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Resurrection Ecology Gives Life to Old Eggs

Ant writes "ABC News reports that scientists are bringing the past to life by hatching eggs once thought to be dead and producing colonies of animals as they existed decades ago. They are calling it 'resurrection ecology,' and it's a whole new field that quite literally allows scientists to observe evolution as it occurred, using animals that were quite different than their kinfolk today."

80 of 582 comments (clear)

  1. Side effects may vary. by suso · · Score: 5, Funny

    Resurrection Ecology Gives Life to Old Eggs

    Maybe this will put an end to those viagra emails I keep getting too. ;-)

  2. Finally! by aendeuryu · · Score: 4, Funny

    Can this possibly be used as an argument for evolution?

    1. Re:Finally! by HumanTorch · · Score: 3, Funny

      Can this possibly be used as an argument for evolution?

      Not until zooplankton evolve into seamonkeys it won't.

    2. Re:Finally! by larley · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Not exactly. There have been experiments which, for all intents and purposes, have been solid arguments for evolution. The evidence at this point is overwhelmingly present. However, many do not accept it despite the evidence.

      I mean, this will still not prove it for most creationists, since it will only show what can happen under closed, controlled conditions. It's never realistic enough to change the lives of the people to whom absolute, totally undeniable proof of evolution would be a faith-shattering experience.

      There will always be room for another Scopes Monkey Trial, even today. There are still creationist education groups. It's not like the evidence will be easily accepted by them, either. It will take more than just some simulated ecosystems.

    3. Re:Finally! by ultramk · · Score: 2, Informative

      Er, seamonkeys (brine shrimp) are zooplankton. If it can't swim against the current (on a macroscopic level), and it isn't a plant, it's zooplankton.

      Yes, this means most jellyfish are macroscopic zooplankton.
      m-

      --
      You catch enchiladas by picking them up behind the head and holding them underwater until they don't kick anymore -VeGas
    4. Re:Finally! by A+beautiful+mind · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yeah, i agree.

      It's just stupid evolution has to be dragged into every single discussion about something biology. When biologists say that they have a scientific consensus about the validity of evolution that means its the same when physicists say this about gravity.

      The people denying evolution are not lacking evidence, they are lacking education.

      --
      It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
      Be yourself no matter what they say
    5. Re:Finally! by zippthorne · · Score: 2, Interesting

      adaptation is not evolution (or proof of evolution) nor is extinction evolution (or proof of it) There is only one way to prove that evolution is possible: run an experiment in which speciation occurs. An experiment in which an actual new species develops from an existing one.

      Organisms are considered of the same species if they are capable of producing offspring which can also reproduce. (I am not sure how to define it for asexual organisms, though obviously the first experiments will take place in this regime)

      Lets hold off on judging people having faith in creation until the theory of evolution no longer requires a similar faith.

      --
      Can you be Even More Awesome?!
    6. Re:Finally! by RedWizzard · · Score: 3, Interesting
      When evolution shows a jump in species with a significant difference, then they would be more considering.
      There are numerous speciation events on record. See this FAQ. But observed speciation doesn't convince Creationists because their beliefs are not based on evidence and reasoning, they're based on faith.
    7. Re:Finally! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      But speciation has been observed. The Australian Eastern Rosella had a range extending from near Adelaide in South Australia to the Macpherson Ranges in SE Queensland. The sprcies had a continuous variation in colouring though this range from SW to NE. You could take a pair of birds of opposite gender and they would mate without needing any particular prompting.

      In the 1930's the Murrumbidgee Irragation Project destroyed a large slab of habitat in the center of the range of the bird. There were now two populations of Eastern Rosellas. In each group colouration tended to the mean of each region, with the result that now birds of opposite gender from the two regions will not interbreed without major human intervention (colouring the birds, or feeding them sex hormones etc).

      Given that the definition of species is a population of organisms that will mate and reproduce spontaneously under natural conditions, the Eastern Rosella is a text book case of Speciation, as outlined in the Origin of Species.

      The "no new species have been observed" objection is dead in the water. Note also that we're not talking about plankton or bacteria or virus here - we are talking about a parrot a bit bigger than a pidgeon.

    8. Re:Finally! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative
      Also, show me a mutation that was for the better of the species. All of the mutations I have heard about have been for the worse.

      Ok, I'll feed your troll. Read up on "sickle cell anemia" and how the people who carry this mutation almost always live normal healthy lives -- with the added bonus they don't die of malaria.

      Now the reason you haven't heard about this is because you've been wandering around with wads of cotton in your ears for your entire life. If you'd actually taken them out for long enough to pay attention in biology class you'd have heard about this and a hundred other mutant adaptations in the human race.

    9. Re:Finally! by Jeremi · · Score: 5, Funny
      If it can't swim against the current (on a macroscopic level), and it isn't a plant, it's zooplankton


      Hmm... by that definition, Stephen Hawking is a zooplankton.... so I think the definition is a bit broad....

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    10. Re:Finally! by Rocketship+Underpant · · Score: 5, Interesting

      "There are numerous speciation events on record."

      Most rational creationists accept that micro-evolution - the development of new species, sub-species, and distinct populations - occurs regularly, thanks to adaptive survival and the remarkable propensity of the genome to re-activate inactive DNA. I remember a recent example where a species of bacteria unable to digest lactose developed that ability within a few generations after being grown in a lactose-rich solution. The bacteria didn't gain this ability through random mutations, but by the activation of a previously unknown gene in the "junk DNA" part of the genome.

      There's also an excellent article in the latest American Scientist detailing the specifics of spider speciation in the Hawaiian islands. There seems to be little doubt that this sort of micro-evolution occurs constantly.

      However, many people (like myself) believe there is little or no persuasive evidence for macro-evolution, the spontaneous generation of radically new organisms marked by completely new genes, chromosomes, and physiological characteristics. There is pretty much no explanation of how such changes could occur at the molecular level. Michael Behe refers to it as a black box problem, since such macro-evolution can currently only be explained by treating very complex biological and chemical systems as black boxes. It's easy to imagine in macroscopic terms how a freckle might turn into an eyeball. It's impossible, however, to explain the process in molecular-evolutionary terms.

      In other words, macro-evolution is not really a theory, because no theoretical framework even exists yet. Note that one need not be a creationist to reject macro-evolution and abiogenesis as viable scientific theories (though there are admittedly few other options).

      Incidentally, I have read a fair amount on the subject, including the online article "29 Evidences for Macroevolution" and the relevant rebuttals. Nothing was persuasive; every "evidence" offered (1) were not necessary indicators of common ancestry, and (2) would not disprove the theory by their absences. They were simply interesting facts that could explained both by macro-evolution and by creation.

      (Please don't flame me here, I'm trying to make some honest and intelligent points about a topic that gets a lot of crazy people into an irrational frenzy. Don't be one of those people!)

      --
      He who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me.
    11. Re:Finally! by ultramk · · Score: 2, Informative

      Yes, it's a broad definition. In fact, it's an extremely broad definition. ...but that's what the definition is.

      Like the definition of "herb": defined (iirc) as any plant without a woody stem.

      m-

      --
      You catch enchiladas by picking them up behind the head and holding them underwater until they don't kick anymore -VeGas
    12. Re:Finally! by Mant · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Evolution doesn't require similar faith. It requires some faith, because all science does. Faith that if lots of people observe something, we can take it that that thing is actually happening. Faith in cause and effect. Faith that the universe is consistent in the rules it follows, they won't all change tomorrow, and didn't all change yesterday (and when they did change, like the very early universe, there were rules and reasons to it).

      Evolution is based on observations, scientists started with some observed facts, came up with a hypothesis and looked for evidence to back it up.

      Now, scientists have been wrong in the past, science is a process after all. So far though there hasn't been any alternative hypothesis that holds up nearly as well, while evolution has moved from hypothesis to theory.

      Creationism comes from myths and a time when people explained things they didn't understand with magic and gods. People believe in it now because they were taught it, or because it is written in the bible.

      There is a difference between believing something because it is the best explanation science currently has to offer, and believing something because it's a very old myth. Of course you can blindly cling to scientific theories irrationally when presented with differing facts, and that is as unreasonable as blindly clinging to religious beliefs when presented with alternate facts.

    13. Re:Finally! by RedWizzard · · Score: 4, Insightful
      However, many people (like myself) believe there is little or no persuasive evidence for macro-evolution, the spontaneous generation of radically new organisms marked by completely new genes, chromosomes, and physiological characteristics.
      At least one of those speciation events was a spontaneous doubling of the number of chromosomes.
      It's easy to imagine in macroscopic terms how a freckle might turn into an eyeball. It's impossible, however, to explain the process in molecular-evolutionary terms.
      I believe there are examples in nature of pretty much every likely step on the way to the eyeball: heat sensitive glans, camera obscura "eyes", etc. Whether the gaps between these steps are small enough, I'm not qualified to judge.
      They were simply interesting facts that could explained both by macro-evolution and by creation.
      Everything can be explained by creation, so there is no point weighing each fact in that way. Instead I think you should ask yourself this:
      Given a belief in God and creation what is more likely given the evidence: that God created everything according to the literal interpretation of the bible, but made all this evidence of evolution to [trick us|force us to have to take the bible on faith], or that God created the mechanism of evolution more or less as science describes it and that the bible [should not|does not need to] be taken literally?
      In my mind, the later seems more elegant and, following the principle of Occam's Razor, more likely. And surely a creation that essentially creates and evolves itself from the beginning is far more divine than a creation that is designed to last detail? But it's very much a question for religious, not scientific debate.
  3. Evolution? by psychgeek · · Score: 5, Funny

    How does this demonstrate evolution? Don't they know the eggs were planted there just to fool them???

    1. Re:Evolution? by sumdumass · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Well on a serious note, how do they know that the eggs that were dormant don't have some problem with them in the first place wich is why they were dormant?

      I mean, would somethign that was perfectly healthy and able to succed in life be dormant for no reason? If so then has the process of being dormant in any way changed the creature once they are hatched. How do we know what is discovered is any more acurate then the imagination of scientist that already try to point out the differences.

    2. Re:Evolution? by Bullfish · · Score: 2, Funny

      As the mythologists correctly point out, we must be fair and give equal time to other theories. I propose schools be required to teach:

      The stork theory in sex ed
      Flat earth theory in geography
      Green cheese moon theory in astronomy
      Politicians serving the people in Civics
      Toilet seat theory of STD vectors in health

      And this just in from ANN (Accurate News Network): Beer Causes Cancer in Asbestos Workers!

  4. makes you wonder.. by qewl · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Just KNOWING that creatures an be a hatched after that long stalled period makes you wonder about what life really is.. Offtopic, but this seems to help imply that death and birth don't really have beginnings or ends. Kind of scary to me at least.

    --

    (\_/)
    (O.o) This is Bunny. (> <)
    1. Re:makes you wonder.. by khallow · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Life is hard to define, however, understanding it is easy. The information is already in the Wikipedia, shown in numerous documentaries and well explained.

      It sounds to me likely you're dangerously close to treating Wikipedia as an authoritative source. And I certainly don't see how "understanding" life is easy.

      The fact that some bacteria have five hundred year long reproduction cycles and that others can survive dormant for thousands of years just shows that natural selection over billions of years produces more advanced creatures than we have done during the mere three hundred years we claim to have been civlized (if you count from the beginning of the industrial revolution - I personally do not view the present world as civilized)

      You are incorrect about the time frames. Modern man started breeding plants, animals, and microbes starting roughly 8,000-12,000 years ago. Yeast (used in making of bread and fermentation of carbohydrate rich fluids) seems to be an excellent counterexample to your claim above. Or perhaps the Border Collie or the rat.

  5. woohoo by iosmart · · Score: 4, Informative

    More SEA MONKEYS!
    http://ut.water.usgs.gov/shrimp/ "The life cycle of Artemia begins from a dormant cyst that contains an embryo in a suspended state of metabolism (known as diapause). The cysts are very hardy and may remain viable for many years if kept dry."

  6. Not Dead, Dormant. by Omkar · · Score: 4, Informative

    As the article says (in the headline, at least), scientists made dormant eggs hatch by putting them under the right conditions. "They found that eggs that had been trapped beneath the sediment years ago had never hatched, but miraculously, were still alive."

    It may be a landmark - I have no idea - but it's not resurrection.

    1. Re:Not Dead, Dormant. by metlin · · Score: 2, Insightful


      Bah, who cares for semantics when you can have sensationalism?

      Is it me or does the Red Queen Hypothesis also sound a lot like good ole' survival of the fittest thing that Darwin fella' had put forward?

  7. Wrong by davandhol · · Score: 2, Insightful

    You're using the popular definition of theory. Evolution will *never* be more than a /scientific/ theory. Gravity is "just" a theory, and will never become more than that.

    1. Re:Wrong by lahi · · Score: 2, Insightful

      No, gravity is what causes things to fall down etc. The theory about why things fall down - how gravity works - we call "gravity theory". Gravity is a force, gravity theory is a theory about gravity.

      -Lasse

  8. when you're a jet, you're kinda of jet, except not by Leontes · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This is freaking awesome. Jurassic park, except less Jurassic and more like last week, but I think anything that aids with understanding how evolution occurs is good for our possible survival as a species. We should make entire ecosystems of our own private galapagos, with different generations of creatures, to see if survival mutations end up being the same. I think it's an interesting idea, to really think of species as more as a temporal thing than just genetically different from others of their kind, they are different from others of their own family minus generations.

    Human beings of eighty years ago would have been able to deal with this impending crisis much more efficiently, let's bring some of that natural genetic drift back, for example. Sort of gets away from another accidentally arbitrary classifications.

  9. Re:sorry, ignore parent, consider this instead... by Repton · · Score: 3, Insightful
    This should probably be phrased as: "Can this possibly be used to show that evolution is more than just a theory?"

    What more is there to be than "just" a theory?

    --
    Repton.
    They say that only an experienced wizard can do the tengu shuffle.
  10. Jurassic Park Connection by Flywheels+of+Fire · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I thought "de-volving" DNA was a 50's sci-fi movie myth. I understand that it is sometimes possible, at least in theory, to "turn on" suppressed DNA, and that one could mutate and selectively breed modern species into creatures with traits resembling extinct species, but without the full genome of the extinct species to "rewrite" your modern genome into a copy of, you would just end up with a vaguely dinosuar-like modified bird, which would exhibit any mistaken assumptions of the breeders.

    Simply put, a bird would not "revert" into a real dinosaur, it would evolve into an immitation dinosaur. As far as frozen mammoth thread goes, I think it should be possible to reconstruct the mammoth genome from frozen DNA, as I understand that DNA is much more stable than most other organic structures. Once you had your genome to work from, if you had the time and money to devote vast biotech rescources I suppose a mammoth zygote could be synthesized, but it would be immpossible to guess the cost or time involved anywhere within several orders of magnitude. I have no proffesional training in any of this, I'm just an informed interested person throwing in my $0.02 worth in. However, if I was a betting man, I'd put my money on the mammoth resurrection group over the bird devolution group without a second thought!

  11. Re:I can't believe this wasn't mentioned by F13 · · Score: 3, Funny

    This is a Unix system. I know this.

  12. Eggstinct eggcology by Bifurcati · · Score: 4, Funny
    Not that I want to egg them on, but this is an eggstremely interesting eggsample of geneggic research. It eggstends the life of these species, so they can eggsist longer, before they eggsit this life. I hope they eggsplore the eggconomical option for less eggspensive procedures, and eggsceed their eggspectations.

    Most eggcellent!

  13. Structure & Energy by Quirk · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Life when considered in the form of a spore is structure, which when energy (food) is added, becomes life. Life is structure and energy.

    --
    "Academicians are more likely to share each other's toothbrush than each other's nomenclature."
    Cohen
  14. Wohooo!!!! by Tree131 · · Score: 3, Funny

    Let's hear it for the Dodo Bird!!!
    Those things must have been tasty if they went so extinct.

    Maybe I'll get to taste one in my lifetime...

  15. Microevolution by Rob+Carr · · Score: 4, Insightful
    These eggs show microevolution to be a fact, although most creationists will accept that. Microevolution is the mutation of a species to better adapt to it's surroundings by small amounts that do not create new species.

    The startling point is that we're talking about only 100 years. Given the number of generations the Daphnia can manage in that time, I guess I shouldn't be so surprised.

    But think: if you can get that much useful change in such a short amount of time, how much more can occur over hundreds of thousands of years?

    --
    This sig seemed like a good idea at the time....
    1. Re:Microevolution by lheal · · Score: 4, Interesting
      From TFA:
      About 80 years ago, when the predators were all over the place, the Daphnia retrocurva extended the size of its helmet and spines to make itself less appetizing. Later, when the number of predators shrank, the animal reduced the size of those features, thus conserving its energy for other uses.

      The researchers had hit pay dirt. The changes in
      Daphnia retrocurva were precisely what would have been expected as part of the predator-prey interaction.

      Furthermore, DNA analysis shows that the changes were passed on genetically from one generation to the next, until they were no longer needed, thus confirming that the researchers had caught evolution in the act.

      I'm not a Creationist. But I can't help thinking critically about stuff like this. There are a few holes in the picture that make it hard for me to buy TFA's conclusions.

      For instance, the bugs grew uglier so they wouldn't get eaten. How did they do that? But let's suppose they did. The article claims their DNA actually changed. I don't get that at all.

      It seems more likely that when there were more predators only the ugly bugs survived to leave eggs. The others got eaten. But their DNA didn't change, the tasty-looking bugs just got weeded out.

      In other words the DNA of the uglier bugs looks different because their parents were ugly. The problem with calling it an evolutionary change is that a subsequent generation was pretty again. If the DNA had in fact changed, they would have stayed ugly.

      Or is it late and I'm missing something obvious?

      --
      Raise your children as if you were teaching them to raise your grandchildren, because you are.
    2. Re:Microevolution by Jeremi · · Score: 4, Interesting
      Or is it late and I'm missing something obvious?


      Imagine an n-dimensional graph, with each possible bug quality expressed as one axis on the graph. In fact, to make it easier to visualize, let's simplify the problem down to just two dimensions for now: spininess and helmet size. We'll have have spininess indicated by the position along the X axis, and helmet size indicated by the position along the Y axis.


      Any particular bug will have a given amount of spininess and a given size helmet, and thus we can assign it a point on the 2-D graph. Now, when that bug has children, its children will either be identical to it (and thus be represented by the same point on the graph), or slightly different (in which case they will be represented by nearby points). We'll assume that since the differences in the children are due to chance (i.e. random gene mutations, luck of the draw in selecting a mate, etc), that the childrens' locations on the graph will show up as a small "cloud" of points, roughly centered on the parent's point.


      Now we throw some predators into the mix. These predators will (for whatever reason) have a preference for eating bugs of a certain quality -- in this case, they prefer bugs with smaller helmets and less spines, since they are easier to swallow. So, to represent the predators eating the bugs, we will randomly erase some of the dots on the graph -- and the key point is -- we will make it so that the closer the bug's dot is to the lower left (i.e. low spininess and small helmet size) the more likely that bug is to get eaten and his dot erased.


      Now, run the simulation for a few generations, and it should become clear what happens -- at each generation, each bug spawns, causing his dot to be surrounded by his children's dots, in a small cloud centered on him. But the dots in the lower left portion of the cloud get eaten more than the dots at the upper right portion of the cloud. So, when it's time for the next generation to spawn children, the grandchildren are (on average) a bit farther up and to the right than before.


      Now speed up the simulation to a good 30fps, and here's what you will see: it looks like the little clouds of dots are moving up and to the right! Of course, none of the dots themselves ever actually move ... a bug isn't able to change his spininess or helmet size. But the clouds move, because dots are being created randomly, but destroyed with a bias based on the predators' preferences.

      ... and the one day people dredged the lake (or whatnot) and the predators were mostly killed. Suddenly having giant spines and a big helmet no longer make any difference to the bugs -- they won't get eaten either way. What makes a difference now is energy efficiency -- bugs that can survive the longest on the least food are the ones that can reproduce the most. In this new scenario, it's the bugs who spend extra calories growing giant (useless) spines and helmets that are more likely to die without reproducing, and now the point-clouds are being "pushed" back to the lower left of the graph.


      And of course in reality the graph has any number of dimensions, not just two... and I'm sure I'm oversimplifying a number of other factors as well... but that is the gist of it.

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    3. Re:Microevolution by Scarblac · · Score: 2, Insightful

      t seems more likely that when there were more predators only the ugly bugs survived to leave eggs. The others got eaten.

      Congratulations, that is exactly what evolution is.

      But their DNA didn't change, the tasty-looking bugs just got weeded out.

      On average, next generations will be uglier because more of their parents were ugly. Not all of them will get ugly kids though - just a lot more than before. That means the population as a whole got uglier.

      In other words the DNA of the uglier bugs looks different because their parents were ugly. The problem with calling it an evolutionary change is that a subsequent generation was pretty again. If the DNA had in fact changed, they would have stayed ugly.

      When the predators were gone, being pretty was an advantage again - probably a higher chance to be picked for mating. This resulted in the uglier ones being weeded out, and the population became prettier.

      And that's all that evolution is. Plus a tiny bit of mutation etc to make the population diverse in the first place.

      Or is it late and I'm missing something obvious?

      The way evolution works is obvious.

      --
      I believe posters are recognized by their sig. So I made one.
    4. Re:Microevolution by Zapdos · · Score: 3, Interesting

      This just proves the need for genetic diversity within a species
      This research doesn't show a change in the animal, just a change in population ratios. During the time when there were a greater number of predators more of the small helmeted animals were eaten and therefore produced fewer eggs. Once the threat was over the ratios returned to normal levels.

  16. Huge gains by Kagura · · Score: 2, Informative

    Already, scientists have made huge strides in their research using this technique. Thanks to new technology and innovation, more and more creatures are able to be 'reanimated' in this way.

  17. Not a scientific article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Hatching long dormant eggs is interesting, I wish the article had more about that in it. I have always been fascinated by the fact that wheat from Pharoh's tombs in Egypt has been sprouted.

    However, this article merely takes that interesting subject and attempts yet again to twist it into another prove of the theory of evolution. The mass media does that with any major story in the life sciences area.

  18. evolution is "just" a theory because.... by Phil+Urich · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This should probably be phrased as: "Can this possibly be used to show that evolution is more than just a theory?"
    What more is there to be than "just" a theory?



    Evolution is "just" a theory because, although a theory is a statement of what we think something to be like, that includes in itself an inherent understanding that we can't know more than that, that we could always possibly be wrong . . . so evolution has trouble standing up to things like Creationism and it's masquerade/reinvention as "Intelligent Design", which offer eternal and proclaimed truths at their core. They have the gift of certainty; and unreal concreteness is often more persuasive than truthful equivocation.

    --
    I remember sigs. Oh, a simpler time!
    1. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by A+beautiful+mind · · Score: 3, Insightful

      According to my history and philosophy of science prof., Miklos Redei, the main difference between science and faith is that science can be proven to be wrong/false. Faith cannot.

      --
      It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
      Be yourself no matter what they say
    2. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by Stregone · · Score: 4, Informative

      The Theory of Evolution is not about wether evolution exists or not, it is about the process by which it occurs. It is a fact that evolution exists and happens, in the same way that gravity exists and various theories about gravity are not theories about the existence of gravity, but how it happens. The LAW of gravity does not state anything about what causes gravity, it simply describes the effect of gravity.

    3. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by A+beautiful+mind · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Actually maybe you should...

      Here in my country (not the states), even if you want an IT degree, you have to attend some courses about history and philosophy of science. It is essential, to say the least, that people have an open mind and actually know things like, what is (scientifically) a proof, or fact, or how science is progressing, how does the total knowledge of humanity grow, if it grows at all, etc. Amongst other things, it's taught that there is no universal all-time fact, you cannot prove anything forever because of this either. Only theories exist (scientifically speaking).

      Faith can be proven, by logic. "God is omnipotent, created everything, etc.". You cannot find a hole in that reasoning, logically speaking not from experience. But you cannot disprove it either, which makes it faith not science. That's the logic behind the distinction.

      More of this topic can be read in the books of famous and respected people, like Thomas Kuhn or Imre Lakatos.

      --
      It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
      Be yourself no matter what they say
    4. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by RWerp · · Score: 2, Informative

      You're wrong. Scientific theories are not "proven" in the sense we know they're 100% correct. Theories are demonstrated to explain the phenomena they claim to explain, the predict new phenomena which were unknown before and to withstand critical tests. For example, Einstein's special theory of relativity explained the known facts (it had Newtonian mechanics as it's low-speed limit and it explained Michaelson-Morley experiment), predicted new phenomena (E=mc^2, that the mass of moving particles changes, lenghtening of the life-time of decaying particles when accelerated to speeds almost equal to the speed of light). It also withstood experiments designed to test it. All of them. That's what makes a theory taken to be "correct". It's not, however, a 100% guarantee that Einstein's theory is right and there does not exist a "better" theory which makes the same predictions in the areas where Einstein was experimentally proven to be right, but also explains other phenomena, is based on different assumptions, and so on.

      --
      "Long run is a misleading guide to current affairs. In the long run we are all dead." (John Maynard Keynes)
    5. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by Jeremi · · Score: 2, Funny
      For me at least, if it cant be proven, it isnt real. This applies to everything.


      So to you, nothing is real except for some mathematical theorems? I wonder how you are able to get out of bed in the morning... :^)

      --


      I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
    6. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by Goth+Biker+Babe · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But a 'theory' is a logical argument that explains the observed facts. Gravity is a theory because the physics does exactly that. Newton's three laws were a pretty fine theory until Einstein came along. Generally theories don't get completely thrown out but revised as new data shows they don't quite fit the facts.

      If you have no evidence that's a 'conjecture'. Creationism is not even a theory it's a conjecture. Unfortunately the un-educated masses who believe all the codswhallop do not know of the difference either.

    7. Re:evolution is "just" a theory because.... by BorgCopyeditor · · Score: 2, Informative

      The idea that "falsifiability" is one mark of a scientific theory is usually associated with Karl Popper, who put it forth in The Logic of Scientific Discovery. This was in contrast to some Logical Positivists who argued that science contained verifiable assertions.

      --
      Shop as usual. And avoid panic buying.
    8. Re: evolution is "just" a theory because.... by Black+Parrot · · Score: 3, Insightful


      > There is no reason or sound evidence for abiogenesis yet

      Sure there is. It is well established that the universe was once inhospitable to life, and that now at least one tiny corner of it teams with life. Ergo, life had to start sometime between then and now. The only open questions about abiogenesis are the when, where, and how; the 'if' is a closed question.

      > which is necessarily a part of evolution (whether or not we want to admit it)

      No, evolution is what happens to a system of imperfect replicators. It doesn't matter in the least where they came from. In particular, it doesn't matter to biology whether life on earth arose from natural chemical processes or was put here by a magic pixie; that fact that life replicates itself, imperfectly, is sufficient for evolution to occur.



      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
  19. Regenerate! by Yonsen · · Score: 2, Funny

    Regenerate, brought to you by the Umbrella Corporation.

  20. Re:This would have never happened by EvilCabbage · · Score: 3, Funny

    Why, was he trying to hatch them himself?

  21. In related news... by xstonedogx · · Score: 5, Funny

    Slashdot poster brings back memes thought to be dead and produces jokes as they existed decades ago. He calls it "resurrection karma".

    Unfortunately, no good can come of it, as those memes are the same ones we have today.

  22. Unlocking the past by michael83r · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Just wait till researchers bring back a disease that that has been laying dormant for millions of years that wipes the entire human race out.. lol, but i do think what they are doing is cool. I'm sure alot will be learned.

  23. I wish people would read... by kangpeh · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If you guys had taken the time to read the article prior to posting a response, you would have realized the article talks about evolution throughout its entire contents. It then goes on to explain that "sunlight and warmth" (page 3, website) were given to the eggs, and they hatched. This, is NOTHING like Jurassic Park. This is basically just preservation of eggs from long ago which were able to be warmed and hatched many years later. It then talks about how they could see evolution take place within these new life forms. Hopefully, in the future, you guys can appreciate the fact that a submission was made and accepted because it was a genuinely interesting article/topic, rather than another attempt for someone to be the 'first post'. You guys are not trolls, nor do you have to be. That isn't how you get on in life. Being a troll will get you nowhere. If you can troll, then you probably have enough skill to get a job making $10/hour at minimum. Go out there and get that job. If you are a troll making more than that, however, then I look at you in disgust.

  24. Re:I can't believe this wasn't mentioned by nizo · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Yeah, but your scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could, they didn't stop to think if they should.

    I mean, bringing back extinct critters, what could possibly go wrong??? Then again, I wonder what a t-rex steak tastes like. Better living (and eating) through science I always say.

  25. Re:How d'ya like yer eggs? by metlin · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Because there are many facets to what can be defined as the fittest, and these are under constant flux.

    A few thousand years ago it was brawn, then it was a combination of both brain and brawn, today it is mostly brain -- but still, good looking folks do find it easier to find mates, due to reasons that go back in the evolutionary chain.

    That was my original point.

    We do not know what will constitute the "fittest" of tomorrow as we advance as a species and as a civilization, however that does not mean the non-fittest will be wiped out. Yes, maybe they will be -- but not overnight. Over genetic pool is far too interbred and mixed up for something like that to happen.

  26. I'm still holding out by WormholeFiend · · Score: 4, Interesting

    for samples of microorganisms from Lake Vostok

  27. These are microscopic eggs by syousef · · Score: 2, Informative

    From the article: Daphnia retrocurva are zooplankton that live in lake waters for one summer and then die, leaving eggs behind. Scientists have found eggs that didn't hatch for years -- and are hatching them to see how the animal has adapted over time. (University of New Hampshire)

    We're not talking about bringing back Dodos!

    --
    These posts express my own personal views, not those of my employer
  28. Re:How does this prove anything? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    It, uh, wasn't the same animal putting on or taking off a helmet.

    The eggs laid in prey-heavy years were born with spines & a helmet, and the eggs laid in prey-scarse years were not, even though they were the many-generations removed descendants of the former.

    The scientists weren't reproducing this situation in the lab, they were merely hatching old eggs to see which traits were dominant in which era.

  29. look harder by tehdaemon · · Score: 3, Informative
    His example is not a 'possible exception' There are dozens like it. Google for 'ring species' for starters.

    As for the difference between unwilling and unable, give it time. Any reasonable estimate as to how long such an event would take runs into hundred(s) of generations. We simply haven't had enough time for one to take place. Now, you can prove that it has taken place, but you have to accept genetic evidence for it. There is tons of genetic evidence for 'speciation' that has resulted in 'unable' but creationists don't seem to be willing to accept such genetic evidence.

    --
    Laws are horrible moral guides, moral guides make even worse laws.
  30. Re:Your bar seems a little low. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    I refer you to http://www.birdsaustralia.com.au/aoc/ , in the 2001 conference, paper 61 "Evolutionary Isolates and Cryptic Species in Australian Birds, Basis Nature: What to call Species" for a reasonably recent discussion of this issue.

    However I was first aware of this in 1992, I can't recall the original source, but it was fairly well known in Population Ecology Circles in Australia at the time.

    I can also refer you to www.geocities.com/pb56_au/mtbuffalo/ student/activities/speciation.PDF which illustrates the debate on this issue. Note that the species in central NSW have vanished, so in the map in this document imagine varieties that filled the concave side of the curved range shown.

    You are of cource correct that my "definition" was too lax, and I'll accept your correction on this. It doesnt dilute the point I was making however.

  31. You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by jgardn · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I mean, you have heard of Albert Einstein and the general theory of relativity? Gravity doesn't exist. It's not a force. It's a pseudo- or false force.

    Timespace is curved, and it's that curvature that gives the acceleration. There is no such thing as gravity, just as there is no such thing as centrifugal force.

    So there is a consensus on gravity - and that is that it isn't a valid theory.

    I'd like to point out that there is no real discussion between evolution vs. creationism, except in the minds of people who misunderstand science. Evolution is a really great theory, just like the General Theory of Relativity is a really great theory. You do know that physicists do not accept it as gospel truth and in fact are looking for a better theory to replace it, right? Aren't biologists looking for a better theory than evolution to replace it one day, or have they accepted it as a religion and begun treating it like a faith?

    Creationism is a completely different concept. It doesn't try to explain the origin of the diverse creatures. Believers of creationism instead look towards all things in the world around them and accept it as testament of the glory and intelligence of God. They also accept themselves as created in the image of God as children of God. Many scientists are creationists. That isn't contradictory. They treat science the same way as people did from previous generations: By understanding the natural world around us, we will understand the nature of God, and thus ourselves, better. In fact, for many of these scientist, it was a sort of divine inspiration to discover new intelligence or knowledge. Each point of science, each bit of evidence, each theory that seemed to work, was treated as a gift from God.

    Do you see how evolution doesn't even really enter the argument for creationists?

    --
    The radical sect of Islam would either see you dead or "reverted" to Islam.
    1. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Mant · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Just because gravity isn't a force doesn't mean it doesn't exist. Things fall to earth, mass is attracted to other mass and we call that phenomenon "gravity". The curvature of space-time is an explanation of gravity and the behaviour we see.

      GR, and SR, are really good in certain circumstance, but break down in others. Certainly scientists are looking to both test relativity in the places it works (like the recent satalite frame dragging experiments) and come up with new theories where it breaks downs, ones that will explain both quantum and macro level behaviour.

      Evolution isn't like GR, it doesn't have a equations, it is a much more general observation. In fact, it's more like gravity, stuff falls, animals evolve, the interesting science is in figuring out how and why. Scientists aren't looking to replace evolution but refine it and figure out the specific details.

      The discovery of DNA had a huge impact on evolutionary theory. There is research into how much impact spontaneous mutation has vs gradual section, and is evolution slow and steady vs sudden bursts.

      While you can certainly believe in God and be a scientist, you can't be a Creationist and a (good) scientist. If you reject the outcome of the scientific method because of faith or dogma, you aren't doing good science period. Of course if your area is nothing to do with biology it isn't going to intefere with you science. I'd seriously question the statement "Many scientists are creationists" though.

    2. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Belgabor · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Please mod parent up.

      I've always been wondering how Creationists (the evolution denying bunch of them) could fail to leave space for the workings of God in evolution. If I play advocatus diaboli (from my point as current non-believer) I could even argue 'How could something like evolution happen by pure chance? Doesn't it need the (maybe subtle) actions of God?'.

      If you take the time period 'day' in Creation as symbolical (eg replace it by 'a long period of time') you get all in all a pretty accurate recount of the current 'scientific' belief of how earth and finally we came to pass...

      As the parent poster said, believing in creation by (a) God and accepting evolution (or any scintific account on earth's history) is not mutually exclusive except in the minds of extremists. So please, biology teachers, it's your job to teach evolution as the current state of research. It the job of religious education teachers to tell about creation and show pupils how evolution makes sense in this context.

      Gosh, sometimes I just wish there was a god that could mod extremist creationist talkings -10 flamebait...

    3. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Coulson · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Aren't biologists looking for a better theory than evolution to replace it one day, or have they accepted it as a religion and begun treating it like a faith?

      Not all theories are infinitely reducible. Sometimes science "gets it right." By diligent application of the scientific method, the correct theory may be found. For instance, I doubt many scientists are out there still trying to figure out why the sky is blue, or why fire is hot. The existing theories are sufficient.

      Similarly, I don't think there are a lot of scientists out there looking for the next big thing to replace evolution. Instead, they're trying to work out the details (the mapping between genotypes and phenotypes, etc.) They're attacking sub-problems.

      It may be that examining the details will expose a problem that torpedos the whole theory, but it's specious to assume that just because something is a theory, it must be wrong. If that were the yardstick for measuring beliefs, faith wouldn't stand a chance.

    4. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Megasphaera+Elsdenii · · Score: 4, Interesting
      there is no real discussion between evolution vs. creationism

      We appear to be having one right now.

      Aren't biologists looking for a better theory than evolution to replace it one day

      No, not at all; there is not even the slightest hint that Evolution needs replacement; it is simply a very general and succesful a principle. All that is being done is filling out the details.

      Creationism [...] doesn't try to explain the origin of the diverse creatures

      Uh, last time I looked, it did. For instance:

      Believers of creationism [...] accept themselves as created in the image of God as children of God

      You appear to be trying to explain Man's origin right here.

      Many scientists are creationists

      Do you work in science ? I have been working in science (lifesciences) the last 15 years, must have met hundreds of scientists. Only 3 or 4 of them believed in creationism, none of them biologists, and none of them at professor level. It may be different in the U.S., though.


      Do you see how evolution doesn't even really enter the argument for creationists


      Most creationists (and you appear to one of them) are hellbent on 'disproving' evolution and 'proving' 'Intelligent Design' (newspeak for Creation) using nothing more than the bible (itself a text of debatable origin).


      Grow up.

    5. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by moz25 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The thing that bugs me about creationism being portrayed as real science is that it has a priori conclusion motivated by a priori beliefs. Do non-religious creationists even exist? (believing in a creator does not require being religious IMO) In practically every discussion I've had with a creationist, they often fast-forward from the "evidence" to plugging their religion. That bothers me, because they seem to be glancing over a whole realm of possibilities even if their initial claims are true.

      To me, that indicates a lot of bias on their part... certainly much more than a biologist who studies living creatures much more closely than any of us does. Creationists are inherently more biased since (from their view), being right means potentially having an eternal life. For them, there is much more at stake.

      You are right in a sense about the scientific method: scientists are always looking for ways to improve or replace theories. We hold on to theories because they provide the best possible explanation and (quantifiable) prediction of phenomena. If a better theory comes along, that doesn't mean previous ones are entirely invalidated. Usually (as with the theory of relativity), you will see that they are more accurate in certain ranges (e.g. very high speeds). You can still use Newton's theories for a whole range of applications.

      How much do you actually scrutinize the holy book of your religion? Crucial events described in your book are rather vague or conflicting. Who are the authors? How did they come by the information? Can they be trusted? Who controls the exact translations and makes sure their (subtle) meaning stays intact? That's just some examples of critical questions you could ask if you weren't so eager to accept the conclusion.

      To come back to the non-religious creationist thing: even if you can make a scientific case that things were designed by a super-natural force, that still does not mean that this force is the same as classical views of deities dictate, but rather an entity or group of entities outside our reality. Whether or not this entity is directly involved in humanity or its destiny is then the next major hurdle... and maybe even a bigger one. Certainly one that a true critical thinker would be interested in.

      I'm interested in hearing your view on these points.

    6. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Well, evolution is constantly being refined just as a "theory of gravity" is being refined. The general principle stays the same however (even for gravity, eventually it needs to explain how things fall down to the earth).
      So the theory of evolution, in my eyes, is not so much the fact that things evolve but what are the mechanisms behind it that allow nature to evolve. And, FYI this is a field where still much research is to be done. And it will affect the theory.

      The principle itself, is, like gravity, only based on induction. One or many observations of falling apples. It could be different tomorrow, but we all believe it will not be.

      Now, some speculation.

      Einstein was able to find a complete new way of describing gravity. In Evolution, we have some fields like population dynamics, evolutionary ecology and genetics (and probably more) that all describe parts of the whole process. It is not impossible that in 20 years someone comes up with a radical new way of describing evolution. Perhaps combining all above approaches. Perhaps it would allow for much better predictions etc etc. Still, the principle will probably stay the same.

    7. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Guuge · · Score: 4, Insightful

      From my vantage point it appears that evolutionists are often hellbent on wrecking people's faith.

      Oh really? As far as I know, no one is trying to force Sunday Schools to discuss evolution. But many religious groups throughout the country are trying to force science classes to teach creationism.

      Which pink unicorns you worship is your business. When you try to force those unicorns onto others, it becomes a problem.

    8. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Drooling+Iguana · · Score: 3, Informative
      If you take the time period 'day' in Creation as symbolical (eg replace it by 'a long period of time') you get all in all a pretty accurate recount of the current 'scientific' belief of how earth and finally we came to pass...

      No you don't. The order's all wrong. Genesis says that the Earth was around before the Sun (and that daylight, as well as the seperation of day and night, also existed in the absense of a sun.) I believe that it also states that birds appeared before land animals, but I don't have a copy on hand to check.
      --
      ... I'm addicted to placebos
    9. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by salesgeek · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Most creationists (and you appear to one of them) are hellbent on 'disproving' evolution and 'proving' 'Intelligent Design' (newspeak for Creation) using nothing more than the bible (itself a text of debatable origin).

      There's a way to make friends and influence people:

      * tell someone they are wrong.
      * justify it using something that the party in the wrong does not believe.
      * turn the argument into a game of uh-huh, nuh-huh.

      It reminds me of people using the Monster of Jekyll Island to tell their creditors why they don't really owe them money. The book might be right about the banking system, but that doesn't mean it's right about the law.

      --
      -- $G
    10. Re:You do know that gravity doesn't exist right? by Dhaos · · Score: 2, Interesting

      "...a faith with a significant following..."

      There are billions of Buddhists, and billions of Hindus. While you are arguing that any group with a significant following should have their (non-scientific) view point discussed in a science class, what you are really arguing for is the christian creationist viewpoint be discussed in the science class. Noone is arguing that all viewpoints be exposed- you know that as well as I. Its really not fair to express this as an argument of "let all views be known!", because ultimately you are interested only in your own.

      I tend to agree with the grandparent. If your prerogative is to teach your kid creationism, take him to sunday school. If you're going to start teaching metaphysical things in school, teach all viewpoints, even the ones that creationist christians might find offensive. (Yes, we exist because of an unending battle between Tiamat and Bahamut.)

      Right...?

      --
      It's not what you know, or even who you know- It's how many people recognize your damn .sig
  32. Adaptation is part of evolution by MichaelPenne · · Score: 3, Informative
    that it occurs is evidence of evolution in action, lots of adaptation leads to speciation.

    Also, show me a mutation that was for the better of the species.

    Pesticide/herbicide resistence, happens with increasing frequency. Predicted by evolution: change the environment and a mutation that confers an advantage in dealing with the new environment will rapidly spread through the population.

    Scientists are worried as this single mutation unexpectedly provides the fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with resistance to a range of commonly available, but chemically unrelated, pesticides.

    Researchers at the University of Melbourne and the Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research (CESAR) that made the discovery believe the mutation arose in Drosophila soon after the introduction of DDT and has since spread throughout the world.
    http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/a gricultural_sciences/report-13238.html

    Them pesky biologists! Cut their funding, that'll teach 'em to contradict your gut feelings about the world!
  33. Re:Recreation of extinct animals? by fishbowl · · Score: 2, Interesting

    There are so many accounts of passenger pigeons *darkening the daytime sky*. It's hard to imagine an animal that was alive in great numbers just a few generations ago, that is now *completely* extinct.

    It went from being *the* most abundant species of bird, to *extinct* in the span of maybe 50 years, during a period of relatively low population and industrializaion, compared with today.

    --
    -fb Everything not expressly forbidden is now mandatory.
  34. Re:I can't believe this wasn't mentioned by quarkscat · · Score: 2, Funny

    Netcraft confirms that this is an "extinct" unix
    system... (alas, poor SGI).

  35. Re:witness evolution? by flanman · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I don't think that the Fountain of Youth is really required in this case as the critters have very short life spans (months vs. years)

    Sure, if they were elephants or tortoises, then you'd have some issues.

    That's the good thing about these zooplankton is that you can see many many generations over a short period of time.

    Kind of cool, actually.

  36. Good luck with that by Progman3K · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This would give proof of evolution?
    How long until the Bush administration puts an end to their research?

    --
    I don't know the meaning of the word 'don't' - J
  37. Re:Obligatory Bill Hicks quote by The+Queen · · Score: 2, Funny

    Oh Bill... I actually think it's a good thing he didn't make it this far because the reign of King George II (or Reagan III, if you prefer) would have made his fricking head explode.

    RIP.

    --

    The House Between - Original Sci-Fi Series
  38. Re:No by TFGeditor · · Score: 2, Informative

    Many egg forms as well as bacteria can exist intact in a cysted state for a very long time under surprisingly harsh conditions. From a USDA anthrax fact sheet: "When cells of B. anthracis escape from the animal's body through bloody discharges from the natural openings of the body after death, and are exposed to oxygen, they form spores. These spores are highly resistant to heat, cold, chemical disinfectants, and long dry periods. B. anthracis spores are reported to survive for years in the environment."

    More here http://www.usda.gov/homelandsecurity/anthraxfs.htm

    --
    Ignorance is curable, stupid is forever.
  39. Evidence of the Creation by jgardn · · Score: 2, Funny

    Everything around you is evidence of the creation.

    QED.

    PS. You yourself are also evidence of the creation.

    --
    The radical sect of Islam would either see you dead or "reverted" to Islam.
  40. Re:Reason and Religion by maxpublic · · Score: 2, Insightful

    People who claim that religion and reason are mutually exclusive are themselves ignorant about what religion is.

    The people most likely to do this are the religious themselves, typified by creationist groups that seek to get their 'theory' into textbooks as a direct contrast to evolution. If the religious stuck to religion and stopped trying to interfere with or invalidate science we wouldn't even be having this debate.

    Max

    --
    My god carries a hammer. Your god died nailed to a tree. Any questions?