Apple Charges For 802.11n, Blames Accounting Law
If you have a Core 2 Duo Macintosh, the built-in WLAN card is capable of networking using (draft 2) 802.11n. This capability can be unlocked via an update Apple distributes with the new AirPort Extreme Base Station. Or, they will sell it to you for $4.99. Why don't they give it away for free, say with Software Update? Because of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (which was passed in the wake of the Enron scandal). iLounge quotes an Apple representative: "It's about accounting. Because of the Act, the company believes that if it sells a product, then later adds a feature to that product, it can be held liable for improper accounting if it recognizes revenue from the product at the time of sale, given that it hasn't finished delivering the product at that point."
Imagine if they even charged $1 for every patch, for every user. There are more MS patches for a product than every dollar in the asking price for said product. I'm aware that Apple are scared because it's a "new feature", but MS has done that a lot.
This explanation doesn't hold water -- then why don't they charge for software updates, and why not charge $1.99, or $0.99, or even $0.01, instead?
Sounds like someone had way to much to drink before going live.
Either that or someone high up in apple is really jumpy right now and it playing it safe to insane degrees.
Either a) anyone who offers a patch that fixes a bug or adds a feature and doesn't charge for it (which happens all the time, for example: windows update) is breaking the law or b) Apple is delusional / wanted an excuse to charge you more money.
I know which one I believe.
Philosophy.
So why does it cost $4.99 for a feature which tas taken very little work to implement?
OK, so it's fair that they're charging for it - if you believe their excuse, but why not $0.99 or $1?
I thought this was common knowledge - I've been arguing that the effects of Sarbanes-Oxley are detrimental for some time now.
The major problem is that it invites software companies (I'm not making any accusations here) to put out shoddy software, full of bugs and not-ready-for-primetime features, giving themselves the option to *not* charge for upgrades later, perhaps for business-reasons. Bugfixes, you see, are not subject to the S-O ruling. This is not the way I'd like to see the s/w industry go...
Simon.
Physicists get Hadrons!
Oh, wait....
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm
That's about the most lame excuse I've ever heard. What's with Microsoft updates? They also "complete" the product. What about free updates of all kind?
And even if they believe their own propaganda, why don't charge one dollar, or even one cent? The accounting principle wouldn't be broken.
Rome taught me patience and assiduous application to detail. Virtues which temper the boldness of great, general views.
If you have a GeForce/Quadro, it is called 'NVIDIA PureVideo Decoder'.
Has to be at least $1.00. Probably costs 'em several dollars to handle the dollar...
Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
Wow, they're taking a huge loss on this whole iTMS thing aren't they?
Man, you really need that seminar!
Microsoft started it with their "Vista" XP-successor where you can
"upgrade" to "Premium" or "Ultimate" versions with your credit card,
how long before Apple turns around and says
"I see you are trying to use your bluetooth adapter. For a one-time use
feature please authorize a $2.99 charge to your credit card. If you want to
use this feature for longer periods of time the following plans are
available: 2 weeks of operation $8.99, 4 weeks of operation $14.99.
Time limited options extend automatically with recurring charges to your
credit card. Unlimited feature activation $49.99 one time charge."
Can someone please post the link to where I buy the unlocking software? After spending $3K on my C2D MacBook Pro, you really think I care about paying another $5?
Sure it could have been a penny, but that may have been construed as trying to sell the feature for less than market value. I'm not an accountant, but I know that you can get in trouble for stock options granted at less than estimated market value for a private (unlisted) company, therefore you have the pick the lowest number that can be seen as a reasonable value. I was lucky to get my shares at $0.02 a piece since when I was granted the options the startup company I started working at had yet to make their first sale. A year later they had to grant options at $0.50 and up.
In all honesty $5 is cheap for a draft-N card. Consider the alternative of buying a PCMCIA Wireless N card and tell me its not a deal?
I worked at a place that abused accounting principles. They'd book revenue on hardware that hadn't shipped or even been made, software that wasn't installed or even sold yet, and move all kinds of valid and imaginary revenue from the vague future to the current quarter like crazy.
I understand why we need laws about when you are supposed to book revenue because I've seen it abused. The whole house of cards collapses hard when growth slows. My job was lost when the dotcom bubble burst and they couldn't hide their baloney in triple digit growth any more. Same thing happened at many other companies.
This seems like an innocent case, but I thought I'd point out there are other possibilities.
Man, you really need that seminar!
This is actually a real problem. If you sell a product that has upgradable firmware then you need to only recognise revenue as you provide the service. For example let's say you sell a device for $1000 and provide free firmware upgrades for 1 year. You might structure this that the base product is worth $900 and the 12 months tech support is worth $100. You then recognise the revenue as $900 at time of sale and $100/12 per month.
For a product that has free firmware upgrades "forever", you might introduce some reasonable lifetime (like 3 years), perhaps the typical depreciation period for the product.
Now Apple beancounters fucked up. They recognised all revenue immediately. They should have really defered some of the revenue recognition but they wanted to look all shiny for Wall Street (Enron, on a smaller scale). By chraging for this upgrade they're probably hoping to create a loop hole.
Needless to say, MS most likely just moons the act and does not care any more than they care about the DOJ nailing them with anti-trust.
Engineering is the art of compromise.
Even before Sarbanes-Oxley (e.g. in the mid-1990's) ethical, conservative CFO's [admitted a rare breed] were very careful about "recognizing revenue" for a product when a newer or better version was in the works. Our "head up the ass" Congress passed Sarbanes-Oxley and now companies have hire many more lawyers to cover their asses. Lots of companies in Apple's situation would simply do NOTHING - no charge, no upgrade: WYSIWYG hardware. Is that in the consumer's best interest? I think not!
Here's how Apple can get around SOX: Put the update on their site, list it as BETA, let anyone register to be a "Beta Tester" for the application, they have to agree that this is a Beta, and you have to uninstall the product when the final implimentation comes out...kind of like what MS does...then let people have the file. Or they can charge you $4.99 for it, but give you a special once-only keycode that's worth $4.99 off any purchase. Result: a wash, accounting-wise. No odd accounting practices, no shuffling of cards, just people getting the app.
It's funny how BIOS updates and other drivers aren't seemingly worried about SOX...or how Microsoft Update isn't either...
802.11n was never advertised openly and originally as part of the capabilities of the products in question. For that matter, Quicktime Pro's feature sets are not advertised as part of standard Quicktime... but you don't see anyone complaining that users have to pay a license fee to unlock the Quicktime Pro bundle of features that already exist on your Mac in a disabled state.
For that matter, the same can be said of many different types of software. If you get a digital converter box from your cable company, by virtue of having the box you aren't granted access to every channel the box can theoretically decode.
Give me a break. Who among the Slashdot readers besides the .01% group you obviously belong to finds anything common knowledge about Sarbanes-Oxley?
"It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
Please note that while iLounge's article is interesting, it's based on two unnamed Apple representatives, quoted without their position at the company being mentioned. This is fine, but let's not take this as an official Apple position or statement. I'm a regular print and online journalist, so I asked Apple about the $5 charge. They said they don't comment on rumors and speculation, and repeated that the updater would be available on the CD with the new AirPort Extreme update that will ship in February. To me, that's like saying, "hint, hint." The CD will have an unlocked updater that can be used with any compatible Core 2 Duo or Xeon Macintosh. Thus, Apple may or may not have a Sarbanes-Oxley issue (stranger things have happened), and they may or may not charge $5 for the updater. Nonetheless, an unlocked "enabler" application will be in the hands of thousands of early purchasers (like myself). I've written more about this on my Wi-Fi blog in a post about why I think the $5 charge is unlikely, but unnecessary for anyone to pay even if it's attempted to be levied.
Freelance tech journalist for the Economist, MIT Technology Review, Macworld, and others
I don't care in the slighest either way. On the one hand, $4.99 is literally and figuratively peanuts (about what I earn in 12 minutes, or a massive half hour if I were on national minimum wage); and on the other, even low-speed WiFi is still faster than my high-speed internet connection.
I don't care about upgrading, but if I did, their price is lower than the cost of my time to find a trustworthy 3rd party.
It's amazing what gets 'blamed' on Sarbanes-Oxley. And most of the time, completely off base. While there is surely some money-grubbing from Apple, this is probably nothing more than Apple making a conservative decision to apply existing accounting policy more stringently. The previous poster here gets it right.
I am a forensic accountant - I do large corporate financial investigations, which involve accounting analysis and numerous interviews of management.
And I can't tell you how many times I've heard people in companies, when asked about $FOO, say "we had to do this because of SOX". Most of the time, they couldn't tell you what SOX is, or why that is the cause of $FOO.
SOX has turned into the Boogeyman, the shadow lurking in the background of any financial discussion. Unknown reason? SOX made us!
At its simplest, SOX requires that companies document what they do and how they do it. "404" is just a requirement that companies have a complete set of working documents describing accounting processes and the controls around those processes, and that they have actually tested to see that the processes and controls work properly.
Along with 404, SOX also heightened the burden on the financial accounting groups. Now CEOs and CFOs sign statements in quaterly and annual SEC filings, under penalties of civil and criminal law, that certify that they are "responsible for establishing and maintaining internal controls", including upward reporting from subordinates and subsidiaries, and that the controls have been tested and reported on in the filing.
As a result, corporate accounting departments have tightened up, More documentation of different types of accounting processes mean that existing, latent accounting issues are being surfaced and addressed. More conservative usually, in the sense that one does not 'push the envelope' of GAAP.
This is not really 'SOX made us do it', but rather as result of the analysis that SOX calls for. Sematics, but an important difference, I think.
Accounting Background - What is at work here?
SOP 97-2 "Revenue Recognition for Software Products with Multiple Deliverables".
SEC and AICPA: Revenue generally is realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met:
- Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists
- Delivery has occured or services have been rendered
- The seller's price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and
- Collectibility is reasonably assured
So, Apple decided that at the time of the sale of the computer with 802.11n (but not yet functional), with no additional amounts due from the customer, that since Apple had not perfected delivery of the complete laptop with 802.11n, they had not finalized all terms of the delivery, and thus had not "earned" all of the revenue from that sale. This would cause them to 'defer' some portion of the revenue (a liability on the balance sheet) until the final piece of the sale (802.11n) was delivered to the customer.
Under Apple's current policy, the computer is sold without 802.11n, delivery of this total package is complete when the customer receives the laptop, and Apple recognizes that entire sale as current revenue. Then a new $4.99 sales happens when the customer purchases the upgrade.
See: NY Society of CPA's discussion of SOP 97-2.
Now, there are certainly valid objections to the scope and scale of 404, but those are fairly focused on the size of companies that SOX should apply to, and how much testing the auditor should demand that they and the company do around 404.
I wouldn't be surprised if the reason was that this is the minimal charge that credit card companies (one or more) will accept.
Dog is my co-pilot.
Software products are advertised for their core functionality. They're intended to be fluid products, and accounting doesn't care what features are added or removed in software, as long as Photoshop stays an image editor and Dreamweaver stays a web content editor, the rules are met.
Not the same with hardware. Any material change in the product has to be accounted for. If Apple already filed its disclosure statements indicating that its products had b/g wireless chipsets in it (which it would have), it can't go back and change that later and say "oops actually it's 802.11n." Doing so would be a "material misstatement" punishable by the PCAOB under Sarbanes-Oxley. By charging for the 'upgrade' they can file current accounting documents saying that the products were upgraded with new functionality.
Apple was not obligated to provide updates to 802.11N so there is no revenue recognition issue. Everyone who bought the machine bought it under specs that said 802.11g. If Apple had claimed at the time the machines were sold that 802.11N would be enabled at a future date, then there would be an issue. Additionally, under this interpretation of SOX, Apple would have to hold back money on every sale of every piece of hardware as deferred revenue to pay for patches. Since Apple would already be holding back revenue as deferred revenue in case it needed to patch the drivers for security hole, it simply could used that money rather than charging users more. I think this SOX excuse is a smoke screen to justify grabbing an extra $5.
That sounds exactly like what has happened to apple, except in reverse. Apple advertised a product with some set of features x. But now it turns out they really shipped x+1 and just turned it off in software. I'm not sure of any way to squint at Apple's promotional materials from when these products were sold and somehow think people got less than what they were promised, which is where you would have a problem with Sarbanes/Oxley. It's much closer to say, a baker being in violation of S/O because you ordered a dozen donuts and he gave you thirteen (the proverbial baker's dozen). And what about other hardware companies? If turning things on after selling a product is illegal, HP in the story above this (about having VT turned off and now they're releasing a new bios to enable it) would be violating S/O and I can't imagine their lawyers haven't given this just as much thought as Apple's. This charging five bucks so as not to be in violation of S/O seems to be pretty far fetched to me.
Now, landing thrusters.. landing thrusters, hmm. Now if I were a landing thruster, which one of these would I be?
Apple are trying to cover their tracks. If some shareholders want to hound Apple at some point for some less-than-stellar performance on Wall St, they could easily bring up the fact that Apple recognised this revenue too early and thus brough the profits forward a few quarters (meaning that profit that should have happened a few quarters later did not show up). If you had just bought Apple's shares you might have reason to be pissed.
While the accounting is a drag, it is not that huge a deal. It only takes a few minutes to figure out a revenue realisation policy that you will use for a particular product. The real issue though is that many companies sell unfinished products and want to recognise revenue immediately. This makes for poor products and engineering: "Just ship it to get revenue this quarter. We'll fix it next quarter". Sarbanes-Oxley counters this which is good for product development.
Engineering is the art of compromise.
How is this different from Microsoft adding 1080p support to the 360 (for free)?
Firstly, anyone owning a Core 2 Duo Mac (that paid for it themself) is not going to have trouble paying an extra $4.99 to enable state-of-the-art wireless technology. Hell, even someone with a minimum-wage job who got it as a gift could shell that out.
Secondly, everyone's stance on this seems to be "extortion for extra profit". Please. Their reason sounds legitimate to me, but let's look at what Apple even has to gain from this:
Currently, over 50 million people own an Apple product (I'm getting this from a quick Google search, and all the following numbers are just arbitrary guesses to prove my point). Let's say half of those are iPods. And of the 25 million computers, how many are the new Core 2 Duo mac? Let's say 1 million (that's being generous, I'm sure, as this is a higher-end model, correct?). And how many of the owners of these are going to need (or want) 802.11n? Let's say half. So 500,000 people at $5 a pop, 2.5 million dollars.
And Apple is what, a multi-billion dollar company? Does everyone here really think they'd do something to upset their customers like this over 2.5 million dollars? I don't think so. They could simply raise the price of every computer $5 for the same effect, with less backlash.
I realize these numbers are incredibly rough estimates, but my point is there's no way they're making enough money off this (with the bad press and all) for it to be some evil for-profit extortion.
WHO NEEDS SHIFT WHEN YOU HAVE CAPSLOCK/ DAMN1
The story is not accurate, at least in the sense that Apple's excuse is a valid one. The only way this could be considered "a feature of the product that was not delivered until a later time" would be if the laptops were advertised as having this feature to begin with, which they weren't. Nobody was sold these by Apple with the idea that 802.11n support would be forthcoming. Apple is just trying to deflect complainers.
Given that all 802.11n setups are draft and proprietary at this time, the only way this card is going to be officially supported by Apple is if you're using one of the soon-to-be-released new Apple Airport Extreme base stations, which comes with the patch. So this paid update will only be useful to people who plan to get onto an Apple router but didn't buy it. And if you're in the position to get onto the router, you probably know the owner and can just get the patch from them. I somehow doubt they are going to be tracking these like Excel licenses.