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NASA Schedules Robotic Spacecraft Launch

Nathan writes "NASA has finally set the launch date for their first robotic spacecraft, intended to "rendezvous in orbit with other satellites without any human intervention", to the 15th of April. The spacecraft, called "DART" as an acronym for "Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous", cost $110 million dollars and weighs 800 pounds."

107 comments

  1. ENOUGH by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Funny
    with the April Fools jokes already!

    ....oh, wait.

  2. Finally by majestiq · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Haven't the Russians been doing this for ages with their "Capsules"?

    1. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's what they "wanted" you to "believe".

    2. Re:Finally by wingsofchai · · Score: 5, Informative

      The Soyuz space capsules have three seats, one for a tourist and two for the crew. So no. You're thinking of Progress, which is unmanned, but still controlled by humans from the ground.

      --
      Reading at high threshold levels is group-think.
    3. Re:Finally by cheesybagel · · Score: 1

      Whichever name you call it, capsule, logistics module, a Progress is pretty much a modified Soyuz with things removed (like the heat shield for a return trip) to add extra space for cargo.

    4. Re:Finally by igny · · Score: 1

      The Soyuz space capsules have three seats, one for a tourist and two for the crew. So no. You're thinking of Progress, which is unmanned, but still controlled by humans from the ground.

      Of course Russians controlled the automatic dockings. But how many times did they have to override the computer and go into manual mode?

      I believe NASA will also control their experiment, otherwise how will they know that it was successful?

      --
      In theory there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice there is. - Yogi Berra
    5. Re:Finally by SpinyNorman · · Score: 1

      Yes, and for that matter they also retrieved moon rocks robotically a long time ago (1970s?).

    6. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      But the docking maneuver with Mir was done automatically. That was one of the funny things about the capsule crashing into Mir, it was under manual control for some reason. I guess the pilot didn't trust the automation :)

    7. Re:Finally by ehack · · Score: 2, Informative

      apparently they need a special antenna to do this docking, costing a small amount of money to be paid to Ukraine, and at that time they didn't have the money to purchase this.

      --
      This is not a signature.
    8. Re:Finally by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If memory serves me, the people on the ground wanted to test manual dockings as an alternative to fully automatic dockings, in order to cut costs.

  3. Hmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    "rendezvous in orbit with other satellites without any human intervention"

    Does that sound like a patent application to anyone else?

    1. Re:Hmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Insightful? It's supposed to be funny you insensitive clod!

    2. Re:Hmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      "rendezvous in orbit with other satellites without any human intervention"

      Does that sound like a patent application to anyone else?

      No it sounds like the rise of the machines.
    3. Re:Hmm by Kierthos · · Score: 0

      I, for one, welcome our patented orbital robotic overlords.

      Kierthos

      --
      Mr. Hu is not a ninja.
  4. rendezvous without human intervention? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Sounds like a rocket scientist's night out.

    1. Re:rendezvous without human intervention? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Takes one to know one.

  5. Doesn't this... already happen? by Sampizcat · · Score: 2, Insightful
    From the article: "the first robotic spacecraft designed to rendezvous in orbit with other satellites without any human intervention"

    So, basically, it's the same as any other non-manned launch, except this time it's going to meet up with another satellite? True, that sounds incredibly complex... but don't they do that already with manned craft? What's so special about this? And is it truly "autonomous", or will it receive instruction from ground control? If it's truly autonomous, then I will be slightly impressed: the thought of satellites up there mucking about by themselves is rather interesting (watching illegal TV I'd imagine!).


    Sampizcat

    1. Re:Doesn't this... already happen? by caryw · · Score: 1

      According to their fact sheet (pdf) the mission will be completely autonomous. The DART spacecraft even has collision avoidance algorithms. It seems that this spacecraft was designed only to repair one particular satellite (MUBLCOM), although several of this satellite currently exist. Anyone know if the services of this DART spacecraft can only be used once, or can it travel the LEO repairing all MUBLCOM's it comes in contact with?
      --
      NoVa Underground: Where Northern Virginia comes out to play. This means you Fairfax County

    2. Re:Doesn't this... already happen? by asimmon6 · · Score: 1

      This will be the first "completely" autonomous non-manned renedezvous for NASA. The Russians's have done this using different methods, using guidance systems that rely on lasers and optics. A good portion of this systems guidance controls will use differential GPS to create orbit maneuvers for rendezvous which NASA has never done. However, the Japanese have already done this several times with ETS-VII in 1998....but who cares about those damn Japs anyway.

    3. Re:Doesn't this... already happen? by iamlucky13 · · Score: 1
      Anyone know if the services of this DART spacecraft can only be used once, or can it travel the LEO repairing all MUBLCOM's it comes in contact with?
      I'm going to guess no. In all likelyhood, it only has enough fuel to reach one satellite and would not be able to drastically change it's orbit like it would have to in order to reach another satellite. Plus, it wouldn't have enough spare parts for another satellite. I suppose however, if the need to repair two similar satellites at about the same time arose, the lessons learned from this mission might be applicable to designing a single launch mission to both satellites. Cost would probably be the deciding factor.
  6. Cute. by DarkHelmet · · Score: 1, Funny

    With the delays, I was beginning to think that they'd be shooting boxes of Duke Nukem Forever into space along with the robots once it was time for launch.

    --
    /^[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}$/i
  7. Hot dang! by sandstorming · · Score: 1, Insightful

    Thats $137,500 a pound... If we built them out of Gold we would have build 19 of them. (Cheaper then Oil atm i guess ;)

    1. Re:Hot dang! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah. And how many years of work from PHd's does that include? Software development? Hardware development? Hardware testing? Insurance?

    2. Re:Hot dang! by nyekulturniy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Let's consider that when we spend money on space, we're not putting several million dollars in a capsule and shooting it into orbit. We are paying for people... scientists, technicians, programmers, tech writers, program managers, accountants... the money is recirculated in the economy, and we learn something each time.

      --
      Nyekulturniy... Proudly confusing readers and editors since 1981!
    3. Re:Hot dang! by Barryke · · Score: 1

      NO, thats not $137,50 a pound. The article is wrong. RESEARCH COSTS for DART are around 110 USD

      --
      Hivemind harvest in progress..
    4. Re:Hot dang! by grozzie2 · · Score: 1
      Actually, you are partially right. The payment is for a vehicle (rocket) that's rather strong, and rather light (before fueling). The engineering that got it that way was expensive. There is also a very expensive engine, designed to be used once, for about 5 minutes. Then there's a huge amount of very expensive rocket fuel. The actual payload, is an almost insgnificant part of the whole package, yet that's all the gets into orbit.

      Your millions of dollars are not in the capsule, they are in the rocket under it, and will get nowhere near orbit. The majority of it is going to be burned up and discarded long before reaching orbit.

      I remember once as a lark, we did some experiments. We burned a $us1 bill in an almost pure oxygen environment, and measured the heat output. We used that data to calculate how a compound system would perform, if it used money instead of rubber compounds. The final conclusion was, it wouldn't have the specific impulse needed as a launcher, but as a maneuvering system in orbit, we'd have to load it with $100 bills before it became more expensive than liquid hydrogen/oxygen system.

      Rockets are wonderful things, not many ways to burn more money, in a shorter timeframe, than by using rockets.

  8. Which idiot abusing modding privledges... by sandstorming · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Just modded down the first 11 posts to 0?

  9. NASA vs Software Houses by The+Amazing+Fish+Boy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "We're prepared for launch," launch director Omar Baez said Friday during a televised news conference from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. "The next two weeks are crucial. There's a lot of work that's got to be done, but we're getting there."

    Something I've always wondered about is whether very professional organizations (e.g. NASA) operate in the same way as software developers. Because when someone involved in Software says to the press, "We're prepared for launch," it usually means something a little different.

    I would hope this wouldn't be the case with NASA or scientists with similarily important jobs, but does this happen? I mean, they have bosses to answer to and deadlines to meet. Just curious.

    1. Re:NASA vs Software Houses by RKBA · · Score: 1
      but does this happen?

      Yes.

    2. Re:NASA vs Software Houses by feronti · · Score: 1

      Something I've always wondered about is whether very professional organizations (e.g. NASA) operate in the same way as software developers. Because when someone involved in Software says to the press, "We're prepared for launch," it usually means something a little different.

      Not for all software organizations... just the ones that don't build critical systems. There are methods for building software that either doesn't contain bugs, or handles bugs gracefully... the problem is that they're extremely expensive (i.e. they take a lot of time) and only really work on systems that are extremely well understood.

      Most software that people are aware of using doesn't fall into the critical category... generally, it's ok for it to have a few bugs, as long as it's cheap. The problem comes when people start using software that was never meant to be used in a critical system (e.g. Windows) in systems that are really critical systems (e.g. warships).

      What has to be done when establishing a software product is to define what an acceptable number of defects is and what an acceptable recovery time for failures is, and then hit those targets. There are statistical methods for determining what percentage of defects have been removed (defect seeding) as well as methods for ensuring they don't get there in the first place (structured walkthroughs, formal methods). Again, these methods cost money and time, so you only want to apply a level of rigor that's necessary to meet your quality goals.

      In the case of NASA, for their critical (read life-risking) systems, they will accept 0 bugs. And so their process reflects that. Granted, that's just one small group at NASA, but if they know how to do it anywhere, then, where it's necessary, they can do it for other projects as well.

    3. Re:NASA vs Software Houses by Stunning+Tard · · Score: 1

      It's probably one of the things NASA's PBMA (Process Based Mission Assurance) is supposed to address. But it might not be within the scope, I don't work there. ARES Corp PBMA

    4. Re:NASA vs Software Houses by muizenkatten · · Score: 0

      This is very interesting to know.

  10. Cost and weight in a convenient unit by kfg · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    To maintain the Slashdot tradition of technical excellence in scientific units, such as the Library of Congress, the Olympic sized swimming pool and the telephone booth, I have managed to come up with a single unit which can be used to describe both the cost and the weight of a space faring vessel; and I bestow upon this revolutionary new satellite the honor of being the unit measure:

    It is hearby declared to be one Anna Nicole Smith.

    KFG

  11. Why not rescue HST then? by Jump · · Score: 3, Insightful

    So NASA decides a robot mission to rescue HST is not feasable, but the same time they develope this kind of mission for other purposes? Makes we wonder if NASA is just helping the Pentagon to build new SDI technology. Clearly, HST is not something the Bush administration is interested in. Instead he wants telescopes like SPITZER which are infrared cameras - ideal for observing the earth. I wonder how many infrared telescopes build for the secret service are already monitoring us...

    1. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by whathappenedtomonday · · Score: 5, Funny
      I wonder how many infrared telescopes build for the secret service are already monitoring us...

      You'd be surprised. Oh and please stop picking your nose and sit up straight. Sincerely, Department of Homeland Surveillance.

      --
      I hope I didn't brain my damage.
    2. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by kfg · · Score: 1

      Makes we wonder if NASA is just helping the Pentagon to build new SDI technology.

      Ya think?

      KFG

    3. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are an idiot. HST was not designed for this type of servicing. Why can't you just let it go? People who are (obviously) smarter than you have decided it can't be done autonomously.

    4. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by ctr2sprt · · Score: 1
      So NASA decides a robot mission to rescue HST is not feasable, but the same time they develope this kind of mission for other purposes?
      That doesn't really surprise me. Satellites aren't built to be repaired. If they get damaged too badly they're dropped into the ocean. Launching the Shuttle into space is simply too expensive unless the satellite is really valuable. With the Columbia disaster, Shuttle launches just became too expensive to repair any satellites, and it has nothing to do with money.

      I would expect that as these satellite-repairing bots become more advanced we will see newer satellites which are designed to allow easier repairs.

      I wonder how many infrared telescopes build for the secret service are already monitoring us...
      I love how asserting any paranoid theory on Slashdot gets you modded insightful.

      On an unrelated topic, there is a herd of purple dancing elephants who live in my closet, but light makes them invisible. Sometimes at night, in the dark, I can see them laughing at me. My friends say it's just the outline of my clothes being blown by the air conditioner, but I know they're lying. It just proves that my friends are all on the payroll of the elephants. We're fast approaching a world run by a shadowy heliotrope proboscidean ecdysiast cabal operating out of my bedroom. It may already be too late to stop it.

    5. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hubble has been serviced in orbit a few times. (first was to repair the mirror). The Hubble hasn't been 'damaged badly', it's used up expendables.

      The whole premise of the 'on topic' part of the previous post is that if we might lose astronauts, then we shouldn't consider doing it. That sort of thinking will stop us in our tracks if we follow it, and keep us only on robotic missions forever. No one who goes up is unaware of the real risk level, it's pretty clear and pretty consistent. Yet they still go up. I say we support them and get our space legs, knowing it's still a risky business.

    6. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by Quantum+Fizz · · Score: 1

      Because a simple robotic rendezvous with a spacecraft is an entirely different feat than having a robotic rendezvous with HST that includes opening the doors, swapping out old hardware and replacing it with new hardware. It was even harder to do than the astronauts originally intended, at one point they had 5 of the 7 astronauts EVA trying to get the Hubble onto the shuttle arm.

    7. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by ramblin+billy · · Score: 1


      Don't worry - we are monitoring the situation. Now you know why we need the infared telescopes.

      billy -excuse me,but I have to ask...if the elephants are invisible...how do you know they're purple?

    8. Re:Why not rescue HST then? by GileadGreene · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Please try to get over the misconception that NASA is the only agency in the US that does things in space. NASA is a civil agency. It does not do military work. Most of its employees are not cleared. Military space work (like SDI aka BMDO aka MDA) is done through the Air Force and the Navy (primarily the Air Force). The Air Force has its own programs for demonstrating the kind of mission that NASA is doing with DART: look up XSS-11, and Orbital Express. One would imagine that Secret Service satllites would be handled by the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), since it's their job to develop and operate satellites that image the Earth.

  12. I'm not sure why this is so significant by theolein · · Score: 3, Informative

    At the moment, as far as I know, both the European ESA, with their ATV and the Russians, with their Progress do this same thing, i.e. autonomously meeting and docking with ships in orbit (the ISS mainly). Apart from that, I can't imagine that the technology is all that spectacular that NASA wasn't able to do this in the past. Or is this a case of NASA wasting money in trying to reinvent the wheel, so to speak?

    Is there some aspect to this that really is new?

    1. Re:I'm not sure why this is so significant by Sampizcat · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Yes, I think so actually. I'm starting to see the point... that no humans are involved.

      Think about this: What's the most expensive part of a space mission (apart from the launch)? Maintaining the humans on board once they're in space. Think about all the extra food, supplies, and all the space "wasted" on the astronauts. Imagine now if you could do away with them, and have machines do everything in space for you? Imagine if machines built the ISS? How much more space could be devoted to materials with each launch!

      And for those that scoff at the idea: Think of the mars rover. That was remotely controlled (correct me if I'm wrong). Why couldn't somebody remotely control a robot to perform a task? True, latency, but, a few seconds, depending on the altitude. Or even completely autonomously, as this article could lead to. Have a robot build a space station, all by itself - no human intervention whatsoever (not even relaying commands to ground control). Sounds pretty cool to me.

      Sampizcat

    2. Re:I'm not sure why this is so significant by L0C0loco · · Score: 1

      No, the cost is in designing and building a system that is safe for humans. The so called manned-rating makes things very close to ten times more expensive as compared to hardware that does not get close to an astronaut. Besides the mountain of paperwork, the hardware itself has to meet completely different requirements.

      The autonomy of spacecraft varies over a wide range. It is one thing to build a robot that has been told where to go, harder to build one that has to figure out what is what and where it should go, and challenging to build one that can do that and service something like Hubble. It has been said that it is cheaper just to build a new copy of Hubble and launch it then it would be to build the robotic servicing mission hard/soft ware. The real question is not the cost, but which enables the future. We have already built a Hubble. It would be a huge savings if we could get the "man" out of the requirements. Afterall none of the A's in NASA stand for astronaut!

      --
      -- Instant Karma's gonna get you! [320848 = 2*2*2*2*11*1823]
    3. Re:I'm not sure why this is so significant by ramblin+billy · · Score: 3, Insightful


      Dart is not designed to be a working satellite. Dart is a technology proving platform. It is the first of 3 vehicles currently being developed. Dart, at least for now, is not intended to actually do any work on other satellites. This mission will include various tasks including velocity matching, station keeping, and collision avoidance. Supposedly, Dart should approach no closer than 5 meters to the DoD target satellite. Once Dart launches it receives no position or tracking updates from external sources (fire and forget.) Dart is built by Orbital for NASA. Boeing is currently building an unmanned repair satellite named ASTRO (Autonomous Space Transport Robotic Operations) that is set to deploy in March 2006. ASTRO is a DARPA project. The third related program, the XSS-11 (Experimental Spacecraft System-11), is being built for the USAF by Lockheed. This system uses video imaging for close proximity maneuvering, can remain in orbit for a year, and is capable of approaching multiple "targets of opportunity." Of course, all these systems details are classified, so what is really going on is anyone's guess.

      The one obvious use of a satellite that can approach other satellites but can't repair them is to ram them. Interestingly, Dart is also proving LIDAR tracking, which should be harder to jam than RADAR. Space is an excellent environment for beam weapons. The Army is also researching kinetic energy weapons that could easily be adapted for the XSS-11. The projected launch date for that program is November of this year. Rumor has it that China has, or will soon have, small interceptor satellites that could be used in swarms. At one USAF conference it was suggested that small versions of Dart-like satellites could serve as a kind of outer space "Coast Guard" to protect friendly assets. It is also interesting that the Bush Administration has abandoned the ABM Treaty but has not announced any policy regarding space-based weapons systems.

      It seems inevitable that there will be space-based weapons - probably sooner than later. With the current reliance of the US military's battle plan on reconnaissance, data linking, and real-time situational awareness, the protection of space-based assets is of vital priority. The increasing use of unmanned vehicles also relies on the physical hardware maintaining the communication links. There is NO CHANCE the military will not deploy space-based systems to defend their assets. There is little chance they will reject offensive weapons designed to destroy the enemy's systems. It is my impossible dream that the battle will stay in space - but I'm afraid the logical next step is the capability to attack terrestial targets with space-based systems. Hurling rocks from orbit is a little too god-like for me to intrust to any of our current leaders. No evolution - no orbital bombardment. That seems fair, doesn't it? Besides, weren't we supposed to be going to Mars?

      billy - "why no, we don't have any weapons in space!" ; )

    4. Re:I'm not sure why this is so significant by pedroloco · · Score: 1

      Think of the mars rover. That was remotely controlled (correct me if I'm wrong).

      It depends what you mean by "remotely controlled." The one-way light time between Earth and Mars varies from about 5 to 20 minutes, so you can't drive the rovers with a joystick. Also complicating the issue is that rover controllers no longer work around the clock like they did during the primary mission - it's too expensive to have people to have people work like that for 6+ months. Instead, rover commands are generated during regular working hours rather than during local Mars rover time. It's probably more correct to say that the rovers are "remotely commanded."

      The rovers do have some autonomous capabilities. Ground controllers can send up commands to tell the rover to drive to certain way points and avoid any obstacles along the way. (See here.) However, ground controllers still need to double-check the rovers' final position after autonomous drives. Issues like wheel slippage on slopes and sandy surfaces can mean the wheel odometry may not match the actual distance travelled. Also, the rovers don't have the capability to automatically decide what's scientifically important and what's not - people still have to make those decisions. The rovers are a considerable way from being autonomous.

    5. Re:I'm not sure why this is so significant by WhiplashII · · Score: 2, Interesting

      A lot of good points, but "dropping rocks" from orbit is a lot harder than it looks. Small rocks wouldn't survive reentry, and large rocks are too hard to move to an impact trajectory. Remember, in order to alter the orbit of an object large enough to do damage in order to miss the Earth we would need years and notice and use of our most powerful energy sources. Unless we find a rock almost about to hit Earth anyway, it would be nearly impossible to do damage using rocks.

      This is a common enough thought that perhaps there is a misunderstanding of orbital mechanics? If you are on the space station, and throw a rock down, it will go down for half an orbit, then come back up and smack you (or if it misses it will go about as far up away from you as it went down). In order to have the rock hit Earth, you need to throw the rock hard enough to go into the atmosphere and not bounce back out. If you throw it directly behind you, you have to throw it 200-400 m/s or so. But then it reenters like any other meteorite - unpredictable impact zone and unlikely to survive atmospheric heating. To really cause damage, you would need to give it 2000-4000 m/s (about half orbital speed) so that it goes almost straight down. Of course, that takes so much energy that you might as well just use an ICBM.

      The danger from space would be beamed weapons. My favorite would be a high-intensity millimeter wave transmitter - it would cause intense, nonlethal, but dibilitating pain in the target. That way you can incapacitate all the bad guys, send in the good guys, and noone has to die. (Well, before the trial at least...)

      --
      while (sig==sig) sig=!sig;
  13. Hubble by b0lt · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Is there any way to use it to (attempt to) fix Hubble? There's not all that much risk, it would keep Hubble operational, and it would test robotic technology. Is the robot functional enough to carry out repairs?

    -b0lt

    --
    got sig?
    1. Re:Hubble by quarkscat · · Score: 1

      This new generation of robotic satellite does
      not have the capabilities necessary for the
      autonomous or remote repair of the HST (neither
      adaptability nor dexterity nor payload).
      This next-gen NASA robotic satellite is, however,
      capable of the interdiction and destruction of
      OPSes (Other Peoples' Satellites), its intended
      function.

    2. Re:Hubble by helioquake · · Score: 1

      This is a "technology validation" mission, i.e., TEST. NASA doesn't know if it really works or not, though NASA's engineers are confident. Besides, the key element of this test is

      (1)to rendezvous and dock with an arbitrary satellite autonomously,

      and not about unscrew the screws to take off panels and to remove and replace modular units with little human intervention. To fix the HST that hurdle needs to be cleared.

      Anyway, I surely hope DART works. [But I have this nudging feeling that pegasus's gonna miss its intended orbit...]

  14. NASA had to change the name by azaris · · Score: 4, Funny

    The original name was Lightweight Automated Weaponless Navigation Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous Technology, but for some reason they shortened it to DART.

    1. Re:NASA had to change the name by ABeowulfCluster · · Score: 1

      I bet they did it so they wouldn't take an eye out.

    2. Re:NASA had to change the name by houghi · · Score: 0, Redundant

      The original name was Lightweight Automated Weaponless Navigation Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous Technology, but for some reason they shortened it to DART.

      So the original was LAWN DART.
      Perhaps because in the future the W of 'Weaponless' will not be accurate anymore.

      --
      Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
  15. Because its not just a delivery vessel by Shivetya · · Score: 4, Insightful

    A few people mentioned Russian cargo ships and such but miss the point. Delivery of cargo is just one optional mission for this device. The main objective seems to be remote servicing of satellites. As of right now that work is done by people if at all, most of the time it is just cheaper to replace the satellite in question. It could also be employed on a quick launch basis to survey a shuttle or other craft that suffered possible damage during launch. How about take oxygen or similar to such a damaged craft until a rescue can be performed?

    There are many possibilities. Repairing the hubble would be outside of its domain as you would now need to design satellites with remote servicing as part of their design. This could open the door for more modular (generic) satellites. Besides opening the door for more nations to own them it creates new avenues for businesses in the future.

    --
    * Winners compare their achievements to their goals, losers compare theirs to that of others.
    1. Re:Because its not just a delivery vessel by Verio+Fryar · · Score: 1

      But the only thing this satellite can do is to rendezvous. DART can't repair Hubble nor survey the Shuttle. It is only a rendezvous demostration. Russians mastered this technology decades ago and ESA is going to put it operation next year. However.

  16. DART Acronym by connah0047 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The spacecraft, called "DART" as an acronym for "Demonstration of Autonomous Rendezvous"

    And the "T" stands for...?

    1. Re:DART Acronym by Nifrith · · Score: 2, Informative

      Yeah, I was confused by this. Reading the fine article however:
      "Demonstration for Autonomous Rendezvous Technology"
      Yeah. So. There.

  17. In the news... by quarkscat · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Gee, why is this so significant?
    Well, try tying a few news articles together.

    (a) Bush revives the Star Wars program
    (b) Bush cuts NASA spending (HST)
    (c) NASA invests in robotic satellites
    (d) Bush appoints Star Wars exec to head NASA
    (e) NASA announces first robotic satellite

    Anyone that cannot add these up and come up
    with the correct answer -- the USA is fully
    engaged in the militarization of space, is one
    can short of a six-pack.

    1. Re:In the news... by GileadGreene · · Score: 2, Informative
      the USA is fully engaged in the militarization of space

      They may well be. But NASA's mission has nothing to do with that. NASA is a civil agency. Military space work is done through the Air Force and the Navy (primarily the Air Force). The Air Force has its own programs for demonstrating the kind if mission that NASA is doing with DART: look up XSS-11, and Orbital Express.

    2. Re:In the news... by FleaPlus · · Score: 1

      (b) Bush cuts NASA spending (HST)

      Not to nit-pick, but Bush has actually increased NASA spending. It's one of the few non-defense portions of the government which have actually gotten increased funding under his watch.

    3. Re:In the news... by MyLongNickName · · Score: 1

      Don't let facts get in the way of a good argument...

      --
      See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    4. Re:In the news... by quarkscat · · Score: 1

      Perhaps Dubya has increased NASA funding --
      but not for the repair of the HST (Hubble
      Space Telescope). The real money is going
      into robotics, and the very same prime
      contractors that work for NASA also work
      (mainly) for the Department of Defense.
      Federal funds earmarked for "civilian"
      robotics space missions is fungible, as is
      the technology. A pretty neat way to hide
      the massive increase in military spending is
      to spend NASA money on technology that will
      transfer to the military. It is no mere
      coincidence that the new head of NASA was
      plucked from the Pentagon's Star Wars program.

      Every Bush initiative (excepting military)
      since 2001, be it national security (borders
      & seaports), education (No Child Left Behind),
      Medicare/Medicaid, or NASA's proverbial "Mars
      Mission" have been severely underfunded mandates.
      With the exceptions of warfare, and rewarding
      corporate financial contributors, every other
      "big Bush initiative" has been underfunded.
      In nearly all instances, the states have been
      required to pick up the "slack" and increase
      taxes to make up for the lack of Federal funds.
      Those Federral funds went into 3 years of tax
      cuts and tax reform that primarily rewarded
      the "fat cats" and corporations.

    5. Re:In the news... by FleaPlus · · Score: 1

      Hating Bush is all well and good, but could you elaborate more on your space robotics -> militarization connection? You seem to be stating it rather axiomatically, and I'm afraid I don't follow your logic.

      Disclaimer: I'm an avid roboticist and have done robotics research in the past. I'm fairly neutral on militarizing space, but am a very big advocate of developing robotic technologies, particularly because they're damned useful for pretty much any space-related activity.

  18. Mistakes by bostonsoxfan · · Score: 2, Funny

    Well lets just hope they don't confuse meters and feet. We know what happens when NASA does that.

  19. If... by JustOK · · Score: 4, Funny

    If it was completely autonomous, wouldn't it set its own launch date?

    --
    rewriting history since 2109
    1. Re:If... by d474 · · Score: 1

      Moderators +Funny the parent, please!!!

      --
      Authority questions you. Return the favor.
  20. bolt on rocket by zogger · · Score: 1

    If they can bolt a rocket on to Hubble to de-orbit it (the current announced scheme), why can't they just bolt on a rocket and increase it's orbit and park it, until such a time as repairs are cheaper/easier? Why do they have to trash the entire telescope? Once it's orbit is increased, it's maintenance costs are minimal, just needs to be kept track of, same as all the other space stuff. And they already do that.

    My best guess is the people making the decisions are basing the decision on some weird behind the scenes politics, not the science involved or engineering. It costs a lot of money per lb to get stuff up, Hubble is there, weighs a lot and is still sort of working and could be repaired, just the money isn't there at this time and they want to not have to rely on the Shuttle to do it. OK, I can see that, shuttle is old now and just not in that good of shape. That doesn't mean ten years from now (whatever) it wouldn't be possible given tech advances.

    1. Re:bolt on rocket by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The difference is that if the destination is the ocean, then it doesn't matter if it's still functional when it lands there. If it's getting a higher orbit, then it needs to be still functional, not rotating at high rates, etc.

      I do question the original comment on "people smarter than you decided it couldn't be done". As I understand it, it is more that it costs more than they felt it was worth. That's a whole different kettle of fish.

    2. Re:bolt on rocket by grozzie2 · · Score: 1
      Actually, you are way off here. Simply boosting it is a lot more expensive than you would think. Hubble's orbit is rather low, necessitated by needing to be in shuttle range. It needs to be boosted a LOT to reach an orbit that'll be stable for a large number of years. Once there, it's just more space junk, cuz without new batteries and gyros on a regular basis, it cant be kept functional. As well, the ground end of collecting the data from hubble doesn't come cheap, it's a government program with way more than it's fair share of pork, resulting in many millions of waste.

      A lot of people here on /. are quite confused about the cost of servicing the hubble. It's not just the cost of the mission into orbit to service it, widely reported in the 500 million range, it's also the increased cost of another 5 years of operations after that mission. The political pork involved with hubble operations earthside is easily burning up 200 million a year, so that adds another billion dollars to the tab.

      Hubble is political pork of a bygone generation. It does some cool stuff, but, no sane person can say it actually produces unique data worth a billion and a half dollars. In the political world, that money can buy a lot more votes directed elsewhere.

      If hubble had a de-orbit pack on it, it would be down already. The ONLY reason it's being debated at this point, is because they cant de-orbit it today, and nasa is bound by international agreement to prevent an uncontrolled re-entry of something that large. It wont take a very large delta-v to put it on a trajectory that guarantees a mid ocean impact. It will take a fairly substantial delta-v, over multiple burns, to lift it and cicularize the orbit such that it's in an orbit that'll be stable for 50+ years. And what you get for that, is 25 year old technology, parked in orbit. When the time comes that systems are available to actually go service it, nobody will want to, it'll be cheaper to just lift something new and modern. It's kinda like if you were buying a car today, if you had $35K to spend, would you buy a nicely restored model T, or would you buy a modern vehicle, for your commute to/from work?

      _IF_ hubble actually had a good mirror, things would be different. A good optical surface of that size, will have value today, and the same value in the future, but, that's not the case. The optical surface in the hubble is flawed. the systems have been kludged to try salvage the original investment, but, it's never been as good as it should be, and anybody 'starting over' in the future, will want to start fresh with a mirror that's actually ground correctly. But that's another whole debate, for another time. It still amazes me to no end that they could actually get to the point of launching the thing, and having it in orbit, and nobody ever actually checked that the mirror was correct. that in itself says all you need to know about just how good the entire project was run, from day one, and why it needs to be scrapped.

    3. Re:bolt on rocket by Jivecat · · Score: 1

      without new batteries and gyros on a regular basis, it can't be kept functional

      Right, once the gyros fail the Hubble would start to tumble, making the chances of latching on to it (with a robot, a rocket motor, or a shuttle arm) mighty slim.

      The optical surface in the hubble is flawed.

      Not really. As far as the mirror itself goes, it's still one of the most perfectly shaped mirrors ever made. It's just that its shape isn't quite right for the Hubble. It was ground a little too flat, making its focal point slightly off from where they intended it to be, so everything was a little out of focus. The first servicing mission added a kludgey lens system to adjust things, like wearing a set of bifocals. But later instruments were retooled to compensate internally, and brought the focus up to intended specs.

      --
      "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled."--Feynman
  21. I was surpised... by JustNiz · · Score: 1

    to see it had GPS on board. Suprised because I thought GPS wouldn't work at that altitiude, i.e. possibly even ouside the ring of GPS satellites.

    1. Re:I was surpised... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, GPS satellites orbit waaay out there. 20,000 km as oppossed to 340km for the shuttle.

    2. Re:I was surpised... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, there are several amateur radio satellites with gps payloads. They work fine, so long as you use (build) a gps that doesn't make the optimzation-assumption that you're inside the ring.

      You also can't use most off-the-shelf GPS modules, as they have velocity/altitude lockouts to attempt to prevent them from being useful for homemade cruise missiles and such...

    3. Re:I was surpised... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I think that's a side effect of simply rejecting bogus values, and not part of The Big Conspiracy.

    4. Re:I was surpised... by grozzie2 · · Score: 1

      Actually, there are regulations in this area. It's been a lot of years, but i do remember having to jump thru a LOT of hoops to legally acquire gps equipment that would operate correctly in velocity regimes above 600 knots. Ultimately we got the approval, but that was 6 months after we finished doing the work, using equipment that was bought overseas grey market.

  22. Dumb mission by QuantumG · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Wow, isn't $110 million a lot for that? I mean, say you were a commercial concern and you wanted to do something that was actually profitable in space. You could send a robot probe to one of those asteroids that circle the sun in orbits close to earth and mine it. At least a few of those asteroids have high quantities of platinum. Say your robot probe could mine a tonne of it and return it to earth. How much would that be worth? Oh, about $30 million. So how many tonnes would your robot probe have to return to earth to be profitable? It's a finite number and wouldn't even make up a significant fraction of the total mass of the asteroid. Sounds like a pretty simple project really. If you could send back enough loads you could afford to sent humans instead of robots and cut out all that pesky upfront R&D. Just grab yourself 5 SpaceX boosters, point and shoot.

    Oh well, I suppose China/India/Japan or commercial interests will get around to it sooner or later.

    --
    How we know is more important than what we know.
    1. Re:Dumb mission by iamlucky13 · · Score: 1

      There's a lot of problems with this. First, do you know of any large asteroids made out of platinum orbiting close to the sun? There's some that contain significant amounts, but it's not like you can just grab a one ton chunk and expect it to contain 1 ton of platinum.

      Second, contrary to what you see in Armegeddon, asteroid mining techniques are not that advanced yet. By not advanced I mean non-existant. In fact, there's only been just one landing ever on an asteroid, and that actually something more of a low-gravity crash.

      Third, we don't have the capability right now to return a one ton payload. Genesis was returning at most a few milligrams, and it ended up making a hole in the ground.

      Fourth, the one probe that did land on an asteroid cost $150 million and it was pretty small.

      Fifth, $30 million return on each $110 million investment still yields a negative cash flow. I didn't even have to take economics to learn that. You need a 3.5 ton load just to break even (see point 3)

      Sixth, if you flood the market, one ton of platinum is no longer going to be worth $30 million (or whatever the current price may be).

      Seventh, while SpaceX is doing well so far, they haven't yet launched anything. Furthermore, the most mass they can theoretically get to escape velocity with their bigger rocket is 1.2 tons. You have to fit all your landing gear, mining equipment, and return vehicle in that.

      This is the first time an autonomous repair mission has been attempted and $110 million is about what I would expect.

    2. Re:Dumb mission by QuantumG · · Score: 1

      Well yes, you would have to process the asteroid to get the platnium out, but it would be very low tech. The whole system is easy to design and build, no new technology is needed.
      Returning the payload is easy, there's a number of options, but a bunch of cheap aerosol boosters would be more than enough. Point it at the moon and let gravity do the rest. De-orbiting it once it got to earth orbit would be harder. For a commercial interest that is, de-orbiting with the shuttle would be simple.
      The mining probe could return a tonne of material a week for years and years.
      The Eros probe cost $150 million cause it was made by NASA. Duh.
      100 tonnes would not even put a dent in the platinium market. Platinium is not like gold, it has millions of applications which gives it inherient value.

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
    3. Re:Dumb mission by grozzie2 · · Score: 1
      you seem to miss the important detail of physics. If you have that ton of platinum ready to go in the asteroid orbit, you now have to apply a delta-v to it, to put it on an earth intercept trajectory. that's gonna take a whole lotta energy that your little 1 ton asteroid miner just doesn't have. Assuming you found some magic, that does actually get you from asteroid trajectory to earth orbit for free, you are suggesting de-orbit with the shuttle. You just added 500 million to the cost of getting that stuff back.

      I love sci-fi movies, they can ignore economics and physics. Need an unlimited amount of energy, just grab another dilithium crystal, and all fixed up. Need to go somewhere fast, they accelerate from a standstill to super-light speeds, and the actors dont even get hit with the mildest of g forces on the set.

      Your plan will make a good basis for a script, but, once the plan is modified so that the physics work, the economics are gonna be way out to lunch.

    4. Re:Dumb mission by QuantumG · · Score: 1

      The "magic" you desire is called gravity. It takes little energy to boost a tonne of material into a capture with the moon which will leave it in orbit of earth. I suggested using the shuttle as we were talking about what NASA could be doing. Obviously just modifying the orbit so that it enters the earth's atmosphere would be enough to de-orbit a tonne of material with little loss. A parachute will do to ensure it doesn't make a crater. As for where all this energy comes from: space is an energy rich place. Our mining probe can sit on the asteroid collecting solar energy until it has enough to boost the materials into orbit. How would you turn the energy into thrust? Well the best way would be to utilise the materials that make up a significant portion of the surface of asteroids: hydrogen and oxygen. Solar energy could be used to turn asteroid regolith into rocket fuel. Again, it's simple 19th century technology. Using carbon in the regolith the probe could even make plastic to wrap the payload in.. hell, even the parachutes used for deorbiting could be made on the asteroid.

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
    5. Re:Dumb mission by grozzie2 · · Score: 1
      like i said, it makes a great movie script. For reality tho, come back when the stuff you talk about is actually feasable with technology available.

      The low energy transfer trajectories you are suggesting will take years to reach destination. Factor time into your roi equation, and the economics just got a lot worse.

      De-orbiting a ton of material, with no heat shielding, and 'little loss'. You need to go read up a little on the physics of re-entry. One ton rocks hit our atmosphere on a regular basis. The vast majority of them never get anywhere near the surface. For a really good example of what happens to something during re-entry, without 'really good' shielding, go read up on the last attempt at re-entry by the challenger shuttle. Between heat and aerodynamic forces, it turned into lots of little pieces, and scattered itself over a thousand miles length impact area. A lot of it survived, because most of the thing actually had good shielding, before it came apart, and once that happened, it was thru the worst of the process anyways.

      A one ton rock will survive very well, if the intercept trajectory with the atmosphere is vertical, at least 25% of the mass will survive the trip down, assuming it is relatively streamlined, and not some odd irregular shape. On a shallow angle entry, a few pieces will likely survive, but most of the damage is going to be done by heat and aerodynamic loading, long before it's slowed to the point a parachute could be deployed. Temperature will build during the initial entry, and the leading surface will literally melt. Uneven surfaces on the leading edge will introduce a high spin rate due to aerodynamic forces, then the entire rock is going to get soft from the heat, and then the aerodynamic loads are going to shatter it, most of those loads coming from the pressure gradient on the leading shock. All that's left at that point, is molten fragments, most of which turn into upper atmosphere dust. the whole process has the appearance of an explosion, but, what you are really seeing is the rock heat up, then shatter due to forces. the noise is the sonic boom from the velocity it's travelling at. The end result is the same, a pretty little fireball in the upper atmosphere, and if it's big enough, a bang that actually reaches the ground.

      It makes a great script for a movie, where energy is unlimited, g-forces non existant, folks can travel faster than light, and economics are not a factor. In the real world, till we have a quantum breakthru in propulsion technology, it's going to be way cheaper, and practical, to just dig this stuff out of the ground here on mother earth.

    6. Re:Dumb mission by QuantumG · · Score: 1

      Whatever, you're obviously more interested in nah-saying than actually thinking about the potential. You continue to talk about "rocks" entering the atmosphere, when I've made it clear that you'd be sending back almost 100% pure platinium, a metal which can go through heat shock with no ill effects.

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
  23. Use it to save the Hubble! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This thing should be able to attach itself to the hubble and use it's gyros to stablize the hubble, and maybe if they put some of those ion engines on it, push hubble to a higher orbit.

  24. Re:STRIKE ME DOWN AND MORE WILL FILL MY PLACE by ishepherd · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    I didn't expect a kind of Spanish Inquisition.

    --
    fud, notfud, yes, no, maybe
  25. Asteroid platinum project - poor investment by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you had a ton of platinum, you wouldn't be able to sell it all at the current price. People don't buy platinum by the ton, they buy it by the ounce; and a big part of its value comes from the fact that there isn't enough available to satisfy all the people who want it. As soon as you start selling thousands of ounces, the supply increases; and unless you can somehow increase the demand as well, that means the price drops.

    Now, platinum is useful stuff. Even if it were as common as lead, it would still be more valuable than lead because it has cool chemical properties, it's pretty, and it's non-toxic. It has some intrinsic value that would remain even in a situation of extremely large supply. But driving down the price drives much higher the number of tons you'd need to sell in order to make a mission to an asteroid profitable.

    Also: asteroids are a lot farther away than Earth orbit; they don't contain all that much platinum anyway; and bringing one back intact is a much harder problem than just going there. Remember, these are very heavy objects that you;re talking about moving at orbital velocities. You're looking at many billions of dollars, maybe trillions; far more than the piddling small change quoted for the mission we're talking about today.

  26. Read "Rebuilding America's Defenses" By the PNAC by alfredo · · Score: 0, Troll

    you will see bush and the neo cons want to use space to gain and control the world militarily. they not only want to use space for surveillance, but for a platform for attack on other nations and organizations that bush sees as potential competitors.

    Read the above document.

    --
    photosMy Photostream
  27. Not the first... by luna69 · · Score: 1

    > ...first robotic spacecraft...

    I have a problem seeing this as the "first robotic spacecraft". Sure, it's cool and all. But it's more of an example of progress in robotic spacecraft than it is a "first".

    Depending on how one defines "robotic", one can make the argument that ALL spacecraft are robotic, or that all non-manned spacecraft are robotic. After all, most/many spacecraft other than, say, Sputnik and similar "beepers" have had some degree of autonomastion and decision-making ability, however primitive.

    Still, this is a pretty nifty development.

    --
    No gods, no demons, and no masters. Secular Humanism!
    1. Re:Not the first... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The technical definition of robot is a machine that operates entirely independently of human intervention. It's just all the modern (mis)usage of the word that has led people to believe that remote control machines are also robots. They're not.

  28. MOD PARENT UP by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is the most on-target (no pun intended) post on the whole page.

  29. Or we could read the article... by Bonhamme+Richard · · Score: 1
    While previous rendezvous and docking efforts have been piloted by astronauts, the unmanned DART spacecraft will have computers and sensors to perform all of its rendezvous functions. Future applications of technologies developed by the DART project will benet the nation in future space systems development requiring in-space assembly, services, or other autonomous rendezvous operations.

  30. two stories in three articles to sister site? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It seems like Timothy likes repackaging Newsforge stories. Sometimes /. just sucks.

  31. DAR...T? by classical+piano · · Score: 1

    Where'd the "T" come from? Demonstraion of Autonomous Rendezvous. There is no "T". Is anyone else bothered by this?

    --
    Those who fear the darkness have never seen what the light can do.
    1. Re:DAR...T? by CdXiminez · · Score: 1

      Yes, I was, and I RTFA: "The Demonstration for Autonomous Rendezvous Technology, or DART..."

  32. This is bad news. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Sending robots into space? Where exactly do these people at NASA think cylons come from?

  33. The new compliment. by WindBourne · · Score: 1

    You are worth your weight in dart?
    I still like
    You are worth your weight in gold.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  34. Offtopic? yes. Funny? YES. by helioquake · · Score: 1


    Well it's maybe offtopic, but I find it funny.

    Tx for chuckle.

  35. Defeating the purpose? by rinkjustice · · Score: 1

    How is man to conquer space if we continue to send robots to do the job? Machines are supposed to take us there, not themselves there!

    Launching robots into space is like paying someone else to do your homework.

  36. PBS by ananegg · · Score: 1

    I just saw a thing on The News Hour about DART........ If your wondering why I was watching The News Hour, I was bored and nothing else was on, sue me.

    --
    Insert Pithy Quote here.
  37. Would a LEO collision be considered a success? by dolphin558 · · Score: 1

    I wonder what the verdict will be should the technology performs better than expected during the close proximity testing.

    1. "Sir, we just collided with a $400 million satellite"
    2. Success!

  38. nice... by torrents · · Score: 1

    how long before we can send robots with missiles up there... it's got to be obvious that nasa isn't just in the "exploration" business anymore... not that it's a bad thing.

    --
    Get your torrents...