons; that's why deep space transmitters are usually cooled down to a few Kelvin: no thermal noise. I am a bit sceptical myself about the claimed low noise properties, since the plasma ions and electrons will knock around each other too, but I could see it working since there are lot less atoms to knock around (remember, it's gas)

      And yes, the induced RF power will affect the plasma; but since an RF wave is alternating current, the total effect will be nil.

      --
      "Fix it? It has been disintegrated, by definition it cannot be fixed!" - Gru in Despicable Me.
  33. YOU FAIL IT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Singed,

    Teens4Satan

  34. YOU ACCOMPLISH IT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Imagine That!

  35. Speakers by leighklotz · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I remember reading about making a speaker out of a candle or gas jet, I think in an old ham radio magazine from the 1950's. From what I remember, you stick two wires into the flame and drive it with a high voltage modulated with audio.

    1. Re:Speakers by mikejz84 · · Score: 1

      Yeap Plasma Speakers: They put a lot of R&D into them in the 1970's--The required a lot of power to work (like 800 watts for the tweeter) and had nasty RF. The biggest problem was that these ion speakers turned all the air into room into Ozone. This ment that the ones that where made required that it be hooked up to a helium tank.

  36. Something Similar Exists... by Mister+Transistor · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Actually they have already done this with a speaker. A gas makes a pretty blue flame, and by inserting electrodes into the base of the flame, and modulating it with a voltage, it causes the shape of the flame to change. This emits sound as it moves the air around the plasma jet.

    Several designs for these have been written up and have even produced comercially in Europe. U.S. Safety laws have prevented them from being sold in Amercia, however some enterprising scientists have built their own for fun.

    If the surface or volume of the plasma ball can conduct, it can be used as a radiator of RF, one that can have its shape dynamically changed by the above technique.

    --
    -- You are in a maze of little, twisty passages, all different... --
  37. Errr ... by fullofangst · · Score: 2, Funny

    Gas Plasma antennas? The phrase "Gas Plasma" makes me think of a star trek episode where the enterprise accidentally destroys an ecosystem after venting warp plasma into a planets atmosphere :)

    Anyway, this would be a cool technology. Someone spying on your WiFi network? Send some gas plasma in his direction and watch the fireworks :D

    1. Re:Errr ... by osobear · · Score: 1

      THIS was modded funny? Oh, right, there's no "Too Geeky even for Slashdot" mod.

    2. Re:Errr ... by dbIII · · Score: 1
      The phrase "Gas Plasma" makes me think of a star trek episode ... accidentally destroys an ecosystem after venting warp plasma
      It wouldn't matter, they would have changed the laws of physics back again in time for the next episode.

      Plasma isn't technically a gas, it's a different phase, but sort of acts like a wet gas - you see it in flouresant lights and hot plasma is often used to cut steel in industry (plasma cutter).

      Someone spying on your WiFi network? Send some gas plasma in his direction and watch the fireworks
      That's where you would need a LOT of plasma in a jet, and would then have to send a current through it - like the way the beam weapons in Babylon5 were supposed to work.
  38. Plasma antennas... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    are also nothing new. This company's been around for some time doing similar stuff.

  39. Re:Outie! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You appear to have your cork in the wrong orfice.

  40. Directional Antennas are the future by cheesedog · · Score: 2, Insightful
    I agree that touting this primarily as a security feature is the wrong approach. Yes, it is a bit "better" than omni, but the real benefit is "getting more bandwidth by allowing more transmitters in the same region, minimizing interference, minimizing radiation output, etc."

    The thing that is exciting about this is the field of research that it opens up. Of course, directional comm antennas have been around for quite some time, but building networks out of them is relatively new. Do a literature search on "active topology formation" and you'll see what I mean -- not a whole lot has been done here, and yet this dramatically changes how you architect networks.

    The exact issues involved are what spurred DARPA to recently proclaim that it was time to revise the 7-layer OSI model into something that appears more like a mesh. And that really is what will be required -- for example, waiting 10s of seconds for OSPF to figure out whether a link is up or down just will not cut it when you can form links on the order of milliseconds.

  41. Neon Sign Technology???? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    If you look at the web site there is something that looks very much like a neon sign in the shape of a parabolic reflecter. This could be a proof of concept version.

    When they are talking about 'solid state' gas plasma generators they could be talking about the kind of switching power supplies used for small neon signs. Neon technology is moving away from transformers for the high voltage and towards switching technology.

    If this is mutant neon sign technology then the real trick will be replacing the glass tubing with something more robust. You need a non-conductive material that will not be degraded by the plasma inside it. I've seen an art piece that used a large diameter plexiglass tube, but it needed to be repolished on the inside every so often because the inside surface became opaque. (In this case large was 2 feet in diameter and over six feet tall.) Instead of glass they could be using ceramics if these were shock resistant enough.

    1. Re:Neon Sign Technology???? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      actually their must still be a high voltage applied and the only way to do that in a cost effective way is with a transformer

    2. Re:Neon Sign Technology???? by tehdaemon · · Score: 1
      Radio waves probably wouldn't give a darn if the plexiglass was opaque to visible light.

      On the other hand, anyone know if plexiglass is opaque to microwave frequencies?

      --
      Laws are horrible moral guides, moral guides make even worse laws.
  42. But can it... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sounds cool and all, but can all that plasma be forced into a plasma cell and accelerate me through space at warp speed?

  43. Backscattering by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    This sounds like mostly B.S.

    At microwave frequencies (at which Wi-Fi operates), just about every object scatters (reflects, diffracts) incident radiation. As a matter of fact, many RF antenna designs are "parasitically" directional, but rely on backscattering to produce a more omnidirectional response.

    Assuming that an adapative antenna array (which seems to be what the original press release describes) can target a specific client, sensitive near neighbors will inevitably be able to eavesdrop. Furthermore, an array of radiating slots or conductive elements with solid-state switches or phase shifters may achieve the same result without the need for using plasma.

    As a side note - for those that think gas plasma is something magical, keep in mind that many vacuum fluorescent and early laptop displays used this principle economically and safely, as do a variety of commodity devices like fluorescent and HID lamps.

  44. Hmmmm... by shigelojoe · · Score: 1

    Methinks I need to start heatproofing my Pringles cans.

  45. No metal by sense_net · · Score: 1

    One of the main advantages here seems to be that the antennas aren't metal. That makes them physically lighter and reduces noise by bunches, and doesn't reflect incoming radar when it's turned off. This is definatelly a military app.; especially in that is can be used as a radar antenna. Sounds perfect for airborne early warning radar systems.

    1. Re:No metal by Jott42 · · Score: 1

      In large I agree, but:
      -I don't think they are less noisy, instead a highfrequency source is needed to generate the plasma, which makes noise.
      -They are not necessarily lighter, the glass tube needed to contain the plasma weighs easily more than a corresponfing thin wire.

      But you can turn them off and make them invisible to radar, which may be a good thing.
      (The claims of fast beamsteering has no merit until they show in what way they are faster than an array antenna.) And plasma technology does not make the antennas smaller. Maxwell does still apply.

    2. Re:No metal by sense_net · · Score: 1

      You're correct: the plasma WiFi antennas are probably not lighter than metal ones. I was referring in that instance, however to radar antennas. I'm positive that plasma antennas would be lighter. Now that you mention it however, I wonder what the g-stress tolerances of the sturdiest glass tube are. If it's used in military airplane radars, it's going to take a few.

  46. Re:The Fall of the House of Bush: +2, Informative by aceat64 · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    The mods aren't doing their jobs, the parent post should be moderated as Offtopic. If not flamebait or troll.

  47. Anything like a gas-plasma laser? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And can you put it on the head of a frickin' shark?

  48. Try again by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Having directional or narrow beam capabilities is of tremendous advantage ( not that this capability does not already exist to some extent, but this looks to be an improvement) :

    1. You mentioned the problem of objects in the way, especially reflective ones. For transmission in both cities and non flat terrain, the path of radio signals to the recever frequently travel along paths that include reflections as opposed to straight from the transmitter. This is not changed by the directional signal; the transmitter and receiver will just focus on the best rout. As for people listening in on signals, wireless will never be free from that. If someone is determined to position a receiver to pick up the signal, then it will happen ( Even if the snoop has to park a satellite in a straight line behind the receiver as the US government has been known to do. ) However directional will allow you to cut out a significant portion of the casual snoops. It is far less likely that the small portion of your neighbors with snooping interests and abilities will regularly coincide with where your stray signal is going if you use directional signals.

    2. Most users will not care much about 1, however they will care about the added bandwidth this allows. Directional signals allow for concurrent signals to be sent to different locations with less interference. Your wireless will not interfere as much with your neighbor's. At crowded locations, bandwidth will be divided across smaller areas, perhaps allowing the person a few tables or rows over to get full bandwidth at the same time you are if close enough to the wireless router.

  49. Stealth? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    As stealthy as a neon sign!

  50. HAHAHA... by tehdaemon · · Score: 1
    One would only tell you, 'that way'. You need two.

    You had it right in the first place.

    --
    Laws are horrible moral guides, moral guides make even worse laws.
  51. No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
    It certainly seems like a cool technology, but I'm not sure how it would apply to WiFi - or even Ham for that matter. Yes, a tight beam antenna will provide some slight level of added security (while not substituting for encryption)

    Well, I think it's a bit better than that- a base station with this technology can probably work out the distance as well as the angle- the antenna forms a spatially distributed antenna and hence can measure the phase and intensity and show where the user is.

    there is the issue of power requirement - you need to create that plasma - fuel requirement - the gas you're ionizing

    It's not a problem for a base station though- and that's where I see this technology going.

    - and the shielding requirements.

    There really aren't any- it's just like a flourescent bulb.

    The main advantage of this system is that the highly directional antenna can actually permit two users to use the same bands without interference (since they are distinguished by their location, the base stations would be relatively deaf to any users not associated with them)- this greatly multiplies up the bandwidth of a WIFI network.

    --

    -WolfWithoutAClause

    "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    1. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      Well, I think it's a bit better than that- a base station with this technology can probably work out the distance as well as the angle- the antenna forms a spatially distributed antenna and hence can measure the phase and intensity and show where the user is.

      Base stations would be the logical place to use these things, yes, but how is it going to work out the range? You can get a line of position from your phased array, but that alone won't give you a range. You could, I suppose, ballpark it from relative signal strength - based on the FCC's maximum x Microvolts at y Range - but that's only a ballpark estimate and won't be able to compensate (without either manual intervention or more expensive componentry) for a directional antenna on the other end. Even a few dB of gain on the portable would throw the calculation off.

      It's not a problem for a base station though- and that's where I see this technology going.

      But it is still a problem. You still have an increased power requirement. Looking back at the article, it would appear the working gas is contained - so the fuel requirement isn't there, but you still need to ionize it. Without detail I can't confirm it, but I suspect there's considerably more power going into ionizing the "antenna" than is going into radiating signal. That's just wasteful.

      As for the shielding, I was referring to the need to shield the plasma itself - the glass tube of a flourescent bulb, if you will. Chances are my plasma tube will actually be larger than a wire antenna.

      The main advantage of this system is that the highly directional antenna can actually permit two users to use the same bands without interference (since they are distinguished by their location, the base stations would be relatively deaf to any users not associated with them)- this greatly multiplies up the bandwidth of a WIFI network.

      Yes and no. First, we can get the same effect with a physical antenna array. It doesn't require an exotic plasma antenna (which still looks like a reflector to me from the pics, not a radiator) to tell which direction your users lay. And you'll only realize a bandwidth advantage if the remote signals don't interfear with each other - which would requre them to also be highly directional, which brings us back to trying to get these things working on a portable device.

      Also remember you're limited by the processing power of the base station itself, and the inherent limitations of available bandwidth on any given freq.

      Cheers.

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    2. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      Base stations would be the logical place to use these things, yes, but how is it going to work out the range?

      If you think about it, the wavefront from the trasnmitter has to hit the different parts of the antenna at the 'right' time- it's critically phase dependent- the wavelength of 2.5Ghz is about 15cm, so you can measure the distance to within a fraction of that.

      Basically the bigger the antenna is, the further away you can distinguish the distance. In a fairly real sense you are doing triangulation/timing analysis independently from different sides of the antenna. It's exactly like focusing through a parabolic mirror in the optical domain.

      Without detail I can't confirm it, but I suspect there's considerably more power going into ionizing the "antenna" than is going into radiating signal. That's just wasteful.

      Not really. The radio power is limited by the FCC, but the base station power isn't. I mean, flourescents aren't particularly thirsty- and you only need a very small flourescent for this kind of thing.

      First, we can get the same effect with a physical antenna array.

      That's much more complex, notionally, it requires microwave frequency digital signal processing; the reflector system lets the antenna act as a spatial directional filter without any further processing.

      It doesn't require an exotic plasma antenna (which still looks like a reflector to me from the pics, not a radiator) to tell which direction your users lay.

      It's a reflective diffraction grating you can change on the fly. It de/reflects the signal back into a detector. It's not particularly exotic.

      And you'll only realize a bandwidth advantage if the remote signals don't interfear with each other - which would requre them to also be highly directional, which brings us back to trying to get these things working on a portable device.

      No, because the portable devices effectively have huge big directional virtual antennas pointed at them- so both send and receive are improved- only if the clients are very close together will there be problems.

      Also remember you're limited by the processing power of the base station itself, and the inherent limitations of available bandwidth on any given freq.

      The base station doesn't need much in the way of signal processing with this scheme- the filters can even be precalculated if necessary.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    3. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      If you think about it, the wavefront from the trasnmitter has to hit the different parts of the antenna at the 'right' time- it's critically phase dependent- the wavelength of 2.5Ghz is about 15cm, so you can measure the distance to within a fraction of that.

      Yes, sort of, that's how we can use a phased array to get a line of position. We have several physical antennas in an array and can calculate the direction of an incomming signal based on the phase difference between the antennas. You can see an example of this on any police car equipped with a LoJack receiver - an array of five antennas on the roof. One central, then four in a square around it. This is not done with a single antenna though, or between the "front and back" of a single antenna - but between different antennas in an array. There's a difference.

      This technique does not give a range. Only a direction. We can calculate a range either by calculating signal strength or by drawing multiple lines of position. The former works only if we have a good idea of the signal strength at the source, and the latter works only if our base station is moving and the portable is stationary. I suppose we could get some sort of pulse ranging using ping times or something, but the accuracy would be abysimal. We could get relative range based on signal strength and LOP for a moving portable, but not an absolute range.

      You're right in that a larger array will give you more accuracy - but only in so much as your determining a line of position. Now, given two (or more) base stations you could triangulate.

      Not really. The radio power is limited by the FCC, but the base station power isn't. I mean, flourescents aren't particularly thirsty- and you only need a very small flourescent for this kind of thing.

      My point is that your base station will have to consume X power for the RF section, and Y power for the processing section regardless of antenna type. A plasma antenna will add Z power to drive the plasma generator which strikes me as being considerably more power hungry than the X+Y power of existing base stations.

      The flourescent light doesn't burn much. But flourescent + AP is still more than AP alone.

      That's much more complex, notionally, it requires microwave frequency digital signal processing; the reflector system lets the antenna act as a spatial directional filter without any further processing.

      Um, no. Sorry. You're going to spend as much computational power steering your virtual antenna as you will calculating phase angles between fixed antennas - which, incidently, is what you're talking about at the start of this.

      The antenna pictured isn't a phased array. It appears to be a simple reflector made out of plasma filled glass tubes rather than a metal mesh. From the article, it appears they control the plasma in the tubes to change the characteristics of the reflector - which is going to take processing power.

      It's certainly more complex than a phased array direction finder.

      It's a reflective diffraction grating you can change on the fly. It de/reflects the signal back into a detector. It's not particularly exotic.

      It's decidedly more exotic than the 18 element Yagi I've used for 2.4 gig work, or the 5 element phased array I've used fox hunting.

      Not rocket science, maybe. But not the Marine Corps intelligence test either.

      No, because the portable devices effectively have huge big directional virtual antennas pointed at them- so both send and receive are improved- only if the clients are very close together will there be problems.

      If the clients are close enough to hear each other's signal there will be a problem. We won't even go into signal hetrodyning. The only place I can see this sort of beast having a real advantage is in some kind of out door setting where you could steer your signals onto multiple dispersed clients. In a case like that, a couple of conventional direct

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    4. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      It's a reflective diffraction grating you can change on the fly. It de/reflects the signal back into a detector. It's not particularly exotic.

      It's decidedly more exotic than the 18 element Yagi I've used for 2.4 gig work, or the 5 element phased array I've used fox hunting.

      You still seem to be missing the point- this system is electronically steerable. Sure there are other ways to do that with switchable antennas, or physical steering, but this is another way.

      This technique does not give a range. Only a direction.

      It certainly can do; when the antenna subtends a large angle to the client; the point is that the phase at the elements of the antenna is not uniform across the antenna for the relatively small distances typically seen in WiFi.

      My point is that your base station will have to consume X power for the RF section, and Y power for the processing section regardless of antenna type. A plasma antenna will add Z power to drive the plasma generator which strikes me as being considerably more power hungry than the X+Y power of existing base stations.

      Yes, but with normal phased array, you need other switcheable electronics to introduce phase delays on the signal which you don't need here; they may well be expensive, and will consume power as well. I expect you are correct that the plasma solution is more power hungry, although I'd need to check. But in any case I'm quite unclear that power is a bottleneck for this application in most circumstances. I mean, a PC is taking 300 watts, and laptops are perhaps 60 watts; unless you are talking kilowatts, it probably goes in the 'who cares' category.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    5. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Jott42 · · Score: 1

      A phased array can also be electronically steerable - that is what makes them interesting (apart from being flatter then reflector antennas)

      And if you have a way of determining the range to a transmitter by the recieved phase only - not triangulation, not amplitude, and manage to get around the phase-rotation ambiguitues, it would be very interesting to see it... (Especially if you manage in an incohorent system...)

    6. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      You still seem to be missing the point- this system is electronically steerable. Sure there are other ways to do that with switchable antennas, or physical steering, but this is another way.

      No, no. I got the point. You're missing mine - that an electronically steerable plasma grating is more exotic than a conventional antenna array.

      Didn't say it wasn't cool or wouldn't work. I said it's hungry in both computing power and energy consumption, and simpler solutions exist.

      It's cool, but it's not especially useful for WiFi. Remember that the original thread was how this new technology would improve security on wireless networks? It's not particularly useful for that.

      Inside a building you can used fixed antennas to limit your coverage to specific areas - so don't need the steerable aspect. Outside, or in large areas inside, the steerable aspect is good, but relying on signal coverage for security is a Bad Thing (tm).

      For security, encryption is the only real solution.

      For improving bandwidth at a hotspot or something by using steerable antennas, you still have the problem of multiple users in the same space. It's not something this technology is going to work around.

      It certainly can do; when the antenna subtends a large angle to the client; the point is that the phase at the elements of the antenna is not uniform across the antenna for the relatively small distances typically seen in WiFi.

      That gives you a bearing, yes. The larger the aperature of your array, the more accurate your bearing will be. Unless your array is large enough (and has enough elements) to get multiple relative bearings on the same source, you're not going to get a range simply from the signal's phase. If I have two or more arrays a known distance apart (they could be parts of the same suitably large array) I can triangulate on a signal. Without the seperation, I'm not going to get it.

      Measuring the phase difference give you the difference in time between the signal hitting Element A and Element B. That gives you a line of position (though not which way along that line!) on the source of the signal. Extra elements give you more points of compareson and tell you which direction along the line the your source lays.

      Yes, but with normal phased array, you need other switcheable electronics to introduce phase delays on the signal which you don't need here; they may well be expensive, and will consume power as well. I expect you are correct that the plasma solution is more power hungry, although I'd need to check. But in any case I'm quite unclear that power is a bottleneck for this application in most circumstances. I mean, a PC is taking 300 watts, and laptops are perhaps 60 watts; unless you are talking kilowatts, it probably goes in the 'who cares' category.

      A phased array is not a particularly complex device. In fact, it's something you can make from a wiring diagram and a handful of parts from the local Radio Shack. I can almost guarantee the electronics to control plasma generators at GHz frequencies are vastly more complex and expensive than what goes into a simple Phased Array.

      And the point with power consumption isn't the absolute magnitude, but the relative magnitude. Even if it's only another 10 watts, it's power and heat wasted.

      As a side note on "Who cares" with the power consumption, I've read somewhere that all those VCR clocks blinking 12:00 in the US consume more power than the total consumed by several African nations.

      I'm sure there are some valid, and very cool, applications for this technology. The developers website lists several, including military radars and communication systems. WiFi seems to be an afterthought. It's a possible application for this technology, but not an especially good one.

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    7. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      That gives you a bearing, yes. The larger the aperature of your array, the more accurate your bearing will be. Unless your array is large enough (and has enough elements) to get multiple relative bearings on the same source, you're not going to get a range simply from the signal's phase.

      That's not correct. The analogy is not exact, but that's approximately the way GPS works.

      It's just like focusing in the optical domain- you can focus a phased array a fixed distance away, rather than at infinity.

      You seem to be thinking that the phased array can only focus at infinity, but that is not in fact the case, and focusing it at the appropriate distance gives more discrimination for the antenna.

      Note that some of the theory behind synthetic aperture assumes focusing at infinity, but for a few elements at close proximity, it's not at all hard, or computationally intensive, to calculate the appropriate phasing.

      Going back to the original topic, it's unclear whether this would be 'secure'- it's theoretically possible to arrange for the signals that arrive at the antenna to have the same phase as an antenna that is close to the array but from further away, but it's a whole heap of hassle and unlikely to be practical in most cases.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    8. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      We're at least still somewhat on-topic, and this is certainly an interesting conversation.

      That's not correct. The analogy is not exact, but that's approximately the way GPS works.

      Well, actually, if you look at what I said, it is correct. You're not going to get range from the phase. GPS works (horribly over-simplified here, obviously) with each satellite in the constellation saying "I am here now" and the receiver being able to work out the trig based on the time and location for each bird it's watching.

      It's just like focusing in the optical domain- you can focus a phased array a fixed distance away, rather than at infinity.

      Yes, you can - at least with some phased arrays (for example the LoJack array I mentioned earlier is a phased array that would be steerable, but not focusable - sort of. You're really just rotating the lobes and nulls of your antenna's pattern). Though the device shown wasn't a phased array, but a reflector that replaced some of the usually metallic elements with the plasma tubes.

      You seem to be thinking that the phased array can only focus at infinity, but that is not in fact the case, and focusing it at the appropriate distance gives more discrimination for the antenna.

      I think we're getting at two separate points. Phase descrimination will give you a line of position on the source. Array focus could then be used to bring in the strongest signal and from there extrapolate the range. Much like an inexpensive optical range-finder, or even the focusing ring on a decent film camera.

      Note please that you're focusing on signal strength, not phase. Two separate componants. Computationally, it should be marginally more efficient - and more accurate - to use separate arrays a fixed distance apart instead of running focusing calculations.

      Going back to the original topic, it's unclear whether this would be 'secure'- it's theoretically possible to arrange for the signals that arrive at the antenna to have the same phase as an antenna that is close to the array but from further away, but it's a whole heap of hassle and unlikely to be practical in most cases.

      It's quite clear it wouldn't be secure. Unencrypted wireless is insecure. You're using an insecure medium, and without encryption people will be able to eavesdrop on the "conversation." Optical frequency (Laser mostly) are considerably more secure, and even they suffer from backscatter problems.

      As for the phase, I'm not sure I follow where you're going. Antenna's, in of themselves, don't have phase. Antennas are resonators. Signals have phase. Antennas have polarity, resonant frequency(ies), gain, etc., but not phase.

      I think you're referring to having several signals coming in together and either amplifying or cancelling each other out. With harmonics like that there will be locations that are "in phase" and thus have a strong signal, and places that will be "out of phase" and have virtually none. I believe that's what you mean there. If I understand you correctly, you're certainly right in that it's more hassle than it's worth.

      I guess the bottom line is if you want security, forget wireless. If you absolutely MUST have wireless, use encryption, because you're not going to get it just from a nifty antenna.

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    9. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      Unencrypted wireless is insecure.

      Well, you're assuming that wired is secure- unless you're using Tempest shielding evesdropping is reasonably easy even with wired.

      Basically security isn't all or nothing, ever.

      In this case, forbidding/ignoring traffic from outside a configured physical perimeter would indeed result in more security for the network in many cases- it prevents people from injecting traffic to your network as well as improving throughput.

      it should be marginally more efficient - and more accurate - to use separate arrays a fixed distance apart instead of running focusing calculations.

      I think having multiple arrays scattered around the place is a very good idea anyway. The nice thing about this focusing trick is that they don't need to be phased together, since they independently can calculate distance. Having multiple arrays allows triangulation, and minimises the chances of the base station and clients lining up; which is likely to be the worst case.

      Antenna's, in of themselves, don't have phase.

      It's probably not normally considered like that, but different parts of any antenna are at a different phase; they have a formally linear response to a wave, right?

      For a phased array, you can consider each 'active' element of a phased array to have a complex number that is multiplied by the signal that is measured at that point. The output of the array is the sum of these numbers. That forms a spatial filter. By calculating the complex number based on the speed of light delay you can (theoretically) focus the array onto a particular point in space by adjusting the phase/amplification in that way. The maths is trivial; in principle.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    10. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      Well, you're assuming that wired is secure- unless you're using Tempest shielding evesdropping is reasonably easy even with wired.

      I assume only that wired is inherently more secure than wireless. Wireless interception requires no physical access and is trivial to do remotely.

      Tempest monitoring is non-trivial these days. With the level of emissions dropping lower and lower from modern computer systems, the sensitivity and signal processing power required to to electronic eavesdropping is getting higher and higher - read more and more expensive. Besides, a couple of purposefully unshielded machines playing Quake against each other in Demo mode can do a lot to bury your Signal in the Noise.

      (I've actually seen that in practice, demonstrated by someone who knew a thing or two about the technique)

      If you're hiding from the Three Letter Acronym folks, well, you're pretty much screwed anyway.

      Basically, the only way to be absolutely sure your system is secure is to take it off line, break it into small pieces, dump it into a barrel, fill it with concrete, lock the barrel in a safe, take it off shore, drop it over the side, then kill the crew on the way back.

      At least that was the consensus at one of the Vendor parties at LISA a couple years back.

      I think having multiple arrays scattered around the place is a very good idea anyway. The nice thing about this focusing trick is that they don't need to be phased together, since they independently can calculate distance. Having multiple arrays allows triangulation, and minimises the chances of the base station and clients lining up; which is likely to be the worst case.

      You seem really fixated on that distance calculation thing. Anyway . . . Multiple AP's would be the way to go whenever you're trying to secure your wireless network. You're certainly right there. I've actually (in a past life so to speak) been tasked with helping secure a wireless network in an office environment. The solution was A: Encryption. B: Multiple AP's spread to give good coverage of the building's interior with any overlap well inside the perimiter. C: Very careful antenna selection to provide optimal coverage inside, with minimal sensitivity outside the building. D: MAC address filtering (which helps a little, but is still easy to bypass) E: Other stuff I'm not going to talk about here.

      And, once again, a simple phased array is not going to give you range, only bearing. If your AP is some sort of multi-array base station, then you could use triangulation between arrays to get your range. But a phased array by itself will not give you range.

      It's probably not normally considered like that, but different parts of any antenna are at a different phase; they have a formally linear response to a wave, right?

      Not quite. While the voltage and currant will fluctuate across the structure of the antenna in response to a signal, that's not what matters to your receiver. Your signal processing does not happen ON the antenna, it happens downstream of the antenna in the receive section of your device (be it your FM Walkman, a wireless network card, or an HF radio).

      For a phased array, you can consider each 'active' element of a phased array to have a complex number that is multiplied by the signal that is measured at that point. The output of the array is the sum of these numbers. That forms a spatial filter. By calculating the complex number based on the speed of light delay you can (theoretically) focus the array onto a particular point in space by adjusting the phase/amplification in that way. The maths is trivial; in principle.

      Ummmm. . . I'm not entirely sure where you're trying to go here. At the surface, where it matters, it's not as complicated as you're making it sound.

      Working on the recive end - since that's what you are using to get a direction on a remote emitter. Transmit FROM the array is not important a

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    11. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      This calculation has nothing to do with phase. It's only the signal strength that matters here.

      Utter coddswallop. Neither the receive, nor transmit function works unless you have correct phase shift at each emitter. That's the whole point of a phased array. That's where the name "phased element array" comes from. If you have no phase shift then your antenna will work extremely poorly if at all.

      No, it has become clear to me that you fundamentally don't understand phased arrays in general.

      I've actually (in a past life so to speak) been tasked with helping secure a wireless network in an office environment. The solution was A: Encryption. B: Multiple AP's spread to give good coverage of the building's interior with any overlap well inside the perimiter. C: Very careful antenna selection to provide optimal coverage inside, with minimal sensitivity outside the building. D: MAC address filtering (which helps a little, but is still easy to bypass) E: Other stuff I'm not going to talk about here.

      Yeah? So have I. The answer was: firewalls + corporate standard VPN. In your case I certainly hope your encryption wasn't WEP, but I don't particularly care; it sounds ghastly.

      Later- much later.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    12. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      *ROTFLU!*

      Utter coddswallop. Neither the receive, nor transmit function works unless you have correct phase shift at each emitter. That's the whole point of a phased array. That's where the name "phased element array" comes from. If you have no phase shift then your antenna will work extremely poorly if at all.

      You know, most of the antennas I've built, including the phased array for fox hunting, work quite well. Transmit and receive functions don't work without proper phase shift? Really? Amazing. So I suppose I'll have to explain to the Icom that it can't possibly work because the J-Pole out back doesn't have the right phase shift.

      I think the fundamental difference here is that you appear to have confused some terms.

      No, it has become clear to me that you fundamentally don't understand phased arrays in general.

      It seems to me you don't understand RF in general, so I suppose we're even eh?

      An ANTENNA is not an ARRAY. Please stop using the terms interchangably.

      I mean, you do know about antennas having resonant frequencies, and needing to put your feed at the correct point, right? And that an array is made up of several antennas, each of which may have several elements. That's what an ARRAY is.

      You STILL haven't explained how you can get range simply from phase. You've several times explained how you can get range from triangulation, while calling it phase, but NOT from just knowing the phase of the signal.

      Honest. I'd really like to see some reference material here - if you have any.

      Yeah? So have I. The answer was: firewalls + corporate standard VPN. In your case I certainly hope your encryption wasn't WEP, but I don't particularly care; it sounds ghastly.

      As for the corporate VPN and firewalls, that's great. But neither of them are securing the wireless part of your network. Unless, of course, your wireless is completely separate from the corporate LAN (the only configuration that makes sense from what you said) which still leaves the wireless part wide open.

      Adieu

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
    13. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by WolfWithoutAClause · · Score: 1
      You know, most of the antennas I've built, including the phased array for fox hunting, work quite well.

      Yes, I expect it was fixed phase shift, which is correct for that- for a physically steered antenna. That says nothing about the general case of phased element array, which includes active elements with electronic phase shifting; the plasma reflector is an example of that. That's how you can arrange for electronic streering.

      But neither of them are securing the wireless part of your network.

      Correct! I wasn't protecting the wireless part of the network, as you more or less cannot (short of Tempest shielding). I was protecting corporate data. As a rule of thumb anyone can use the airwaves under FCC rules. I did make very sure that the wireless network didn't provide internet access, or any other services; so whilst outsiders ('Eve') could in theory have connected to the Wireless LAN from outside the building (difficult since the building was a weak approximation to a Faraday cage, but possible with an antenna of high enough gain), it wouldn't really do 'Eve' much good. The only exception was a direct attack on the clients themselves- I deployed personal firewalls for those; and the security turned out to be the same or better than when the same clients were connected to corporate LAN over the internet.

      Ok, this is the last time:

      You've several times explained how you can get range from triangulation, while calling it phase, but NOT from just knowing the phase of the signal.

      The phase difference between the signal received at the middle of an antenna from either side of the antenna is slightly different from a nearby spherical source to that of a spherical source at infinity (plane wave). The wider the antenna is, the bigger the effect. You need a big antenna, but it can be flat and out the way- up against a wall for example. I simply can't be bothered to explain how you can do this- if you don't believe it can be done, or it's too complex.

      --

      -WolfWithoutAClause

      "Gravity is only a theory, not a fact!"
    14. Re:No, no Re:Now you see it...... by Bagheera · · Score: 1

      Yes, I expect it was fixed phase shift, which is correct for that- for a physically steered antenna. That says nothing about the general case of phased element array, which includes active elements with electronic phase shifting; the plasma reflector is an example of that. That's how you can arrange for electronic streering.

      Actually, no, but it was designed for mobile operation since I can get better results with other systems.

      And which is it? Is the plasma antenna a reflector or a phased array? They're not the same thing. The system imaged (which is where this whole thread started) is a reflector, not a phased array. I suppose they could be using the plasma to change the focus, but the plasma isn't acting as a transmit or receive element - it's acting as a reflector.

      Correct! I wasn't protecting the wireless part of the network, as you more or less cannot (short of Tempest shielding). I was protecting corporate data. As a rule of thumb anyone can use the airwaves under FCC rules. I did make very sure that the wireless network didn't provide internet access, or any other services; so whilst outsiders ('Eve') could in theory have connected to the Wireless LAN from outside the building (difficult since the building was a weak approximation to a Faraday cage, but possible with an antenna of high enough gain), it wouldn't really do 'Eve' much good. The only exception was a direct attack on the clients themselves- I deployed personal firewalls for those; and the security turned out to be the same or better than when the same clients were connected to corporate LAN over the internet.

      Well, you can provide some protection for the wireless part of the network by encrypting your wireless traffic and keeping your signals as well contained as possible. Which is what we've both described. Only for some reason you think my version is "ghastly." I left out the details on the authentication and internal connections, remember? Ultimately, I suspect our systems are quite similar under the hood - though I think I put more effort into signal containment than you did.

      And no, the rule of thumb is not "anyone can use the airwaves under FCC rules." In fact, the FCC is quite strict about what parts of the spectrum you can use with or without a license, at what power levels, and with what equipment. The fines can be pretty severe for operating unlicensed in licensed bands, and can include jail time. The rules for Part 15 devices (under which Wireless falls) are very restrictive.

      As for Eve, I think our end results are more or less the same, with slightly different technical details.

      The phase difference between the signal received at the middle of an antenna from either side of the antenna is slightly different from a nearby spherical source to that of a spherical source at infinity (plane wave). The wider the antenna is, the bigger the effect. You need a big antenna, but it can be flat and out the way- up against a wall for example. I simply can't be bothered to explain how you can do this- if you don't believe it can be done, or it's too complex.

      Wolf, please go back through the thread and notice where I said that you could get range from a suitably large array by using different sections to triangulate. You don't need to "explain this" since I did myself several messages back.

      The point is that you're not getting range simply from phase. You're getting range by triangulation using different sets of elements on your "large array."

      If you're using phase difference between "right, left, and middle" you are using three points of compareson which gives you two lines of position (or more if you want), from which you are triangulating the position of the emitter - which is what I've been saying all along.

      I think you'll probably agree that the idea of using a wall-sized phased aray (plasma or otherwise) to "add security" t

      --
      Never attribute to malice what can as easily be the result of incompetence...
  52. Plasma antennas not for WiFi by dbateman · · Score: 1

    Its complete rubbish to consider that plasma antennas could be used for WiFi. All of the plasma antennas I've heard of need something to contain the gas in which the plasma is excited. So your normal antenna is replaced with a glass vessel of a size larger than the largest antenna you want to have.

    Directivity comes at the cost of size. Sure you want 30dBi gain for your WiFi, I'll build it for you, but it'll be at least 10 wavelengths in size (1.25 metres for 2.4GHz WiFi). The only applications I see permitting that sort of antenna size are real infrastructure devices, not consumer WiFi devices.

    The main advantage I see of plasma antennas is as a stealth technology. By their nature all antennas have a relatively large radar cross-section in at least one direction. This is true even of plasma antennas. However, the advantage of plasma antennas is that you can turn them off when you aren't using them. As long as the containment vessel for the plasma itself has a low radar cross section, you'll then be virtually undetectable.

    D.

  53. band-knocking? by Geoff-with-a-G · · Score: 1

    I'm not seeing a lot of technical details on the implementation here, but the key seems to be that it has dynamic properties where conventional antennas have static ones. The properties in question seem to be directionality and bandwidth, but I'm not an expert in antenna design so I can't speak to the details on the band-shifting.

    Looking at it generically though, I find myself wondering if this could be used to implement a similar concept to port-knocking: have the device receving only on a particular band, then jump to another one after receiving a communcation. Repeat a few times, finally settling on the desired communications band for full conversation. Again, not being an expert in this field, I can't speak to the value of that procedure, but I figured the idea was worth mentioning.
    (cue the posts telling me it wasn't)

  54. steerable phased array antennae by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ok folks, first the disclaimer: I AM a physicist (waves and beams division from MIT Plasma Fusion Center). This is kind of interesting but there are any number of competing technologies out there, some of which have already been mentioned. One of the
    more interesting variants is the reconfigurable holographic antenna (google for Arye Rosen and holographic antenna) which uses a slab of semiconductor illuminated by above-the-band-gap light to excite a electron/hole pair plasma in the solid to make an antenna of any shape on the fly. The plasma that these guys are making doesn't seem nearly as flexible in pattern and certainly not in update speed. Also I'm not sure how fully ionized the plasma is and therefore how high a reflectivity they can achieve.

    Cheers!

  55. Their crypto is the usual BS by Cardbox · · Score: 1

    Secret algorithm, "unbreakable cipher", "unprecedented levels of security", irrelevant details but no relevant ones, all the rest that you expect from crypto snake oil. No apparent knowledge of or reference to the state of the art; no understanding of why "keyless" encryption might be a bad thing; no apparent advantage over Diffie-Hellman key exchange (and D-H doesn't expand messages by a factor of 50).
    This is not to say that their other products might not be worth something.

  56. Yeah, but by redwyrm · · Score: 1

    it's essentially a neon sign when it's in use. You know, that thing businesses use when they want lots of attention...