Slashdot Mirror


Astronauts Face Bleak Odds For Spaceflight

Abhishek writes "According to a Space.com report, Astronauts at NASA fear that they won't be able to fly until 2015 and that, for some, would be too late. The space shuttles that NASA have are almost at the end of their lifetimes and any shuttle can take years to be built. Though almost everybody is involved in some way or another in looking after a shuttle, only a lucky few actually gets the chance for a ride."

53 of 359 comments (clear)

  1. Begs the question... by tabkey12 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    What do they do every day? They are unlikely to be training for a specific mission at the moment with no shuttle...

    1. Re:Begs the question... by Dashing+Leech · · Score: 5, Informative
      "What do they do every day?"

      Most of them have other jobs at NASA when not in prep for a flight, such as running a lab, program manager for a particular system, performing various analyses or engineering work, etc., plus all the PR (trips to schools, educational programs). Basically their technical/leaderhship skills are used within the program.

      Well, if they want to go into space they can always take one of the new private rides which will probably get them there faster than 2015, though not for as long a stay.

    2. Re:Begs the question... by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 3, Informative

      They are also engineers. Design, test, evaluate other aspects of spaceflight and operations in space.

    3. Re:Begs the question... by buddahfool · · Score: 4, Insightful

      My cousin got offered a place is the Space Program. He choose to design satelittes rather than the astronaut position. (Better money, and he later went to the private sector. Obviously he is not a geek... :)
      These are highly trained and educated individuals, I am sure they being employed gainfully...

    4. Re:Begs the question... by paranode · · Score: 4, Informative
      Suppose there is not another space shuttle built by the time some of these astronauts retire. It is given then, that these astronauts will never fly again and should be fired.

      That is begging the question. ;)

    5. Re:Begs the question... by harrkev · · Score: 4, Funny

      I hear that India and China are hiring. ;)

      --
      "-1 Troll" is the apparently the same as "-1 I disagree with you."
    6. Re:Begs the question... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      "Burning fuel to carry all that weight to the edge of the atmosphere when you can fly it to the edge of the sky and launch it from there is pretty dumb..."

      Getting into space is more complex than flying an airplane up to 63 miles and jumping out. To go into orbit you need to achieve a speed of about Mach 25 (Spaceship 1 was nowhere even close to orbital velocity). Rocket technologies today make sense in accomplishing this by minimizing the weight of the spacecraft and maximizing the weight of the fuel. To do what you want would require that almost all of the fuel and useful spacecraft are carried in an aircraft to perhaps 100,000 feet. The fuel to do so would be enormous and you would still have to fire the rocket to get the other Mach 24 or so. The complex airoframe required to pull this off would probably require a significantly larger amount of fuel that is used today. The losses a rocket has from atmospheric drag at high velocities (up to about 100,000 feet to be equivalent) would be vastly smaller than the fuel required to launch a standard airplane assisted rocket launch.

      On a side note, a scramjet may be useful in the future due to its small engine size (extremely few parts). In this scenario a rocket would launch from the ground up to Mach 1, the scramjet would accelerate up to Mach 15, and then another rocket would accelarate up to Mach 25 for orbit or escape. Considering that no space launch has ever used a scramjet, I don't think its fair to call existing technologies 'dumb'. But then again, when has anyone considered 'rocket scientist' to be a synonymn for 'intelligent engineer'?

    7. Re:Begs the question... by Rei · · Score: 5, Informative

      Too good of a post to have posted as AC. :)

      What the parent needs to realize is how tough it is to scale up rockets to orbital, because you have to invest more and more of your energy into accelerating your fuel. It is quite possible, in theory, to get a moderate cargo to orbit from air launch (tow-launch, drop-launch, or carry-launch) if you use very high ISP engines and a very low mass craft. However, if you don't, your ability to just drop from an aircraft quickly becomes untenable; even a Cossack couldn't carry, say, a scaled-up SpaceShipOne.

      The real benefit from air launch, BTW, is not the altitude, but the fact that you don't have to plow through the atmosphere as much and don't have the problems associated with having your engines firing right near the ground (which is more likely to damage them). And ramjets would be great; unfortunately, we cancelled the program because of the premature Mars mission spending :P We need a good workhorse before we commit those kinds of resources to Mars.

      --
      If a tree falls in the forest and no engineer observes it, does it have a drag coefficient?
    8. Re:Begs the question... by myowntrueself · · Score: 3, Funny

      "plus all the PR (trips to schools, educational programs)."

      I can just imagine it...

      little kid; "Are you really an astronaut, mister?"

      nasa astronaut; "yeah, son, thats right" (gleaming smile)

      little kid; "how many times have you been in space mister?"

      nasa astronaut; "well, I havn't actually been *in* space, but we train for it all of the time!"

      little kid; "ummm when *are* you going into space then, mister?"

      nasa astronaut; "I'm unlikely ever to go into space, son"

      little kid; "so how come you are an astronaut?"

      --
      In the free world the media isn't government run; the government is media run.
  2. What really sucks... by BackInIraq · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...is that there isn't much need for Astronauts in our new service-based economy, so they're gonna have a hell of a time finding a new job.

    1. Re:What really sucks... by PhotoBoy · · Score: 4, Funny

      Buzz Aldrin: Sir, please make sure your tray table and seat is returned to its upright position.
      Passenger: No! Where the hell's that beer I ordered???
      Neil Armstrong: It won't be a minute, sir. I just need to make one giant leap to reach the cupboard where the beers are.

    2. Re:What really sucks... by ScentCone · · Score: 4, Insightful

      ...is that there isn't much need for Astronauts in our new service-based economy, so they're gonna have a hell of a time finding a new job

      Well, then there hasn't been a need ever, if that's how you look at it. But try this instead: these are some of the smartest, most physically and intellectually hardy, well-rounded people on the planet. Every one of them is better equipped to teach than most teachers, better able to fly than most pilots, better able to handle stress than most soldiers/firefighters/police, better able to understand and work with complex systems than most engineers... somehow I think that someone with those skills is hardly going to be working at, well, Disney's Space Mountain ride. There are plenty of systems engineers I know making six figures that would love to have one of these folks as a boss. Just the aerospace defense area alone could gobble up the entire astronaut-trained team in any one month's hiring cycle.

      Now... does holding analysis review meetings quite measure up to flying to the moon? No. Does grading orbital mechanics term papers have quite the same panache as shrieking into LEO with a billion dollar payload? No. Is my job boring? Most of the time. They'll deal with it just fine.

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
  3. Useful contact info by novakane007 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Hey NASA, I suggest you contact this guy named Burt Rutan. Apparently he's pretty good at putting together elegant solutions for a relatively low cost.

    --

    WURD!!
    1. Re:Useful contact info by wes33 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      tell Rutan to call NASA when he knows how to put something into orbit (there is a difference between 100 km up and mach 2 and 500 km up and around and mach 25)

  4. hmm by Tibor+the+Hun · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Don't mistake my sarcasm for flamebait, but does this then mean that ex-commies will have to ferry our capitalist asses to space?

    --
    If you don't know what AltaVista is (was), get off my lawn.
    1. Re:hmm by JeffTL · · Score: 5, Informative

      You don't need the future tense. Without the Shuttle, when we send someone to the ISS, we already have to let the Russians do the transportation.

    2. Re:hmm by FunWithHeadlines · · Score: 5, Insightful
      "Don't mistake my sarcasm for flamebait, but does this then mean that ex-commies will have to ferry our capitalist asses to space?"

      Why not? Current commies (China) make almost all our clothes, our toys, our machines....

  5. What do you call an astronaut who won't fly? by FunWithHeadlines · · Score: 4, Interesting
    Right, an astronot.

    OK, more seriously, I think the era of NASA is in decline and the era of private spacecraft is in ascent. Some of those astronauts may yet fly, but they might have to retire from NASA to do it.

  6. Need to hurry up and get back out there by virex · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's amazing how far we've come in the past 36 years. We were once going to the moon, now we can't even go to space! We need to get up there, no matter how we get there. Be it spaceshipone, or the shuttles, or something new. What NASA really needs to do is stop canceling all the good ideas for vehicles. They'll let the planning and testing go on for 8+ years and then nothing comes out of it.

    1. Re:Need to hurry up and get back out there by smashin234 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Although you are correct that it appears we are going in reverse, by not actually adopting new things, and not going to the moon or doing big missions (such as Mars.) NASA has been doing things.

      Since the 70's, NASA's budget has not been the top issue (it has gone down steadily since we stopped going to the moon.) And we also no longer wanted to beat the Soviets in space (since we already did that.)

      We still have the technology to go to the moon, and I would even hazard to guess the technology is there to go to Mars as well, but the money is not there.

      And the testing money NASA is spending, well think about that as trying to get itself to Mars on a limited budget. If something will not work to accomplish NASA's probable main mission, why stick with it?

      NASA has accomplished several smaller probe missions. But the fact is, that with such a smaller budget and the fact that we are still the main financier's for the international space station; NASA has issues with its budget right now. So, write to your congressman if you want to go out to Mars or goto the moon again, because right now its those people who decide whether we go or not. (Think oversight committee as well.)

  7. private sector by 53cur!ty · · Score: 3, Insightful

    They need to move to the private sector where there are still some with the balls to boldly go...

    Nasa is defunct and crippled, if it were a pet we'd put it out of its misery!

  8. Are we supposed to feel sorry for them? by no+parity · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's our money they spend, and it's not meant for their personal pleasure.

  9. What were they thinking? by christopherfinke · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Didn't NASA realized that their shuttles were becoming obsolete? Shouldn't they already be building to next shuttle in order to avoid 15-year downtimes?

  10. Launching: NASA Virgins by nacturation · · Score: 3, Insightful

    With all their paid training they've received, they're perfect for landing jobs in the private sector. In the last year, we've seen a huge initiative for private ventures to go into space. Who better to be the vehicles' operators than existing astronauts? Throw in some stock options, and I think they'd do quite well for themselves. Richard Branson wouldn't hesitate to hire them, not just for their experience but also for the PR value it would have.

    --
    Want to improve your Karma? Instead of "Post Anonymously", try the "Post Humously" option.
  11. sell space station on eBay by peter303 · · Score: 4, Funny

    If you could get ten cents on the dollar for the $90 billion International Space Station you could keep manned space flight going for some time.

    Why does this make me want to cry instead of laugh?

  12. Why is space flight so difficult politically? by October_30th · · Score: 5, Interesting
    All face an uncertain future and development of the next-generation space vehicle could take until 2015.

    Why is that?

    The first shuttle was built in the 70s using decades old know-how. Why has it taken so long to produce its successor?

    Is it the technological challenge, or is it just politics that keeps the manned space exploration down?

    --
    The owls are not what they seem
  13. steps of plan. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    1. scrap current plans
    2. buy Soyuz rockets from the Russians
    3. invest the billions you save out on other projects like lunar colonies, exploration drones and advanced propulsion systems.

  14. why don't they build a couple more copies? by WormholeFiend · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The current design is proven, it's not like they'd have to go through the whole design process/testing again.

    Just order the same parts, new, and put them all together.

    1. Re:why don't they build a couple more copies? by ebrandsberg · · Score: 4, Insightful

      a) I actually doubt they could build another, like the Saturn V rockets
      b) Much of the cost of building something like this is figuring how to build the parts to spec, and chances are, they don't have the tooling in place anymore
      c) The only thing the current shuttles have problem is that it is too complex and too costly to send on missions.

      While politically impossible, it would be far cheaper to buy launches from the Russians to put these guys into space.

    2. Re:why don't they build a couple more copies? by Bender0x7D1 · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Do you really think that we lack the capability to make something that was made in the 1960s? Yes, there might be a large start up cost since many of the tools are no longer in use, but we also have technologies and automation that was unimagined in the 60s.

      I have heard this argument time and again - we can't make the parts anymore, we don't know how. I am waving the BS flag on that. I challenge you, or anyone else, to point to a part used on the Saturn V rockets that can no longer be made. I am not saying that it can be made inexpensively or mass produced in a factory, but point to something that absolutley cannot be made.

      Also, do you need something made to spec? What size? I'll measure it with my laser. Need to examine it for flaws? I can use my PC and a camera to look it over for you. Need an X-Ray of it? I can do the same thing. Need to check calculations? Forget your slide rule, I've got a TI-92.

      In short, I doubt there is anything technologically impossible about creating more Saturn V rockets. I doubt there is even a financial reason it can't be done - NASA declaring they are spending billions to buy a new "fleet" of Saturn V rockets will motivate companies to produce what is needed for a reasonable cost (in most cases). What we really need is the political will to say this is important and we need to fund it.

      No bucks, no Buck Rogers.

      --
      Reading code is like reading the dictionary - you have to read half of it before you can go back and understand it.
    3. Re:why don't they build a couple more copies? by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Cost is probably most of it. But we'd have to fully recreate the original tooling to build one. Making a part of dimension xyz is only part of the problem. It also has to be of the same original material. Thermal expansion/contraction would play a big part in it. Part A & B need to work with part C. If C is built of a newer, better(?) alloy, that's not necessarily a good thing, if it expands at adifferent rate than the original...

      Could we duplicate a 1972 Pinto? Not a look alike, with a better motor and suspension, but an actual duplicate 1972 Pinto. Sure. But at a cost of 5x the original. Finding that 5x is the problem.

    4. Re:why don't they build a couple more copies? by dbIII · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Do you really think that we lack the capability to make something that was made in the 1960s?
      We no longer have the plans, the infrustructure or the people with skills - the Saturn V was the culmination of years of work by people with years of experience. We could put one together in a few years after building all of that up - but don't expect the first one to be any good.

      Also, do you need something made to spec? What size? I'll measure it with my laser.
      We've had good enough length measuring devices for over a century, you'll find that where a laser is available micrometers are still used, and as for examining it for flaws "a PC and camera" won't do the job any better than back then. Industrial endescopes get you into hard to reach places, and ultrasonics has progressed a bit but still gives you no more info than 1960's x-rays.
      Need to check calculations? Forget your slide rule, I've got a TI-92.
      They had computers back then too - but the computer is a tool of the designer and cannont design anything itself. We can pull apart the example Saturn V and make replicas of the parts but unless we know exactly why they are designed that way it isn't worth doing - something will go wrong. When you build really big rockets the stresses on the very thin walls you need to stop the whole thing melting are immense - so it doesn't take much of a flaw to make the thing split. That's why the Russians use lots of little rockets clustered together instead of one big one, and why the shuttle has boosters instead of being on top of one really big rocket.
  15. And to think when I was a kid... by BHAX · · Score: 5, Funny

    When my fourth grade teacher asked me what I want to be when I grow up, I told her, "I want to be an ASTRONAUT Mrs. King". She told me I could do it, if I apply myself. Never before have I been as grateful for chronic drug abuse and not living up to my potential as I am today. It's not like the title says, "Network Tech's Face Bleak Odds for Hooking up Patch Cables"

  16. Is there some reason not to have human feelings? by ianscot · · Score: 4, Insightful
    The answer is: Yes, we're supposed to feel some sympathy for people who spend their lives training for an extraordinary and meaningful experience, but who may not see their dream fulfilled. No, we're not supposed to be completely callous to their aspirations.

    I'm a much bigger fanboy for robotic space exploration, and not much of an advocate of the shuttle program. (Nixon basically pimped the shuttle by exaggerating how cost effective it could be, in a spectacular example of how much government largesse the 'Publicans are capable of when the military industrial complex stands to benefit. IMHO, of course.) That doesn't keep me from sympathizing with astronauts who are, by all accounts, pretty impressive people.

    Putting yourself in other people's shoes isn't a weakness.

    --
    "Fundamentalism" isn't about divine morality. It's about human authority.
  17. If Rutan had NASA's budget by RealAlaskan · · Score: 4, Insightful
    tell Rutan to call NASA when he knows how to put something into orbit (there is a difference between 100 km up and mach 2 and 500 km up and around and mach 25)

    If Rutan had NASA's budget, the question would not be ``Will they get into orbit?'', but ``Which planet will they orbit next?''.

    1. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by Rei · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A lot of people don't seem to realize that NASA is a research organization, not a space cargo organization. Most of their budget generally goes to new research. Even a sizable chunk of the shuttle's budget (from which that 13k$-15k$ per kilogram number comes from, compared to 10k$ for Ariane-5 and 7k$ for Proton and Long March (although they get the benefit of cheap labor)) goes to research on how to lower maintenance costs and improve performance of reusable craft. The shuttle itself was really a research craft; you might have noticed that most of NASA's manned space program craft have been designed to try and push the envelope. If you want a cargo workhorse, use a Delta or Atlas, or go overseas.

      As an example of how much research NASA does, just take a look at how many papers there are on NASA's site that just contain the word "novel".

      Rutan doesn't do research. He doesn't have the budget for it. His budget was about right for what he did: a completely unscalable joyride craft.

      --
      If a tree falls in the forest and no engineer observes it, does it have a drag coefficient?
    2. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by afidel · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yes, because there were SO many existing ways to keep a glider from going over MACH before Rutan built his craft. NOT. Rutan researched and designed a novel way to accomplish his goal and did so with a budget of only $20 million to research, design, test, and launch his craft three times. I'd say that's pretty damn good use of money and he even managed to do some R&D along the way =)

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    3. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by NatteringNabob · · Score: 3, Insightful

      That the Rutan flight represents some sort of triumph of capitalism over big, bad, governemnt is laughable. In the first place, Rutan's project relies on 'space age' materials pretty much all of which were invented on the government's nickel. IF Rutan had to fund all of the basic research that culminated in SS-1, he would have been bankrupt in a week. Second of all, SS-1 is capable of putting a few hundred pounds barely into space. The 30 year old shuttle design can put 20 to 30 TONS into low earth orbit. Delta and Titan rockets, developed by NASA, can put several ton objects in geosynchrous orbit. And, of course, NASA has sent men to the moon, and unmaned spacecraft to Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Standing on NASA's shoulders, private industry has managed to put 200 pounds 60 miles up for a couple of seconds. Color me unimpressed.

    4. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by Rei · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Keep it from going over mach? I hate to disappoint you, but SS1 *did* go over Mach 1. And, furthermore, there *are* lots of programs for simulating compressible and incompressible flows as you get accelerating through/decelerating from supersonic speeds. I can get you about half a dozen open source computational flow dynamics programs that can simulate a craft ahead of time if you'd like. And guess what? A good portion of them were originally developed by NASA ;)

      > Rutan researched

      He did not research. He *developed*. You need to learn what research is. Rutan took already existing technology (much of which had its fundamentals laid out by NASA research), designed a craft, and built it. For comparison, I don't call it "research" when I write a program that utilizes Blowfish encryption; developing Blowfish encryption was the "research". :P

      --
      If a tree falls in the forest and no engineer observes it, does it have a drag coefficient?
    5. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by Rakishi · · Score: 3, Insightful

      There is always poverty, war and corruption. If you think throwing $10 billion or $100 billion at education will do anything to solve the problems you truly do not understand the causes. Social problems are insanely hard to fix using money alone or non-draconian laws. If you care so much about education then why are you opposed to Nasa? Those $10 billion are probably well worth the interest they generate in science among children. Smaller classrooms are worth jack shit if children don't want to learn and their parents are too lazy to make them study. The summit seems to me like it's another attempt at "Make everyone equal, make everyone mediocre."

    6. Re:If Rutan had NASA's budget by LiquidRaptor · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Off you're quoted website
      In the spaceship Vostok 1, Senior Lieutenant Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin orbited earth one time at an altitude of 187 3/4 miles (302 kilometers) for 108 minutes at 18,000 miles an hour

      Spaceship one went to 100 kilometers, for 2 minutes? and went maybe a few hundred miles/hour. In other words not even close. NASA didn't do it, because theres no point.
      Is it a vital first step in a private space program, yes.
      Is it important to the worlds space program, no.

  18. 2 jobs by YrWrstNtmr · · Score: 4, Informative
    "Although flying in space is the highlight of an astronaut's career, little time is actually spent in orbit. In fact, during a 10- year assignment with NASA, an astronaut will probably fly in space only three times. There is much more to being an astronaut than time spent in orbit. An astronaut's ground duties can be broken down into two major categories: training for space flight and serving as a technical expert in some portion of the space shuttle or space station programs. "

    Excerpt from RedNova

  19. Private Companies by randall_burns · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Odds are the Bigelow space prize will be won well before 2015. That means a private space shuttle will be available for purchase. The best thing nasa can do is focus on scientific missions and provide a market for the contestant in that prize-instead of trying to compete against them.

  20. math genius by boarder · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Yes, I'm sure you'd be saying "Thank God for space debris" if you were one of the family members of the crew who died. It certainly was convenient for them to die to save you some money.

    Oh, wait, did it save you money? Let's look at this... $600,000,000 to launch (I'll take your number because I'm too lazy to look it up). There are about 100,000,000 taxpayers in this country, so assuming two launches per year, you have saved yourself $12/year. Go buy that new car you've been lusting over with that. 12 fucking dollars, man, and you are bitching! Maybe buying two subs from Subway is more important than a bunch of scientific research, but we won't debate that. The annual budget of NASA is 16 billion, which comes out to $160/year/taxpayer for EVERYTHING they do (satellites, mars missions, aerodynamics research, plasma physics, etc). The WEEKLY budget of the Iraq war is 5 billion, and that is just the Iraq war not all of the defense dept.

    Even if you'd rather save the $12/year to not launch, did you even think what it costs to research the failure and fix the issues? The return to flight costs were around 1.2 billion (that included all the research into the accident and all the new testing and procedure development). They haven't launched in two years and only had three launches planned in that time, so you saved all of $3/year. Woooooo!

    And astronauts have real jobs when they aren't flying. Some are doctors, some are plasma physicists, some are just normal engineers doing research. They aren't always training for a new mission; they are using their single paycheck to do a normal engineering job until it is time to train and fly.

    --
    IANAL, but I play one on /.
    1. Re:math genius by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      That argument can be made on most government programs. "Dammnit, why not spend $10 per tax on [insert pet cause here]. It's really nothing!"

      Course, what if I give you your $10 bucks for space jaunting, are you going to give me my $10 to research a cure for MS or Lupus, or are you going to start raging about liberals and their damn tax and spend ways?

  21. man... by enrico_suave · · Score: 3, Funny

    I bet the makers of Tang, are pissed...

    e.

    --
    Build Your Own PVR/HTPC news, reviews, &
  22. Too many astronauts by Yeechang+Lee · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Deke Slayton, one of the Mercury Seven and the longtime head of the astronaut corps (i.e., the guy with the final say on flight crew assignments), pushed hard to use an airliner-style crew system for the shuttle. That is, have a small group of pilots and mission specialists that would fly repeatedly together, with one-off payload specialists handling mission-specific duties. He'd seen how frustrating life was for the later '60s astronaut classes that only saw a few members fly, and sometimes not for decades. And this was back when NASA genuinely believed each shuttle would spend as little as two weeks before launching again.

    Instead, we got the worst of both words: A launch schedule in which four shuttles did at most a dozen launches a year together, little likelihood of even that annual figure in the three remaining shuttles' lifetimes, and an astronaut corps that numbers in the hundreds with new inductees coming in every two years. That's just crazy.

  23. To paraphrase Jurassic Park by the_skywise · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "This *is* a space program isn't it? I mean, when you have a manned space program there will be times when people go into SPACE, right?"

    "I hate that man..."

  24. The "Excess Eleven" by Animats · · Score: 4, Interesting
    NASA's done this before. NASA's astronaut class of 1967, hired for the "Apollo Applications" program that didn't happen, called itself the Excess Eleven. Most of those guys quit or were laid off in the early 1970s.

    One wrote a book, "The Making of an Ex-Astronaut".

    1. Re:The "Excess Eleven" by ShieldWolf · · Score: 3, Informative

      You said:

      "Most of those guys quit or were laid off in the early 1970s."

      From the article:

      "Seven stayed on through the 1970's and finally got to fly aboard the space shuttle."

      In reality most stayed on and actually got to fly.

      --
      just = (My)Opinion.toCents();
  25. Nuclear Rockets? by serutan · · Score: 5, Interesting

    When somebody mentions the shuttle program ending, I never miss a chance to plug nuclear rockets. I know it's the "N" word, but read this fascinating article detailing a design for a fully reusable, non-polluting rocket ship based on the Saturn-V form factor. Powered by Gas Core Nuclear Reactor engines emitting only non-radioactive hydrogen, the ship would be capable of carrying 1000 Tons of cargo into orbit and returning an equal amount of cargo to a powered landing. For comparison the shuttle's cargo capacity is less than 30 tons.

  26. Voting with Tax Dollars by MonkeyCookie · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Now that would be an interesting form of democracy. You vote for politicians to come up with different programs, and then each person gets to vote for where their tax dollars go: a bit like allocating where your 401K money gets invested. The gun nuts can have their tax dollars go to the military, the geeks can have their tax dollars go towards NASA, and the hippies can have their tax dollars go towards environmental protection.

    I imagined that there would be a lot of boring, yet essential for a smoothly running country, items that would be almost ignored under such a system.

  27. Right place, right time by cratermoon · · Score: 3, Informative

    In the last 1960s, Al Bean had been assigned to the Apollo Applications project. He didn't expect to get into space for years, if ever. As it happened, his friend Pete Conrad needed someone to be LMP for Apollo 12, and knew Al was good and was working on long-term stuff that could wait. Al became the LMP for the flight, his first in space, and the 4th man to walk on the moon.

    Everyone in the Astronaut training program is looking for their chance to jump the line and get wings, and you never know how might turn out to be the one to flip the critical switch for SCE to AUX and save the mission.

    Bean later flew in space again as a Commander on the Apollo Applications mission that became Skylab.