Slashdot Mirror


A Terabyte of Data on a Regular DVD?

Roland Piquepaille writes "This is the promise of the 3-D Optical Data Storage system developed at the University of Central Florida (UCF). This technology allows to record and store at least 1,000 GB of data on multiple layers of a single disc. The system uses lasers to compact large amounts of information onto a DVD and the process involves shooting two different wavelengths of light onto the recording surface. By using several layers, this technique will increase the storage capacity of a standard DVD to more than a terabyte. Read more for additional references and a diagram showing how this two-photon 3D optical system reads data."

35 of 200 comments (clear)

  1. maybe Im not getting it by COMON$ · · Score: 2, Interesting

    But how is this different than current dual layer DVDs? Does it just take advantage of shorter wavelengths or what?

    --
    CS: It is all sink or swim...oh and did I mention there are sharks in that water?
    1. Re:maybe Im not getting it by itlurksbeneath · · Score: 3, Informative

      Much higher density and multiple layers. TFA mentions 33 x-y planes (layers) of information. With that many planes, the density of each layer is comparable with a single side of a Blu-Ray disc. Can't remember if Blu-Ray is multi-layer or not.

      --
      Have you ever considered piracy? You'd make a wonderful Dread Pirate Roberts.
    2. Re:maybe Im not getting it by drinkypoo · · Score: 5, Interesting

      But is that really true? Is there significant degradation? VHS causes degradation during every play cycle not because you use the same device to read and write, but for two reasons: One, your VCR creates EM fields and VHS uses analog magnetic recording. So any time you put a tape in your VCR you're erasing it a little, whether you play it or not, just because there's a transformer in the same metal box as your tape. Two, the head in your VCR does helical scanning. Since the head therefore has to be round, so that 1) it can spin and 2) as it spins the distance from the axis of rotation to the tape has to remain constant, the tape also must describe a round path. The only way it can do this is if it rubs something so it might as well rub on the head. It pretty much has to anyway, because at the time it was outside our technical ability to use a much stronger signal - which probably wouldn't have been a good idea with analog recording anyway. The result is that the head physically wears away some of the coating as the tape passes the head. This is true of any system in which the recording medium contacts the read head, but it's especially true of VHS because you have a rapidly rotating head to deal with.

      As an aside, this is why you should never pause VHS unless you're actually trying to see something paused, and then you should unpause it as rapidly as possible, because otherwise you're stopping the tape but not the head, and the head will sit in one place rubbing away the magnetic coating on the plastic tape. This is why you should never rent porn on VHS, all the good parts will be missing :D

      Anyway, back to the topic at hand. I know this is not directly comparable for some obvious reasons, but I want to bring up Minidisc. While Minidisc is a MO drive and thus uses a substantially different technology, it might be worth discussing. MO works by using a laser to heat a very small region of the disk to the Curie Point, and then you write it with an electromagnet as it cools. Nothing happens below the curie point. Now, I know far less about CDR or DVDR than I do about this, unfortunately, but AFAIK it's based on the intensity of the laser, right? So here's my question, is there actually any significant degradation when you use the laser to read, or is the power level so much lower that there's really just not enough energy to cause it?

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    3. Re:maybe Im not getting it by evilviper · · Score: 3, Informative
      is there actually any significant degradation when you use the laser to read, or is the power level so much lower that there's really just not enough energy to cause it?

      No. There is some degredation of the dye with exposure to light, but with a low-power reading laser, it's so extremely small as to be negligable.

      There's much more energy in a few seconds of exposure to sunlight than in numerous full reads of a CD-R.
      --
      Slashdot gets worse every day... Pipedot: News for nerds, without the corporate slant
    4. Re:maybe Im not getting it by tobiasly · · Score: 2, Funny

      Getting a terabyte of data onto a DVD is easy. You simply render the bits using little colored shapes instead of traditional laser-beam pits and valleys.

  2. Woo Hoo! by stoneycoder · · Score: 5, Funny

    Glad I didn't buy blue-ray or HD-DVD, I knew they were both scams!

  3. Re:Cost? by thewils · · Score: 3, Funny

    Don't forget to factor in the expense of more hard disk needed to rip and burn 'em.

    --
    Once I was a four stone apology. Now I am two separate gorillas.
  4. Yup, that is what is needed by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 4, Funny

    Soon someone will announce that by using blue laser they get blu-Terabit-DVD and another will announce blu+terabit-DVD and one more blu-terabit+DVD and finally a blu+terabit+DVD. By the this time users would have been fed up and gone on a nice fishing trip in the Owen's river in California.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  5. A Terabyte... For How Long ? by bateleur · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Can't help wondering how durable the resulting storage solution will prove to be. Maybe it's just me, but I'm always wary of solutions that use things for purposes they weren't designed for.

    1. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by PatrickThomson · · Score: 5, Insightful

      using it on regular dvds might be like the days of hole-punching 720k floppies.

      --
      I am one of many. My idea is not unique, nor do I expect my voice alone to sway you. I speak in a chorus of opinion.
    2. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by gEvil+(beta) · · Score: 4, Funny

      using it on regular dvds might be like the days of hole-punching 720k floppies.

      Don't be stupid. DVDs already have the hole punched in them...

      --
      This guy's the limit!
    3. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by spyrochaete · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I agree completely. My burned CDs from 5 years ago are quite deteriorated, and the new CDRs I buy are of even shoddier quality. It's time to put laser media to rest and start using something more resilient.

    4. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by nine-times · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I don't know... CDs can be carved into excellent throwing stars.

      Seriously, though, lots of great things come from using things for purposes other than what they were intended for. Microwaves ovens were made after someone noticed that radar systems could melt candybars. CDs were originally intended, AFAIK, for audio, and only later adapted for general data discs for computers. That's often how technology advances: people realize they can use one discovery for an unintended and unrelated purpose.

    5. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by LordKronos · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm always wary of solutions that use things for purposes they weren't designed for.

      I think the slashdot title is probably a bit misleading. It says "Regular DVD", but from reading the article, all I got out of it was that they can put this much data on something the SIZE of a regular DVD. If it mentioned anything about using a DVD+/-R that you can buy from the store today, then I completely missed it.

    6. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by smallpaul · · Score: 2, Informative

      Microwave ovens are made to be ovens. That the idea arose because of radar systems is irrelevant to this discussion. You're right that CDs were intended for audio. I would argue that they are not great for computer systems precisely for this reason. Unlike the old floppy disks, CDs do not do random-access writes and are not covered by a dust and dirt-blocking shell. On the other hand, standadizing on a non-optimal solution has had the great advantage of making CDs and CD players cheap as dirt, as well as allowing computers and audio systems to share music. The original poster in this thread presumably values reliability over cost savings based upon his negative experience with CDs.

    7. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? by PoderOmega · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I have some burned CDs ranging from 1-8 years that have just been sitting in the dark in a CD binder. Visualy they look fine and I am still able to pull data from them without problems in the rare case I pull something off them. Are you leaving your CD-Rs in the sun, swapping them in and out of drives? Some of my music CD-Rs that get frequent use are not looking too good. One thing about my older CD-Rs is the look (the new ones are slightly translucent) and feel thicker than the newer ones I have purchased of the same brand (Imation).

  6. finally! by Rooked_One · · Score: 5, Funny

    something big enough to hold my pr0n collection!

  7. Re:Next Voyager mission? by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 2, Insightful

    You sound like "640 KB is more than enough", "There is demand in the world for upto six computers". If you build it, they will use it.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  8. Finally!!! by eno2001 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I might actually be able to back my data up at home to something other than more striped HDs!!

    --
    -"...bad old ideas look confusingly fresh when they are packaged as technology" - Jaron Lanier (Digital Maoism on Edge.o
  9. A "Regular" DVD? by Spritzer · · Score: 2, Insightful

    That doesn't sound like a regular DVD to me.

  10. Article is wrong by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 5, Informative

    By the definition of a DVD (yes, just like the various "color" Book standards that defined CDs, there are standards that define DVDs), this new technology will not result in a standard DVD by any means.

    More proper terminology might be "in a standard form factor 12cm optical disc".

    --
    retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
  11. light on details...I'm a skeptic by tpjunkie · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Both articles repeat the phrase "uses lasers to compact large amounts of information onto a DVD" and then state that several layers would then be utilized. First of all, what the hell does using lasers to compact information mean? As far as I can tell, the articles explain how they are able to cause a state change in recording media with two wavelengths of light, and read it using a single wavelength, and that this media layer is particularly thin, allowing for multiple layers to be stacked up on the disc.

    In my opinion, if you're going to the trouble of utilizing a multiple beam system in your drive, holographic storage makes a lot more sense, as both beams are the same wavelength (meaning only a single laser and a beam splitter are needed), your read times are going to be tremendously faster, due to the data all being stored in the same layer, obviating the need to refocus or switch beams, and finally, due to the nature of holography (in that small sections of a hologram contain the information needed to reconstruct the entire hologram), a disc with holographic storage should be much more resistant to read errors resulting from scratches, whereas with one of these, a scratch could render data on several layers unreadable.

    1. Re:light on details...I'm a skeptic by drinkypoo · · Score: 4, Informative
      and finally, due to the nature of holography (in that small sections of a hologram contain the information needed to reconstruct the entire hologram), a disc with holographic storage should be much more resistant to read errors resulting from scratches, whereas with one of these, a scratch could render data on several layers unreadable.

      You are incorrect - you're almost right but your interpretation of the durability of a hologram is unfounded.

      Small portions of a hologram contain the information needed to produce an approximation of the original image. The difference between traditional and holographic storage is that a scratch on a CD renders the information under the scratch unreadable, while a scratch on a hologram degrades the entire image.

      In other words, you lose just as much data, it's just unevenly distributed. In the end, it will help you with durability by making it so that a certain percentage of the disc must be damaged before the data is unreadable; but at the same time, if you start with a 10cm square hologram, and you want to be able to still read the data faithfully if you only have 1cm square area left, your data will have to be written across 100x the area that it normally would in order for you to be able to read it out later.

      If a 700MB CD without ECC is 800MB then an audio CD is ostensibly one-eighth error correction. Assuming the same density, you would get the same amount of data on the CD, but you would still be able to read data from any part of the CD as long as no more than 1/8 of the media was destroyed. In theory you could drill some symmetrical, balanced holes in such a CD (assuming a rotating-media holographic system, which is probably not a safe assumption) and lose nothing, not even the data you punched out.

      Anyway, the REAL problem with optical disc durability is that the top layer is vulnerable. Scratches on the bottom can be polished out and minor scratches don't even have a significant effect because the laser is focused on the metal layer, not on the disc surface. It's diffuse when it passes through the layer where the scratches are. If the top of the disc were protected, I'd probably have lost about 50% less discs. I just had to throw about five discs away because their metal layer stuck to my CD binder and peeled off... And the first CD I ever killed died because I laid my arm across it for a couple minutes and sweated on it, which caused big chunky pieces of the metal layer to delaminate and stick to my arm like gold flakes.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  12. How about 250 redundantly stored gigabytes? by Peter+Trepan · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I have enough trouble with my regular DVDs getting hosed. I imagine this would only make the process of data retreival even more delicate. Can the data be stored more robustly if some storage capacity is given up?

    Oo! Oo! Could this be done with software, even if the manufacturer decides to go with one nonrobust terabyte?

    --

    Step into a huge movement. Don't Tread In Me.

  13. FMD-ROM vaporware... by TyFighter · · Score: 2, Insightful

    FMD-ROMs were the wave of the future, what? 6 years ago? Promising to hold up to 140GB?
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_Multilaye r_Disc
    None of this kind of vaporware will ever see the light of day unless Sony or Microsoft wants it to.

    --
    -tyfighter
  14. And the blank media tax will be.. by The+Creator · · Score: 2, Funny

    In best Dr. Evil voice: "One million dollars!" *muhahahahaha*

    --

    FRA: STFU GTFO
  15. Slow I/O??? by Sargeant+Slaughter · · Score: 4, Interesting

    If this is using essentially the same technology as DVD i think the read/write speeds would be awfully slow to handle 1 TB of data. If the bits are squeezed into a smaller surface area (instead of just layerd on top of eachother) if should read faster but if the space the bits take up is the same I think it would have simial I/O performance. After all, you can only spin a disc so fast (10-15K RPM).
    Unless they find a way to read/write to multiple layers simultaneously and very efficiently, I think it would be really slow. At round normal DVD I/O speeds, burning one of those suckers would take like 60 hours!
    Universities like to announce stuff like they are a big breakthroughs when in reality they have little to no impact. Get's their names in paper...

    --
    I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. -Confucius
  16. Re:Next Voyager mission? by dorath · · Score: 2, Insightful
    You sound like "640 KB is more than enough", "There is demand in the world for upto six computers". If you build it, they will use it.

    Indeed. I remember back when my favorite game came on two 5.25" floppies. After a while, it was twelve 3.5" floppies. My current favorite game comes on two DVDs.

    If the capacity is there, somebody will fill it. That somebody will likely make games.
  17. Firehose Data Rates by goombah99 · · Score: 2, Informative
    The data rates when reading or writing one of these would be pretty high. If there were 1000 tracks then that would be 1GB/track if it were spinning at 3600 RPM that would be arounf 500 Gigabits per second. You'd need sever times that in electrical bandwith to keep the squarewave sharp. That's terrahertz modulation rates even for the shortest reads.

    So to do this at all your going to need 100 or more read heads and data channels to get the modulation rate down, or there would have to be orders of magnitude more tracks. Or possibly there's some way you could encode the bits in different overlapping frames such that the data rate of any one frame was lower. For example by using different reconstruction laser spatial patterns for different frames could use physics to select which frame was being selected.

    Otherwise this is drinking from a fire hose even for the shortest reads, and the equipment needed would be prohibitively expensive.

    The same problem happens when writing: how do you buffer a gigabyte of data to deliver it that fast. It ain't gonna be in the main RAM.

    --
    Some drink at the fountain of knowledge. Others just gargle.
  18. What about HVD? by stonesmith · · Score: 2, Informative

    HVD is supposed to be out as early as next year and have 3.9 terrabytes of storage.

  19. They a revolutionary jump just to stay relevant by Phat_Tony · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I remember when the first computers with DVD-ROM's started showing up, the computers generally had about 200-400MB hard drives. So a single 600MB CD disk held more than everything on your entire hard drive.

    Now a standard computer might come with a 160 or 250GB hard drive, and where are disks? Only at about 8 GB for DL DVD's. Instead of fitting one or two hard drives of info on a single disc, now you fit 20 or more discs onto a single hard drive.

    Yeah, I know Blue Ray and HD-DVD will be in computers soon, but they don't come close to reversing the trend. Soon we'll have 25-50 GB/disc, and by that time probably at least 500GB-1TB standard hard drives. And then it'll be a long time with frequent hard drive upgrades and no bigger discs again. Blue Ray and HDDVD may be bigger, but at the rate they're getting bigger, discs are still falling farther and farther behind.

    I hope there will be some revolutionary increase like holographic storage discs, but I'm not holding my breath, because I remember reading articles about how we'd have terabyte holographic storage devices in a few years going back as far as NASA in 1993 and 4D around 1997. Holographic storage seems to be one of those technologies like fusion that are always a few years off.

    At least holographic storage is always five years away, while fusion is always 20 years away. At least that sounds more promising.

    --
    Can anyone tell me how to set my sig on Slashdot?
  20. Not a standard DVD by NiteShaed · · Score: 2, Informative

    The summary says "By using several layers, this technique will increase the storage capacity of a standard DVD to more than a terabyte.", yet UFC's website offers the following description:
    "Depending on the color (wavelength) of the light, information is written onto a disk. The information is highly compacted, so the disk isn't much thicker. It's like a typical DVD."
    A disk that "isn't much thicker" than a standard DVD isn't a standard DVD.

    --
    Some bring out the best in others, some the worst. Some bring out far more.
  21. Re:Next Voyager mission? by Sylver+Dragon · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I would just about kill for this sort of data density at the moment. I run a 4.5TB SAN at my office, and we're doing everything we can to free up space. A large part of the problem is that we have some very large datasets which are not needed regularly, but they are needed occasionally. Our current answer is tapes (we're getting a tape library which uses LTO-3 tapes soon) which work quite well, but they do degrade with time and don't handle being dropped well. Also, at $50 a tape, they can get expensive, and they are slow. Lastly, if you ever switch backup software you might have to deal with converting tapes to a new format.
    We have actually used stacks of DVDs to backup some of the less used data, but at 8.5GB per dual layer DVD backing up a 100GB folder takes a lot of them, and is slow. Bring on the 1TB discs, I'll put them to use, and probably start complaining about how small they are soon.

    --
    Necessity is the mother of invention.
    Laziness is the father.
  22. Re:A Terabyte... For How Long ? depends on $ by denis-The-menace · · Score: 2, Informative

    Maybe it's the quality of media that you buy.
    look up your media here to see how it rates.
    http://www.digitalfaq.com/media/dvdmedia.htm

    --
    Obama's legacy: (N)othing (S)ecure (A)nywhere and (T)error (S)imulation (A)dministration
  23. same thing as two-photon microscopy by lukesl · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This is the same idea as two-photon microscopy, a relatively common technique in biological sciences. Basically, the advantage is that it gives you very good resolution in the z dimension (not just x and y). This allows you to image deep into biological tissue, or apparently, into multiple layers of an optical disc. It's not exactly a new idea, and the technology is mature. The question is whether or not it can be made affordable--a low-end titanium-sapphire laser costs around $130,000, and they have to be physically large enough to accommodate several meters (IIRC) of optical path length. The development of laser diodes with high enough intensity to do two-photon excitation will probably be the limiting factor in bringing this to market, not the dye chemistry.